CN117600649A - Laser engraving machine and die engraving processing technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a laser engraving machine and a die engraving processing technology, and relates to the technical field of die processing. A laser engraving machine comprises a base, a workbench for clamping a die to be processed, a machine head connected with the base, and a laser head for emitting laser to the direction of the workbench; the laser head is positioned above the workbench; the workbench and the machine head are connected with the base, and the laser head is connected with the machine head; the machine head is provided with a fume collecting hood along the circumferential direction of the laser head, the fume collecting hood is connected with a fume suction pipe, one end of the fume suction pipe, which is far away from the fume collecting hood, is connected with a dust collecting box, and the dust collecting box is connected with a negative pressure source for sucking out gas in the dust collecting box; the interior of the dust box is provided with a filter element for filtering gas flowing from the smoking pipe to the air inlet end of the negative pressure source. The present application is advantageous for reducing the effect of the content of metal particle suspensions in the air in the processing zone. By modifying the processing parameters of the laser engraving process, the surface of the plastic product injection molded by the corresponding mold can have cloth feel.

Description

Laser engraving machine and die engraving processing technology

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of die machining, in particular to a laser engraving machine and a die engraving machining process.

Background

In the injection molding processing technology, the shape of the cavity of the mold determines the shape of the corresponding molded plastic product. Therefore, a specific plastic product needs to be processed into a corresponding injection mold. When the surface of the plastic product subjected to injection molding is required to be provided with the grains, the grains with the corresponding shape are processed on the surface of the cavity of the corresponding injection mold.

At present, common processing technologies for processing surface textures of a die cavity comprise milling processing and laser engraving processing; wherein, the laser engraving processing needs to use a special laser engraving machine; when in laser engraving processing, the laser emitted by the laser head of the laser engraving machine melts and gasifies the metal on the surface of the irradiated position of the die to form metal particle suspension, so that dents are formed on the surface of the corresponding position of the die, namely the required grains are formed.

In view of the above-mentioned related art, metal particle suspensions generated in laser engraving process easily contaminate the air of the processing area, thereby endangering the respiratory system of operators located in the processing area, and thus, there is a need for improvement.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides an object provides a laser engraving machine and mould sculpture processing technology to reduce the metal particle suspended solid that floats in the air, thereby guarantee the air quality in processing region, with the risk that the respiratory system of the operating personnel who reduces processing region received the harm of metal particle suspended solid.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a laser engraving machine that adopts the following technical scheme:

a laser engraving machine comprises a base, a workbench for clamping a die to be processed, a machine head connected with the base, and a laser head for emitting laser to the direction of the workbench; the laser head is positioned above the workbench; the workbench and the machine head are connected with the base, and the laser head is connected with the machine head; the machine head is provided with a smoke collecting hood along the circumferential direction of the laser head, the smoke collecting hood is connected with a smoke suction pipe, one end of the smoke suction pipe, which is far away from the smoke collecting hood, is connected with a dust collecting box, and the dust collecting box is connected with a negative pressure source for sucking out gas in the dust collecting box; the dust collection box is internally provided with a filter element, and the filter element is used for filtering gas flowing from the smoking pipe to the air inlet end of the negative pressure source.

By adopting the technical scheme, the negative pressure source sucks out the gas in the dust collection box, so that the negative pressure can be formed in the smoke suction pipe, and the gas in the smoke collection cover can automatically flow into the dust collection box along the smoke suction pipe; after the metal particle suspended matters generated during the laser engraving process rise upwards into the fume collecting hood, the metal particle suspended matters can automatically flow into the dust collecting box along with the gas in the fume collecting hood; the gas mixed with the metal particle suspended matters is discharged from the air outlet end of the negative pressure fan after being filtered by the filter element, and the metal particle suspended matters are automatically collected in the dust box, so that the content of the metal particle suspended matters in the air in a processing area is reduced, and the effect of reducing the risk of harm of the metal particle suspended matters to the respiratory system of an operator is achieved.

Optionally, the flow direction of the gas in the dust box is set along the horizontal direction; a blanking hole is formed in the inner bottom wall of the dust box, which is positioned between the filter element and the smoke suction pipe, in a downward penetrating manner; the lower surface of dust collection box is provided with the collection box of being connected with the inside wall sealing of blanking hole.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, by the filterable metal particle of filter under self action of gravity can fall and fall to the collection incasement by blanking hole to be convenient for to the clearance and the collection of metal particle, be favorable to reducing the content of the metal particle in the dust collection case simultaneously, be favorable to guaranteeing the unobstructed nature of the air current passageway in the dust collection case, reduce the possibility that the filter is blockked up simultaneously.

Optionally, the collection box comprises a blanking pipe and a blanking box body detachably connected with one end of the blanking pipe, and one end of the blanking pipe, far away from the blanking box body, is in sealing connection with the inner side wall of the blanking hole; the outer peripheral wall of the blanking pipe is provided with an isolation hole in a penetrating mode along the wall thickness direction of the blanking pipe, the inner side wall of the isolation hole is connected with an isolation plate in a sliding mode along the depth direction of the isolation hole, and the isolation plate is used for blocking the blanking pipe.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the blanking box of needs clearance, slide the division board to the inside of blanking pipe to supply division board shutoff blanking pipe, can tear down blanking box and clearance blanking box. The partition plate can seal the blanking pipe, so that the dust box can be kept in a sealed state, the smoke suction pipe can be guaranteed to continuously absorb air mixed with metal particles in the smoke collecting hood, and the laser engraving working procedure can be kept in a continuous state, so that the laser engraving working efficiency is guaranteed.

Optionally, the isolation plate comprises a sliding plate slidingly connected with the inner side wall of the blanking pipe along the depth direction of the isolation hole and an extension plate connected with the sliding plate, and the extension plate can rotate downwards relative to the sliding plate;

sealing plates are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the sliding plate and are used for abutting against the inner side wall of the side, provided with the isolation hole, of the blanking pipe; the blanking pipe is provided with a supporting bulge, when the sealing plate is abutted with the inner side wall of one side of the blanking pipe, which is provided with the isolation hole, the extension plate is completely positioned outside the blanking pipe, and the lower surface of one end of the extension plate, which is close to the sliding plate, is abutted with the supporting bulge.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when need tear down the workbin body down, remove extension board to the inside of blanking pipe to supply extension board and sliding plate cooperation in order to shutoff blanking pipe. When the blanking box body is arranged on the blanking pipe, the extension plate is moved to the external direction of the blanking pipe so as to be completely moved to the external part of the blanking pipe, and then the extension plate can automatically rotate downwards under the action of self gravity so as to be abutted with the supporting bulge; at this time, under the dual actions of the gravity of the extension plate and the support of the support protrusion, the sliding plate receives the acting force of the extension plate in the direction of the outside of the blanking pipe, so that the sealing plate can automatically abut against the inner side wall of the blanking pipe to further seal the isolation hole.

The sliding plate, the extending plate, the sealing plate and the supporting protrusions are matched with each other, and the extending plate can move to the outside of the blanking hole and rotate downwards, so that the occupied space of the extending plate is reduced, and the possibility that the extending plate interferes with the action or operation of an operator is reduced; meanwhile, the sealing plate can be automatically abutted against the inner side wall of the blanking pipe to seal the isolation hole, so that the tightness of the inner space of the dust collection box is guaranteed.

Optionally, a sliding hole is formed in the upper surface of the dust collection box in a downward penetrating mode, and an operating rod is connected to the inner side wall of the sliding hole in a sliding mode; a driving rod is arranged in the dust box at a position between the filter element and the smoke suction pipe, and the driving rod is connected with the dust box in a sliding manner along the up-down direction; the driving rod is provided with cleaning bristles for abutting the filter element; the driving rod is connected with the operating rod, and the dust collection box is provided with a reset elastic piece for driving the operating rod to move upwards.

By adopting the technical scheme, the operating rod is pressed, so that the driving rod drives the cleaning brush hair to move downwards, and the cleaning brush hair can clean the filter piece, so that impurities such as metal particles or dust attached to the filter piece can fall into the blanking hole downwards, the air permeability of the filter piece is guaranteed, and the possibility of blocking the filter piece is reduced; after the operating rod is loosened, the reset elastic piece can enable the driving rod to reset automatically through the operating rod, and the operation is convenient and labor-saving.

Optionally, a connecting component is arranged between the cleaning brush hair and the driving rod, and the cleaning brush hair and the operating rod are connected with the driving rod through the connecting component; the connecting component comprises a connecting rod, two limiting protrusions and a rotating plate connected with the driving rod, and the rotating plate can rotate upwards or downwards relative to the driving rod; one of the limit protrusions is used for being abutted with the upper surface of the rotating plate, and the other limit protrusion is used for being abutted with the lower surface of the rotating plate; the cleaning brush hair is connected with the rotating plate; the operating rod is rotationally connected with the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is rotationally connected with the rotating plate; when the driving rod moves downwards, the cleaning bristles are abutted with the filter element, and when the driving rod moves upwards, the cleaning bristles are separated from the filter element.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when pressing the action bars, the pivoted panel is with one of them spacing protruding butt to drive the actuating lever and move downwards, simultaneously, clean brush hair and filter piece butt, in order to clear up debris such as metal particle or dust on the filter piece downwards; when the operation rod is reset upwards by the reset elastic piece, the rotating plate is abutted with the other limiting protrusion so as to drive the driving rod to move upwards, and meanwhile, the cleaning brush hair is separated from the filtering piece, so that the possibility that sundries such as metal particles or dust attached to the filtering piece are cleaned upwards and gathered at the upper end of the filtering piece is reduced.

Optionally, the inner bottom wall of the dust box at one side of the blanking hole close to the smoke suction pipe is provided with a material guiding surface, one end of the material guiding surface is connected with the inner end wall of the dust box at one end close to the smoke suction pipe, and the other end of the material guiding surface extends towards the blanking hole along the flowing direction of gas in the dust box and inclines downwards.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the slope of guide face sets up, is favorable to falling to the interior bottom wall department of dust collection box in debris such as metal particle, dust automatically slide into the blanking downthehole to reduce the possibility that debris such as metal particle, dust take place to gather in the dust collection box, piled up, thereby guarantee the unobstructed nature of the flow of the gas in the dust collection box.

Optionally, the lower extreme of collection petticoat pipe is provided with the gas blow pipe, the inlet end of gas blow pipe links to each other with the end of giving vent to anger of negative pressure source, the end of giving vent to anger of gas blow pipe is towards the inside direction of collection petticoat pipe and the upward sloping setting.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the gas that the end of giving vent to anger of negative pressure source blows in the inside of collection petticoat pipe by the gas blow pipe, is favorable to accelerating the inside air of collection petticoat pipe to the speed that flows in the smoking pipe to be favorable to improving the absorption efficiency of smoking pipe to metal particle suspended solid. Meanwhile, the air outlet pipe can accelerate the upward flowing speed of the air in the lower end of the fume collecting hood, so that the possibility that the air or metal particle suspended matters in the fume collecting hood leak from the lower end of the fume collecting hood is reduced.

Optionally, the fume collecting hood comprises a fixed hood connected with the machine head, an extension sleeve connected with the fixed hood in a sliding manner along the up-down direction, and a fixing piece for fixing the extension sleeve, wherein the fume suction pipe is connected with the fixed hood.

By adopting the technical scheme, the position of the extension sleeve can be adjusted according to the height of the upper surface of the die to be processed, so that the minimum distance between the lower end wall of the extension sleeve and the upper surface of the die to be processed is reduced as much as possible, the possibility of outward leakage of metal particle suspended matters generated in laser engraving processing is reduced, and the metal particle suspended matters can be fully sucked into the dust box by the smoke suction pipe.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a die engraving process adopting the following technical scheme:

the mould engraving processing technology adopts the laser engraving machine and comprises the following steps:

programming: programming a processing program according to the shape and the size of the die and the shape and the position of the lines to be engraved; inputting a processing program into a control system of the laser engraving machine;

clamping: clamping a die to be processed on a workbench;

carving: starting a laser engraving machine and a negative pressure source; the laser engraving machine processes the required grain modeling at the corresponding position of the die according to the processing program;

disassembling the die: and detaching the die after the engraving process is completed.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the metal particle suspended solid that produces in the laser sculpture processing course is inhaled the dust collection incasement by the smoking pipe, is favorable to reducing the content of metal particle suspended solid in the air of processing region, guarantees the cleanliness of the air of processing region.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. after the metal particle suspended matters generated during the laser engraving process rise upwards into the fume collecting hood, the metal particle suspended matters can automatically flow into the dust collecting box along with the gas in the fume collecting hood; the gas mixed with the metal particle suspended matters is discharged from the air outlet end of the negative pressure fan after being filtered by the filter element, and the metal particle suspended matters are automatically collected in the dust box, so that the content of the metal particle suspended matters in the air in a processing area is reduced, and the effect of reducing the risk of harm of the respiratory system of an operator by the metal particle suspended matters is achieved;

2. the sliding plate, the extending plate, the sealing plate and the supporting protrusions are matched with each other, and the extending plate can move to the outside of the blanking hole and rotate downwards, so that the occupied space of the extending plate is reduced, and the possibility that the extending plate interferes with the action or operation of an operator is reduced; meanwhile, the sealing plate can automatically abut against the inner side wall of the blanking pipe to seal the isolation hole, so that the tightness of the inner space of the dust collection box is guaranteed;

3. when the operation rod is reset and moved upwards by the reset elastic piece, the cleaning brush hair is separated from the filter piece, so that the possibility that impurities such as metal particles or dust attached to the filter piece are cleaned upwards and accumulated at the upper end of the filter piece is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a laser engraving machine according to the present application.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the dust box with the base and the table removed.

Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view for showing an internal structure of the dust box.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view for showing a connection structure between the slide plate and the down pipe.

Fig. 6 is a schematic sectional view for showing a state in which the sealing plate closes the blanking pipe.

In the figure, 1, a base; 11. a work table; 12. a machine head; 121. a laser head; 13. a column; 2. a fume collecting hood; 21. a fixed cover; 211. a smoke outlet pipe; 2111. a smoke suction pipe; 22. an extension sleeve; 221. fixing the screw holes; 222. a mounting hole; 223. an air blowing pipe; 2231. a connecting pipe; 23. a fixing member; 3. a dust collection box; 31. a smoke inlet pipe; 32. a filter; 33. replacing the hole; 34. a plugging plate; 35. a blanking hole; 36. a material guide plate; 361. a material guiding surface; 37. a slip hole; 371. an operation lever; 3711. a limiting plate; 38. a slip groove; 39. a return elastic member; 4. a collection box; 41. a blanking pipe; 411. an isolation hole; 412. a sliding groove; 413. a supporting protrusion; 42. a blanking box body; 5. a driving rod; 51. cleaning bristles; 52. a connection assembly; 521. a connecting rod; 522. a limit protrusion; 523. a rotating plate; 6. a partition plate; 61. a sliding plate; 611. a sealing plate; 612. matching plates; 62. an extension plate; 621. a mating groove; 6211. and a sealing gasket.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-6.

A laser engraving machine, referring to fig. 1 and 2, comprises a base 1, a workbench 11, a machine head 12, a laser head 121 and a protective cover (not shown in the figures). The upper surface of the workbench 11 is used for clamping a die to be processed; the table 11 is connected to the base 1, and the table 11 is slidable relative to the base 1 along the length direction and the width direction of the base 1 to adjust the position of the table 11 in the horizontal plane. The base 1 is fixedly provided with an upright post 13 extending upwards, and the machine head 12 is connected with the upright post 13; the machine head 12 is positioned above the workbench 11, and the laser head 121 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the machine head 12; the laser head 121 is connected with a laser generator (not shown in the figure) for the laser head 121 to generate laser in the direction of the die to be processed, so that the required texture can be engraved on the surface of the die. The head 12 is movable in the up-down direction relative to the upright 13 for adjusting the distance between the laser head 121 and the die to be machined. The protection cover is fixedly connected with the base 1, and covers the machine head 12 and the workbench 11, so as to achieve the protection effect. The connection structure between the workbench 11 and the base 1, and the connection structure between the nose 12 and the upright 13 are disclosed in the related art, and the description of this embodiment is omitted.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the handpiece 12 is provided with a fume collecting hood 2, and the fume collecting hood 2 includes a fixed hood 21, an extension sleeve 22, and a fixing piece 23. The fixed cover 21 is a conical shell with two ends penetrating and hollow inside; the fixed cover 21 covers the laser head 121, and the smaller end of the cross section of the fixed cover 21 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the machine head 12 through bolts. The extension sleeve 22 is fitted over the outside of the fixed cover 21, and the inner peripheral wall of the extension sleeve 22 is fitted to the outer peripheral wall of the lower end of the fixed cover 21 so that the extension sleeve 22 slides in the up-down direction relative to the fixed cover 21. The outer peripheral wall of the extension sleeve 22 is provided with a fixing screw hole 221 along the wall thickness direction of the extension sleeve 22; the fixing piece 23 comprises a fixing screw, and the fixing piece 23 is in threaded connection with the inner side wall of the fixing screw hole 221; after the position of the extension sleeve 22 is adjusted, the fixing member 23 is screwed, so that the fixing member 23 abuts against the outer peripheral wall of the fixing cover 21 to fix the extension sleeve 22.

Referring to fig. 2, the extension sleeve 22 may house metal particle suspensions generated during laser engraving. The outer peripheral wall of the fixed cover 21 is welded and fixed with a smoke outlet pipe 211, and the smoke outlet pipe 211 is connected with a smoke suction pipe 2111 and a hose at the position of the smoke suction pipe 2111. A dust box 3 is provided at a position of the smoking pipe 2111 away from one end of the fixed cover 21; the dust box 3 is supported on the ground by a bracket, and the length direction of the dust box 3 is set in the horizontal direction. The end wall of one end of the dust box 3 along the length direction is fixedly welded with a smoke inlet pipe 31; the end of the smoke tube 2111 remote from the smoke outlet tube 211 is connected to the smoke inlet tube 31 so that the inside of the fixing cover 21 communicates with the inside of the dust box 3.

Referring to fig. 2, the dust box 3 is connected to a negative pressure source (not shown) including a negative pressure fan at an end thereof remote from the smoke suction pipe 2111 through a pipe. The negative pressure source can suck out the gas in the dust box 3 so that the inside of the dust box 3 and the inside of the smoking pipe 2111 are in a negative pressure state, namely, the gas mixed with the metal particles in the extension sleeve 22 and the fixed cover 21 is sucked into the smoking pipe 2111. The dust box 3 is provided with a filter 32 inside, and the filter 32 is located between the smoke suction pipe 2111 and the air inlet end of the negative pressure source for filtering the air flowing from the smoke suction pipe 31 to the negative pressure fan.

Referring to fig. 2, the outer circumferential wall of the lower end of the extension sleeve 22 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 222, which are sequentially spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the extension sleeve 22. Each mounting hole 222 is internally penetrated and inserted with an air blowing pipe 223, one end of each air blowing pipe 223, which is positioned in the extension sleeve 22, is obliquely arranged upwards, and each air blowing pipe 223 is fixedly welded with the inner side wall of the corresponding mounting hole 222. All the air blowing pipes 223 are commonly connected with a connecting pipe 2231, and the connecting pipe 2231 is connected with the air outlet end of the negative pressure source through a pipeline (not shown in the figure) so that the air discharged from the air outlet end of the negative pressure source flows back into the fixed cover 21 through the air blowing pipes 223, and the air mixed with metal particles in the extension sleeve 22 and the fixed cover 21 can be promoted to flow into the smoking pipe 2111 by the back-flowing air, so that the air suction effect of the smoking pipe 2111 is improved.

Referring to fig. 2, the filter member 32 includes an air filter element. The upper surface of the dust box 3 is provided with a replacement hole 33 downwards in a penetrating way for disassembling or installing the filter element 32; the upper surface of the dust box 3 is fixedly mounted with a blocking plate 34 by means of screws to seal the replacement hole 33, thereby sealing the dust box 3. A blanking hole 35 is formed in the inner bottom wall of the dust box 3 in a downward penetrating manner, and the blanking hole 35 is positioned between the filter element 32 and the smoke inlet pipe 31. The dust bin 3 is provided with a collecting bin 4, the collecting bin 4 comprising a blanking pipe 41 and a blanking box 42. One end of the blanking pipe 41 is welded and fixed with the lower surface of the dust box 3, and the other end of the blanking pipe extends downwards to seal and cover the blanking hole 35 inside; the blanking box 42 is detachably connected with the lower end of the blanking pipe 41 through a flange.

Referring to fig. 2, the inner bottom wall of the dust box 3 is provided with a guide plate 36, and the guide plate 36 is positioned at one side of the blanking hole 35 away from the filter 32; one end of the guide plate 36 is welded and fixed with the inner bottom wall of the dust box 3 at a position close to the blanking hole 35, the other end of the guide plate extends along the length direction of the dust box 3 in a direction away from the blanking hole 35 and is arranged in an upward inclined manner, and the blanking plate is welded and fixed with the inner end wall of the dust box 3 at one end close to the smoke inlet pipe 31; the upper surface of the blanking plate forms an inclined material guiding surface 361, which is beneficial to automatically sliding sundries such as metal particles or dust in the dust collection box 3 into the blanking hole 35. In this embodiment, the dimension of the blanking hole 35 along the length direction of the dust box 3 is smaller than the dimension of the blanking pipe 41 along the length direction of the dust box 3, which is beneficial to reducing the possibility that metal particles or dust and the like in the collecting box 4 or the blanking pipe 41 reenter the dust box 3 through the blanking hole 35. In another embodiment, the material guiding surface 361 may be integrally formed on the inner bottom wall of the dust box 3.

Referring to fig. 3, a sliding hole 37 is formed downwardly through the upper surface of the dust box 3, and the sliding hole 37 is located at one side of the filter 32 close to the smoke inlet pipe 31. The slide hole 37 is inserted with an operation lever 371, and the peripheral wall of the operation lever 371 is fitted to the inner peripheral wall of the slide hole 37 so that the operation lever 371 slides in the up-down direction with respect to the dust box 3. A driving rod 5 is arranged in the dust collection box 3, and the driving rod 5 is positioned at one side of the filter element 32 close to the smoke suction pipe 2111; the length direction of the driving rod 5 is along the width direction of the dust box 3, and the inner side wall of the dust box 3 at each end of the driving rod 5 is provided with a sliding groove 38 along the up-down direction; each end of the driving rod 5 is slidably connected with the inner side wall of the corresponding sliding groove 38 in the up-down direction. The driving rod 5 is provided with cleaning bristles 51 and a connecting component 52, the cleaning bristles 51 and the operating rod 371 are connected with the driving rod 5 through the connecting component 52, and the cleaning bristles 51 can be abutted with the filter 32; the driving rod 5 can be driven to move up and down through the operating rod 371, namely the cleaning brush hair 51 can move relative to the filter element 32, so that the cleaning brush hair 51 can clean the filter element 32, and the possibility of blockage of the filter element 32 is reduced.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the connection assembly 52 includes a connection rod 521, a limit protrusion 522, and a rotation plate 523, wherein the rotation plate 523 is located at one side of the driving rod 5 near the filter member 32, and one side of the rotation plate 523 is hinged to the driving rod 5, and the other side extends toward the filter member 32, so that the rotation plate 523 can rotate upward or downward relative to the driving rod 5. The number of the limiting protrusions 522 is two, and the two limiting protrusions 522 are in a block shape; one of the limit protrusions 522 is located above the rotating plate 523, the other limit protrusion 522 is located below the rotating plate 523, the two limit protrusions 522 are welded and fixed with the driving rod 5, and the distance between the two limit protrusions 522 is larger than the thickness of the rotating plate 523. One end of the connecting rod 521 is hinged with the rotating plate 523, and the other end is hinged with the operating rod 371; the cleaning brush 51 is adhered to the lower surface of the side of the rotary plate 523 remote from the driving lever 5. When the operation lever 371 is moved downward, the operation lever 371 rotates the rotation plate 523 downward with respect to the driving lever 5 through the connection lever 521 so that the rotation plate 523 is abutted with the limit projection 522 located at the lower position while the cleaning brush 51 is abutted with the filter 32; continued pressing of the lever 371 causes the drive rod 5 to move downwardly simultaneously for the cleaning bristles 51 to clean the filter element 32 downwardly.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a stopper plate 3711 is welded to the upper end wall of the lever 371. The outside of the dust box 3 is provided with a reset elastic piece 39, and the reset elastic piece 39 comprises a spring; the reset elastic piece 39 is sleeved on the operating rod 371, one end of the reset elastic piece 39 is abutted with the upper surface of the dust box 3, and the other end is abutted with the lower surface of the limiting plate 3711; the return spring 39 is in a compressed state. When the operating rod 371 is released, the reset elastic piece 39 enables the operating rod 371 to move upwards, so that the operating rod 371 drives the rotating plate 523 to rotate upwards through the connecting rod 521, and the cleaning brush hair 51 can be separated from the filter piece 32; when the rotating plate 523 is abutted against the limit protrusion 522 located at the upper position, the driving can be synchronously moved upwards and reset. In this embodiment, the side wall of the driving rod 5 is attached to the inner side wall of the sliding groove 38, and a friction force is provided between the driving rod 5 and the inner side wall of the sliding groove 38; therefore, when the rotation plate 523 abuts against the limit projection 522, the driving lever 5 can be moved synchronously by moving the operation lever 371.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, an isolation hole 411 is formed in the peripheral wall of one side of the blanking pipe 41 in a penetrating manner along the wall thickness direction of the blanking pipe 41, the isolation hole 411 is a strip-shaped hole, the length direction of the isolation hole 411 is set along the width direction of the blanking pipe 41, and inner end walls of two ends of the isolation hole 411 are all flush with inner side walls of the corresponding side of the blanking pipe 41. The blanking pipe 41 is provided with a partition plate 6, the partition plate 6 comprises a sliding plate 61 and an extension plate 62, the sliding plate 61 is positioned in the dust box 3, the inner side wall of each end position of the blanking pipe 41 positioned in the partition hole 411 is provided with a sliding groove 412 along the depth direction of the partition hole 411, and the sliding plate 61 is in sliding connection with the inner side wall of the sliding groove 412.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, one end of the extension plate 62 is rotatably coupled to one side of the sliding plate 61 near the isolation hole 411 through a rotation shaft; sealing plates 611 are welded and fixed to the surfaces of both the upper and lower sides of the sliding plate 61. Pulling the extension plate 62 outwards, when the sealing plate 611 abuts against the inner side wall of the side of the blanking pipe 41 where the isolation hole 411 is formed, the extension plate 62 is completely located outside the blanking pipe 41; at this time, the extension plate 62 may be rotated downward. The outer side wall of the blanking pipe 41 at a position below the isolation hole 411 is welded and fixed with a supporting protrusion 413; when the extension plate 62 rotates downward, the supporting protrusion 413 may abut against the lower surface of the end of the extension plate 62 near the sliding plate 61, so that the extension plate 62 is inclined, and the sealing plate 611 is kept in close contact with the inner sidewall of the blanking pipe 41, so as to further seal the isolation hole 411.

Referring to fig. 6, when the blanking box 42 needs to be cleaned, the extension plate 62 is rotated upward and pushes the extension plate 62 in the direction of the inside of the blanking pipe 41, and the extension plate 62 can be inserted into the inside of the blanking pipe 41 through the isolation hole 411 to block the blanking pipe 41, ensuring the sealability of the inside of the blanking pipe 41 and the inside of the dust box 3. In this embodiment, the sliding plate 61 is integrally formed with a fitting plate 612 extending toward the extending plate 62 along the sliding direction thereof, the extending plate 62 is provided with a fitting groove 621 for the fitting plate 612 to be embedded therein, and a sealing pad 6211 is fixedly adhered to the bottom wall of the fitting groove 621 for improving the sealing performance of the connection between the extending plate 62 and the sliding plate 61.

The implementation principle of the embodiment of the application is as follows:

the negative pressure source is started, so that the inside of the fixed cover 21 can form negative pressure; the metal particle suspended matters generated during the laser engraving process can flow upwards along with the gas and flow into the dust box 3 along the smoking pipe 2111; the filter 32 can filter impurities such as metal particles or dust in the gas, so that the content of metal particle suspended matters in the air of the processing area can be reduced, and the cleanliness of the air of the processing area can be ensured, so that the possibility that the respiratory system of an operator is damaged by the metal particle suspended matters generated during laser processing is reduced.

The embodiment also discloses a die engraving process, which adopts the laser engraving machine and comprises the following steps:

s1, programming:

s11, programming a processing program according to the shape and the size of a die to be processed and the position and the shape of lines to be engraved;

s12, inputting a processing program into a control system of the laser engraving machine;

s2, clamping: clamping a die to be processed on a workbench 11;

s3, engraving:

s31, loosening the fixing piece 23, adjusting the height of the extension sleeve 22, and fixing the extension sleeve 22 through the fixing piece 23; ensuring that the height of the extension sleeve 22 or the air blow pipe 223 is higher than the highest position of the upper surface of the mold to be processed;

s32, starting the laser engraving machine and the negative pressure source;

the laser engraving machine processes the required grain modeling at the corresponding position of the die according to the processing program;

the metal particle suspended matters generated in the laser engraving process are sucked into the dust box 3 by the smoke suction pipe 2111;

s4, disassembling the die: and detaching the die after the engraving process is completed.

The embodiments of this embodiment are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, in which like parts are denoted by like reference numerals. Therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.

Claims (10)

1. A laser engraving machine comprises a base (1), a workbench (11) for clamping a die to be processed, a machine head (12) connected with the base (1), and a laser head (121) for emitting laser to the direction of the workbench (11); the method is characterized in that: the laser head (121) is positioned above the workbench (11); the workbench (11) and the machine head (12) are connected with the base (1), and the laser head (121) is connected with the machine head (12); the machine head (12) is provided with a fume collecting hood (2) along the circumferential direction of the laser head (121), the fume collecting hood (2) is connected with a fume suction pipe (2111), one end, far away from the fume collecting hood (2), of the fume suction pipe (2111) is connected with a dust collecting box (3), and the dust collecting box (3) is connected with a negative pressure source for sucking out gas in the dust collecting box; a filter (32) is arranged in the dust box (3), and the filter (32) is used for filtering gas flowing from the smoking pipe (2111) to the air inlet end of the negative pressure source.

2. The laser engraving machine of claim 1, wherein: the flow direction of the gas in the dust box (3) is set along the horizontal direction; a blanking hole (35) is formed in the inner bottom wall of the dust collection box (3) at a position between the filter element (32) and the smoke suction pipe (2111) in a penetrating way; the lower surface of the dust box (3) is provided with a collecting box (4) which is connected with the inner side wall of the blanking hole (35) in a sealing way.

3. The laser engraving machine of claim 2, wherein: the collecting box (4) comprises a blanking pipe (41) and a blanking box body (42) detachably connected with one end of the blanking pipe (41), and one end, far away from the blanking box body (42), of the blanking pipe (41) is in sealing connection with the inner side wall of the blanking hole (35); the outer peripheral wall of the blanking pipe (41) is provided with an isolation hole (411) in a penetrating mode along the wall thickness direction of the blanking pipe (41), the inner side wall of the isolation hole (411) is connected with an isolation plate (6) in a sliding mode along the depth direction of the isolation hole (411), and the isolation plate (6) is used for sealing the blanking pipe (41).

4. The laser engraving machine of claim 3, wherein: the isolation plate (6) comprises a sliding plate (61) which is slidingly connected with the inner side wall of the blanking pipe (41) along the depth direction of the isolation hole (411) and an extension plate (62) which is connected with the sliding plate (61), and the extension plate (62) can rotate downwards relative to the sliding plate (61);

sealing plates (611) are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the sliding plate (61), and the sealing plates (611) are used for abutting against the inner side wall of the side, provided with the isolation holes (411), of the blanking pipe (41); the blanking pipe (41) is provided with a supporting protrusion (413), when the sealing plate (611) is abutted against the inner side wall of one side of the blanking pipe (41) where the isolation hole (411) is arranged, the extension plate (62) is completely positioned outside the blanking pipe (41), and the lower surface of one end, close to the sliding plate (61), of the extension plate (62) is abutted against the supporting protrusion (413).

5. The laser engraving machine of claim 2, wherein: the upper surface of the dust box (3) is provided with a sliding hole (37) in a downward penetrating way, and the inner side wall of the sliding hole (37) is connected with an operating rod (371) in a sliding way; a driving rod (5) is arranged in the dust box (3) between the filter element (32) and the smoke suction pipe (2111), and the driving rod (5) is connected with the dust box (3) in a sliding manner along the up-down direction; the driving rod (5) is provided with cleaning bristles (51) for abutting against the filter element (32); the driving rod (5) is connected with the operating rod (371), and the dust collection box (3) is provided with a reset elastic piece (39) for driving the operating rod (371) to move upwards.

6. The laser engraving machine of claim 5, wherein: a connecting component (52) is arranged between the cleaning brush hair (51) and the driving rod (5), and the cleaning brush hair (51) and the operating rod (371) are connected with the driving rod (5) through the connecting component (52); the connecting assembly (52) comprises a connecting rod (521), two limit bulges (522) and a rotating plate (523) connected with the driving rod (5), wherein the rotating plate (523) can rotate upwards or downwards relative to the driving rod (5); one of the limit protrusions (522) is used for abutting against the upper surface of the rotating plate (523), and the other limit protrusion (522) is used for abutting against the lower surface of the rotating plate (523); the cleaning brush hair (51) is connected with the rotating plate (523); the operation rod (371) is rotationally connected with the connecting rod (521), and the connecting rod (521) is rotationally connected with the rotating plate (523); when the driving rod (5) moves downwards, the cleaning bristles (51) are abutted with the filter element (32), and when the driving rod (5) moves upwards, the cleaning bristles (51) are separated from the filter element (32).

7. The laser engraving machine of claim 2, wherein: the dust box (3) is located the blanking hole (35) and is provided with guide surface (361) near the interior bottom wall of one side of inhaling tobacco pipe (2111), one of them one end of guide surface (361) links to each other with the interior end wall that dust box (3) is close to one end of inhaling tobacco pipe (2111), the other end of guide surface (361) extends and downward sloping to blanking hole (35) direction along the flow direction of the gas in dust box (3).

8. The laser engraving machine of claim 1, wherein: the lower extreme of collection petticoat pipe (2) is provided with gas blow pipe (223), the inlet end of gas blow pipe (223) links to each other with the end of giving vent to anger of negative pressure source, the direction and the upward slope setting of the inside orientation collection petticoat pipe (2) of the end of giving vent to anger of gas blow pipe (223).

9. The laser engraving machine of claim 1, wherein: the smoke collecting hood (2) comprises a fixed hood (21) connected with the machine head (12), an extension sleeve (22) slidingly connected with the fixed hood (21) along the up-down direction, and a fixing piece (23) used for fixing the extension sleeve (22), and the smoke suction pipe (2111) is connected with the fixed hood (21).

10. A die engraving process is characterized in that: the use of a laser engraving machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

programming: programming a processing program according to the shape and the size of the die and the shape and the position of the lines to be engraved; inputting a processing program into a control system of the laser engraving machine;

clamping: clamping a die to be processed on a workbench (11);

carving: starting a laser engraving machine and a negative pressure source; the laser engraving machine processes the required grain modeling at the corresponding position of the die according to the processing program;

disassembling the die: and detaching the die after the engraving process is completed.