CN117600869A

CN117600869A - Self-adaptive revolving body part positioning clamp utilizing spring elastic force

Info

Publication number: CN117600869A
Application number: CN202311686572.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑利民; 王丽君; 孙臻; 张志武; 马文宇; 李基圣; 朱雪峰; 刘强; 李美丽; 马金琳
Original assignee: Liaoshen Industrial Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Liaoshen Industrial Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-12-11
Filing date: 2023-12-11
Publication date: 2024-02-27

Abstract

The invention provides a revolving body part positioning fixture self-adapting by utilizing spring elastic force, which reduces auxiliary time for clamping workpieces and improves production efficiency when realizing mass production on the premise of meeting product technical requirements, and comprises a body, a fastening screw, an adjusting nut, a fixing pin, a belleville spring, a sliding top bowl and a positioning body; the butterfly spring is sleeved on the small end of the positioning body and is contacted with the left side of the partition plate of the sliding top bowl, and every two butterfly springs are contacted in a back-to-back mode; the thrust of the rotary cylinder is replaced by the resilience force after the spring is deformed, and the workpiece can be clamped by only installing a top bowl on the body to replace the sliding sleeve and matching the top bowl with two parts of the body. The fixture structure can be simplified, the number of parts to be matched is reduced, the precision of the fixture is improved, and the manufacturing difficulty of the fixture is reduced; the rotary cylinder at the main shaft end of the machine tool is reduced, and the stability and the service life of the machine tool are improved.

Description

Self-adaptive revolving body part positioning clamp utilizing spring elastic force

Technical Field

The invention relates to the aspect of processing and clamping of revolving parts, in particular to a jacking type rapid clamping and positioning clamp which is used for rapid clamping of revolving parts and has an axial positioning function. Belonging to the field of machining.

Background

The clamping tools for the revolving body parts are various, and the proper clamp is selected according to the processing characteristics of the products, so that the processing efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced. The original clamp is a set of special clamp and consists of 6 parts, as shown in figure 1. The device comprises a body 1, a pull plug 2, a pin shaft 3, a sliding sleeve 4, a positioning body 5 and a pull rod 6.

The installation mode is as follows: the body 1 is arranged at the main shaft end of the machine tool; the pull rod 6 passes through the main shaft hole, and one end of the pull rod is connected with a rotary cylinder arranged at the tail end of the main shaft; the pull plug 2 is arranged in an inner hole of the body 1 and is connected with the other end of the pull rod 6 through threads; the sliding sleeve 4 is arranged at the cylindrical part outside the body 1, and finally the sliding sleeve 4, the body 1 and the pull plug 2 are combined together by the pin shaft 3.

The clamping mode is that two ends are tightly propped, and the power source is a rotary cylinder at the side of the main shaft and a fixed cylinder on the tailstock. Firstly, a cylinder at the tail seat pushes a center, the center drives a workpiece to move to a positioning body of a special clamp, and then a cylinder at the main shaft pushes a sliding sleeve 4 to clamp and fix the workpiece through a pull rod 6. As shown in fig. 2.

Because the fit clearance among the pull plug 2, the pin shaft 3, the sliding sleeve 4 and the body 1 is smaller, the mutual interference phenomenon exists after the installation, the clamping phenomenon exists in the extending and retracting processes, and after the clamping is performed for a plurality of times, each part is worn, so that the precision of the clamp is affected; if the fit clearance is enlarged, the precision of the clamp is greatly affected; the rotary air cylinder installed at the main shaft end of the machine tool can have a certain influence on the stability of the machine tool when rotating at a high speed, the service life of the machine tool can also be influenced after long-term use, and meanwhile, the externally hung rotary air cylinder also needs to be protected.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a revolving body type part positioning fixture self-adapting by utilizing spring elastic force, which is a revolving body type part clamping positioning fixture, namely a quick clamping positioning tool designed by utilizing the spring elastic force to self-adapting the positioning fixture, and aims to reduce auxiliary time for clamping workpieces and improve production efficiency on the premise of meeting technical requirements of products when mass production is realized.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the quick clamping and positioning tool is characterized by comprising a body, a fastening screw, an adjusting nut, a fixing pin, a belleville spring, a sliding top bowl and a positioning body; the sliding top bowl is in a straight cylinder shape, and the outer cylindrical surface of the straight cylinder is provided with two symmetrical key grooves; one end of the inner shape is a cylindrical cavity, the other end is a conical surface with a certain angle, a baffle is arranged between the cylindrical shape and the conical surface, and a round hole is arranged in the middle of the baffle; the positioning body is a cylinder with steps, the diameter of the steps from the left end to the right end is gradually increased, the middle step is provided with external threads, and the diameter of the largest step at the right end is equivalent to that of the outer diameter sliding top bowl partition plate; the small end of the positioning body is positioned in a round hole on the partition board of the sliding top bowl, and the step at the maximum right end of the positioning body is contacted with the partition board of the sliding top bowl; the butterfly spring is sleeved on the small end of the positioning body and is contacted with the left side of the partition plate of the sliding top bowl, N butterfly springs are added, and every two butterfly springs are contacted back to back; the left end of the adjusting nut is screwed with the external thread of the middle step of the positioning body, the right end of the adjusting nut is contacted with the belleville spring, and the adjusting nut is fixed on the positioning body by the fastening screw; the positioning body is placed in the body, the belleville spring is positioned at the inner side of the body, the conical surface of the right end of the sliding top bowl is positioned at the right end opening part of the body, and the small end of the positioning body is placed in the central round hole of the plane in the body; two key grooves on the outer cylindrical surface of the sliding top bowl are aligned with two cylindrical holes on the straight cylinder wall of the body one by one, and a fixing pin is put in from the two cylindrical holes on the cylinder wall of the body and is contacted with the bottoms of the key grooves on the outer cylindrical surface of the sliding top bowl; the length of the key slot is larger than the diameter of the cylindrical hole.

The invention has the technical effects that:

the fixture structure is simplified, the number of parts to be matched is reduced, the precision of the fixture is improved, and the manufacturing difficulty of the fixture is reduced; the rotary cylinder at the main shaft end of the machine tool is reduced, and the stability and the service life of the machine tool can be improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 illustrates a conventional clamping tool for a rotary part;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application of a conventional clamping tool for a rotary part

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a localization fixture of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the application of the clamping tool of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the body 7

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the sliding top bowl 13

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the positioning body 14

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the adjusting nut 9

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the retainer ring 10

Detailed Description

The principle of the invention is as follows:

in the machining process, the clamp has the most basic function of clamping and positioning a workpiece so as to finish machining; the basic requirement on the clamp is to ensure the machining precision of the workpiece, make the workpiece meet the technological requirement, and improve the machining production efficiency, reduce the production cost of the workpiece and the like. The clamp is used as an indispensable tool in the machining process, and is continuously improved, perfected and innovated.

The clamping modes of the revolving body are clamping claws or clamping modes of one end and one end propping, and the clamping modes include universal clamps such as clamping claws and tips and special clamps with similar functions and different structures. The mechanical processing of the product is completed by adopting the clamp, and the equipment condition, the product processing characteristics, the production efficiency, the production cost and other aspects are required to be considered.

Original anchor clamps design is from the selection of power supply, if solve the power supply problem, then anchor clamps structure just can change, utilizes the resilience force after the spring deformation to replace revolving cylinder's thrust, only need install a bowl on the body and replace the sliding sleeve, can realize that the work piece presss from both sides tightly through the cooperation of two parts of bowl and body. Therefore, the structure of the clamp can be simplified, the number of parts to be matched is reduced, the precision of the clamp is improved, and the manufacturing difficulty of the clamp is reduced; the rotary cylinder at the main shaft end of the machine tool is reduced, and the stability and the service life of the machine tool can be improved.

As shown in fig. 3, the quick clamping and positioning tool consists of 9 parts, namely a body 7, a fastening screw 8, an adjusting nut 9, a retainer ring 10, a fixing pin 11, a belleville spring 12, a sliding top bowl 13, a positioning body 14 and a screw 15.

The body 7 is a cylinder with steps, one end is of a flange structure, and the other end is of a straight cylinder; the cylinder wall is provided with two symmetrical cylindrical holes at a position close to the middle of the straight cylinder, and a top thread hole is arranged at a position forming 90 degrees with the cylindrical holes on the circumference; a cylindrical hole is formed in the cylinder wall near one end of the flange shape; the straight cylinder inner shape is separated from the flange end inner shape by a plane, and the center of the plane is a round hole.

The fastening screw 8 is a standard piece.

The adjusting nut 9 is a cylindrical nut, one end of the adjusting nut is provided with a large disc-shaped plane, the outer circle of the adjusting nut is provided with two symmetrical planes, and one plane is provided with a top thread hole.

The retainer ring 10 is annular and has a circular through hole.

The cylindrical pin 11 is a cylinder with small chamfers at both ends.

The disc-shaped belleville spring 12 is a disc, the middle part is a round hole, the upper surface and the lower surface of the disc gradually bulge from the circumference to the middle hole to form a certain angle, and the belleville spring is a standard part.

The sliding top bowl 13 is in a straight cylindrical shape, and the outer cylindrical surface of the straight cylinder is provided with two symmetrical key grooves; one end of the inner shape is cylindrical, the other end is a conical surface with a certain angle, a surface (baffle) is arranged between the cylinder and the conical surface, and a round hole is arranged between the surface (baffle).

The positioning body 14 is a cylinder with 4 steps, the diameter of the steps gradually increases from one end to the other end, the second step is provided with external threads, and the middle of the outer end face of the largest step is provided with a threaded hole.

The screw 15 is a hexagon socket head cap screw and a standard component.

Assembling method

The small end of the positioning body 14 is firstly placed into the round hole of the sliding top bowl 13 until the large end of the positioning body 14 contacts with the surface in the middle of the sliding top bowl 13; sleeving the belleville springs 12 from the small end of the positioning body 14 until the belleville springs are contacted with the surface in the middle of the sliding top bowl 13, then putting a second belleville spring into the positioning body, and putting a total of 8 belleville springs 12 into the positioning body in a back-to-back mode with the first belleville spring, wherein each two belleville springs are contacted in a back-to-back mode; the adjusting nut 9 is screwed with the positioning body 14, the big end of the adjusting nut 9 is contacted with the butterfly spring 12, and then the adjusting nut 9 is fixed by the fastening screw 8 to form a combination of the sliding top bowl 13, the positioning body 14, the butterfly spring 12, the adjusting nut 9 and the fastening screw 8; the flange end of the body 7 is connected with a flange of the main shaft end of the machine tool, and the machine tool is aligned and fixed by a marking gauge; the combined body is placed in the body 7, one side of the belleville spring 12 is arranged in the body, the conical surface of the sliding top bowl 13 is arranged outside, and the small end of the positioning body 14 is placed in a central round hole of the plane in the body 7; rotating the combined body to enable two key grooves on the outer cylindrical surface of the sliding top bowl 13 to be aligned with two cylindrical holes on the straight cylindrical wall of the body 7 one by one, and putting the fixing pin 11 into the two cylindrical holes on the cylindrical wall of the body 7 until the fixing pin is contacted with the bottoms of the key grooves on the outer cylindrical surface of the sliding top bowl 13; the retainer ring 10 is sleeved on a cylindrical hole of the outer circle of the body 7, a circular through hole of the retainer ring 10 is aligned with a top thread hole of the body 7, and a screw 15 is screwed in to fix the retainer ring 10, so that the installation is completed.

Application method

One end of the workpiece is placed into the sliding top bowl 13, the other end of the workpiece is tightly propped against the workpiece by the center, and the workpiece moves into the body 7 together with the sliding top bowl 13 after being tightly propped until the workpiece is contacted with the positioning body 14, and then the clamping is completed. As shown in fig. 4.

In the cutting process, if the positioning is inaccurate, namely the workpiece is not contacted with the positioning body 14, the combined body is taken out from the body 7, and the pretightening force of the belleville spring 12 is reduced through the adjusting nut 9, so that the problem can be solved; if the relative movement between the workpiece and the sliding top bowl 13 occurs in the cutting process, the combined body is taken out from the body 7, and the pretightening force of the belleville spring 12 is increased through the adjusting nut 9, so that the problem can be solved.

Further, the method comprises the steps of,

firstly, selecting the model of the belleville spring, wherein the thrust generated by the rebound of the belleville spring is enough to enable the sliding top bowl to tightly prop against the part, so that the part cannot rotate relative to the sliding top bowl during processing, and meanwhile, the rebound force of the belleville spring is smaller than the thrust generated by the tailstock cylinder, so that the part can be positioned accurately during propping;

secondly, the quantity of the belleville springs is selected, and the maximum displacement quantity caused to the sliding top bowl during part clamping is selected according to the small deformation quantity of the belleville springs, so that the total deformation quantity of the belleville springs is necessarily larger than the possible displacement quantity of the sliding top bowl.

Claims

1. The quick clamping and positioning tool is characterized by comprising a body (7), a fastening screw (8), an adjusting nut (9), a fixing pin (11), a belleville spring (12), a sliding top bowl (13) and a positioning body (14);

the sliding top bowl (13) is in a straight cylindrical shape, and the outer cylindrical surface of the straight cylinder is provided with two symmetrical key grooves; one end of the inner shape is a cylindrical cavity, the other end is a conical surface with a certain angle, a baffle is arranged between the cylindrical shape and the conical surface, and a round hole is arranged in the middle of the baffle;

the positioning body (14) is a cylinder with steps, the diameter of the steps from the left end to the right end is gradually increased, the middle step is provided with external threads, and the diameter of the largest step at the right end is equivalent to that of the baffle plate of the outer diameter sliding top bowl (13);

the small end of the positioning body (14) is positioned in a round hole on the partition board of the sliding top bowl (13), and the step at the maximum right end of the positioning body (14) is contacted with the partition board of the sliding top bowl (13);

the butterfly springs (12) are sleeved on the small end of the positioning body (14) and are contacted with the left side of the partition plate of the sliding top bowl (13), N butterfly springs (12) are added, and every two butterfly springs are contacted in a back-to-back mode;

the left end of the adjusting nut (9) is screwed with the external thread of the middle step of the positioning body (14), the right end of the adjusting nut (9) is contacted with the belleville spring (12), and the adjusting nut (9) is fixed on the positioning body (14) by the fastening screw (8);

the positioning body (14) is placed in the body (7), the belleville spring (12) is positioned at the inner side of the body, the conical surface at the right end of the sliding top bowl is positioned at the right end part of the body, and the small end of the positioning body (14) is placed in a central round hole of the plane in the body (7);

two key grooves on the outer cylindrical surface of the sliding top bowl (13) are aligned with two cylindrical holes on the straight cylindrical wall of the body (7) one by one, and the fixing pin (11) is put in from the two cylindrical holes on the cylindrical wall of the body (7) and is contacted with the bottom of the key groove on the outer cylindrical surface of the sliding top bowl (13); the length of the key slot is larger than the diameter of the cylindrical hole.

2. The quick clamping and locating tool as claimed in claim 1 wherein the retainer ring is fitted over a cylindrical bore in the outer circumference of the body, the circular through bore of the retainer ring being aligned with the top wire bore in the body.

3. The quick clamp positioning tool of claim 2 wherein the jackscrew hole is threaded into the screw.

4. The quick clamping and positioning tool according to claim 1, wherein the body 7 is a cylinder with steps, one end is of a flange structure, and the other end is of a straight cylinder; two cylindrical holes are arranged at the position close to the middle of the straight cylinder, and the jackscrew holes are positioned at the positions which are 90 degrees with the cylindrical holes on the circumference; a cylindrical hole is formed in the cylinder wall near one end of the flange shape; the straight cylinder inner shape is separated from the flange end inner shape by a plane, and the center of the plane is a round hole.

5. The quick clamp positioning tool of claim 1 wherein the adjustment nut is a cylindrical nut having a large disc-shaped flat surface at one end and two symmetrical flat surfaces on the outer circumference of the nut, one flat surface having a top thread hole.

6. The quick clamping and locating tool as claimed in claim 1 wherein the belleville spring is disc shaped with a circular aperture in the middle and the upper and lower faces of the disc are progressively angled from the circumference to the central aperture.

7. The quick clamp positioning tool of claim 1 wherein the body flange end is connected to a flange at the machine tool spindle end.

8. The quick clamp positioning tool of claim 1 wherein there are 8 belleville springs.

9. The quick clamp positioning tool of claim 1 wherein the retainer ring 10 is annular with a circular through hole.

10. The quick clamping and locating tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cylindrical pin 11 is a cylinder with small chamfers at both ends.