CN107442796B

CN107442796B - Internal stay aligning tool for machine tool

Info

Publication number: CN107442796B
Application number: CN201710752520.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕梦龙
Original assignee: Luoyang Pioneer Automation Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Luoyang Pioneer Automation Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-08-28
Filing date: 2017-08-28
Publication date: 2023-04-18
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-28
Also published as: CN107442796A

Abstract

The utility model provides an internal stay aligning frock for lathe, including the taper sleeve, install a plurality of interior bracers along the circumference cooperation at the external conical surface of taper sleeve, the one end of interior bracer is equipped with and is used for the extension spring of a plurality of interior bracers chucking on the taper sleeve, all be equipped with the recess on the outer peripheral face of every interior bracer other end, the bottom of recess is the arc that both ends height middle part is low along taper sleeve circumference, install the aligning piece through the centering pivot in the recess, a plurality of aligning pieces are along the periphery evenly distributed of taper sleeve, the bottom surface of aligning piece is unanimous with recess bottom shape, the top of aligning piece is equipped with two beads along the both ends symmetry of taper sleeve circumference, the length direction of bead parallels with the axis of taper sleeve, and the surface of bead is the face of cylinder, still be equipped with the power unit that is used for driving interior bracer along taper sleeve axial motion in order to prop tight work piece or loosen the work piece in the inside of taper sleeve. The centering device can realize the concentric self-adjustment between the workpiece clamping center and the average center of the workpiece, has simple structure and accurate centering, and can improve the processing precision of the workpiece.

Description

Internal stay aligning tool for machine tool

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to an inner support aligning tool for a machine tool.

Background

The internal stay anchor clamps (or frock) that shaft sleeve class part machining used among the prior art divide into two types basically: the self-aligning clamp comprises an inner support clamp which cannot be self-aligned, such as an inner expanding spring clamp and a self-turning round soft claw inner diameter clamp, and the self-aligning clamp which can be self-aligned, such as a self-aligning hard claw clamp, and the self-aligning clamp which is disclosed by the invention patent with the application number of 201220683817X and is used for clamping the precision forging.

The clamp which cannot be aligned has no aligning function, so that the clamp cannot be used for adjusting and compensating parts to be machined with the defect of roundness of the inner diameter, the problems of deformation of the machined outer circle, non-concentricity of the inner circle and the outer circle and the like are easily caused, the clamp cannot be suitable for machining and using thin-wall shaft sleeve parts, and the application range is limited.

In the inner support aligning clamp in the prior art, the most prominent defect of the aligning hard claw clamp is poor processing precision; the invention patent with application number 201220683817X discloses a centering clamp for clamping a precision forging, which has a complex structure, and the centering clamp disclosed in the patent can only center the clamp itself, but cannot adjust the concentricity between a workpiece and the clamp (in the prior art, the concentricity between the clamp and a machine tool spindle is very easy to realize, so that the concentricity between the average center of the workpiece and the machine tool spindle can be realized as long as the concentricity between the average center of the workpiece and the clamp is ensured, thereby improving the processing precision of the workpiece), therefore, the problem that when the workpiece to be processed has the defect of non-roundness, the processed part is easy to have uneven thickness, and the processing precision of the part is influenced can not be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an inner support aligning tool for a machine tool, which can adjust the concentricity between a workpiece and a clamp so as to improve the machining precision of shaft sleeve parts.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides an internal stay aligning frock for lathe, including the taper sleeve, the main aspects of taper sleeve are equipped with the outward flange that is used for with lathe main shaft fixed connection, install a plurality of interior bracers along the circumference cooperation at the outer conical surface of taper sleeve, the one end that is close to the outward flange on interior bracer is equipped with the extension spring that is used for a plurality of interior bracers chucking on the taper sleeve, all be equipped with the recess on the outer peripheral face of every interior bracer other end, the bottom of recess is the arc that both ends height middle part is low along taper sleeve circumference, install the aligning piece through the centering pivot that sets up along the taper sleeve axial in the recess, a plurality of aligning pieces are along the periphery evenly distributed of taper sleeve, the top of aligning piece is equipped with two beads that are used for direct contact to treat support the work piece internal surface along the both ends symmetry of taper sleeve circumference, the length direction of bead parallels with the axis of taper sleeve, and the surface of bead is the face of cylinder, still be equipped with the power unit that is used for driving interior bracer along taper sleeve axial motion in the inside of taper sleeve in order to prop tight work piece or work piece and loosen.

Furthermore, power unit include the power cylinder, the piston rod of power cylinder stretches out from the tip of taper sleeve after stretching into from the taper sleeve main aspects, is connected with axial gland at the front end of piston rod extension, the rear end of piston rod extension is equipped with annular bulge, is equipped with the axial between annular bulge and the taper sleeve and promotes the needle, is equipped with the through-hole that supplies the axial to promote the needle to pass on the outward flange of taper sleeve.

Furthermore, the number of the inner supporting blocks is three, and the number of the corresponding aligning blocks is also three.

Furthermore, the one end that is used for installing the extension spring on every interior bracer all is equipped with the draw-in groove section along taper sleeve circumference, and the draw-in groove section on a plurality of interior bracers encloses into an annular draw-in groove, the extension spring setting in the draw-in groove.

Furthermore, a positioning shaft sleeve for axially positioning the workpiece is connected to the outer flange of the taper sleeve.

Has the advantages that:

according to the invention, the workpieces are synchronously tensioned or loosened through the plurality of inner supporting blocks arranged on the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve, and the concentric self-adjustment between the workpiece clamping center and the average center of the workpiece is realized through the equal-arm swinging of the centering block arranged on the centering pin, so that the tool is simple in structure and accurate in centering, the processing error caused by the defects (ellipse, edge circle, uneven forging rough surface and the like) of the blank part before mechanical processing is carried out by using the tool can be solved, and the processing precision of the workpiece is finally improved.

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a left side view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 isbase:Sub>A viewbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a view B-B of fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a taper sleeve, 101, an outer flange, 2, a positioning shaft sleeve, 201, 202, 3, an inner supporting block, 4, a centering block, 401, a rib, 5, a centering shaft pin, 6, an axial gland, 7, a tension spring, 8, an axial push pin, 9, a piston rod extension part, 901, an annular bulge, 901a and a blind hole are arranged.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 4, an inner supporting and aligning tool for a machine tool includes a taper sleeve 1, an outer flange 101 for fixedly connecting with a main shaft of the machine tool is disposed at a large end of the taper sleeve, a plurality of inner supporting blocks 3 (please refer to the remaining drawings) are disposed on an outer conical surface of the taper sleeve along a circumferential direction in a matching manner, and a tension spring 7 for clamping the plurality of inner supporting blocks 3 on the taper sleeve 1 is disposed at one end of each inner supporting block close to the outer flange 101.

All be equipped with the recess on the outer peripheral face of every interior vaulting piece other end, the bottom of recess is the arc (as shown in fig. 3) that the high middle part in both ends is low along taper sleeve circumference, installs aligning block 4 through centering pivot 5 along taper sleeve axial setting in the recess, and aligning block 4's bottom surface is unanimous with recess bottom shape.

Specifically, axial through holes can be formed in the inner supporting blocks 3 corresponding to the grooves, and in order to improve the aligning precision of the tool, the axial through holes in the inner supporting blocks 3 are preferably uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the taper sleeve 1; the centering pin shafts 5 penetrate through the corresponding axial through holes, two ends of each centering pin shaft 5 are axially positioned in the corresponding axial through hole by a tension spring 7 and a connecting piece (such as an axial gland 6) of the power mechanism respectively, the centering block 4 is provided with a mounting hole in clearance fit with the centering pin shaft 5, and the centering block 4 is mounted in a fit manner with the corresponding centering pin shaft 5 through the mounting hole; the centering block 4 is further provided with two convex edges 401 which are used for directly contacting the inner surface of a workpiece to be supported, the two convex edges 401 are symmetrical relative to the central axis of the mounting hole of the centering block 4, the length direction of each convex edge 401 is parallel to the axis of the taper sleeve 1, the surfaces of the convex edges are cylindrical surfaces, and a power mechanism which is used for driving the inner supporting block 3 to move axially along the taper sleeve so as to support the workpiece tightly or loosen the workpiece is further arranged inside the taper sleeve.

In the present embodiment, the taper sleeve is a conical taper sleeve having a cylindrical inner hole and a conical outer peripheral surface. In practical application, the taper sleeve may also be a taper sleeve in which the inner hole is cylindrical and the outer peripheral surface is a pyramid, for example, an outer conical surface of a triangular pyramid is used, and three inner supporting blocks are correspondingly arranged, or an outer conical surface of a rectangular pyramid is used, and four inner supporting blocks are correspondingly arranged.

The power mechanism comprises a power cylinder, and the power cylinder can adopt a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder. A piston rod extending part 9 of the power cylinder extends from the small end of the taper sleeve after extending into the large end of the taper sleeve 1, an axial gland 6 is connected to the front end of the piston rod extending part, an annular protrusion 901 is arranged at the rear end of the piston rod extending part, an axial push pin 8 is arranged between the annular protrusion 901 and the taper sleeve, and a through hole for the axial push pin 8 to pass through is formed in an outer flange 101 of the taper sleeve.

The annular protrusion 901 may be made integrally with the piston rod, as shown in fig. 4; or the annular protrusion 901 may be manufactured separately and fixed to the corresponding position on the piston rod extension 9 in a sleeving manner.

And a blind hole 901a used for being matched and installed with the axial push pin 8 is formed in one end, facing the taper sleeve 1, of the annular bulge 901.

The number of the inner supporting blocks 3 may be designed as required, and is at least two, that is, a plurality of inner supporting blocks. In this embodiment, the number of the inner supporting blocks 3 is set to be 3, the number of the corresponding adjusting blocks 4 is also three, each inner supporting block is correspondingly provided with one axial push pin 8, that is, the number of the axial push pins 8 is also 3, and correspondingly, the number of the blind holes 901a on the annular protrusion 901 is also three.

In this embodiment, the one end that is used for installing extension spring 7 on every interior bracer 3 all is equipped with the draw-in groove section along taper sleeve circumference, and the draw-in groove section on a plurality of interior bracers encloses into an annular draw-in groove 301a, extension spring 7 set up in draw-in groove 301 a.

In order to axially position a workpiece to be machined, which is mounted on the periphery of the aligning block 4, a positioning shaft sleeve 2 for axially positioning the workpiece is further connected to the outer flange of the taper sleeve 1.

The left end of the locating sleeve 2 in the axial direction is used for contacting with a workpiece to be machined to play a role in axial locating of the workpiece to be machined, the right end of the locating sleeve 2 is a flange 201 connected with an outer flange 101 of the taper sleeve 1, one end of the locating sleeve 2 close to the flange is inwards recessed to form a process groove 202 convenient for installation of a bolt between the outer flange 101 and the flange 201.

The working principle of the invention is explained below with reference to fig. 4:

when the taper sleeve is used, the taper sleeve 1 is fixedly connected with a machine tool spindle through the outer flange 101, and the piston rod extension part 9 is arranged in an inner cavity of the machine tool hollow spindle.

When the piston rod extension part 9 moves leftwards, as the inner support blocks 3 are arranged between the axial gland 6 and the annular bulge 901 through the axial push pins 8, the inner support blocks 3 move leftwards under the action of the axial push pins 8, the diameter of the inner support is reduced, after a workpiece to be processed is sleeved on the periphery of the centering block 4, the piston rod extension part 9 moves rightwards, the inner support blocks 3 move rightwards (large ends) along the conical sleeve 1 and expand concentrically, so that the diameter of the inner support is gradually increased, the cylindrical surface of the convex edge 401 of the centering block 4 slides in contact with the inner circumferential surface of the workpiece to be processed, and in the expanding process, the centering block 4 swings around the centering shaft pin 5 in a self-adaptive equal arm mode to enable the workpiece to be processed to automatically find a clamping center to be concentric with the central axis of the workpiece to be processed until the workpiece to be completely expanded.

According to the invention, a plurality of centering blocks 3 are adopted, each centering block is provided with 2 convex edges, namely at least 4 convex edges 401 are in contact with the inner circumferential surface of a workpiece to be processed, and in the clamping process, the centering blocks 4 perform equal-arm swinging by taking the centering shaft pins 5 as fulcrums through leverage to find the optimal supporting position, so that not only can the clamping of the workpiece to be processed be realized, but also the deformation defect caused by the clamping of a thin-wall shaft sleeve type workpiece in the prior art can be eliminated; the plurality of aligning blocks are uniformly arranged, so that the concentric error between the clamping circle center and the actual average circle center of the workpiece to be processed caused by the defects of ellipse and edge circle of shaft sleeve parts, uneven forging rough surface and the like can be averagely eliminated, and the concentric self-adjustment between the clamping center of the workpiece and the average center of the workpiece can be realized.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a lathe is with interior propping aligning frock which characterized in that: the taper sleeve comprises a taper sleeve (1), an outer flange (101) used for being fixedly connected with a machine tool spindle is arranged at the large end of the taper sleeve, a plurality of inner supporting blocks (3) are arranged on the outer conical surface of the taper sleeve in a matched mode along the circumferential direction, a tension spring (7) used for clamping the inner supporting blocks (3) on the taper sleeve (1) is arranged at one end, close to the outer flange (101), of each inner supporting block, a groove is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the other end of each inner supporting block, the bottom of each groove is in an arc shape with two ends higher than the middle in the circumferential direction of the taper sleeve, a centering block (4) is arranged in each groove through a centering shaft pin (5) axially arranged along the taper sleeve, the centering blocks are uniformly distributed along the periphery of the taper sleeve, the bottom surface of each centering block (4) is consistent with the shape of the bottom of each groove, two convex edges (401) used for directly contacting with the inner surface of a workpiece to be supported are symmetrically arranged at the top of each centering block (4) along the two circumferential ends of the taper sleeve, the length direction of each convex edge (401) is parallel to the axis of the taper sleeve (1), the surface of the taper sleeve, the surface of the power mechanism is a convex edge, and the convex edge used for driving the inner supporting block (3) to move along the workpiece to be loosened along the axial direction of the workpiece;

the power mechanism comprises a power cylinder, a piston rod extension part (9) of the power cylinder extends into the large end of the taper sleeve (1) and then extends out of the small end of the taper sleeve, the front end of the piston rod extension part is connected with an axial gland (6), the rear end of the piston rod extension part is provided with an annular bulge (901), an axial push pin (8) is arranged between the annular bulge and the taper sleeve, and an outer flange (101) of the taper sleeve is provided with a through hole for the axial push pin to pass through; the number of the inner supporting blocks (3) is three, and the number of the corresponding aligning blocks (4) is also three.

2. The inner support aligning tool for the machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end that is used for installing extension spring (7) on every interior bracer (3) all is equipped with the draw-in groove section along taper sleeve circumference, and the draw-in groove section on a plurality of interior bracers encloses into an annular draw-in groove (301 a), extension spring (7) set up in draw-in groove (301 a).

3. The inner support aligning tool for the machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the outer flange of the taper sleeve (1) is also connected with a positioning shaft sleeve (2) for axially positioning the workpiece.