CN117595617B - Transient response control circuit and switching converter - Google Patents
Transient response control circuit and switching converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN117595617B CN117595617B CN202410074115.9A CN202410074115A CN117595617B CN 117595617 B CN117595617 B CN 117595617B CN 202410074115 A CN202410074115 A CN 202410074115A CN 117595617 B CN117595617 B CN 117595617B
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- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 173
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005316 response function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Abstract
The invention discloses a transient response control circuit and a switching converter, and relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, wherein the transient response control circuit comprises an output detection module, an upper pipe control module and an acceleration control logic module, wherein the output detection module detects whether the output voltage of the switching converter is reduced or not and generates an output voltage reduction detection signal; wherein the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is positively correlated with the drop degree of the output voltage; the upper tube control module controls the upper tube to be turned on and off based on the output voltage drop detection signal and the upper tube on-time control signal; the acceleration control logic module masks or does not mask the on-time control signal based on the output voltage drop detection signal to keep the upper tube on during an active level of the output voltage drop detection signal during the mask on-time control signal. The invention can improve the load transient response capability of the switching converter and enable the output voltage to quickly recover to be normal.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of electronic circuits, and in particular, to a transient response control circuit and a switching converter.
Background
Direct current-to-direct current (DC-DC) based switching converters are one of the most widespread power management chips.
In the prior art switching converter, as shown in fig. 1, a power switch connected to an input voltage VIN is called an upper tube, and a grounded power switch is called a lower tube. In the existing control mode, a control circuit in the switching converter periodically turns on and off the upper tube and the lower tube, so that the inductance current of the switching converter is continuously changed, and the input voltage VIN is converted into the output voltage VOUT and the output voltage VOUT is maintained stable. Specific: when detecting that the output voltage VOUT drops, the control circuit controls the upper tube to be conducted, the input voltage VIN supplies power to the inductor through the upper tube, so that the inductor current IL is increased, and the output voltage VOUT rises; when the upper tube is turned off and the lower tube is turned on, the inductor discharges through the lower tube, so that the inductor current IL is reduced to maintain the output voltage VOUT stable.
In some application scenarios, the output voltage may drop by a large extent, far beyond the normal drop of the output voltage of the switching converter in a normal operating state. For example, when the switching converter is switched from light load or no load to heavy load, the load current will rise rapidly, the output voltage will be pulled down by the load current and the drop width will be large. However, based on the existing control scheme, the load transient response is slow, making it difficult for the output voltage to quickly recover to the normal magnitude.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a transient response control circuit and a switching converter, which are used for solving the problem that the load transient response of the switching converter is slow under the existing control mode, so that the output voltage is difficult to quickly recover to the normal amplitude when the output voltage is greatly reduced.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, from a first aspect, the present invention discloses a transient response control circuit comprising:
the output detection module is used for detecting whether the output voltage of the switching converter drops or not and generating an output voltage drop detection signal; wherein the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is positively correlated with the drop degree of the output voltage;
the upper tube control module is used for controlling the upper tube to be turned on and off based on the output voltage drop detection signal and the upper tube on-time control signal;
the acceleration control logic module masks or does not mask the on-time control signal based on the output voltage drop detection signal to keep the upper tube on during the active level of the output voltage drop detection signal during the mask on-time control signal.
The invention controls the upper tube conduction time of the switch converter by detecting the falling degree of the output voltage, in particular to shield or not shield the conduction time control signal for indicating the upper tube to be turned off by the output voltage falling detection signal representing the falling degree of the output voltage, so that the upper tube is kept conducting during the effective level of the output voltage falling detection signal during the period of shielding the conduction time control signal, and the upper tube conduction time is prolonged. Under the condition that the load of the switching converter is changed from light load to heavy load in a rapid jump way, the invention can prolong the on time of the upper tube along with the descending degree of the output voltage, and the longer the output voltage is, the more the upper tube is turned on, so that the inductance current is rapidly increased, the current required by the output load is reached in a very short time, the output voltage is prevented from descending and is rapidly restored to normal amplitude, and the load transient response capability of the switching converter is greatly improved.
In one embodiment of the present invention, an acceleration control logic module includes:
and a logic circuit for masking the on-time control signal during an active level of the output voltage drop detection signal.
In one embodiment of the present invention, an acceleration control logic module includes:
the delay circuit is used for detecting the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal based on the reference threshold value and outputting a level width detection signal;
and a logic circuit for masking the on-time control signal during a period in which the level width detection signal indicates that the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is equal to or greater than the reference threshold.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the output voltage drops due to normal operation of the switching converter, the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is smaller than the reference threshold;
when the output voltage drops due to the switching of the switching converter from the light load or the no-load to the heavy load, the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is greater than or equal to the reference threshold.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a delay circuit includes: a switch module and a level width detection module;
the switch module responds to the level state of the output voltage drop detection signal, and controls the level width detection module to start detection when the level state is an effective level;
the level width detection module is used for detecting whether the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is larger than or equal to a reference threshold value or not, and outputting the level width detection signal.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the level width detection module includes:
the timing unit is used for starting timing when the output voltage drop detection signal is at an effective level and generating a timing signal;
and the comparison unit is used for comparing the timing signal with a reference threshold value and outputting a level width detection signal.
In an embodiment of the invention, the switch module comprises a first inverter and a controlled switch, and the timing unit comprises a current source and a capacitor; the capacitor is connected between the current source and the ground, the controlled switch is connected in parallel with two ends of the capacitor, wherein an output voltage drop detection signal is connected to the controlled switch through the first inverter so as to control the controlled switch to be disconnected when the output voltage drop detection signal is in an effective level, and the current source is enabled to charge the capacitor to generate a timing signal.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a logic circuit includes: a nor gate and a second inverter; the first input end of the NOR gate is connected with a level width detection signal, the second input end of the NOR gate is connected with a conduction time control signal through a second inverter, and the output end of the NOR gate outputs a logic signal for controlling the upper pipe to be turned off to the upper pipe control module.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a logic circuit includes: a nor gate and a second inverter; the first input end of the NOR gate is connected with an output voltage drop detection signal, the second input end of the NOR gate is connected with a conduction time control signal through a second inverter, and the output end of the NOR gate outputs a logic signal for controlling the upper pipe to be turned off to the upper pipe control module.
In an embodiment of the invention, the upper tube control module is an SR flip-flop, wherein a set end of the SR flip-flop is used for accessing an output voltage drop detection signal, a reset end is used for accessing a logic signal, and an output end outputs a switch control signal for controlling the upper tube to be turned on and off.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the transient response control circuit operates in a constant on-time mode.
From a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further discloses a switching converter, which includes the transient response control circuit according to the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.
The invention has the following advantages:
the invention detects the descending degree of the output voltage and shields or does not shield the conduction time control signal for indicating the turn-off of the upper tube based on the descending degree, so that the upper tube can be kept on until the output voltage approaches to the normal voltage during the period of shielding the conduction time control signal. Based on the thought, under the condition that the load of the switching converter is changed from light load to heavy load in a rapid jump manner, the invention can prolong the conduction time of the upper tube along with the descending degree of the output voltage, and the longer the output voltage is, the longer the upper tube conduction time of the switching converter can be, so that the inductance current is rapidly increased, the current required by the output load is reached in extremely short time, the output voltage is prevented from descending and is rapidly restored to normal amplitude, and the load transient response capability of the switching converter is greatly improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a control loop of a prior art switching converter;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transient response control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an architecture of a transient response control circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of another architecture of a transient response control circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a delay circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a delay circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram illustrating operation of a delay circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a transient response control circuit of the architecture of FIG. 3;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a transient response control circuit of the architecture of FIG. 4;
fig. 10 is a waveform diagram illustrating operation of the transient response control circuit of the architecture of fig. 4.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Common control modes of switching converters in the art are the Ipeak (inductive peak current) +cot toff (constant off time) mode, the Ipeak + fixed frequency mode, or the Cot ton (constant on time) +ripple control mode.
For example, in one control mode of Ipeak, the control circuit compares the feedback signal of the reference voltage and the output voltage VOUT to control the peak current Ipeak of the increased inductance when the output voltage drop is detected, turns off the upper tube after the inductor current reaches the peak current Ipeak of the inductance set by the loop, then turns on the lower tube, and normally turns on for a minimum off time mintoff (in CCM (Continuous Conduction Mode, continuous on time) mode, the lower tube on time is equal to the upper tube off time), and if the output voltage is still lower than the normal voltage amplitude, the upper tube is continuously turned on, and then the above process is repeated until the output voltage returns to the normal amplitude.
For example, in the control mode of coton, a fixed conduction time is started when the drop of the output voltage is detected, then the lower tube is turned on, and after a period of time, usually a mintoff, if the output voltage is still lower than normal, the upper tube is continuously turned on, and then the above process is repeated until the output voltage returns to the normal amplitude.
The inventor finds that in the control modes, in the process of recovering after the output voltage drops, after the upper pipe is conducted, a lower pipe conduction time mintoff exists, in the time, the inductance current is reduced, the inductance current cannot be quickly increased, when the output voltage drops to a larger extent, the speed of recovering the output voltage to a normal extent is slower based on the existence of the lower pipe conduction time mintoff, and some applications with higher requirements on the load transient response of the switching converter are difficult to meet.
In view of this, referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a transient response control circuit, including: the system comprises an output detection module, an upper pipe control module and an acceleration control logic module. Wherein: the output detection module is used for detecting whether the output voltage of the switching converter drops or not and generating an output voltage drop detection signal; wherein the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is positively correlated with the drop degree of the output voltage; the upper tube control module controls the upper tube to be turned on and off based on the output voltage drop detection signal and the upper tube on-time control signal; the acceleration control logic module masks or does not mask the on-time control signal based on the output voltage drop detection signal to keep the upper tube on during an active level of the output voltage drop detection signal during the masking of the on-time control signal.
The switching converter of the embodiment of the invention can be a switching power supply buck converter, and the output detection module is used for detecting whether the output voltage of the switching converter is reduced or not so as to generate an output voltage reduction detection signal, wherein the output voltage reduction detection signal is a signal for indicating whether the upper tube is conducted or not. When the level of the output voltage drop detection signal is effective, the upper tube control module is triggered to control the upper tube to be conducted, so that the input voltage can be charged to the inductor through the upper tube, the inductor current is increased, the output capacitor is accelerated to be charged, the output voltage on the output capacitor is enabled to rise until the level of the upper tube conduction time control signal becomes effective, and the upper tube control module is used for effectively controlling the upper tube to be turned off based on the level of the conduction time control signal.
When the output voltage drops, the level of the output voltage drop detection signal becomes valid, or the level of the output voltage drop detection signal effectively characterizes the output voltage drop. The effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is positively correlated with the drop degree of the output voltage, namely: the more the output voltage drops, the wider the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal; if the output voltage drops less, the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is also narrower. In practical application, if the output voltage is reduced based on normal operation of the switching converter, the reduction degree of the output voltage is not great, which is reflected by narrower effective level width of the output voltage reduction detection signal; if the switching converter is switched from light load or no load to heavy load, the load current can rise rapidly, the output voltage can be pulled down by the load current, the falling amplitude is large, and the effective level width of the output voltage falling detection signal is wide.
If the existing control mode is adopted, for example, under the condition that the switching converter is rapidly switched from light load or no load to heavy load, although the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is wider, namely the output voltage is indicated to be still in a drop state, if the level of the on-time control signal of the upper tube becomes effective, the upper tube control module still controls the upper tube to be turned off, then the lower tube is turned on, at the moment, the inductance current is reduced, the output voltage cannot be quickly restored to normal amplitude, and the load transient response capability of the switching converter is weak. To improve the load transient response capability of the switching converter, the embodiment of the invention adds an acceleration control logic module, which masks or does not mask the on-time control signal based on the output voltage drop detection signal, so that the upper tube can be kept on effectively based on the level of the output voltage drop detection signal at least during the period of masking the on-time control signal, that is, the upper tube is kept on during the period of the active level of the output voltage drop detection signal. Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention can prolong the conduction time of the upper tube along with the reduction degree of the output voltage, particularly, the conduction time of the upper tube is prolonged by shielding the conduction time control signal for indicating the turn-off of the upper tube, and the longer the output voltage is reduced, the longer the upper tube is kept to be conducted during the conduction period of the upper tube because the conduction time control signal is shielded, so that the inductance current is rapidly increased, the current required by the output load is reached in extremely short time, the output voltage is prevented from being reduced, and the normal amplitude is rapidly recovered.
It should be noted that in various embodiments of the present invention, the active level and the inactive level may be designed based on the actual circuit application, which is not limited by the present invention. Alternatively, the active level is described as high and the inactive level is low. If the active level of the output voltage drop detection signal is high, the high level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is positively correlated with the drop degree of the output voltage.
The acceleration control logic module masks or does not mask the on-time control signal based on the output voltage drop detection signal may be designed based on the actual application of the switching converter.
In an embodiment of the present invention, for applications where the on-time TON of the upper pipe is relatively long, referring to fig. 3, the acceleration control logic module may include: logic circuit. The logic circuit is configured to mask the on-time control signal during an active level of the output voltage drop detection signal.
The upper tube on time TON is relatively long, which indicates that the time when the on time control signal of the upper tube becomes the active level occurs later, and it can be understood that after the level of the output voltage drop detection signal changes from inactive to active, that is, after the upper tube is turned on, a long period of time has elapsed, the level of the on time control signal changes from inactive to active, and the upper tube is turned off, which is the on time TON of the upper tube.
In this embodiment, when the switching converter is in normal operation, the output voltage is reduced by the normal operation, which may be understood as having small ripple, so that the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is also narrower, that is, the effective level period of the output voltage drop detection signal is shorter, which may be understood as having shorter time for masking the on-time control signal by the logic circuit. The logic circuit masks the on-time control signal during the active level of the output voltage drop detection signal, and during this period, the on-time control signal of the upper pipe does not indicate to turn off the upper pipe because the on-time TON of the upper pipe is relatively long, that is, the level of the on-time control signal does not become active, so it can be understood that in this normal operating state, the logic circuit is also only the inactive level of the on-time control signal masked during the active level of the output voltage drop detection signal. When the level of the on-time control signal of the upper tube becomes effective, the output voltage is recovered to the normal amplitude at the moment, the level of the output voltage drop detection signal also becomes ineffective, the shielding effect on the on-time control signal cannot be played after the level of the output voltage drop detection signal becomes ineffective, and at the moment, the upper tube control module can control the upper tube to be turned off based on the level of the on-time control signal.
In the case of switching the switching converter from the light load or the no-load to the heavy load, the ripple of the output voltage drops much more than the ripple of the output voltage in the normal case, and the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is also wider, i.e. the effective level period of the output voltage drop detection signal is longer. Based on a setting such as a constant on-time mode or a constant off-time mode, during which the on-time control signal will be active level one or more times to turn off the upper tube one or more times. However, since the logic circuit of the embodiment shields the on-time control signal during the effective level of the output voltage drop detection signal, the level condition of the on-time control signal cannot be transmitted to the upper tube control module any more, or the upper tube control module cannot know whether the level of the on-time control signal is effective, that is, cannot control the upper tube to turn off when the level of the on-time control signal is effective, so that the upper tube can keep on continuously during the effective level of the output voltage drop detection signal, and the output voltage rises rapidly until the output voltage returns to the normal amplitude. After the output voltage is recovered to the normal amplitude, the level of the output voltage drop detection signal becomes invalid, the shielding effect cannot be achieved at the moment, and when the level of the on-time control signal is valid again, the upper tube control module can control the upper tube to be turned off based on the fact that the level of the on-time control signal is valid.
It will be appreciated that even in applications where the on-time TON of the upper tube is relatively long, the TON is less than the time during which the output voltage drops abnormally, for example, less than the falling time during which the output voltage is switched from light or no load to heavy load by the switching converter, i.e., less than the duration of the active level of the output voltage drop detection signal generated by the switching converter being switched from light or no load to heavy load. Furthermore, as is clear from the present embodiment, in the application where the on-time TON of the upper tube is relatively long, the acceleration control logic module shields the on-time control signal during the period of the active level of the output voltage drop detection signal, so that the normal operation of the switching converter is not affected.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, the upper tube on-time TON is relatively longer than the upper tube on-time TON, which is relatively shorter, and the actual length of the upper tube on-time TON is not limited in the present invention. In one embodiment, the inventors have considered that the output detection module may have system latency issues. Specifically, there is a delay in the change of the output voltage drop detection signal from the active level to the inactive level due to the system output delay of the output detection module, which results in that the output voltage drop detection signal is actually kept at the active level longer than the theoretical one. For some applications with shorter on-time TON of the upper tube, the on-time control signal will become an active level to control the upper tube to turn off the lower tube, but the on-time control signal is shielded due to the fact that the delayed output voltage drop detection signal is still at an active level, at this time, the upper tube control module will continue to keep on the upper tube based on the output voltage drop detection signal being at an active level until the output voltage drop detection signal becomes at an inactive level and the on-time control signal becomes at an active level, and the upper tube control module will control the upper tube to turn off. In this way the on-time of the upper tube is prolonged, which may affect the operation of the switching converter in normal conditions. Therefore, based on this consideration, the on-time TON of the upper tube should be greater than the system delay time Td in the output detection module. Alternatively, an application where the on-time TON of the upper tube is greater than the system delay time Td may be considered an application where the on-time TON of the upper tube is relatively long.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a more preferred solution is proposed, referring to fig. 4, the acceleration control logic module may include: a delay circuit and a logic circuit; the delay circuit detects the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal based on a reference threshold value and outputs a level width detection signal; the logic circuit is configured to mask the on-time control signal during a period in which the level width detection signal indicates that an effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is equal to or greater than a reference threshold.
The core idea of this embodiment is: under the condition that the switching converter works normally, the output voltage has a normal descending and ascending alternating current ripple, and if the output voltage is a descending ripple which works normally, the descending ripple does not reach the set width, the function of quick response can not be triggered, and the normal work of the switching converter can not be interfered; if the reduction degree of the output voltage reaches the set width, the rapid response function is triggered, so that the inductor current rises at the fastest speed, and good transient response performance is obtained. Specifically, based on the foregoing, the degree of drop of the output voltage is positively correlated with the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal, so that if the output voltage is dropped due to normal operation of the switching converter, the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is narrower, and if the output voltage is dropped due to abnormal operation of the switching converter (e.g., dropped due to switching of the switching converter from light load or no load to heavy load), the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is wider. Based on this, the embodiment of the invention proposes to use the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal as a judgment index and a reference threshold as a judgment standard to determine whether to mask the on-time control signal.
As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, a delay circuit is designed to detect the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal, and output the level width detection signal. When the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is equal to or greater than the reference threshold, the level of the level width detection signal becomes effective, and the logic module masks the on-time control signal of the upper tube during the effective level period of the level width detection signal, and during the mask period, the upper tube is enabled to continue to be kept on during the effective level period of the output voltage drop detection signal. When the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is smaller than the reference threshold value, the level width detection signal still keeps an invalid level, and the logic module does not shield the on-time control signal, so that the upper pipe control module normally executes the action of switching off the upper pipe when the level of the on-time control signal becomes effective.
In the embodiment of the invention, in order to ensure that the work of the switching converter in a normal state is not influenced, when the output voltage is reduced due to the normal work of the switching converter, the effective level width of an output voltage reduction detection signal is smaller than a reference threshold value; when the output voltage drops due to abnormal operation of the switching converter (for example, the output voltage drops due to switching of the switching converter from a light load or a no load to a heavy load, or the output voltage drops due to a jump of a load current of the switching converter from the light load or the no load to the heavy load), the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is greater than or equal to a reference threshold. As can be appreciated, when the output voltage drops due to normal operation of the switching converter, the logic module does not mask the on-time control signal, and when the output voltage drops due to abnormal operation of the switching converter (e.g., drops due to switching of the switching converter from light load or no load to heavy load), the logic module masks the on-time control signal, the more the output voltage drops, the longer the on-time control signal is masked, so that the inductor current increases rapidly, the current required for outputting the load reaches in an extremely short time, the drop of the output voltage is prevented, and the normal amplitude is restored rapidly.
Meanwhile, when the output voltage is reduced due to the normal operation of the switching converter, the reduction degree of the output voltage is not very large, and the effective level width of the output voltage reduction detection signal is smaller than the reference threshold value, so that the logic module cannot shield the on-time control signal, and the invention can ensure the on-off of the upper tube under the normal operation of the switching converter no matter whether the on-time control signal of the upper tube is changed into the effective level or early or late. The embodiment of the invention is suitable for the application with longer upper tube conduction time TON or the application with shorter upper tube conduction time TON, does not influence the normal operation of the switching converter, and has high universality.
Based on the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the delay circuit may detect the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal based on the reference threshold, as shown in fig. 5 as an example, and in fig. 5, the delay circuit may include: a switch module and a level width detection module; in the embodiment of the invention, the switch module is used for controlling the detection time of the output voltage drop detection signal, wherein the switch module responds to the level state of the output voltage drop detection signal and controls the level width detection module to start detection when the level state is an effective level; the level width detection module is used for detecting whether the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is larger than or equal to a reference threshold value, and outputting the level width detection signal.
In an alternative embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 5, the level width detection module may include a timing unit and a comparison unit. The timing unit is used for starting timing when the output voltage drop detection signal is at an effective level, and generating a timing signal; the comparing unit is used for comparing the timing signal with a reference threshold value and outputting a level width detection signal. For a specific circuit, referring to fig. 6, the switching module may include a first inverter, a controlled switch M1, and a timing unit including a current source I0, a capacitor C0; the capacitor is connected between the current source and the ground, and the controlled switch M1 is connected in parallel to two ends of the capacitor C0, wherein an output voltage drop detection signal is connected to the controlled switch M1 through the first inverter, so that the controlled switch M1 is controlled to be disconnected when the output voltage drop detection signal is at an effective level, and the current source I0 is enabled to charge the capacitor C0 to generate a timing signal. In the present embodiment, the output voltage drop detection signal is represented by pwm_cmp, the timing signal is represented by CAP, the level width detection signal is represented by pwm_cmp_dl, and the reference threshold value is represented by VREF. The comparison unit is realized by a comparator, wherein the non-inverting input end of the comparator is connected with the timing signal CAP, the inverting input end of the comparator is connected with the reference threshold VREF, and the output end of the comparator is used for outputting a level width detection signal PWM_CMP_DL.
Referring to fig. 7, when the output voltage drops due to normal operation of the switching converter, the active level (indicated by a high level) of the output voltage drop detection signal pwm_cmp is narrow, so that the timing signal CAP cannot trigger the reference threshold VREF, and the output level width detection signal pwm_cmp_dl has no inactive level (indicated by a low level); when the output voltage is reduced due to the switching of the switching converter from the light load or the no-load to the heavy load, the effective level of the output voltage drop detection signal pwm_cmp is wider, and when the timing signal CAP is equal to or higher than the reference threshold VREF, the level width detection signal pwm_cmp_dl is changed from the low level to the high level until the output voltage drop detection signal pwm_cmp is changed from the high level to the low level.
In the embodiments of the present invention, the logic circuit may have various implementation manners, and those skilled in the art may perform the design of the logic circuit based on the concepts of the embodiments of the present invention. In one embodiment, the logic circuit may be implemented using a nor gate and a second inverter. For the scheme shown in fig. 3, referring to fig. 8, a first input terminal of a nor gate in the logic circuit is connected to an output voltage drop detection signal, a second input terminal is connected to a turn-on time control signal through a second inverter, and an output terminal outputs a logic signal for controlling turn-off of an upper tube to an upper tube control module. Referring to fig. 9, referring to the scheme shown in fig. 4, the first input end of the nor gate in the logic circuit is connected to the level width detection signal, the second input end is connected to the on time control signal via the second inverter, and the output end outputs a logic signal for controlling the turn-off of the upper tube to the upper tube control module.
The upper tube control module can be selected as an SR flip-flop, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the set end of the SR flip-flop is used for accessing the output voltage drop detection signal, the reset end is used for accessing the logic signal, and the output end outputs the switch control signal for controlling the upper tube to be turned on and off. When the logic circuit shields the on-time control signal, the level of the logic signal is invalid, so that the upper tube control module controls the upper tube to be kept on during the effective level of the output voltage drop detection signal, the inductance current is rapidly increased, the current required by the output load is reached in a very short time, the output voltage VOUT is prevented from dropping and is rapidly restored to the normal amplitude. When the logic circuit does not mask the on-time control signal, the level of the logic signal is valid based on the level of the on-time control signal, and the upper tube control module can normally control the upper tube to be turned off based on the level of the logic circuit.
The output detection module can also have various implementation manners, and a person skilled in the art can select and design the output detection module based on the conception of the embodiment of the invention, so as to finally realize positive correlation between the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal and the drop degree of the output voltage. Fig. 8 and 9 are alternative embodiments of an output detection module, which may include an error amplifier EA and a ripple comparator PWM, which may generate an output voltage drop detection signal based on a feedback signal, a reference signal, and a ripple signal of an output voltage. The implementation principle of the output detection module for generating the output voltage drop detection signal based on the feedback signal, the reference signal and the ripple signal can refer to the related art, and will not be repeated herein.
In fig. 8 and 9, the error comparison result of the feedback signal and the reference signal is illustrated by VCOMP, the ripple signal is illustrated by KVOUT, the output voltage drop detection signal is illustrated by pwm_cmp, the on-time control signal is illustrated by cot_clk, the logic signal output by the nor gate is illustrated by clk_pwm, the switch control signal for controlling the upper pipe to be turned on and off is illustrated by HON, and the switch control signal for controlling the lower pipe to be turned on and off is illustrated by LON. In fig. 9, the level width detection signal is illustrated as pwm_cmp_dl.
Next, an operation waveform diagram of the transient response control circuit of the present invention will be described by taking the scheme shown in fig. 4 as an example, and fig. 10 is a diagram showing a process in which the switching converter is switched from a light load to a heavy load, and the output voltage is dropped to a normal magnitude even if the switching converter is operated normally. In fig. 10, IL denotes an inductor current, ILOAD denotes a load current, and VOUT denotes an output voltage. Wherein:
HON (old) represents the on and off condition of the upper tube in the prior art scheme, it can be seen that, during the period when the output voltage VOUT is still falling, every time the level of the on-time control signal cot_clk is valid (indicated by a pulse wave in the figure), HON (old) changes from high level to low level (HON is low to indicate that the level is invalid), so as to control the upper tube to turn off the lower tube, so that the inductor current IL is reduced, and the speed of the output voltage VOUT returning to the normal amplitude is slow, or the speed of stabilizing the load current ILOAD is slow.
HON (new) represents the on and off condition of the upper tube under the scheme provided by the invention, and it can be seen that when the output voltage VOUT drops due to normal operation of the switching converter, the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal pwm_cmp is smaller than the reference threshold (represented by T1 in the drawing); in the case where the load current rapidly increases, resulting in a drop in the output voltage due to the load current and a large drop amplitude, the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal pwm_cmp is greater than the reference threshold (represented by T1 in the drawing), so that the level width detection signal pwm_cmp_dl is outputted to a high level to mask the on-time control signal cot_clk, and during the mask on-time control signal cot_clk, the logic signal clk_pwm is always inactive to a low level, so that the upper tube remains on during the effective level of the output voltage drop detection signal pwm_cmp (the effective level is indicated as a high level in the drawing), so that the inductor current IL rapidly increases, reaches the current required for outputting the load in a very short time, and prevents the output voltage VOUT from dropping and rapidly returning to a normal amplitude. When the output voltage VOUT is restored to the normal level (the restoration of the output voltage VOUT to the normal level is understood as the approach of the output voltage VOUT to the normal level, in the example of fig. 8 and 9, when the feedback signal of the output voltage VOUT is changed from greater than the reference signal to less than the reference signal, the output voltage VOUT can be considered to be close to the normal voltage), it can be seen that the level width detection signal pwm_cmp_dl remains at the low level, the HON (new) controls the upper tube to be turned on based on the level of the output voltage drop detection signal pwm_cmp becoming active (pwm_cmp is changed from the low level to the high level), and controls the upper tube to be turned off based on the level of the on-time control signal cot_clk being active.
In embodiments of the present invention, it is preferred that the transient response control circuit operate in a constant on-time mode (which may also be referred to as a fixed on-time mode). Because the transient response control circuit works in the constant conduction time mode to execute the scheme, the technical effect of obviously improving the load transient response capability of the switching converter can be achieved, the problem that the speed of the output voltage returning to the normal amplitude is slower based on the existence of the down tube conduction time mintoff can be effectively solved, and therefore all the figures of the invention are illustrated by the transient response control circuit working in the constant conduction time mode. In practice, based on the inventive concept, the transient response control circuit may also operate in a constant off-time mode (also referred to as a fixed off-time mode), where the constant on-time mode and the constant off-time mode belong to two control modes of the switching converter familiar to those skilled in the art, and the specific control principle and mode distinction thereof may refer to the description of the prior art, and the invention is not described herein.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also discloses a switching converter, which comprises the transient response control circuit according to the embodiment of the invention. The switch converter of the present invention can be implemented with reference to fig. 8 and 9. The switching converter has strong load transient response capability and can enable output voltage to quickly recover to be normal.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described as different from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to be referred to each other.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the more detailed description of the invention in order that the detailed description of the invention that follows may be better understood, and in order that the present contribution to the art may be better appreciated. While various modifications of the embodiments and applications of the invention will occur to those skilled in the art, it is not necessary and not intended to be exhaustive of all embodiments, and obvious modifications or variations of the invention are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A transient response control circuit, comprising:
the output detection module is used for detecting whether the output voltage of the switching converter drops or not and generating an output voltage drop detection signal; wherein the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is positively correlated with the drop degree of the output voltage;
the upper tube control module is used for controlling the upper tube to be turned on and off based on the output voltage drop detection signal and a conduction time control signal for indicating whether the upper tube is turned off or not;
and the acceleration control logic module is used for detecting the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal, outputting a level width detection signal, and shielding or not shielding the on-time control signal based on the level width detection signal so as to keep the upper tube on during the period of shielding the on-time control signal.
2. The transient response control circuit of claim 1, wherein,
the acceleration control logic module includes:
the delay circuit is used for detecting the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal based on a reference threshold value and outputting a level width detection signal;
and the logic circuit is used for shielding the on-time control signal during the period that the level width detection signal indicates that the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is larger than or equal to the reference threshold value.
3. The transient response control circuit of claim 2, wherein,
when the output voltage is reduced due to normal operation of the switching converter, the effective level width of the output voltage reduction detection signal is smaller than the reference threshold value;
when the output voltage drops due to the switching of the switching converter from the light load or the no-load to the heavy load, the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is larger than or equal to the reference threshold value.
4. A transient response control circuit according to claim 2 or 3, wherein,
the delay circuit includes: a switch module and a level width detection module;
the switch module responds to the level state of the output voltage drop detection signal and controls the level width detection module to start detection when the level state is an effective level;
the level width detection module is used for detecting whether the effective level width of the output voltage drop detection signal is larger than or equal to the reference threshold value or not, and outputting the level width detection signal.
5. The transient response control circuit of claim 4, wherein,
the level width detection module includes:
the timing unit is used for starting timing when the output voltage drop detection signal is at an effective level and generating a timing signal;
and the comparison unit is used for comparing the timing signal with the reference threshold value and outputting the level width detection signal.
6. The transient response control circuit of claim 5, wherein said switching module comprises a first inverter, a controlled switch, and said timing unit comprises a current source, a capacitor;
the capacitor is connected between the current source and the ground, and the controlled switch is connected in parallel with two ends of the capacitor, wherein the output voltage drop detection signal is connected to the controlled switch through the first inverter so as to control the controlled switch to be disconnected when the output voltage drop detection signal is in an effective level, so that the current source charges the capacitor to generate the timing signal.
7. The transient response control circuit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
the logic circuit includes: a nor gate and a second inverter;
the first input end of the NOR gate is connected with the level width detection signal, the second input end of the NOR gate is connected with the on-time control signal through the second inverter, and the output end of the NOR gate outputs a logic signal for controlling the switching-off of the upper tube to the upper tube control module.
8. The transient response control circuit of claim 7, wherein,
the upper tube control module is an SR trigger, wherein a set end of the SR trigger is used for being connected with the output voltage drop detection signal, a reset end of the SR trigger is used for being connected with the logic signal, and an output end of the SR trigger outputs a switch control signal for controlling the upper tube to be turned on and off.
9. A transient response control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein,
the transient response control circuit operates in a constant on-time mode.
10. A switching converter comprising a transient response control circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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