CN117600502A - Thermal and forging composite device for metal 3D printer and control method - Google Patents
Thermal and forging composite device for metal 3D printer and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117600502A CN117600502A CN202311063554.1A CN202311063554A CN117600502A CN 117600502 A CN117600502 A CN 117600502A CN 202311063554 A CN202311063554 A CN 202311063554A CN 117600502 A CN117600502 A CN 117600502A
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/53—Nozzles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/50—Treatment of workpieces or articles during build-up, e.g. treatments applied to fused layers during build-up
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
Abstract
The heat and forging composite device for the metal 3D printer comprises a radiating fin throat pipe, an electromagnetic melting assembly, a temperature control mechanism and a gas forging mechanism, wherein the radiating fin throat pipe is arranged on the upper end surface of a supporting plate, the electromagnetic melting assembly is arranged on the bottom surface of the supporting plate, the upper end of a ceramic nozzle in the electromagnetic melting assembly is in butt joint with the lower port of the radiating fin throat pipe, a metal wire is vertically inserted into the ceramic nozzle from the radiating fin throat pipe, the temperature control mechanism is connected with the radiating fin throat pipe and the electromagnetic melting assembly, the gas forging mechanism is connected with the lower port of the ceramic nozzle, and an infrared temperature measuring probe corresponding to the ceramic nozzle is arranged at the lower part of the ceramic nozzle; according to the invention, the heating temperature of the desktop-level 3D printer can be effectively improved, the rapid melting and printing forming of the metal wires are realized, and various metal wires can be melted and printed through the power control of the electromagnetic induction coil, so that the universality of the desktop-level 3D printer is improved, the phenomena of metal wire blocking and nozzle blocking in the printer operation process can be avoided, and the printing efficiency and printing quality are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of 3D printers, in particular to a thermal and forging composite device for a metal 3D printer and a control method.
Background
The 3D printer is a manufacturing apparatus for forming a product by stacking raw materials layer by layer based on a digital model, and has an irreplaceable advantage in the manufacturing field of producing complex structural members as compared with the conventional processing apparatus. The desktop-level small-sized 3D printer with wider application in the medical field, the education field and the artistic creative field mainly comprises an FDM forming machine mainly made of PLA/ABS linear materials and a solid photo-curing forming machine for SLA which is made of liquid photosensitive resin. However, many difficulties still exist in the research and design of desktop-level metal 3D printer equipment, mainly concentrated on a hot extrusion device of a desktop machine, firstly, the temperature of a heating heat source of the desktop machine is low, the heating temperature of FDM and SLA machine types is only used for melting PLA/ABS and solidifying photosensitive resin, metal materials cannot be formed, so that the universality of the desktop machine is low, and the printing materials are single; secondly, the desktop machine temperature control aspect has the defect that the heat dissipation is poor, and the nozzle temperature can not keep stable, influences the state of printing consumable to reduce the quality of product, seriously can lead to the shower nozzle to block up even the damage of 3D printer.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a heat and forging composite device for a metal 3D printer and a control method.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a thermal and forging compound device for a metal 3D printer,
including installing the fin venturi at the backup pad up end, installing electromagnetic melting subassembly, temperature control mechanism, the gaseous forging mechanism in the backup pad bottom surface, the inside ceramic nozzle upper end of electromagnetic melting subassembly is sealed with the lower port of fin venturi and is docked, and the metal wire is coaxial vertical the inserting into the ceramic shower nozzle from the fin venturi in, and metal wire sliding connection is in the ceramic shower nozzle, and temperature control mechanism is connected with fin venturi and electromagnetic melting subassembly, and gaseous forging mechanism connects in the lower port department of ceramic shower nozzle, the lower part of ceramic shower nozzle is equipped with the infrared temperature measurement probe rather than corresponding for the temperature of real-time supervision ceramic shower nozzle.
Preferably, the temperature control mechanism comprises an eddy current cooler and a closed-loop controller, a first refrigerating pipe and a second refrigerating pipe are connected to the eddy current cooler, a sealing cover is arranged on the outer side of the heat radiating fin throat, heat loss is avoided to be too fast, a cylindrical shielding cover is arranged on the outer side of the melting assembly, the first refrigerating pipe is connected into the cylindrical shielding cover, the second refrigerating pipe is connected into the sealing cover, an exhaust pipe A for exhausting gas to form circulation is arranged on the sealing cover, an exhaust pipe B is arranged on the cylindrical shielding cover, and the closed-loop controller is connected with the infrared temperature measuring probe and the eddy current cooler through signal wires.
Preferably, the gas forging mechanism comprises an annular shell, a vent pipe, a sensor and a forging controller, wherein the annular shell is coaxially and fixedly arranged at the lower port of the ceramic spray head, a plurality of nozzles communicated with an inner cavity of the annular shell are uniformly distributed on the bottom surface of the annular shell, the nozzles are conical nozzles with a certain taper, electromagnetic valves for controlling the nozzles to be opened or closed are arranged at the nozzles, the outer end of the vent pipe is connected with a gas source, the gas source sends high-pressure gas into the vent pipe, the inner end of the gas source is connected into the annular shell, and the sensor is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the annular shell and is used for sensing position signals and sending the signals to the forging controller.
Preferably, the exhaust pipe A and the exhaust pipe B are connected with a vent pipe through a three-way joint, the vent pipe is a main air inlet pipeline, and control valves are arranged on the exhaust pipe A and the exhaust pipe B and are automatic control valves.
Preferably, a heat insulation ceramic sleeve and a heat insulation gasket are arranged between the upper end of the ceramic nozzle and the lower end opening of the radiating fin throat, the section of the heat insulation ceramic sleeve is groove-shaped, and the heat insulation gasket is coaxially arranged at the lower end of the heat insulation ceramic sleeve.
Preferably, a ceramic cylinder is sleeved outside the ceramic nozzle in the electromagnetic melting assembly, an electromagnetic induction coil is sleeved on the outer side surface of the ceramic cylinder, and two ends of the electromagnetic induction coil extend to two ends of the ceramic cylinder.
A control method of a thermal and forging composite device for a metal 3D printer comprises the following steps:
(1) the motor drives two rollers at the upper end of the cooling fin throat to rotate in opposite directions, and the metal wires are vertically conveyed downwards and sequentially enter the cooling fin throat and the ceramic nozzle;
(2) the metal wire generates induction current under the action of the electromagnetic induction coil, the temperature of the metal wire rises, the ceramic cylinder, the heat insulation gasket, the heat insulation ceramic sleeve and the ceramic nozzle seal the heat generated by the metal wire into the electromagnetic melting assembly, and the metal wire starts to be melted into molten metal under the action of high temperature;
(3) as the temperature of the electromagnetic melting assembly rises, the vortex cooler discharges cold inert gas into the sealed cover through the exhaust pipe A to cool the heat radiating fin throat, discharges cold inert gas into the cylindrical shielding cover through the exhaust pipe B to cool the electromagnetic melting assembly, and after the gas pressure in the sealed cover and the cylindrical shielding cover reaches a preset value, the control valve is opened to discharge the cold inert gas, so that the fluidity of the cold inert gas is maintained;
(4) the infrared temperature measurement probe transmits a temperature signal of the ceramic nozzle to the closed-loop controller, and when the measured temperature is lower than 200 ℃, the closed-loop controller controls the vortex cooler to reduce the air supply amount, so that inert cooling gas circulates in a sealing cover of the cooling fin throat and an electromagnetic shielding cover of the electromagnetic melting assembly at low temperature respectively;
(5) when the measured temperature exceeds the melting point of the metal wire by 50 ℃, the closed-loop controller controls the vortex cooler to increase the air supply quantity, increases the circulation temperature of inert cooling air in the sealing cover of the cooling fin throat and the electromagnetic shielding cover of the electromagnetic melting assembly, ensures that the metal wire is melted into molten metal, and reduces the high-temperature damage of the electromagnetic melting assembly;
(6) after the metal wire is melted into molten metal, the molten metal is sprayed out of the ceramic spray head under the action of gravity, the ceramic spray head prints according to a designed track, meanwhile, the air pipe is used for introducing inert gas into the annular shell, after a forging controller obtains a signal sprayed out of the molten metal through a sensor, an electromagnetic valve corresponding to the direction of the printing track is driven to be opened, and forging gas is sprayed out of a corresponding nozzle to spray and forge the molten metal along the track, so that solidification and molding of the molten metal are accelerated, and layer-by-layer superposition molding of printing materials is realized.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) According to the invention, the electromagnetic melting assembly is used as a heating source of the desktop-level 3D printer, the electromagnetic induction coil in the electromagnetic melting assembly has high heating efficiency on the metal wire, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, can effectively improve the heating temperature of the desktop-level 3D printer, realizes rapid melting and printing forming of the metal wire material, and can melt and print various metal wires through power control of the electromagnetic induction coil, thereby improving the universality of the desktop-level 3D printer.
(2) According to the invention, the infrared temperature measuring probe is used for measuring the temperature, the vortex cooler is used for controlling the temperature, and the closed-loop feedback temperature control loop is formed, so that on one hand, the influence of the too high heating temperature on the service life of peripheral components can be avoided, and on the other hand, the proper heating temperature control is adopted, the phenomena of metal wire blocking and nozzle blocking in the printer operation process are effectively avoided, and the printing efficiency and printing quality are improved.
(3) The forging controller can drive the electromagnetic valve corresponding to the direction of the printing track to be opened, forging gas is sprayed out from the corresponding nozzle to spray and forge the molten metal along the printing track, solidification and molding of the molten metal are accelerated, and the spraying track, time and spraying quantity of inert gas can be accurately controlled, so that the sprayed semi-solidified molten metal can be sprayed and forged with high quality and high efficiency, the microstructure can be thinned, and defects are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the annular housing;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the fin throat and the seal cap;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a fin throat and electromagnetic melting assembly.
In the figure, 11, the heat sink throat, 111, the fastening nut, 21, the ceramic nozzle, 22, the wire, 23, the ceramic cylinder, 231, the radial hole, 24, the electromagnetic induction coil, 25, the cylindrical shield, 26, the rubber plug, 31, the infrared temperature probe, 32, the vortex cooler, 33, the closed loop controller, 331, the signal line, 34, the refrigeration pipe A, 35, the refrigeration pipe B, 36, the exhaust pipe A, 37, the exhaust pipe B, 38, the sealing cover, 39, the control valve, 41, the annular shell, 411, the nozzle, 42, the vent pipe, 421, the three-way joint, 43, the forging controller, 44, the electromagnetic valve, 441, the valve seat, 442, the movable core, 443, the static core, 444, the driving coil, 445, the spring, 446, 51, the heat insulation ceramic sleeve, 52, the heat insulation gasket, 61, and 71.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-4 of the drawings, a thermal and forging composite device for a metal 3D printer includes a heat sink throat 11 mounted on an upper end surface of a support plate 71, an electromagnetic melting assembly mounted on a bottom surface of the support plate 71, a temperature control mechanism, and a gas forging mechanism, wherein a through hole is formed in a middle portion of the support plate 71, an upper end of a ceramic nozzle 21 inside the electromagnetic melting assembly passes through the through hole to be in butt joint with a lower port of the heat sink throat 11, the ceramic nozzle 21 and the heat sink throat 11 are fixedly connected through a fastening nut 111, a wire 22 is vertically inserted into the ceramic nozzle 21 from the heat sink throat 11, the temperature control mechanism is connected with the heat sink throat 11 and the electromagnetic melting assembly, temperatures of the heat sink throat 11 and the electromagnetic melting assembly are synchronously controlled, the gas forging mechanism is connected to a lower port of the ceramic nozzle 21, an infrared temperature measurement probe 31 corresponding to the ceramic nozzle 21 is arranged at a lower portion of the ceramic nozzle, and the infrared temperature measurement probe 31 is mounted in a fixing sleeve and a rubber plug 26 is arranged at an outer end of the fixing sleeve.
The temperature control mechanism comprises an eddy current cooler 32 and a closed-loop controller 33, wherein a refrigerating pipe A34 and a refrigerating pipe B35 are connected to the eddy current cooler 32, a sealing cover 38 is arranged on the outer side of a radiating fin throat 11, a cylindrical shielding cover 25 is arranged on the outer side of a melting assembly, a lower port of the sealing cover 38 is fixed on a supporting plate 71, a sealing gasket is arranged between the supporting plate 71 and the sealing cover 38, the refrigerating pipe A34 is connected into the cylindrical shielding cover 25, the cylindrical shielding cover 25 is formed by assembling two semicircular cover bodies, the refrigerating pipe B35 is connected into the sealing cover 38, an exhaust pipe A36 is arranged on the sealing cover, an exhaust pipe B37 is arranged on the cylindrical shielding cover, cold inert gas is discharged from the cylindrical shielding cover 25 and the sealing cover 38 respectively, the flowing circulation of the cold inert gas is kept, the closed-loop controller 33 is connected with an infrared temperature measuring probe 31 and the eddy current cooler 32 respectively through signal wires, and the closed-loop controller 33 controls the air quantity of the eddy current cooler 32 according to the temperature measured by the infrared temperature measuring probe 31.
The gas forging mechanism comprises an annular shell, a vent pipe, a sensor and a forging controller 43, wherein the annular shell 41 is coaxially and fixedly arranged at the lower port of the ceramic nozzle 21, a plurality of nozzles 411 communicated with the inner cavity of the annular shell 41 are uniformly distributed on the bottom surface of the annular shell 41, electromagnetic valves 44 used for controlling the opening or closing of the nozzles 411 are arranged at the positions, the outer end of the vent pipe 42 is connected with a gas source, the inner end of the vent pipe is connected into the annular shell 41, the sensor is distributed on the inner wall of the annular shell 41 and used for sensing position signals, and the signals are sent to the 43 forging controller. The inert gas source discharges the inert gas into the annular shell 41 through the vent pipe 42, and then the inert gas is synchronously sprayed out of the nozzle 411 on the bottom surface after being distributed in the cavity of the annular shell 41, and the sprayed semi-solidified molten metal is sprayed and forged, so that the microstructure can be thinned, and the defects are reduced. By controlling the opening or closing of the nozzle 411 at the bottom surface of the annular housing 41 by the solenoid valve, the injection time and the injection amount of the inert gas can be precisely controlled.
The electromagnetic valve comprises a valve seat 441, a movable iron core 442, a static iron core 443 and a driving coil 444, wherein the valve seat is arranged at an inlet of injection, the movable iron core 442 is slidably arranged in the valve seat 441, a valve core is arranged at the outer end of the movable iron core 442, the valve core 446 is opened or closed by the movable iron core 442, the outer end of the movable iron core 442 is sleeved in a sliding sleeve, the static iron core 443 is fixedly arranged at the outer end of the valve seat, a spring 445 is sleeved outside the movable iron core, and the driving coil 444 is sleeved on the outer side surface of the sliding sleeve.
The exhaust pipe A and the exhaust pipe B are connected with the vent pipe through three-way connectors, the exhaust pipe A36 and the exhaust pipe B37 are respectively provided with a control valve 39, the control valves 39 are opened to discharge cold inert gas, the fluidity of the cold inert gas in the cylindrical shielding cover 25 or the sealing cover is kept, the control valves 39 are closed, the cold inert gas enters the vent pipe 42 from the three-way connectors 421 to supplement the inert gas used for forging, and the 3D printer intermittently works, so the cold inert gas flowing into the inert gas source cannot collide with the inert gas used for forging.
The heat insulation ceramic sleeve 51 and the heat insulation gasket 52 are arranged between the upper end of the ceramic nozzle 21 and the lower port of the radiating fin throat 11, and the ceramic cylinder 23, the heat insulation gasket 52, the heat insulation ceramic sleeve 51 and the ceramic nozzle 21 seal heat generated by the metal wire 22 into the electromagnetic melting assembly, so that the sealing performance and the heating effect of the printer are improved.
The outside cover of the ceramic nozzle in the electromagnetic melting assembly is equipped with a ceramic cylinder 23, the outside face cover of the ceramic cylinder 23 is equipped with an electromagnetic induction coil 24, the lower part of the ceramic cylinder 23 is provided with a radial hole 231, and an infrared temperature measuring probe 31 coaxially corresponds to the radial hole 231, so that the internal temperature of the electromagnetic melting assembly can be measured more accurately.
In a second embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 4 of the specification, a control method of a thermal and forging composite device for a metal 3D printer includes the following steps:
(1) the two rollers 61 at the upper end of the heat sink throat 11 are driven by the machine to rotate in opposite directions, so that the metal wires 22 are vertically and downwards conveyed and sequentially enter the heat sink throat 11 and the ceramic nozzle 21;
(2) the metal wire 22 generates induction current under the action of the electromagnetic induction coil 24, the temperature of the metal wire 22 rises, the ceramic cylinder 23, the heat insulation gasket 52, the heat insulation ceramic sleeve 51 and the ceramic nozzle 21 seal the heat generated by the metal wire 22 into an electromagnetic melting assembly, and the metal wire 22 starts to melt into molten metal under the action of high temperature;
(3) the temperature of the electromagnetic melting assembly is increased, the vortex cooler 32 discharges cold inert gas into the sealed cover through the first exhaust pipe 36 to cool the heat radiating fin throat, discharges cold inert gas into the cylindrical shielding cover through the second exhaust pipe 37 to cool the electromagnetic melting assembly, and after the gas pressure in the sealed cover and the cylindrical shielding cover 25 reaches a preset value, 39 is opened to discharge the cold inert gas, so that the flowing circulation of the cold inert gas is maintained;
(4) the infrared temperature measurement probe 31 transmits a temperature signal of the ceramic nozzle 21 to the closed-loop controller 33, and when the measured temperature is lower than 200 ℃, the closed-loop controller controls the vortex cooler 32 to reduce the air supply amount, so that inert cooling air circulates in the sealing cover 38 of the cooling fin throat 11 and the electromagnetic shielding cover of the electromagnetic melting assembly at low temperature respectively;
(5) when the measured temperature exceeds the melting point of the metal wire by 50 ℃, the closed-loop controller 33 controls the vortex cooler 32 to increase the air supply amount, increase the circulation temperature of inert cooling air in the sealing cover 38 of the cooling fin throat 11 and the electromagnetic shielding cover of the electromagnetic melting assembly, ensure that the metal wire is melted into molten metal, and simultaneously reduce the high-temperature damage of the electromagnetic melting assembly;
(6) after the metal wire is melted into molten metal, the molten metal is sprayed out of the ceramic nozzle 21 under the action of gravity, meanwhile, inert gas is introduced into the annular shell 41 through the vent pipe, after a forging controller obtains signals sprayed out of the molten metal through a sensor, each electromagnetic valve 44 is controlled to be opened, forging gas is sprayed out of each nozzle at the same time to spray and forge the molten metal, solidification and molding of the molten metal are accelerated, and layer-by-layer superposition molding of printing materials is realized along with movement of the ceramic nozzle 21 according to a printing track.
Claims (7)
1. A metal 3D printer is with heat, forge composite set, characterized by:
including installing the fin venturi at the backup pad up end, installing electromagnetic melting subassembly, temperature control mechanism, the gaseous forging mechanism in the backup pad bottom surface, the inside ceramic nozzle upper end of electromagnetic melting subassembly is docked with the lower port of fin venturi, and the wire is vertical to be inserted in the ceramic nozzle from the fin venturi, and temperature control mechanism is connected with fin venturi and electromagnetic melting subassembly, and gaseous forging mechanism connects the lower port department at the ceramic nozzle, the lower part of ceramic nozzle is equipped with the infrared temperature measurement probe rather than corresponding.
2. The thermal and forging composite device for the metal 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein the thermal and forging composite device is characterized in that: the temperature control mechanism comprises an eddy current cooler and a closed-loop controller, wherein a first refrigerating pipe and a second refrigerating pipe are connected to the eddy current cooler, a sealing cover is arranged on the outer side of a cooling fin throat, a cylindrical shielding cover is arranged on the outer side of a melting assembly, the first refrigerating pipe is connected into the cylindrical shielding cover, the second refrigerating pipe is connected into the sealing cover, an exhaust pipe A is arranged on the sealing cover, an exhaust pipe B is arranged on the cylindrical shielding cover, and the closed-loop controller is connected with an infrared temperature measuring probe and the eddy current cooler through signal wires.
3. The thermal and forging composite device for the metal 3D printer according to claim 2, wherein the thermal and forging composite device is characterized in that: the gas forging mechanism comprises an annular shell, a vent pipe, a sensor and a forging controller, wherein the annular shell is coaxially and fixedly arranged at the lower port of the ceramic nozzle, a plurality of nozzles communicated with a cavity inside the annular shell are uniformly distributed on the bottom surface of the annular shell, electromagnetic valves for controlling the annular shell to be opened or closed are arranged at the nozzles, the outer end of the vent pipe is connected with a gas source, the inner end of the vent pipe is connected into the annular shell, the sensor is distributed on the inner wall of the annular shell and used for sensing position signals, and the signals are sent to the forging controller.
4. A thermal and forging composite device for a metal 3D printer according to claim 3, wherein: the exhaust pipe A and the exhaust pipe B are connected with the vent pipe through three-way connectors, and control valves are arranged on the exhaust pipe A and the exhaust pipe B.
5. The thermal and forging composite device for the metal 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein the thermal and forging composite device is characterized in that: and a heat insulation ceramic sleeve and a heat insulation gasket are arranged between the upper end of the ceramic nozzle and the lower port of the radiating fin throat.
6. The thermal and forging composite device for the metal 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein the thermal and forging composite device is characterized in that: the outer side of the ceramic nozzle in the electromagnetic melting assembly is sleeved with a ceramic cylinder, and the outer side surface of the ceramic cylinder is sleeved with an electromagnetic induction coil.
7. A control method of a thermal and forging composite device for a metal 3D printer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the motor drives two rollers at the upper end of the cooling fin throat to rotate in opposite directions, and the metal wires are vertically conveyed downwards and sequentially enter the cooling fin throat and the ceramic nozzle;
(2) the metal wire generates induction current under the action of the electromagnetic induction coil, the temperature of the metal wire rises, the ceramic cylinder, the heat insulation gasket, the heat insulation ceramic sleeve and the ceramic nozzle seal the heat generated by the metal wire into the electromagnetic melting assembly, and the metal wire starts to be melted into molten metal under the action of high temperature;
(3) as the temperature of the electromagnetic melting assembly rises, the vortex cooler discharges cold inert gas into the sealed cover through the exhaust pipe A to cool the heat radiating fin throat, discharges cold inert gas into the cylindrical shielding cover through the exhaust pipe B to cool the electromagnetic melting assembly, and after the gas pressure in the sealed cover and the cylindrical shielding cover reaches a preset value, the control valve is opened to discharge the cold inert gas, so that the fluidity of the cold inert gas is maintained;
(4) the infrared temperature measurement probe transmits a temperature signal of the ceramic nozzle to the closed-loop controller, and when the measured temperature is lower than 200 ℃, the closed-loop controller controls the vortex cooler to reduce the air supply amount, so that inert cooling gas circulates in a sealing cover of the cooling fin throat and an electromagnetic shielding cover of the electromagnetic melting assembly at low temperature respectively;
(5) when the measured temperature exceeds the melting point of the metal wire by 50 ℃, the closed-loop controller controls the vortex cooler to increase the air supply quantity, increases the circulation temperature of inert cooling air in the sealing cover of the cooling fin throat and the electromagnetic shielding cover of the electromagnetic melting assembly, ensures that the metal wire is melted into molten metal, and reduces the high-temperature damage of the electromagnetic melting assembly;
(6) after the metal wire is melted into molten metal, the molten metal is sprayed out of the ceramic spray head under the action of gravity, the ceramic spray head prints according to a designed track, meanwhile, the air pipe is used for introducing inert gas into the annular shell, after a forging controller obtains a signal sprayed out of the molten metal through a sensor, an electromagnetic valve corresponding to the direction of the printing track is driven to be opened, and forging gas is sprayed out of a corresponding nozzle to spray and forge the molten metal along the track, so that solidification and molding of the molten metal are accelerated, and layer-by-layer superposition molding of printing materials is realized.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311063554.1A CN117600502B (en) | 2023-08-23 | 2023-08-23 | Thermal and forging composite device for metal 3D printer and control method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311063554.1A CN117600502B (en) | 2023-08-23 | 2023-08-23 | Thermal and forging composite device for metal 3D printer and control method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117600502A true CN117600502A (en) | 2024-02-27 |
| CN117600502B CN117600502B (en) | 2024-06-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202311063554.1A Active CN117600502B (en) | 2023-08-23 | 2023-08-23 | Thermal and forging composite device for metal 3D printer and control method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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