CN117604266A - Preparation method and preparation device of modified heat dissipation material based on waste aluminum regulation - Google Patents
Preparation method and preparation device of modified heat dissipation material based on waste aluminum regulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN117604266A CN117604266A CN202311611908.1A CN202311611908A CN117604266A CN 117604266 A CN117604266 A CN 117604266A CN 202311611908 A CN202311611908 A CN 202311611908A CN 117604266 A CN117604266 A CN 117604266A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 title claims description 34
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000713 high-energy ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 34
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 15
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910016384 Al4C3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001250 2024 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001094 6061 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/14—Solid materials, e.g. powdery or granular
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0038—Obtaining aluminium by other processes
- C22B21/0069—Obtaining aluminium by other processes from scrap, skimmings or any secondary source aluminium, e.g. recovery of alloy constituents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and a preparation device of a modified heat-dissipating material based on waste aluminum regulation, comprising the following steps: s01, crushing aluminum alloy scraps, or/and aluminum alloy waste or/and aluminum alloy leftover materials to prepare aluminum alloy scraps; s02, inputting the aluminum alloy scraps and the carbon materials into a ball mill, and performing low-speed ball milling-high-energy ball milling processing to obtain composite particles; s03, performing compression molding on the composite particles, wherein the compression temperature is room temperature, the compression pressure range is 300-500 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5min, so as to prepare compact-structure pressed blanks; s04, performing semi-solid isothermal treatment on the pressed compact, wherein the heating rate is 15 ℃ per minute, the isothermal temperature is 550-570 ℃, and the isothermal time lasts for 30 minutes. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation process, short in time consumption, energy-saving and environment-friendly, integrates the heat radiation advantages of the aluminum alloy and the carbon material, has high heat radiation efficiency and good toughness, can realize high-efficiency recycling of the aluminum alloy waste, and is suitable for industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat dissipation materials, in particular to a preparation method and a preparation device of a modified heat dissipation material based on waste aluminum regulation.
Background
The heat dissipation is very important for the high-power LED, the optimization of the radiator structure is limited in improvement of the heat dissipation of the high-power LED, and the preparation of the metal-based material with excellent heat dissipation performance is of great significance. The thermal conductivity of graphene is up to 5300Wm-1K-1, the thermal conductivity of carbon nano tube is up to 3000Wm-1K-1, which is obviously higher than that of metallic copper (401 Wm-1K-1) and aluminum (237 Wm-1K-1), the graphene, the carbon nano tube and the aluminum can be compounded to prepare the aluminum-based composite material with excellent thermal conductivity, and meanwhile, the carbon material can be used as a reinforcing body to effectively increase the strength of the aluminum, but the dispersion process of the carbon material is easy to cause microstructure defects such as agglomeration, crystal structure damage and poor interface bonding of the carbon material.
Along with the wider and wider application field of aluminum alloy, the application amount is larger and larger, huge demand space is generated by recycling waste aluminum alloy, aluminum alloy waste is recycled mainly through remelting regeneration, more energy is consumed, and problems of burning loss and oxidization of aluminum, pollution to the environment and the like exist in the traditional remelting regeneration process. The aluminum-based composite material with good heat conducting property and toughness is prepared through simple modification treatment, and has important significance in promoting development and utilization of aluminum alloy, saving energy and reducing emission.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method and a preparation device for a modified heat-dissipating material based on waste aluminum regulation, which are used for realizing uniform dispersion and tight combination of carbon nano tubes or graphene in aluminum alloy by controlling the rotation speed and time of ball milling, realizing preparation of a compact composite material by controlling the temperature and the heat preservation time of semi-solid isothermal treatment, not only exerting excellent heat conduction characteristics of the carbon nano tubes and the graphene, but also improving the toughness of aluminum.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a preparation method of a modified heat dissipation material based on waste aluminum regulation comprises the following steps:
s01, crushing aluminum alloy scraps, or/and aluminum alloy waste or/and aluminum alloy leftover materials to prepare aluminum alloy scraps;
s02, inputting the aluminum alloy scraps and the carbon materials into a ball mill, and performing low-speed ball milling-high-energy ball milling processing to obtain composite particles;
s03, performing compression molding on the composite particles, wherein the compression temperature is room temperature, the compression pressure range is 300-500 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5min, so as to prepare compact-structure pressed blanks;
s04, performing semi-solid isothermal treatment on the pressed compact, wherein the heating rate is 15 ℃ per min, the isothermal temperature is 550-570 ℃, the isothermal time lasts for 30min, and then stopping heating, and then automatically discharging heat to room temperature and standing for 3h to prepare the aluminum-based composite heat dissipation material.
Preferably, the ball mill in the step 2 is used for ball milling the aluminum alloy scraps and the carbon material, and the method comprises the following steps:
s21, mixing materials at the rotating speed of 150r/min and the mixing time of 20 min;
s22, after the material mixing is finished, the rotating speed is 150r/min, the ball milling time is 5h, the ball-material ratio is 30:1, and low-speed ball milling is carried out;
s23, after the low-speed ball milling is finished, the rotating speed is 1300r/min, the ball milling time is 0.5h, and the ball-material ratio is 30:1, and high-energy ball milling is carried out.
The preparation device based on the waste aluminum regulation modified heat dissipation material is used for realizing the preparation method based on the waste aluminum regulation modified heat dissipation material summarized in the scheme, and comprises a ball mill, a pressure forming machine, a kiln and a screening mechanism arranged on a discharge hole of the ball mill;
the screening mechanism at least comprises a composite filter screen assembly, wherein the composite filter screen assembly comprises a scraping part and a screening part, and a preset interval is kept between the scraping part and the screening part;
a channel pipe with two ends respectively communicated with the scraping part and the engraving holes on the screen part is arranged in the interval;
the inner walls of the channel pipes are distributed in a step-like manner, and the diameters of the inner walls of each step of the scraping and rubbing parts are gradually increased from the screen filtering parts.
Preferably, an elastic transition part is arranged between every two adjacent steps of the channel pipe;
and the lengths of the elastic transition parts are gradually reduced from the screen part to the scraping and rubbing part.
Preferably, at least four rigid bone plates are arranged in the channel pipe, and one end of each rigid bone plate, which is positioned in the elastic transition part, is bent.
Preferably, the device further comprises a pushing part which is arranged in the interval in a sliding way and is connected with the screen part to the scraping part through elastic connecting parts which are symmetrically arranged on the pushing part, and the pushing part is positioned at two end positions of the sliding stroke of the pushing part, so that the interval between the screen part and the scraping part has a minimum value and a maximum value, and the channel pipes are synchronous along with the change of the interval.
Preferably, the device further comprises a fixedly arranged track plate, wherein the first end of the pushing piece is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the track plate;
the inner wall of the track plate is provided with arc-shaped protruding parts which are arranged in a circumferential array.
Preferably, the scraping part is rotatably provided with a rotary disk, and the rotary disk is provided with a chute which is in sliding fit with the first end of the rigid bone plate;
and when the interval is at the maximum value, the rotary disk rotates to guide the first end to slide to the other end of the chute, so that the channel pipe is in the following two states simultaneously:
in a first state, the inner wall forms a spiral channel due to the twisted rigid bone plate;
and in the second state, the radius increases towards one end of the scratch part.
Preferably, a push rod which is obliquely arranged is movably arranged between the rotating disc and the pushing piece.
Preferably, the scraper conveyor further comprises a conveying auger driven to rotate, and one end of the conveying auger is fixedly provided with a scraper member attached to the first side surface of the scraping part.
In the technical scheme, the preparation method and the preparation device for the modified heat dissipation material based on waste aluminum regulation have the following beneficial effects:
the prepared aluminum alloy composite heat dissipation material has good heat conduction performance, graphene and carbon nanotubes have excellent heat conduction performance, heat can be rapidly transferred, the carbon material and waste aluminum alloy scraps are mixed and then subjected to long-time low-speed ball milling, the carbon material can be uniformly dispersed on the surface of flaky aluminum alloy powder, then the short-time high-energy ball milling is adopted to enable the carbon material and the flaky aluminum alloy powder to perform cold welding, tight interface combination between the carbon material and the aluminum alloy is realized, plastic flow of aluminum can promote the carbon material to be further separated, good dispersibility is obtained, and meanwhile, the structural integrity of the carbon material is reserved to the maximum extent. The carbon material agglomerates existing in a small amount in the pressing process are elongated and broken along the extrusion direction, the dispersibility of the carbon material is obviously improved, and the heat dissipation performance of the composite material is obviously improved compared with that of aluminum alloy.
And secondly, the material also has high strength and good toughness, the damage to the carbon material structure caused by a long-time low-speed ball milling and short-time high-energy ball milling process is small, the reaction degree of the carbon material and aluminum is low, and the toughness of the aluminum alloy composite material can be effectively improved by means of grain refinement, dislocation density improvement and dispersion strengthening effect of a small amount of nano Al4C3 particles generated during semi-solid isothermal treatment.
In addition, the preparation process is simple and efficient, the semi-solid isothermal treatment can effectively solve the problems of burning loss, oxidization, low recovery efficiency, environmental pollution and the like in the traditional remelting regeneration process of the waste aluminum alloy, can realize the efficient reuse of the waste aluminum alloy, and is suitable for large-scale production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings for a person having ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart provided in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of a compact provided by comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of an aluminum-based composite heat sink material provided in comparative example 1;
FIG. 4 is an SEM image of a compact provided by comparative example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an SEM image of an aluminum-based composite heat sink material according to comparative example 2;
FIG. 6 is an SEM image of a compact provided by comparative example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an SEM image of an aluminum-based composite heat sink material according to comparative example 3;
fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention in the channel pipe with minimum spacing;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention of the channel pipe at the maximum distance value;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the embodiment of the invention in which the state of FIG. 14 is restored to the state of FIG. 13;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the pushing member, the screen section and the scratch section provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a combination of a pushing member and a rotating disc according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the pushing member and the track plate according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of deformation of a channel tube at a maximum value of the distance provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a composite screen assembly; 11. cutting and rubbing parts; 12. a screen section; 2. a channel tube; 21. an elastic transition portion; 4. a rigid bone plate; 41. hooking feet; 5. a pushing member; 51. an elastic connection member; 6. a rotating disc; 61. a chute; 7. a push rod; 8. a track plate; 81. an arc-shaped protruding portion; 9. conveying the auger; 91. a scraper member; 100. installing a flange plate; 101. a support; 102. a base.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical scheme of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the modified heat dissipation material based on waste aluminum regulation comprises the following steps:
s01, crushing aluminum alloy scraps, or/and aluminum alloy waste or/and aluminum alloy leftover materials to prepare aluminum alloy scraps;
s02, inputting aluminum alloy scraps and carbon materials into a ball mill, and performing low-speed ball milling-high-energy ball milling processing to obtain composite particles;
s03, performing compression molding on the composite particles, wherein the compression temperature is room temperature, the compression pressure range is 300-500 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5min, so as to prepare compact-structure pressed blanks;
s04, performing semi-solid isothermal treatment on the pressed compact, wherein the heating rate is 15 ℃ per min, the isothermal temperature is 550-570 ℃, the isothermal time lasts for 30min, and then stopping heating, and then automatically discharging heat to room temperature and standing for 3h to prepare the aluminum-based composite heat dissipation material.
Further, the processing method of the ball mill in the step 2 for ball milling of aluminum alloy scraps and carbon materials comprises the following steps:
s21, mixing materials at the rotating speed of 150r/min and the mixing time of 20 min;
s22, after the material mixing is finished, the rotating speed is 150r/min, the ball milling time is 5h, the ball-material ratio is 30:1, and low-speed ball milling is carried out;
s23, after the low-speed ball milling is finished, the rotating speed is 1300r/min, the ball milling time is 0.5h, and the ball-material ratio is 30:1, and high-energy ball milling is carried out.
Next, the grades of the aluminum alloy scraps, aluminum alloy wastes, and scraps mentioned in step 1 in the above examples include 2024, 2a14, 3003, 5052, 5083, 6061, 6022, 6063, 7050.
The mechanical processing method adopted for preparing the aluminum alloy scraps can comprise mechanical ball milling and crushing, metal crusher crushing or dry turning and other processing equipment known to those skilled in the art, and detailed description is omitted.
Furthermore, steps 22 and 23 in the above embodiments need to be performed under a predetermined amount of argon gas.
Further, the carbon material in the step 2 comprises graphene or carbon nanotubes, and the mass fraction of the carbon material ranges from 1% to 5%.
The aluminum alloy composite heat dissipation material prepared by the technology has good heat conduction performance, graphene and carbon nano tubes have excellent heat conduction performance, heat can be rapidly transferred, the carbon material and waste aluminum alloy scraps are mixed and then subjected to long-time low-speed ball milling, the carbon material can be uniformly dispersed on the surface of the flaky aluminum alloy powder, then the short-time high-energy ball milling is adopted to enable the carbon material and the flaky aluminum alloy powder to perform cold welding, tight interface combination between the carbon material and the aluminum alloy is realized, plastic flow of aluminum can promote the carbon material to be further separated, good dispersibility is obtained, and meanwhile, the structural integrity of the carbon material is reserved to the greatest extent. The carbon material agglomerates existing in a small amount in the pressing process are elongated and broken along the extrusion direction, the dispersibility of the carbon material is obviously improved, and the heat dissipation performance of the composite material is obviously improved compared with that of aluminum alloy.
And secondly, the material also has high strength and good toughness, the damage to the carbon material structure caused by a long-time low-speed ball milling and short-time high-energy ball milling process is small, the reaction degree of the carbon material and aluminum is low, and the toughness of the aluminum alloy composite material can be effectively improved by means of grain refinement, dislocation density improvement and dispersion strengthening effect of a small amount of nano Al4C3 particles generated during semi-solid isothermal treatment.
In addition, the preparation process is simple and efficient, the semi-solid isothermal treatment can effectively solve the problems of burning loss, oxidization, low recovery efficiency, environmental pollution and the like in the traditional remelting regeneration process of the waste aluminum alloy, can realize the efficient reuse of the waste aluminum alloy, and is suitable for large-scale production.
Based on the detailed steps of the preparation process provided in the above example 1, composite materials prepared from different models of aluminum alloy scraps and different carbon materials of different qualities in the process were changed, and given evaluation was analyzed by performing experiments on a plurality of comparative composite materials:
comparative example 1
As can be seen in connection with fig. 2-5, the steps of this embodiment include:
s01, crushing 6061 aluminum alloy scraps to prepare aluminum alloy scraps;
s02, inputting aluminum alloy scraps and carbon nano tubes with the mass fraction of 4% into a ball mill, and completing the following steps:
s21, mixing materials at the rotating speed of 150r/min and the mixing time of 20 min;
s22, after the mixing is finished, the rotating speed is 150r/min, the ball milling time is 5h, the ball-material ratio is 30:1, and the low-speed ball milling is carried out under the protection of argon;
s23, after the low-speed ball milling is finished, the rotating speed is 1300r/min, the ball milling time is 0.5h, the ball-to-material ratio is 30:1, and high-energy ball milling is carried out under the protection of argon;
obtaining composite particles;
s03, performing compression molding on the composite particles, wherein the compression temperature is room temperature, the compression pressure range is 500MPa, and the dwell time is 5min, so as to prepare a compact structure (figure 2);
s04, performing semi-solid isothermal treatment on the pressed compact, wherein the heating rate is 15 ℃ per min, the isothermal temperature is 560 ℃, the isothermal time lasts for 30min, and then stopping heating, and then automatically discharging heat to room temperature and standing for 3h to prepare the aluminum-based composite heat dissipation material (figure 3).
Comparative example 2
As can be seen in connection with fig. 6-8, the steps of this embodiment include:
s01, crushing 2024 aluminum alloy scraps to prepare aluminum alloy scraps;
s02, inputting aluminum alloy scraps and carbon nano tubes with mass fraction of 3% into a ball mill, and completing the following steps:
s21, mixing materials at the rotating speed of 150r/min and the mixing time of 20 min;
s22, after the mixing is finished, the rotating speed is 150r/min, the ball milling time is 5h, the ball-material ratio is 30:1, and the low-speed ball milling is carried out under the protection of argon;
s23, after the low-speed ball milling is finished, the rotating speed is 1300r/min, the ball milling time is 0.5h, the ball-to-material ratio is 30:1, and high-energy ball milling is carried out under the protection of argon;
obtaining composite particles;
s03, performing compression molding on the composite particles, wherein the compression temperature is room temperature, the compression pressure range is 300MPa, and the dwell time is 5min, so as to prepare a compact structure (figure 4);
s04, performing semi-solid isothermal treatment on the pressed compact, wherein the heating rate is 15 ℃ per min, the isothermal temperature is 550 ℃, the isothermal time lasts for 30min, and then stopping heating, and then automatically discharging heat to room temperature and standing for 3h to prepare the aluminum-based composite heat dissipation material (figure 5).
Comparative example 3
As can be seen in connection with fig. 9-10, the steps of this embodiment include:
s01, crushing 5052 aluminum alloy scraps to prepare aluminum alloy scraps;
s02, inputting aluminum alloy scraps and graphene with mass fraction of 5% into a ball mill, and completing the following steps:
s21, mixing materials at the rotating speed of 150r/min and the mixing time of 20 min;
s22, after the mixing is finished, the rotating speed is 150r/min, the ball milling time is 5h, the ball-material ratio is 30:1, and the low-speed ball milling is carried out under the protection of argon;
s23, after the low-speed ball milling is finished, the rotating speed is 1300r/min, the ball milling time is 0.5h, the ball-to-material ratio is 30:1, and high-energy ball milling is carried out under the protection of argon;
obtaining composite particles;
s03, performing compression molding on the composite particles, wherein the compression temperature is room temperature, the compression pressure range is 400MPa, and the dwell time is 5min, so as to prepare a compact structure (figure 6);
s04, performing semi-solid isothermal treatment on the pressed compact, wherein the heating rate is 15 ℃ per min, the isothermal temperature is 550 ℃, the isothermal time lasts for 30min, and then stopping heating, and then automatically discharging heat to room temperature and standing for 3h to prepare the aluminum-based composite heat dissipation material (figure 7).
In summary, the microscopic differences of the compacts produced based on the above comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 are as follows:
| example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | |
| Microstructure state | Even tissue, with a few holes | Even tissue, and occasionally small number of holes | Is very compact, and is occasionally provided with a small number of holes |
The following table of microscopic and thermal conductivity differences for the composites prepared based on comparative example 1, comparative example 2, and comparative example 3 described above:
| example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | |
| Microstructure state | Uniform tissue | Uniform tissue | Uniform tissue |
| Thermal conductivity | 246 Wm-1K-1 | 248 Wm-1K-1 | 279 Wm-1K-1 |
It should be noted that the microstructure is observed by a microscope, and the thermal conductivity state is performed by a thermal conductivity test method known to those skilled in the art.
In combination with the above table, three different grades of aluminum alloys were selected for comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3, respectively, wherein:
the carbon materials in the comparative examples 1 and 2 are the same materials, and the mass fraction of the carbon material in the comparative example 1 is larger than that of the carbon material in the comparative example 2;
the carbon materials in comparative examples 2 and 3 were different materials, and the mass fraction of the carbon material in comparative example 3 was larger than that of the carbon material in comparative example 2.
When the mass fraction of the carbon material is 3% and 5%, the microstructure hole number change of the pressed compact is tiny, but the structure of the pressed compact is changed from uniform to compact, so that the mass fraction of the carbon material plays a key role in the pressed compact change, and no matter the graphene or the carbon nano tube is selected, the material of the carbon material and the material of the pressed compact change cannot be substantially influenced, and therefore, the two materials can be used.
The microscopic level of the composite material was unchanged, while the thermal conductivity was increased, and it was found by observation that the thermal conductivity of comparative example 2 was better than that of comparative example 1, but the thermal conductivity was slightly changed, with the same material, i.e., 4% by mass of the carbon material of comparative example 1 and 3% by mass of the carbon material of comparative example 2. But when the mass fraction of the carbon material is taken to be 5%, the thermal conductivity is most varied and the thermal conductivity is optimal as compared with comparative examples 1 and 2.
Therefore, the carbon material in the process provided by the invention can be graphene or carbon nano tube, but only when the mass fraction of the carbon material is 5%, the compression pressure range of the pressed compact is 400MPa, and the thermal conductivity effect of the aluminum-based composite heat dissipation material prepared at the isothermal temperature of 550 ℃ is optimal. And when the mass fraction of the carbon material is 4%, the heat conduction effect is weaker than that of the carbon material by 3%.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 8-16, a preparation device based on waste aluminum regulation and modification heat dissipation material is used for realizing the preparation method based on waste aluminum regulation and modification heat dissipation material described in the above embodiment 1, and the preparation device is composed of a ball mill, a pressure forming machine and a kiln, wherein:
the ball mill is arranged in the step 2 for execution;
the pressure forming machine is positioned in the step 3 for execution;
the kiln is positioned in the step 4 for execution;
all three devices belong to the existing devices, are known to the skilled person and are not described in detail.
In this embodiment, the ball mill is a key device in the preparation of the process, and in the ball milling process, a predetermined volume of liquid (clean water) needs to be injected, so that the aluminum alloy near the waste and the carbon material are fully mixed during grinding, meanwhile, the material with the grinding rule can be filtered and discharged through an iron filter screen on a discharge port of the ball mill by using the added liquid, and if the material does not meet the predetermined volume, the material is retained in the ball mill to be continuously ground. But a viscous fluid is formed after ball milling because of the added liquid. When viscous fluid is discharged through the iron filter screen, the viscous fluid can be adhered to the hollow holes of the iron filter screen to form a water film to block the hollow holes, and the use of the whole filter screen is not affected, but the sieving efficiency is affected.
As a technical means for solving the above problems, the present invention provides. As can be seen from fig. 8, the present apparatus is intended to provide a screening mechanism disposed on a discharge port of a ball mill;
the screening mechanism at least comprises a composite filter screen assembly 1, which comprises a scraping part 11 and a screening part 12, and a preset interval is kept between the two parts;
a channel pipe 2 with two ends respectively communicated with the engraving holes on the scraping part 11 and the screening part 12 is arranged in the interval;
the inner walls of the channel pipes 2 are distributed in a step-like manner, and the diameters of the inner walls of each step of the scraping and rubbing part 11 are gradually increased from the screen part 12.
Specifically, the screening mechanism in the embodiment further includes a mounting flange 100, the inner wall of the mounting flange 100 is rotatably provided with a sliding guide sleeve, one end of the sliding guide sleeve facing the inside of the ball mill is provided with a supporting member 101 welded in a circumferential array, first ends of the supporting members 101 are welded with a base 102 arranged in parallel with the mounting flange 100, the screening portion 12 in the above embodiment is mounted on the supporting member 101 by means of welding and a screw fixing plate, and two ends of the screening portion 12 are respectively located in grooves formed in the sliding guide sleeve and the base 102.
Further, the screening mechanism in the embodiment further includes a scraper member 91, the scraper member 91 is mounted on the first end of the conveying auger 9 which is rotatably disposed at the discharge port of the ball mill in a manner of welding or bolting, and when the conveying auger 9 is driven to rotate, the synchronous scraper member 91 scrapes the surface of the scraping portion 11, in this manner, the viscous fluid discharged from the screening portion 12 through the scraping portion 11 is scraped. The rotation speed of the conveying auger 9 is lower than the rotation speed of the base 102, and the driving base 102 and the conveying auger 9 are connected through a belt or a synchronous belt in a transmission manner by motor driving, which belongs to the common knowledge and is not described in detail.
It should be noted that, in the above embodiment, the screen portion 12 and the rubbing portion 11 are all provided with the engraved holes arranged in a circumferential arrangement, because the predetermined distance is kept between the screen portion 12 and the rubbing portion 11, and the channel tube 2 is disposed in the distance, the first end is connected with the engraved holes on the rubbing portion 11, and the second end is connected with the engraved holes of the screen portion 12.
Further, because the inner wall of the channel pipe 2 is in a step-like distribution, the diameter of each step of the inner wall increases gradually from the second end to the first end (the second end is the end connected with the screen portion 12, and the first end is the end connected with the rubbing portion 11), when the viscous fluid floods into the channel pipe 2, along with the flooding of the viscous fluid, the tension area is continuously stretched, so that the viscous fluid actively moves forward under the action of the shearing force and the tension, namely, passes through the channel pipe 2. The shear force is a force generated by direct contact between the channel surface and water, the surface tension is a force caused by intermolecular force on the surface of the water film, and the two physical phenomena act together, so that the viscous fluid moves forward under the action of the shear force and the surface tension generated by the water film and is scraped by the rotating scraper member 91, thereby avoiding that the viscous fluid cannot pass through the hollow hole because of blocking due to the tension of the liquid after the viscous fluid passes through the hollow hole.
As an embodiment provided by the invention, an elastic transition part 21 is arranged between every two adjacent steps of the channel pipe 2; and the lengths of the elastic transition parts 21 from the screen part 12 to the scraping part 11 decrease.
Specifically, the elastic transition portion 21 in the above embodiment is actually a connection portion of each step in the above embodiment, and the cross section of the elastic transition portion is an arc structure, where a first end of the arc structure is a narrow opening, and a second end of the arc structure is a wide opening. The narrow opening is connected with the current step, while the next step is connected with the wide opening, as can be seen in connection with fig. 10.
When the water film formed by the viscous fluid passes through the elastic transition portion 21, the movement speed is increased due to the curvature of the elastic transition portion 21. As can be seen in connection with fig. 10, the elastic transition portion 21 is provided with at least three sections, and the length thereof decreases from the second end to the first end of the channel tube 2. When the water flows from the screen 12 to the scraping and rubbing part 11, the passing speed of each elastic transition part 21 is different, namely the accelerating passing time is shortened, and the water film is under the action of the tension and the shearing force when passing because of the increase of the change of curvature, and the speed of the water film passing through the elastic transition part 21 is changed into the accelerating process, so that the suction capacity is enhanced.
As still another embodiment provided by the present invention, at least four rigid bone plates 4 are provided in the channel tube 2, and one end of the rigid bone plate 4 located in the elastic transition portion 21 is curved.
Specifically, the rigid bone plate 4 is used to maintain the shape of the channel tube 2 in the above embodiment, and the bending may be z-shaped or arc-shaped, so as to maintain the shape of the elastic transition portion 21.
In the above embodiment, the purpose of adding the rigid bone plate 4 and bending one end of the rigid bone plate located in the elastic transition portion 21 is to provide a technical purpose, and as can be seen from fig. 13, the embodiment further includes a pushing member 5 slidably disposed in the space and connected to the screen portion 12 toward the rubbing portion 11 through elastic connecting members 51 symmetrically disposed thereon, and the pushing member is located at two end positions of the sliding stroke, so that the distance between the screen portion 12 and the rubbing portion 11 has a minimum value and a maximum value, and the length of the channel tube 2 varies synchronously with the variation of the distance.
Further, as shown in fig. 13, the elastic connecting member 51 has an arc structure, and the included angle between the elastic connecting member 51 and the pushing member 5 in the default state is the smallest, i.e. the distance between the screen portion 12 and the rubbing portion 11 is the smallest. The scraping and rubbing part 11 is slidingly assembled in the sliding guide sleeve and is matched with the sliding process through a key groove, so that the rotation behavior of the sliding guide sleeve is prevented.
When the first end of the pushing member 5 is stressed and the second end of the pushing member 5 moves towards the inside of the mounting hole formed in the base 102, the included angle between the elastic connecting member 51 and the pushing member 5 increases, that is, the distance between the screen portion 12 and the rubbing portion 11 is at the maximum value, and the bent portion of the rigid bone plate 4 is pulled because the end of the rigid bone plate 4 located in the elastic transition portion 21 is bent, so that the length of the channel tube 2 is increased. Under the tension of the water film, a traction effect is generated, and viscous fluid on one side of the screen part 12 facing the ball mill is sucked into the ball mill through the engraved holes. Since the internal pressure of the ball mill is greater than the external pressure because the liquid needs to be fed into the ball mill far from time to time, the above-mentioned suction effect occurs when the length of the channel pipe 2 increases. Then, when the first end of the pushing member 5 is forced to be withdrawn, the included angle between the elastic connecting member 51 and the pushing member 5 is returned to the minimum under the action of the elastic connecting member 51, i.e. the distance between the screen portion 12 and the rubbing portion 11 is returned to the minimum.
Because viscous fluid actively moves forward under the action of both shearing force and tension, and the internal pressure of the ball mill is higher than the external pressure, when the distance between the screen part 12 and the rubbing part 11 returns to the minimum value, the viscous fluid surges to one side of the rubbing part 11.
Further, as can be seen from fig. 15, in this embodiment, the inner wall of the mounting flange 100 is welded with a track plate 8, the first end of the pushing member 5 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the track plate 8, and the inner wall of the track plate 8 is provided with arc-shaped protrusions 81 arranged in a circumferential array. Because the pushing member 5 is pushed to the outside of the base 102 when the angle between the elastic connecting member 51 and the pushing member 5 is minimized, the pushing member 5 is pushed against the track plate 8. When the base 102 is driven to rotate, the pushing member 5 slides along with the arc-shaped protruding portion 81, and slides toward the axis of the base 102, i.e. the included angle between the elastic connecting member 51 and the pushing member 5 increases, i.e. the distance between the screen portion 12 and the rubbing portion 11 is at a maximum value.
It should be noted that, in the above embodiment, the screen portion 12 is fixed on the supporting member 101, and the scraping portion 11 is slidably disposed on the sliding guide sleeve, and the pushing member 5 is slidably disposed on the second side surface of the screen portion 12, so when the pushing member 5 slides toward the base 102 side due to the arc-shaped protruding portion 81, the scraping portion 11 is far away from or near to the screen portion 12.
As the optimal embodiment provided by the invention, the rotating disk 6 is rotatably arranged on the scraping part 11, and the rotating disk 6 is provided with the chute 61 which is in sliding fit with the first end of the rigid bone plate 4;
and when the spacing is at the maximum value, the rotary disk 6 rotates to guide the first end to slide to the other end of the chute 61, so that the channel pipe 2 exists simultaneously in the following two states, namely, as shown in fig. 16:
in the first state, the inner wall forms a spiral channel due to the twisted rigid bone plate 4;
in the second state, the radius increases toward one end of the scratch 11.
Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 14, a jack is eccentrically formed on the rotating disc 6, and a push rod 7 is rotatably disposed on the pushing member 5, and a first end of the push rod 7 is assembled with the jack in a plugging manner.
Further, the rotating disc 6 is mounted on each engraved hole on the scraping portion 11 and is in a coaxial relationship with the engraved hole. The diameter of the inner diameter of the rotary disk 6 is larger than the diameter of the first end of the channel tube 2 (the left side port in this state based on the position shown in fig. 11), and the first end of the channel tube 2 is connected to the elastic web having a circular truncated cone-shaped inner diameter through cross section of the rotary disk 6.
In the embodiment, when the base 102 rotates, because the composite screen assembly 1 is fixed on the base 102, the composite screen assembly 1 also rotates synchronously. The pushing members 5 in the rotating state are sequentially pushed against the track plate 8 and the arc-shaped protruding portion 81, that is, the first end of the pushing member 5 is stressed, so that when the second end of the pushing member 5 moves towards the mounting hole formed in the base 102, the included angle between the elastic connecting member 51 and the pushing member 5 is increased, that is, the distance between the screen portion 12 and the rubbing portion 11 is at the maximum value, and because one end of the rigid bone plate 4 located in the elastic transition portion 21 is in a curved shape, the curved portion of the rigid bone plate 4 is pulled, so that the length of the channel tube 2 is increased. Thereby creating a pulling effect, i.e. the viscous fluid of the screen section 12 towards the ball mill side is sucked in through the engraved holes.
Meanwhile, in the process that the second end of the pushing member 5 moves toward the mounting hole formed in the base 102, the push rod 7 pushes the rotary disk 6 to rotate by a predetermined angle, and in the rotating process, the hook 41 arranged at the end of the rigid bone plate 4 slides to the other end along the chute 61 and then stops, and in the process, the radius of one end toward the scratch 11 is increased, namely, in the second state, namely, as shown by solid lines in fig. 11 and 16. When the other end of the sliding chute 61 of the hook leg 41 is stopped, the inner wall is formed into a spiral passage by the twisted rigid bone plate 4 as the rotating disk 6 rotates, i.e., the broken line twist shown in fig. 16. Under the combined action of shear force and surface tension generated by the water film, the water film is deformed and moves along with the movement of the spiral channel, namely, fig. 16. And then through the elastic transition portion 21, the speed becomes acceleration, thereby enhancing the suction capability. Then when the distance between the screen part 12 and the rubbing part 11 returns to the minimum value, the water film is made to surge and bulge on one side of the rubbing part 11, namely, fig. 12.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that modifications may be made to the described embodiments in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive of the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the modified heat dissipation material based on waste aluminum regulation is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s01, crushing aluminum alloy scraps, or/and aluminum alloy waste or/and aluminum alloy leftover materials to prepare aluminum alloy scraps;
s02, inputting the aluminum alloy scraps and the carbon materials into a ball mill, and performing low-speed ball milling-high-energy ball milling processing to obtain composite particles;
s03, performing compression molding on the composite particles, wherein the compression temperature is room temperature, the compression pressure range is 300-500 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5min, so as to prepare compact-structure pressed blanks;
s04, performing semi-solid isothermal treatment on the pressed compact, wherein the heating rate is 15 ℃ per min, the isothermal temperature is 550-570 ℃, the isothermal time lasts for 30min, and then stopping heating, and then automatically discharging heat to room temperature and standing for 3h to prepare the aluminum-based composite heat dissipation material.
2. The method for preparing the modified heat dissipation material based on scrap aluminum regulation and control according to claim 1, wherein the treatment method for ball milling the aluminum alloy scraps and the carbon material by the ball mill in the step 2 comprises the following steps:
s21, mixing materials at the rotating speed of 150r/min and the mixing time of 20 min;
s22, after the material mixing is finished, the rotating speed is 150r/min, the ball milling time is 5h, the ball-material ratio is 30:1, and low-speed ball milling is carried out;
s23, after the low-speed ball milling is finished, the rotating speed is 1300r/min, the ball milling time is 0.5h, and the ball-material ratio is 30:1, and high-energy ball milling is carried out.
3. The preparation device based on the waste aluminum regulation modified heat dissipation material is used for realizing the preparation method based on the waste aluminum regulation modified heat dissipation material according to any one of claims 1-2, and comprises a ball mill, a pressure forming machine and a kiln, and is characterized by further comprising a screening mechanism arranged on a discharge port of the ball mill;
the screening mechanism at least comprises a composite filter screen assembly (1), and comprises a scraping part (11) and a screening part (12), wherein a preset interval is kept between the scraping part and the screening part;
a channel pipe (2) with two ends respectively communicated with the scraping part (11) and the engraving hole on the screen part (12) is arranged in the interval;
the inner walls of the channel pipes (2) are distributed in a step-like manner, and the diameter of each step of inner wall of the scraping and rubbing part (11) is gradually increased from the screen part (12).
4. A device for preparing a modified heat-dissipating material based on scrap aluminum regulation according to claim 3, characterized in that an elastic transition part (21) is arranged between every two adjacent steps of the channel pipe (2);
and the lengths of the elastic transition parts (21) are gradually reduced from the screen part (12) to the scraping part (11).
5. The preparation device based on the aluminum scrap regulation and modification heat dissipation material according to claim 3, wherein at least four rigid bone plates (4) are arranged in the channel tube (2), and one end of the rigid bone plate (4) positioned in the elastic transition portion (21) is in a bent shape.
6. The preparation device based on the scrap aluminum regulation and modification heat dissipation material according to claim 3, further comprising a pushing piece (5) which is arranged in the interval in a sliding manner and is connected with the screen part (12) to the scraping part (11) through elastic connecting pieces (51) which are symmetrically arranged on the pushing piece, wherein the pushing piece is positioned at two end positions of the sliding stroke of the pushing piece, so that the distance between the screen part (12) and the scraping part (11) has a minimum value and a maximum value, and the channel pipe (2) is synchronous with the change of the distance.
7. The preparation device of the modified heat dissipation material based on scrap aluminum regulation according to claim 6, further comprising a fixedly arranged track plate (8), wherein the first end of the pushing piece (5) is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the track plate (8);
the inner wall of the track plate (8) is provided with arc-shaped protruding parts (81) which are arranged in a circumferential array.
8. The preparation device based on the scrap aluminum regulation and control modified heat dissipation material according to claim 6, wherein a rotating disc (6) is rotatably arranged on the scraping part (11), and a chute (61) which is in sliding fit with the first end of the rigid bone plate (4) is arranged on the rotating disc (6);
and when the distance is at the maximum value, the rotary disk (6) rotates to guide the first end to slide to the other end of the chute (61), so that the channel pipe (2) simultaneously exists in the following two states:
in a first state, the inner wall forms a spiral channel due to the twisted rigid bone plate (4);
in the second state, the radius increases toward one end of the scratch (11).
9. The preparation device of the modified heat dissipation material based on waste aluminum regulation according to claim 8, wherein a push rod (7) which is obliquely arranged is movably arranged between the rotating disc (6) and the pushing piece (5).
10. A device for preparing a modified heat-dissipating material based on scrap aluminum regulation as claimed in claim 3, further comprising a conveying auger (9) driven to rotate, wherein one end of the conveying auger is fixedly provided with a scraper member (91) attached to the first side surface of the scraping portion (11).
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| CN206996063U (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2018-02-13 | 湖南绅泰春药业有限公司 | Anti-clogging extractor |
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