CN117602822A - High-transmittance and high-gamma ray shielding glass and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
High-transmittance and high-gamma ray shielding glass and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 196
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 title abstract description 73
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005865 ionizing radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 abstract description 48
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000008395 clarifying agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- GOLCXWYRSKYTSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic trioxide Inorganic materials O1[As]2O[As]1O2 GOLCXWYRSKYTSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960002594 arsenic trioxide Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- KTTMEOWBIWLMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diarsenic trioxide Chemical compound O1[As](O2)O[As]3O[As]1O[As]2O3 KTTMEOWBIWLMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000156 glass melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007496 glass forming Methods 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 oxygen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005382 thermal cycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003439 heavy metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005355 lead glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013081 microcrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
- C03C3/07—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing lead
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/102—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing lead
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
- C03C4/0092—Compositions for glass with special properties for glass with improved high visible transmittance, e.g. extra-clear glass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
- G21F1/06—Ceramics; Glasses; Refractories
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides high-transmittance strong gamma ray shielding glass, and a preparation method and application thereof. The glass material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 38‑42%；PbO49%‑55%；K 2 O5%‑8%；Na 2 0% -4% of O; baO 0-0.4%; and a total of 0.6% -0.78% As 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 . The glass material has excellent gamma ray protection capability while maintaining high optical transmittance, has good stability and workability, can realize large-size production, and is suitable for the fields requiring radiation shielding, such as medical treatment, industry, research and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a special glass material, in particular to high-transmittance strong gamma ray shielding glass and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Any discussion of the prior art throughout the specification should in no way be considered as an admission that such prior art is widely known or forms part of common general knowledge in the field.
Currently, with the rapid development of nuclear science and technology, gamma rays are widely used in medical, scientific and industrial fields such as medical treatment diagnosis, element nondestructive analysis, nondestructive evaluation of metal pipe welds, and sterilization treatment. However, as a high-energy electromagnetic radiation, gamma rays themselves also present risks of radiation hazard and environmental pollution, such as the possibility of causing body mutation and even death if living tissue is exposed to highly penetrating gamma rays for a long period of time without effective protection. Therefore, in order to safely and effectively utilize gamma rays in various fields, the development of high-performance shielding materials is critical for protecting human health and environmental safety.
The radiation shielding materials used in the early days were mostly concrete and some construction materials, which are cheaper and easy to construct while ensuring good shielding effect. However, the protection effect of common concrete is limited, researches show that the concrete can generate cracks after being exposed to nuclear radiation for a long time, moisture can infiltrate into the concrete due to the existence of the cracks, the density and the structural strength of the concrete are reduced, the composition of the concrete can also be changed considerably, uncertainty is brought to design and calculation, in addition, once the concrete is cast and molded, the internal radiation condition of the concrete is difficult to observe, the application scene range of the concrete is greatly limited, glass is taken as a traditional window material, the glass has higher transmittance in the visible light range, and the concrete is widely focused by researchers by virtue of unique chemical and physical advantages. Among them, lead-based radiation shielding materials are widely used in the field of ionizing radiation protection due to their good physical properties. In the nuclear industry and in high energy physics laboratories, temporary or permanent shielding can be performed using different materials such as lead-impregnated rubber, lead glass, and lead-polyethylene-boron mixtures. The lead-based glass doped with the heavy metal oxide PbO is widely used in the radiation shielding field for a long time, and the light transmittance of the glass greatly facilitates the observation and monitoring of a radiation area, so that the glass is a radiation protection window material with excellent performance. In order to enable the glass to have good shielding performance, the PbO content in the glass is gradually increased, but on one hand, the expansion coefficient of the glass is increased and the thermal stability is reduced due to the fact that the PbO content is too high, on the other hand, the color of the glass is yellow, the transmittance in a visible light region is seriously affected, and in addition, the transparency in a long-term use process is more difficult to ensure due to the fact that the chemical stability of the glass is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the glass material which can maintain high optical transmittance and simultaneously provide excellent gamma ray protection capability, effectively overcomes the limitation of the traditional protective glass between light transmittance and shielding capability, ensures the stability and easy processing property of the glass material, can realize large-size production, realizes technical breakthrough in the field of gamma ray protective glass, is suitable for the fields requiring radiation shielding such as medical treatment, industry and research, and is particularly suitable for various gamma radiation scenes with higher requirements on light transmittance.
Specifically, the invention provides the following technical scheme.
In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a glass material comprising the following mass percentIs composed of the following components: siO (SiO) 2 38%-42%；PbO49%-55%；K 2 O5%-8%；Na 2 0% -4% of O; baO 0-0.4%; and a total of 0.6% -0.78% As 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 。
There are often contradictions between improving the gamma ray shielding rate, optical transmittance and stability of the glass, and glass with high shielding rate usually contains high concentration of lead or other high atomic number elements, which can effectively absorb gamma rays, but also significantly reduce the light transmittance of the glass, increase the expansion coefficient of the glass, reduce the thermal stability, and further increase the thickness or density of the glass, which is required to further reduce the light transmittance, in order to improve the shielding rate. The invention solves the contradiction well, the glass material provided by the invention has good optical transmittance, thermal stability and shielding capability for gamma rays, is easy to process and can realize large-size production, the maximum transmittance is more than or equal to 90 percent, the minimum transmittance is more than or equal to 64 percent in the visible light wavelength range of 350-900nm, the maximum transmittance is more than or equal to 90 percent, the minimum transmittance is more than or equal to 87 percent in the visible light range of 400-800nm, and the thermal expansion coefficient is (90-96) multiplied by 10 at 30-300 DEG C -7 Temperature at/DEG C, softening point (flow point) temperature T f Not less than 500 ℃ and the thickness is 50mm 60 The Co gamma ray shielding rate is 50% or more.
For example, in one embodiment of the invention, the glass material is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 38-42%；PbO 49%-55%；K 2 O5%-8%；Na 2 0% -4% of O; baO 0-0.4%; 0.6% -0.78% of As in total 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The sum of the mass percentages of all the components is 100 percent.
In these embodiments of the invention, siO 2 Is a glass-forming oxide, is a main body of a glass-forming skeleton, and is a component that plays a main role in the glass skeleton. When the silicon dioxide content is higher, the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass can be reduced, the thermal stability, chemical stability, softening temperature, heat resistance, hardness, mechanical strength and the like of the glass are improved, but the melting point of the glass is also increased, and the glass is improvedThe viscosity of glass melted at high temperature causes difficulty in melting. For example, in some embodiments, siO in the glass material composition of the present invention 2 The content of the glass is increased to more than 42 percent by mass, the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass is obviously reduced, the processing difficulty is increased, and stress is easily generated in the material, so that the structure of the glass is uneven. Although SiO is reduced 2 The content of (C) may reduce internal stress due to non-uniform thermal expansion, improving workability, but may also sacrifice other key properties such as thermal stability and chemical stability, for example, in some embodiments, siO in the glass material composition of the present invention 2 The reduction of the content to less than 38% by mass in turn leads to a significant increase in the coefficient of thermal expansion and makes the glass more susceptible to breakage during thermal cycling, in particular on rapid temperature changes, leading to a decrease in thermal stability and to a decrease in softening temperature of the glass, thus limiting the use of the glass in high temperature environments. In order to well balance the above problems, in an embodiment of the present invention, siO 2 The mass percentage of (a) is 38% -42%, more preferably 39% -41%, and still more preferably 40% -41%.
In these embodiments of the invention, pbO is an off-network oxide of the glass, and PbO will typically abstract oxygen ions in the Si-O network in the glass, causing Si-O network breakage and forming non-bridging oxygen, which can increase the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass sample, lower the melting temperature, and increase the shielding ability and refractive index of the glass to gamma rays, but also increase the stress and risk of breakage of the glass upon temperature changes, and decrease chemical stability when the PbO content is higher. For example, in some embodiments, increasing the PbO content of the glass material compositions of the present invention to a mass percent greater than 55% increases the coefficient of thermal expansion of the glass significantly, and the softening point temperature decreases significantly, which, while making the glass easier to melt and process at low temperatures, also results in increased stress and susceptibility to breakage and reduced erosion resistance of the material as the temperature changes, and in particular, such glass is more prone to absorb certain wavelengths of ultraviolet and visible light and produce dispersive effects, severely affecting the light transmittance and optical clarity, making the glass material yellow. Although reducing the PbO content can reduce the thermal expansion coefficient and improve the chemical stability, the thermal compatibility problem when being combined with other materials can be generated, and particularly the shielding capability of the glass to gamma rays can be reduced and the density of the glass can be reduced. For example, in some embodiments, reducing the PbO content of the glass material compositions of the present invention to less than 49% by mass results in a significant reduction in the coefficient of thermal expansion, but also a significant reduction in the ability to shield gamma rays. In order to ensure sufficient shielding ability against gamma rays while considering environmental safety, processing requirements, and minimizing influence on optical properties, in the embodiment of the present invention, the PbO content is 49% to 55% by mass, preferably 49% to 53% by mass, more preferably 49% to 52% by mass, and still more preferably 49% to 51% by mass.
In particular, in the above embodiment of the present invention, in the glass material, siO 2 And PbO content of not more than 93%, preferably 89% -93%, more preferably 89% -92%.
In these embodiments of the invention, na 2 O and K 2 O is the network external oxide of the glass, the two alkali metal ions are easy to move and diffuse in the glass body, and proper use can reduce the viscosity of the glass which is melted at high temperature, so that the glass is easy to melt, and the function of a fluxing agent can be realized. In the present invention, the inventors have also found that Na 2 O and K 2 Too high an O content can reduce the chemical stability, thermal stability and mechanical strength of the glass, increase the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass, easily cause more stress on the glass under temperature fluctuation, affect the optical properties such as light transmittance and optical uniformity, and possibly dilute the concentration of high atomic number elements in the glass, and reduce the shielding effectiveness. In order to better balance the above properties, a glass material having more excellent overall properties is obtained, in an embodiment of the present invention, K 2 The mass percentage of O is 5% -8%, preferably 6% -6.8%, more preferably 6% -6.7%; na (Na) 2 The mass percentage of O is 0% -4%, preferably 0.5% -4% or 0-3.5% or 0-1.3%, preferably 0.6% -4% or 0-1%, further preferably 1% -4% or 0-0.6%, further preferably 1.3% -3.5%Or 0.
In particular, in the above embodiment of the present invention, in the glass material, K 2 O and Na 2 The mass percentage ratio of O is 1.5-15:1, preferably 1.5-11:1, more preferably 1.9-5:1, and even more preferably 1.9-4.7:1.
In particular, in the above embodiment of the present invention, in the glass material, K 2 O and Na 2 The sum of the O content is 6% to 10.2%, preferably 7.3% to 10.2%.
In these embodiments of the invention, baO is a network exo-oxide of glass that can affect the refractive index, density, gloss, and chemical stability of the glass. In the present invention, the inventors have found that too high a BaO content may lead to an increase in the coefficient of thermal expansion, which may cause more internal stress during thermal cycling or temperature fluctuations, increasing the risk of glass breakage, and that too high a BaO content may also alter the characteristics of the glass melting process, including melting point and viscosity, thereby affecting the processing and shaping process. In an embodiment of the present invention, the content of BaO may be 0 to 0.4% by mass, preferably, the content of BaO is 0 to 0.2% by mass, wherein the content of BaO may be 0; further preferably, the content of BaO is 0.02% to 0.2%, more preferably 0.1% to 0.2%. The inclusion of such amounts of BaO, in combination with other components of the present invention, helps to improve the refractive index of the glass, increase the density, gloss and chemical stability of the glass, and also helps to improve the shielding ability from gamma rays, as well as to accelerate the melting of the glass.
In an embodiment of the present invention, by controlling SiO 2 、PbO、Na 2 O、K 2 The O content is in the range of the invention, which helps to balance the melting characteristics of the glass, including melting temperature, viscosity and thermal expansion coefficient, so that the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass material of the invention at 30-300 ℃ can be maintained at (90-98). Times.10 -7 Within the range of/. Degree.C (inclusive), softening point temperature T f Not less than 500 ℃ and makes the glass easier to process and shape.
In an embodiment of the present invention, by controlling SiO 2 、Na 2 O、K 2 Containing O and BaOThe amount is within the content range of the invention, which is helpful for improving the chemical stability, the thermal stability and the mechanical strength of the glass material, improving the refractive index of the glass and optimizing the processing performance.
In the embodiment of the invention, the glass material also comprises a clarifying agent, and the clarifying agent has reversible property, so that on one hand, the use of the clarifying agent is helpful for eliminating bubbles in glass melt and improving the clarity of glass, on the other hand, the solubility of the clarifying agent is often lower, if the clarifying agent cannot be completely dissolved, the clarifying agent can remain in the glass as impurities to influence the performance of the glass, and particularly when the clarifying agent is used in an improper amount, microcrystals can be formed, the glass is emulsified, the clarity of the glass is reduced, and the mechanical strength of the glass is reduced, so that the glass is easy to break. In the present invention, as is simultaneously introduced 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 The combined use of the two materials is different from other clarifying agents (such as nitrate, such as sodium nitrate, chloride, such as sodium chloride, sulfate, such as sodium sulfate, fluoride, such as calcium fluoride, oxide, such as cerium oxide, manganese oxide, tin oxide and the like) or other combined use modes, so that bubbles in the glass melt can be eliminated, a clarifying effect can be achieved, secondary small bubbles can be prevented, rising and elimination of bubbles in the glass melt are facilitated, the glass is more uniform and has improved transparency, and the combined use of the two materials enables the distribution of elements such as lead, barium and the like in the glass material to be more uniform, is beneficial to structural integrity, reduces defects and reduces problems in the forming process, and is critical to ensuring uniform shielding gamma rays of the glass in the whole volume. In an embodiment of the invention, as 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 The sum of the mass percentages of (a) is 0.6% -0.78%, more preferably 0.6%. Further preferably, in the above embodiment of the present invention, in the glass material, as 2 O 3 0.4-0.52%, preferably 0.4%, by mass of Sb 2 O 3 The mass percentage of (C) is 0.2% -0.26%, preferably 0.2%.
In particular, in the above-described embodiments of the present inventionIn the glass material, as 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 The sum of the contents of (2) is less than one tenth of K 2 O and Na 2 Sum of O content, and As 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 The ratio of the contents of (2).
In an embodiment of the present invention, by controlling PbO, baO, as 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 The content of the glass material is within the content range of the invention, which is favorable for having excellent optical transmittance under the good shielding effect on gamma rays, so that the glass material has the maximum transmittance of more than or equal to 90.4 percent in the visible light wavelength range of 350-900nm, the minimum transmittance of more than or equal to 64.5 percent, the maximum transmittance of more than or equal to 90.3 percent in the visible light range of 400-800nm, the minimum transmittance of more than or equal to 87.6 percent and the glass material has the thickness of 50mm 60 The Co gamma ray shielding rate is 50% or more.
Thus, in some embodiments of the invention, the glass material consists of the following components in mass percent: siO (SiO) 2 39%-41%；PbO49%-53%；K 2 O6%-6.8%；Na 2 0.6% -4% of O; baO 0-0.2%; 0.6% -0.78% of As in total 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The sum of the contents of all the components is 100%.
Or the glass material is further composed of the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 39%-41%；PbO49%-52%；K 2 O6%-6.7%；Na 2 O1-4%; baO 0.02-0.2%; 0.6% -0.78% of As in total 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The sum of the contents of all the components is 100%.
Or the glass material is further composed of the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 40%-41%；PbO49%-52%；K 2 O6%-6.7%；Na 2 O1.3% -3.5%; baO 0.1-0.2%; 0.6% -0.78% of As in total 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The sum of the contents of all the components is 100%.
Or the glass material is further composed of the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 40%-41%；PbO49%-51%；K 2 O6%-6.7%；Na 2 O1.3% -3.5%; baO 0.1-0.2%; 0.6% -0.78% of As in total 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The sum of the contents of all the components is 100%;
or the glass material is further composed of the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 40%-41%；PbO49%-51%；K 2 6% -6.7% of O; baO 0.1-0.2%; 0.6% -0.78% of As in total 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The sum of the contents of all the components is 100%.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of preparing a glass material as described in the first aspect above, comprising: mixing the raw materials in proportion, and uniformly mixing;
melting the mixture at 1300-1400 deg.C, and stirring;
and then clarifying at high temperature, and performing leakage molding to obtain the glass product.
In one embodiment of the invention, the melting time is 10-12 hours.
In one embodiment of the invention, the stirring speed is 10-30r/min and the stirring time is 6-12h when the mixture raw materials are melted.
In one embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the lost-molding is 950-1050 ℃ and the molding time is 10-25min.
In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an ionizing radiation shielding material comprising or made of the glass material described in the first aspect above.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ionizing radiation shielding material is a gamma ray shielding material having a high transmittance.
In a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical element comprising or made of the glass material described in the first aspect above.
In a fifth aspect of the invention there is provided the use of a glass material as described in the first aspect above in the field of ionizing radiation shielding.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ionizing radiation is gamma rays, particularly strong gamma rays.
In a sixth aspect of the invention there is provided the use of a glass material as described in the first aspect above in the optical field.
In some embodiments of the invention, the application in the optical field is the use of the glass material as a component in an optical system. The optical system refers in particular to an optical system used in an environment of ionizing radiation, in particular an optical system used in an environment of gamma ray exposure.
The specific features described in the above embodiments of the present invention may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described further.
The numerical ranges recited herein include all numbers within the range and include any two values within the range, unless specifically stated otherwise. For example, 0-0.2%, which includes all values between 0-0.2% (inclusive) (e.g., 0, 0.01%, 0.02%, etc.), and which includes any two values (e.g., 0.1%, 0.2%) within the range (0.1% -0.2%); the different values of the same index appearing in all embodiments of the invention can be combined arbitrarily to form a range value.
Through one or more of the above technical means, the following beneficial effects can be achieved:
the invention provides a glass material which has optimized light transmission property and gamma ray shielding capacity, and achieves the synergistic effect of high optical transmittance and shielding capacity. In addition, the material is compounded in chemical composition, so that the material is ensured to exhibit excellent stability and processability under wide environmental conditions, and is convenient for cutting, forming and heat treatment in the manufacturing process. Therefore, the glass material provided by the invention can provide necessary gamma ray protection effect, does not sacrifice light transmittance and processing convenience, and is suitable for the fields requiring radiation shielding, such as medical treatment, industry, research and the like.
The glass material provided by the invention has the maximum transmittance of more than or equal to 90.4 percent in the visible light wavelength range of 350-900nm, the minimum transmittance of more than or equal to 64.5 percent, and the maximum transmittance of more than or equal to 90.3 percent and the minimum transmittance of more than or equal to 87.6 percent in the visible light range of 400-800nm, and the parameters indicate that the glass material has excellent transmittance in the visible light range and ensures the convenience of observation and use in the visible light range.
The glass material provided by the invention has a thickness of 50mm 60 The shielding rate of Co gamma ray can reach 50% or above, and the thermal expansion coefficient at 30-300 ℃ is (90-96) x 10 -7 Temperature at T f The glass material has good chemical stability, thermal stability and mechanical strength, the good thermal stability ensures that the glass material has good thermal compatibility when being matched with other components of shielding facilities so as to prevent dimensional change and damage caused by temperature difference, and good mechanical strength and heat resistance can keep the structural integrity of the glass in gamma radiation scene (possibly accompanied by high temperature), and is beneficial to processing and large-size production.
The average transmittance of the existing gamma ray shielding glass is not high in the visible light wavelength range of 400-800nm, and the high-transmittance strong gamma ray shielding glass is prepared by selecting and adjusting the types and the proportion of raw materials and clarifying agents.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation to the application. Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a graph showing transmittance in the range of 350 to 1000nm of comparative example 4 and example 5.
FIG. 2 is a physical view of the large-size high-transmittance strong gamma-ray shielding glass (300X 50 mm) of example 5.
Detailed Description
The present application is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are illustrative only of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The experimental procedures, which do not address the specific conditions in the examples below, are generally carried out under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The reagents or materials used in this application are all commercially available in conventional manners, and unless specifically indicated otherwise, are all used in conventional manners in the art or according to the product specifications. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the methods of the present application. The preferred methods and materials described herein are presented for illustrative purposes only.
Example 1
The components and mass percentages of the components of the glass of this example and the physical properties of the glass obtained are shown in Table 1.
The preparation method of the high-transmittance strong gamma ray shielding glass comprises the following steps: quartz sand, lead silicate sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate and barium carbonate are used as raw materials, white arsenic and antimony powder are added, the weight of the white arsenic and the antimony powder accounts for 0.75% of the weight of the high-transmittance strong gamma ray shielding glass, after the white arsenic and the antimony powder are fully mixed, the white arsenic and the high-transmittance strong gamma ray shielding glass are melted at a high temperature of 1300 ℃ for 10 hours, mechanically stirred (10 r/min,8 hours), assisted with high-temperature clarification (compressed air is introduced into the bottom of glass liquid under the pressure of 0.20 MPa, the ventilation time is 10 hours), and a glass blank is formed by leakage at 980 ℃ (the forming time is 15 minutes). The dimension of the blank after cutting and grinding and polishing of two large faces is 300 multiplied by 50mm.
By China institute of engineering and Physics 60 Co gamma ray shielding test. The size of the test sample is 150 multiplied by 50mm, the NaI detector is adopted to measure the radiation background in the experimental space, and the count n of the total energy peaks of 1.173MeV and 1.332MeV gamma rays and no radiation is collected after the radiation passes through the shielding materialCount n at sample time 0 . Analyzing and processing data by software, removing background, and taking 60 The net count of 2 gamma ray full energy peaks of Co is taken as the full energy peak count. By the formulaCalculating gamma ray shielding rate of materialI。
Transmittance was measured with an ultraviolet-visible infrared spectrophotometer.
The coefficient of thermal expansion of the glass samples was measured using a relaxation-resistant DIL 402 model expansion tester. Sample preparation, the glass sample was ground and polished to a cylindrical glass rod of Φ6×50mm with the two end faces parallel. The temperature rising speed is set to be 5 ℃/min, and the data acquisition period is set to be 20ms. And drawing a relation curve of the temperature and linear expansion by the data, and obtaining the glass transition temperature and the expansion softening temperature by a tangent method. (GB/T7962.16 to 2010)
The softening point temperature of the glass samples was measured using a Model PPV-1000/1200 flat viscometer manufactured by Orton corporation. Sample preparation, the glass sample was ground and polished to a cylindrical glass rod of Φ6x6mm, and the two end faces were made parallel. The glass sample was placed on the top plate, a 44mm diameter, 6mm thick round plate of heat resistant metal alloy attached to the bottom of the probe rod, underneath the round plate of heat resistant metal alloy (also 44mm diameter, 6mm thickness). Two very thin platinum films (40 mm diameter, 0.001 inch thickness) were placed between the sample and the upper and lower heat resistant metal disks to facilitate sampling and sample placement. (GB/T7962.16 to 2010)
Example 2
The components and mass percentages of the components of the glass of this example and the physical properties of the glass obtained are shown in Table 1.
In the preparation method of the high-transmittance strong gamma ray shielding glass, the weight of the clarifying agent accounts for 0.6% of the weight of the high-transmittance strong gamma ray shielding glass; the melting temperature is 1400 ℃, and the melting time is 12 hours; mechanical stirring (15 r/min,10 h), molding temperature 1000℃and molding time 20min, and other preparation steps, parameters and test procedures were the same as in example 1.
Example 3
The components and mass percentages of the components of the glass of this example and the physical properties of the glass obtained are shown in Table 1.
In the preparation method of the high-transmittance strong gamma-ray shielding glass, the weight of the clarifier accounts for 0.69% of the weight of the high-transmittance strong gamma-ray shielding glass; the melting temperature is 1320 ℃, and the melting time is 12 hours; mechanical stirring (30 r/min,12 h), forming temperature 1050℃and forming time 25min, other preparation steps, parameters and test procedures were the same as in example 1.
Example 4
The components and mass percentages of the components of the glass of this example and the physical properties of the glass obtained are shown in Table 1.
In the preparation method of the high-transmittance strong gamma-ray shielding glass, the weight of the clarifier accounts for 0.78% of the weight of the high-transmittance strong gamma-ray shielding glass; the melting temperature is 1370 ℃ and the melting time is 11h; mechanical stirring (14 r/min,11 h), forming temperature 1010℃and forming time 18min, other preparation steps, parameters and test procedures were the same as in example 1.
Example 5
The components and mass percentages of the components of the glass of this example and the physical properties of the glass obtained are shown in Table 1.
In the preparation method of the high-transmittance strong gamma-ray shielding glass, the weight of the clarifying agent accounts for 0.6% of the weight of the high-transmittance strong gamma-ray shielding glass; the melting temperature is 1310 ℃, and the melting time is 12 hours; mechanical stirring (22 r/min,7 h), forming temperature 1020℃and forming time 16min, other preparation steps, parameters and test procedures were the same as in example 1.
Example 6
The components and mass percentages of the components of the glass of this example and the physical properties of the glass obtained are shown in Table 1.
In the preparation method of the high-transmittance strong gamma-ray shielding glass, the weight of the clarifier accounts for 0.75% of the weight of the high-transmittance strong gamma-ray shielding glass; the melting temperature is 1330 ℃, and the melting time is 10 hours; mechanical stirring (30 r/min,7 h), molding temperature 960℃and molding time 23min, other preparation steps, parameters and test procedures were the same as in example 1.
Example 7
The components and mass percentages of the components of the glass of this example and the physical properties of the glass obtained are shown in Table 1.
In the preparation method of the high-transmittance strong gamma-ray shielding glass, the weight of the clarifying agent accounts for 0.6% of the weight of the high-transmittance strong gamma-ray shielding glass; the melting temperature is 1390 ℃, and the melting time is 12 hours; mechanical stirring (26 r/min,11 h), forming temperature 1040℃and forming time 20min, other preparation steps, parameters and test procedures were the same as in example 1.
Example 8
The components and mass percentages of the components of the glass of this example and the physical properties of the glass obtained are shown in Table 1.
In the preparation method of the high-transmittance strong gamma-ray shielding glass, the weight of the clarifier accounts for 0.75% of the weight of the high-transmittance strong gamma-ray shielding glass; the melting temperature is 1350 ℃, and the melting time is 10 hours; mechanical stirring (15 r/min,12 h), molding temperature 970 ℃, molding time of 17min, other preparation steps, parameters and test procedures were the same as in example 1.
Example 9
The components and mass percentages of the components of the glass of this example and the physical properties of the glass obtained are shown in Table 1.
In the preparation method of the high-transmittance strong gamma-ray shielding glass, the weight of the clarifying agent accounts for 0.6% of the weight of the high-transmittance strong gamma-ray shielding glass; the melting temperature is 1040 ℃, and the melting time is 10 hours; mechanical stirring (20 r/min,10 h), forming temperature 1050℃and forming time 18min, other preparation steps, parameters and test procedures were the same as in example 1.
Example 10
The components and mass percentages of the components of the glass of this example and the physical properties of the glass obtained are shown in Table 1.
In the preparation method of the high-transmittance strong gamma-ray shielding glass, the weight of the clarifying agent accounts for 0.6% of the weight of the high-transmittance strong gamma-ray shielding glass; the melting temperature is 1310 ℃, and the melting time is 12 hours; mechanical stirring (21 r/min,7 h), molding temperature 1020℃and molding time 16min, and other preparation steps, parameters and test procedures were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
The components and mass percentages of the components of the glass of the comparative example and the physical properties of the obtained glass are shown in Table 2, wherein the component B 2 O 3 And Al 2 O 3 Boric acid and aluminum hydroxide are respectively introduced as raw materials, the introduction of the rest components is the same as that of the example 1, and the preparation steps, parameters and test procedures of the glass are the same as those of the example 1.
Comparative examples 2 to 7 and 10
The components and mass percentages of the components of the glass of the comparative example and the physical properties of the obtained glass are shown in Table 2, and the introduction of the components, the preparation steps, parameters and the test procedure of the glass are the same as those of example 1.
Comparative examples 8 to 9
The components and mass percentages of the components of the glass of the comparative example and the physical properties of the obtained glass are shown in Table 2, wherein SnO is the component 2 Tin oxide is taken as a raw material to be introduced, the introduction of the rest components is the same as that of the example 1, and the preparation steps, parameters and test procedures of the glass are the same as those of the example 1.
TABLE 1 Components, contents and physical Properties of the Shielding glasses according to examples 1 to 10 of the present invention
TABLE 2 Components, contents and physical Properties of the Shielding glasses described in comparative examples 1 to 10
Examples 1-10 the optical transmittance of the glass was better while ensuring good gamma-ray shielding properties by reasonably adding the corresponding ingredients and controlling the proportions of the ingredients in the raw materials. As can be seen from table 1, the optical transmittance of the high transmittance strong gamma-ray shielding glasses prepared from the high transmittance strong gamma-ray shielding glass compositions in examples 1 to 10 of the present invention is as follows: the maximum transmittance is more than or equal to 90.4 percent in the range of 350-900nm, the minimum transmittance is more than or equal to 64.5 percent, the maximum transmittance is more than or equal to 90.3 percent in the visible light range of 400-800nm, the minimum transmittance is more than or equal to 87.6 percent, and the comprehensive performance is excellent.
From the above, it can be seen that the high transmittance, strong gamma ray shielding glasses provided in examples 1 to 10 of the present invention have excellent optical transmittance and good gamma ray shielding properties, and can be manufactured in a large size. This is due to the specific ratio of SiO added in the preparation of the high transmittance strong gamma ray shielding glass in the embodiments 1 to 10 of the present invention 2 And PbO, while paying attention to control of Na 2 O、K 2 O, baO and As 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 And the content and the proportioning relation of the components are set with proper melting, forming temperature and stirring process. The high-transmittance strong gamma ray shielding glass has higher optical transmittance and good gamma ray shielding performance, can be prepared in large size, and is used for nuclear industry, medical diagnosis and atomic science researchThe application potential in the fields of research and the like is huge.
The specific features described in the above embodiments of the present invention may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described further.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, but although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiment, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or that equivalents may be substituted for part of the technical features thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The glass material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 38-42%；PbO49%-55%；K 2 O5%-8%；Na 2 0% -4% of O; baO 0-0.4%; and a total of 0.6% -0.78% As 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 。
2. The glass material according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 38-42%；PbO49%-55%；K 2 O5%-8%；Na 2 0% -4% of O; baO 0-0.4%; 0.6% -0.78% of As in total 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The sum of the contents of all the components is 100%;
preferably, siO 2 The mass percentage of (2) is 39% -41%, preferably 40% -41%;
preferably, the mass percentage of PbO is 49% -23%, preferably 49% -51%;
preferably, K 2 The mass percentage of O is 6% -6.8%, preferably 6% -6.7%;
preferably Na 2 The mass percentage of O is 0.5% -4% or 0-3.5% or 0-1.3%, preferably 0.6% -4% or 0-1%, more preferably 1% -4%% or 0-0.6%,1.3% -3.5% or 0;
preferably, the BaO content is 0-0.2% by mass, preferably 0.1-0.2% by mass.
3. Glass material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it consists of the following components in mass percent: siO (SiO) 2 39%-41%；PbO49%-53%；K 2 O6%-6.8%；Na 2 0.6% -4% of O; baO 0-0.2%; 0.6% -0.78% of As in total 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The sum of the contents of all the components is 100%;
preferably, the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 40%-41%；PbO49%-52%；K 2 O6%-6.7%；Na 2 O1.3% -3.5%; baO 0.1-0.2%; 0.6% -0.78% of As in total 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The sum of the contents of all the components is 100%;
preferably, the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 40%-41%；PbO49%-51%；K 2 O6%-6.7%；Na 2 O1.3% -3.5%; baO 0.1-0.2%; 0.6% -0.78% of As in total 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The sum of the contents of all the components is 100%;
preferably, the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 40%-41%；PbO49%-51%；K 2 6% -6.7% of O; baO 0.1-0.2%; 0.6% -0.78% of As in total 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The sum of the contents of all the components is 100%.
4. Glass material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that SiO 2 And PbO content is not more than 93%, preferably 89% -93%, more preferably 89% -92%;
preferably, K 2 O and Na 2 The ratio of O content is 1.5-15:1, preferably 1.5-11:1, more preferably 1.9-5:1;
preferably, K 2 O and Na 2 The sum of the O content is 6% to 10.2%, preferably 7.3% to 10.2%.
5. Glass material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that As 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 The sum of the contents of (2) is less than one tenth of K 2 O and Na 2 Sum of O content, and As 2 O 3 And Sb (Sb) 2 O 3 The content ratio of (2);
preferably As 2 O 3 The content of Sb is 0.4-0.52 percent 2 O 3 The content of (2) is 0.2% -0.26%.
6. A method of making the glass material of any of claims 1-5, comprising: mixing the raw materials in proportion, and uniformly mixing;
melting the mixture at 1300-1400 deg.C, and stirring;
and then clarifying at high temperature, and performing leakage molding to obtain the glass product.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: the melting time is 10-12h;
preferably, the stirring speed is 10-30r/min and the stirring time is 6-12h when the mixture raw materials are melted;
preferably, the molding temperature is 950-1050 ℃ and the molding time is 10-25min.
8. An ionizing radiation shielding material comprising or made of the glass material of any of claims 1 to 5.
9. An optical element comprising or made of the glass material of any one of claims 1 to 5.
10. Use of the glass material according to any of claims 1 to 5 in the field of ionizing radiation shielding or in the field of optics; preferably, the ionizing radiation is gamma rays.
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