CN117586783A - Liquid crystal composition and display panel - Google Patents
Liquid crystal composition and display panel Download PDFInfo
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- CN117586783A CN117586783A CN202311479775.7A CN202311479775A CN117586783A CN 117586783 A CN117586783 A CN 117586783A CN 202311479775 A CN202311479775 A CN 202311479775A CN 117586783 A CN117586783 A CN 117586783A
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 177
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003302 alkenyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000005133 alkynyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005017 substituted alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005415 substituted alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004426 substituted alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 ding Ji Chemical group 0.000 description 42
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000004975 3-butenyl group Chemical group C(CC=C)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000474 3-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004973 1-butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004972 1-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004974 2-butenyl group Chemical group C(C=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000069 2-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/42—Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40
- C09K19/44—Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40 containing compounds with benzene rings directly linked
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a liquid crystal composition and a display panel, wherein the liquid crystal composition comprises at least one first compound shown in a general formula (I), at least one second compound shown in a general formula (II) and at least one third compound shown in a general formula (III), a general formula (IV) or a general formula (V).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of display, in particular to a liquid crystal composition and a display panel.
Background
The liquid crystal display panel utilizes the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer to realize the regulation and control of the optical performance of the materials in the liquid crystal layer, thereby realizing the display function of the liquid crystal display panel. The physical properties (such as viscosity, clearing point, dielectric anisotropy and optical anisotropy) of the liquid crystal material of the liquid crystal layer affect the display effect and the product quality of the liquid crystal display panel. Currently, in order to improve the display effect and performance of a display panel, various components in a liquid crystal compound applied to a liquid crystal layer are required to achieve a better optical display effect and maintain the conventional display reliability of a device, and there is still room for improvement so as to adapt to more application scenes.
Accordingly, a liquid crystal composition and a display panel are needed to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, the present invention provides a liquid crystal composition and a display panel, wherein the first compound, the second compound and the third compound are added into the liquid crystal composition, so that the driving voltage of the display panel is reduced or the response speed of the display panel is improved when the liquid crystal composition is applied to the display panel, and the display effect and the product quality of the display panel applying the liquid crystal composition are improved.
The invention provides a liquid crystal composition, which comprises at least one first compound shown in a general formula (I), at least one second compound shown in a general formula (II) and at least one third compound shown in a general formula (III), a general formula (IV) or a general formula (V):
wherein X is selected from O or S;
and +.>Are independently selected from-> And +.>Is substituted with any one atom of F, cl, br, I, H;
m, n are each independently selected from 0, 1, 2 or 3;
and +.>Each occurrence is independently selected fromAndIs unsubstituted or at least one H is substituted by any one of the atoms F, cl, br, I;
m, n are each independently selected from 0, 1, 2 or 3;
Z 1 、Z 2 are each independently selected from single bonds, -O-, -S-, -SO 2 -、-CO-、-C(O)O-、-OC(O)-、-OC(O)O-、-CF 2 O-、-OCF 2 -、-CH 2 CH 2 -、-CF 2 CF 2 -、-CF 2 CH 2 -、-(CH 2 ) 3 -、-CH 2 CF 2 -、-CHF-CHF-、-CH 2 O、-OCH 2 -, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CH-, or-C≡C-, any Z 1 And/or any Z 2 Is unsubstituted or at least one H is substituted by any one of the atoms F, cl, br, I;
R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 、R 6 、R 7 、R 8 、R 9 、R 10 are respectively and independently selected from H, F, cl, br, CN, SF 5 Substituted or unsubstituted alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyloxy having 2 to 10 carbon atoms,Substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyloxy having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
Preferably, a substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted alkenyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted alkynyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and a substituted alkynyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms satisfy at least one of the following conditions:
the end groups being independently each other by CN or CF 3 Mono-substitution;
one or more-CH 2 -each independently is represented by-O-, -S-, -SO 2 -、-CO-、-C(O)O-、-OC(O)-、-OC(O)O-、-CF 2 O-、-OCF 2 -、-CF 2 -CF 2 -、-CF 2 -CH 2 -、-CH 2 -CF 2 -、-CHF-CHF-、-CH 2 O-、-OCH 2 -, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF-, -CH=CH-, or-C≡C-, and no direct bond between heteroatoms directly bonded to C;
at least one H is substituted with any one atom of F, cl, br, I.
Preferably, the first compound has a structure represented by at least one of the general formulae (I-1) to (I-2):
preferably, the second compound has a structure represented by at least one of the general formulas (II-1) to (II-3):
preferably, the third compound has a structure represented by at least one of the general formulas (III-1) to (III-11):
preferably, the third compound has a structure represented by at least one of the general formulas (IV-1) to (IV-4):
preferably, the third compound has a structure represented by at least one of the formulas (V-1) and (V-2):
preferably, in the liquid crystal composition, the mass fraction of the first compound is greater than 0%, and the mass fraction of the first compound is less than or equal to 12%.
Preferably, in the liquid crystal composition, the mass fraction of the second compound is greater than or equal to 1%, and the mass fraction of the second compound is less than or equal to 15%;
when the third compound comprises a compound represented by the general formula (III), the mass fraction of the compound represented by the general formula (III) in the liquid crystal composition is more than or equal to 5%, and the mass fraction of the compound represented by the general formula (III) is less than or equal to 60%;
when the third compound comprises a compound represented by a general formula (IV), the mass fraction of the compound represented by the general formula (IV) in the liquid crystal composition is more than or equal to 1%, and the mass fraction of the compound represented by the general formula (IV) is less than or equal to 20%;
when the third compound includes a compound represented by the general formula (v), the mass fraction of the compound represented by the general formula (v) in the liquid crystal composition is 20% or more, and the mass fraction of the compound represented by the general formula (v) is 60% or less.
The invention also provides a display panel, which comprises a first substrate, a second substrate positioned on the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate;
wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises the liquid crystal composition.
According to the invention, the first compound, the second compound and the third compound are added into the liquid crystal composition, so that the driving voltage of the display panel is reduced or the response speed of the display panel is improved when the liquid crystal composition is applied to the display panel, and the display effect and the product quality of the display panel applying the liquid crystal composition are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a liquid crystal composition according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that the detailed description is presented herein for purposes of illustration and description only, and is not intended to limit the invention. In the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, terms of orientation such as "upper" and "lower" are used to generally refer to the upper and lower positions of the device in actual use or operation, and specifically the orientation of the drawing figures; while "inner" and "outer" are for the outline of the device.
The invention provides a liquid crystal composition and a display panel, wherein a first compound, a second compound and a third compound are added into the liquid crystal composition, so that the driving voltage of the display panel is reduced or the response speed of the display panel is improved when the liquid crystal composition is applied to the display panel, and the display effect and the product quality of the display panel applying the liquid crystal composition are improved.
The embodiment of the invention provides a liquid crystal composition, which comprises at least one first compound shown in a general formula (I), at least one second compound shown in a general formula (II) and at least one third compound shown in a general formula (III), a general formula (IV) or a general formula (V):
wherein X is selected from O or S;
and +.>Each occurrence is independently selected fromAndIs unsubstituted or at least one H is substituted by any one of the atoms F, cl, br, I;
m, n are each independently selected from 0, 1, 2 or 3;
Z 1 、Z 2 are each independently selected from single bonds, -O-, -S-, -SO 2 -、-CO-、-C(O)O-、-OC(O)-、-OC(O)O-、-CF 2 O-、-OCF 2 -、-CH 2 CH 2 -、-CF 2 CF 2 -、-CF 2 CH 2 -、-(CH 2 ) 3 -、-CH 2 CF 2 -、-CHF-CHF-、-CH 2 O、-OCH 2 -, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CH-, or-C≡C-, any Z 1 And/or any Z 2 Is unsubstituted or at least one H is substituted by any one of the atoms F, cl, br, I;
R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 、R 6 、R 7 、R 8 、R 9 、R 10 are respectively and independently selected from H, F, cl, br, CN, SF 5 Substituted or unsubstituted alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyloxy having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyloxy having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
The first compound has negative dielectric anisotropy, and the addition of the first compound is beneficial to improving the clear point, the absolute value of the difference value of the double refractive indexes and the absolute value of the dielectric anisotropy value of the liquid crystal composition, and is beneficial to reducing the driving voltage of the liquid crystal composition when the liquid crystal composition is applied to a display panel, so that the performance of the liquid crystal composition is improved.
The addition of the second compound is advantageous in improving the birefringence difference and the elastic coefficient of the liquid crystal composition, and in reducing the response time of the liquid crystal composition when applied to a display panel, thereby improving the performance of the liquid crystal composition.
When the third compound is selected from the compounds represented by the general formulae (III) to (V), it is advantageous to raise the absolute value of the dielectric constant anisotropy value of the liquid crystal composition and to reduce the rotational viscosity of the liquid crystal composition, and it is advantageous to reduce the response time of the liquid crystal composition when applied to a display panel and to reduce the driving voltage of the liquid crystal composition when applied to a display panel, thereby improving the performance of the liquid crystal composition.
According to the invention, the first compound, the second compound and the third compound are added into the liquid crystal composition, so that the driving voltage of the display panel is reduced or the response speed of the display panel is improved when the liquid crystal composition is applied to the display panel, and the display effect and the product quality of the display panel applying the liquid crystal composition are improved.
In the present embodiment of the present invention,and +.>In the respective optional groups of (a), a "-" represents a linking site.
In some embodiments, substituted alkyl groups having 1-10 carbon atoms, substituted alkoxy groups having 1-10 carbon atoms, substituted alkenyl groups having 2-10 carbon atoms, substituted alkenyloxy groups having 2-10 carbon atoms, substituted alkynyl groups having 2-10 carbon atoms, and substituted alkynyloxy groups having 2-10 carbon atoms satisfy at least one of the following conditions:
the end groups being independently each other by CN or CF 3 Mono-substitution;
one or more-CH 2 -each independently is represented by-O-, -S-, -SO 2 -、-CO-、-C(O)O-、-OC(O)-、-OC(O)O-、-CF 2 O-、-OCF 2 -、-CF 2 -CF 2 -、-CF 2 -CH 2 -、-CH 2 -CF 2 -、-CHF-CHF-、-CH 2 O-、-OCH 2 -, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF-, -CH=CH-, or-C≡C-, and no direct bond between heteroatoms directly bonded to C;
at least one H is substituted with any one atom of F, cl, br, I.
In some embodiments, R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 、R 6 、R 7 、R 8 、R 9 、R 10 At least one of which is selected from the group consisting of a substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted alkenyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted alkynyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and a substituted alkynyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 、R 6 、R 7 、R 8 、R 9 、R 10 The terminal groups of at least one of them are each independently H, CN or CF 3 And (3) single substitution.
In some embodiments, R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 、R 6 、R 7 、R 8 、R 9 、R 10 At least one of which is selected from the group consisting of a substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted alkenyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted alkynyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and a substituted alkynyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 、R 6 、R 7 、R 8 、R 9 、R 10 One or more-CH's in at least one of them 2 -each independently is represented by-O-, -S-, -SO 2 -、-CO-、-C(O)O-、-OC(O)-、-OC(O)O-、-CF 2 O-、-OCF 2 -、-CF 2 -CF 2 -、-CF 2 -CH 2 -、-CH 2 -CF 2 -、-CHF-CHF-、-CH 2 O-、-OCH 2 -, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CH-or-C≡C-substitution, and the heteroatoms directly bonded to C are not directly bonded.
R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 、R 6 、R 7 、R 8 、R 9 、R 10 At least one of them is selected from the group consisting of having 1 to 10 carbon atomsR in the case of substituted alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted alkoxy having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted alkenyloxy having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted alkynyl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and substituted alkynyloxy having 2 to 10 carbon atoms 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 、R 6 、R 7 、R 8 、R 9 、R 10 Is substituted with any one atom of F, cl, br, I.
In some embodiments, R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 、R 6 、R 7 、R 8 、R 9 R is R 10 Is unsubstituted or at least one H is substituted by F.
In some embodiments, R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 、R 6 、R 7 、R 8 、R 9 R is R 10 Each independently selected from H, F, cl, br, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyloxy having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyloxy having 2 to 7 carbon atoms.
In some embodiments, R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 、R 6 、R 7 、R 8 、R 9 R is R 10 Each independently selected from H, F, alkyl having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, alkenyl having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, alkenyloxy having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, alkynyl having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, alkynyloxy having 2 to 7 carbon atoms.
In some embodiments, when R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 、R 6 、R 7 、R 8 、R 9 R is R 10 Independently selected from alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl groupsAlkyl, alkenyl and alkynyl groups are aliphatic hydrocarbon groups.
Wherein when R is 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 、R 6 、R 7 、R 8 、R 9 R is R 10 When independently selected from alkyl groups, the alkyl groups may be straight chain alkyl groups or branched chain alkyl groups, preferably straight chain alkyl groups; more preferably, R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 、R 6 、R 7 、R 8 、R 9 R is R 10 Each independently selected from straight chain alkyl groups having 1 to 7 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, ding Ji, pentyl, hexyl or heptyl.
When R is 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 、R 6 、R 7 、R 8 、R 9 R is R 10 When each is independently selected from alkenyl, the alkenyl group may be a straight chain alkenyl group or a branched alkenyl group, and the alkenyl group may be an isomer of the E configuration and the Z configuration, and has at least one carbon-carbon double bond, preferably a straight chain alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, more preferably vinyl, prop-1-enyl, prop-2-enyl, but-1-enyl, but-2-enyl, but-3-enyl, pent-1-enyl, pent-2-enyl, pent-3-enyl, pent-4-enyl, hex-1-enyl, hex-2-enyl, hex-3-enyl, hex-4-enyl, hex-5-enyl, hept-1-enyl, hept-2-enyl, hept-3-enyl, hept-4-enyl, hept-5-enyl, hept-6-enyl, and the like; further preferred are prop-2-enyl, but-3-enyl, pent-2-enyl, pent-3-enyl and pent-4-enyl.
When R is 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 、R 6 、R 7 、R 8 、R 9 R is R 10 When independently selected from alkynyl, alkynyl may be straight chain alkynyl or branched alkynyl and has at least one carbon-carbon triple bond, preferably straight chain alkynyl having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, more preferably ethynyl, prop-1-ynyl, prop-2-ynyl, but-1-ynyl, but-2-ynyl, but-3-ynyl, pent-1-ynyl, pent-2-ynyl, pent-3-ynyl, pent-4-ynyl, hex-1-ynyl, hex-2-ynylPhenyl, hex-3-ynyl, hex-4-ynyl, hex-5-ynyl, hept-1-ynyl, hept-2-ynyl hept-3-ynyl, hept-4-ynyl, hept-5-ynyl or hept-6-ynyl, and the like; further preferred are prop-2-ynyl, but-3-ynyl, pent-2-ynyl, pent-3-ynyl or pent-4-ynyl.
In some embodiments, X is preferably selected from O or S.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in some embodiments,and +.>Are each independently preferably from->
In some embodiments, the first compound has a structure according to at least one of formulas (I-1) to (I-2):
in some embodiments, the first compound is selected from the group consisting of the compounds shown below:
in some embodiments, the second compound has a structure according to at least one of formulas (II-1) to (II-3):
in some embodiments, the second compound is selected from the group consisting of the compounds shown below:
in some embodiments, Z 1 、Z 2 Each independently preferably from a single bond, -CH 2 O-、-CH 2 -CH 2 -。
In some embodiments, R 3 R is as follows 4 Each independently is preferably selected from H, alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
In some embodiments, the third compound has a structure according to at least one of formulas (III-1) to (III-11):
in some embodiments, the third compound has a structure according to at least one of formulas (IV-1) to (IV-4):
in some embodiments, the third compound has a structure as shown in at least one of formula (V-1) and formula (V-2):
in some embodiments, the third compound is selected from the group consisting of the compounds shown below:
/>
in this embodiment, in the liquid crystal composition, the mass fraction of the first compound is greater than 0%, and the mass fraction of the first compound is less than or equal to 12%, for example, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, and the like. In the liquid crystal composition, the sum of mass fractions of the first compound and the second compound may be 88% or more, for example, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or the like.
In some embodiments, the mass fraction of the second compound in the liquid crystal composition is greater than or equal to 1%, and the mass fraction of the second compound is less than or equal to 15%, e.g., may be 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 13%, etc.
In some embodiments, when the third compound includes a compound represented by the general formula (iii), the mass fraction of the compound represented by the general formula (iii) in the liquid crystal composition is greater than or equal to 5%, and the mass fraction of the compound represented by the general formula (iii) is less than or equal to 60%, for example, may be 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, or the like.
In some embodiments, when the third compound includes a compound represented by the general formula (iv), the mass fraction of the compound represented by the general formula (iv) in the liquid crystal composition is greater than or equal to 1%, and the mass fraction of the compound represented by the general formula (iv) is less than or equal to 20%, for example, may be 2%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 18%, or the like.
In some embodiments, when the third compound includes a compound represented by the general formula (v), the mass fraction of the compound represented by the general formula (v) in the liquid crystal composition is greater than or equal to 20%, and the mass fraction of the compound represented by the general formula (v) is less than or equal to 60%, for example, may be 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, or the like.
The response time and the driving voltage of the liquid crystal composition can be calculated by the following formulas, respectively:
equation 1:
equation 2:
in equation 1, RT_t off Indicating the response time, gamma, of a display panel having a liquid crystal composition in the off state 1 Represents the rotational viscosity of the liquid crystal composition, d represents the thickness of the liquid crystal layer formed when the liquid crystal composition is applied to a display panel, pi is the circumferential rate constant, K 22 Indicating the twist elastic modulus of the liquid crystal composition. From equation 1, γ 1 And K is equal to 22 The smaller the ratio of (c) is, the shorter the response time of the liquid crystal composition is, and the faster the response speed is.
In formula 2, V th Represents the threshold voltage of the liquid crystal composition, |Δε| represents the absolute value of the dielectric anisotropy value, ε 0 Is vacuum dielectric constant. From equation 2, K 22 The smaller the ratio to |Δε| is, the lower the driving voltage of the liquid crystal composition is.
In some embodiments, the liquid crystal composition has a birefringence difference at 25 ℃ of greater than or equal to 0.06, and the liquid crystal composition has a birefringence difference at 25 ℃ of less than or equal to 0.22, for example: 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.1, 0.105, 0.11, 0.115, 0.12, 0.125, 0.15, 0.175, 0.2, 0.21 and the like, so that the difference of the double refractive indexes of the liquid crystal composition is in a proper range, the liquid crystal composition can adapt to display panels matched with different liquid crystal layer thicknesses, and the light transmittance of the display panels is adjusted, so that the display panels meet the light transmittance requirements of different display effects, and the liquid crystal composition is suitable for diversified use scenes.
In some embodiments, the liquid crystal composition has a rotational viscosity at 25 ℃ of greater than or equal to 10 mPa-s and the liquid crystal composition has a rotational viscosity at 25 ℃ of less than or equal to 200 mPa-s, for example: 20 mPas, 30 mPas, 40 mPas, 50 mPas, 60 mPas, 70 mPas, 72 mPas, 73 mPas, 75 mPas, 78 mPas, 80 mPas, 82 mPas, 85 mPas, 90 mPas, 100 mPas, 110 mPas, 120 mPas, 130 mPas, 140 mPas, 150 mPas, 160 mPas, 170 mPas, 180 mPas, 190 mPas, etc. to bring the rotational viscosity of the liquid crystal composition within a suitable range, increase the rotational speed of the liquid crystal composition, ensure that the response time of the liquid crystal composition is within a suitable range, and avoid the rotational viscosity of the liquid crystal composition from affecting the performance of the liquid crystal composition.
In some embodiments, the liquid crystal composition has a bending modulus of elasticity greater than or equal to 10 and the liquid crystal composition has a bending modulus of elasticity less than or equal to 25, for example: 12. 13, 14, 15, 18, 20, 22, 24, etc.; and/or the liquid crystal composition has a splay elastic modulus of greater than or equal to 10, the liquid crystal composition has a splay elastic modulus of less than or equal to 25, for example: 12. 13, 14, 15, 18, 20, 22, 24, etc.; the flexural modulus of elasticity of the liquid crystal composition and/or the splay modulus of elasticity of the liquid crystal composition are within the above ranges, which is beneficial to improving the light transmittance of the liquid crystal composition and improving the response time of the liquid crystal composition, and ensures that the light transmittance and the response time of the liquid crystal composition are within proper ranges.
In some embodiments, the liquid crystal composition has a twist elasticity coefficient of greater than or equal to 5 and the liquid crystal composition has a twist elasticity coefficient of less than or equal to 10, for example: 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5, 8, 9, etc., which are advantageous in increasing the corresponding speed of the liquid crystal composition when applied to the display panel and in reducing the driving voltage.
In some embodiments, the liquid crystal composition has a dielectric anisotropy value at 25 ℃ of greater than or equal to-10, and the liquid crystal composition has a dielectric anisotropy value at 25 ℃ of less than or equal to 15, for example: -8, -6, -5, -4.2, -4.1, -4, -3.8, -3.7, -3, -2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 12, etc., which is advantageous in reducing a driving voltage required to drive the liquid crystal composition, thereby reducing a driving voltage of a liquid crystal display panel to which the liquid crystal composition is applied, and reducing power consumption of the liquid crystal display panel to which the liquid crystal composition is applied.
In some embodiments, the clearing point of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 60 ℃ to 135 ℃, for example, the clearing point of the liquid crystal composition may be 62 ℃, 65 ℃, 68 ℃, 70 ℃, 75 ℃, 78 ℃, 80 ℃, 82 ℃, 84 ℃, 88 ℃, 90 ℃, 92 ℃, 95 ℃, 100 ℃, 110 ℃, 115 ℃, 120 ℃, 125 ℃, 130 ℃, etc. to avoid a decrease in the high temperature resistance of the liquid crystal composition caused by an excessively low clearing point of the liquid crystal composition.
Referring to fig. 1, an exemplary preparation method of the liquid crystal composition provided by the present invention is as follows:
the preparation method of the liquid crystal composition comprises the following steps:
s100, weighing and mixing the first compound, the second compound and the third compound according to the mass percentage in a first sequence to obtain a first mixture.
The first order is preferably that the first compound, the second compound, and the third compound are weighed and mixed in order of melting point from low to high.
S200, stirring the first mixture at a first heating temperature to thoroughly mix the first compound, the second compound, and the third compound in the first mixture.
The first heating temperature is preferably 60 ℃ to 100 ℃.
And S300, cooling the first mixture to room temperature and packaging to obtain the liquid crystal composition.
Exemplary combinations of the liquid crystal compositions of the present invention are shown in the following exemplary embodiments 1 to 2.
Example 1
The structural formula and mass fraction of each compound in the liquid crystal composition selected in this example are shown in table 1:
table 1: components of liquid Crystal composition
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The liquid crystal composition obtained in example 1 has the following performance parameters: tni is 76 ℃, gamma 1 ：80mPa·sΔn:0.1109，Δε:-3.9，K 11 ：14.8，K 22 ：7.4，K 33 ：15.8，γ 1 /K 22 ：10.8，K 22 /(Δε|): 1.9. wherein Tni represents a clearing point of the liquid crystal composition; gamma ray 1 Represents the rotational viscosity of the liquid crystal composition at 25 ℃; Δn is the difference in birefringence, indicating the optical anisotropy of the liquid crystal composition at 25 ℃; delta epsilon represents the dielectric constant anisotropy value of the liquid crystal composition at 25 ℃; k (K) 11 Represents the bending modulus, K, of the liquid crystal composition 22 Represents the twist elastic modulus, K, of the liquid crystal composition 33 Represents the splay elastic modulus of the liquid crystal composition.
Example 2
The structural formula and mass fraction of each compound in the liquid crystal composition selected in this example are shown in table 2:
table 2: components of liquid Crystal composition
/>
The liquid crystal composition obtained in example 2 had the following performance parameters: tni 70 ℃, gamma 1 ：73.44mPa·s，Δn:0.1162，Δε:-3.9，K 11 ：12.66，K 22 ：6.33，K 33 ：15.33，γ 1 /K 22 ：11.6，K 22 /|Δε|：1.62。
Example 3
The structural formula and mass fraction of each compound in the liquid crystal composition selected in this example are shown in table 3:
table 3: components of liquid Crystal composition
/>
The liquid crystal composition obtained in example 3 had the following performance parameters: tni 70.5 ℃, gamma 1 ：73mPa·s，Δn:0.1108，Δε:-4.0，K 11 ：12.2，K 22 ：6.1，K 33 ：15.44，γ 1 /K 22 ：11.97，K 22 /|Δε|：1.53。
Comparative example 1
The structural formula and mass fraction of each compound in the liquid crystal composition selected in this comparative example are shown in table 4:
table 4: components of liquid Crystal composition
/>
The liquid crystal composition obtained in comparative example 1 had the following performance parameters: tni is 77 ℃, gamma 1 ：88mPa·s，Δn:0.1104，Δε:-3.8，K 11 ：15.7，K 22 ：7.8，K 33 ：17.4，γ 1 /K 22 ：11.2，K 22 /|Δε|：2.05。
Comparative example 2
The structural formula and mass fraction of each compound in the liquid crystal composition selected in this comparative example are shown in table 5:
table 5: components of liquid Crystal composition
/>
/>
The liquid crystal composition obtained in comparative example 2 had the following performance parameters: tni is 72 ℃, gamma 1 ：77.6mPa·s，Δn:0.1074，Δε:-3.58，K 11 ：11.94，K 22 ：5.97，K 33 ：15.35，γ 1 /K 22 ：13.0，K 22 /|Δε|：1.67。
Comparative example 3
The structural formula and mass fraction of each compound in the liquid crystal composition selected in this comparative example are shown in table 6:
table 6: components of liquid Crystal composition
/>
The liquid crystal composition obtained in comparative example 3 had the following performance parameters: tni is 68 ℃, gamma 1 ：78mPa·s，Δn:0.1075，Δε:-3.75，K 11 ：13.1，K 22 ：6.6，K 33 ：16.8，γ 1 /K 22 ：11.8，K 22 /|Δε|：1.76。
The three groups of liquid crystal compositions provided in examples 1 to 3 above had a clearing point of 70The temperature is between 76 ℃ and the temperature of the liquid crystal composition is between 76 ℃, so that the liquid crystal composition has good high temperature resistance; the rotational viscosity at 25 ℃ is 73 mPas to 80 mPas, so that the liquid crystal composition has good rotational speed, and the response time of the liquid crystal composition is shortened; the difference of the double refractive indexes at 25 ℃ is 0.1108 to 0.1162, so that the liquid crystal composition has good light transmittance; the dielectric anisotropy value at 25 ℃ is-3.9 to-4.0, which is favorable for driving the liquid crystal composition at a lower driving voltage, thereby reducing the power consumption of a display panel using the liquid crystal composition; the liquid crystal composition has a bending elastic coefficient of 12.2 to 14.8, a torsional elastic coefficient of 6.1 to 7.4 and a splay elastic coefficient of 15.33 to 15.8, which is beneficial to improving the light transmittance of the liquid crystal composition, reducing the response time of the liquid crystal composition and reducing the driving voltage of the liquid crystal composition. Meanwhile, example 1 is compared with comparative example 1 in gamma 1 And K is equal to 22 Is smaller than the ratio of K 22 The smaller ratio to |Δε| shows that the liquid crystal composition in example 1 has a shorter response time and has a lower driving voltage. Example 2 compared to comparative example 2, gamma 1 And K is equal to 22 Is smaller than the ratio of K 22 The smaller ratio to |Δε| shows that the liquid crystal composition in example 2 has a shorter response time and has a lower driving voltage. Example 3 has a higher clearing point, K, than comparative example 3 22 The smaller ratio to |Δε| shows that the liquid crystal composition in example 3 has stronger heat resistance and lower driving voltage.
Referring to fig. 2, the embodiment of the invention further provides a display panel 100, where the display panel 100 includes a first substrate 101, a second substrate 102 disposed on the first substrate 101, and a liquid crystal layer 103 disposed between the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102. Wherein the liquid crystal layer 103 comprises a liquid crystal composition as described above.
The first substrate 101 may be an array substrate, and the second substrate 102 may be a color film substrate. In some embodiments, when the first substrate 101 is an array substrate, the first substrate 101 includes a first substrate, an active layer on the substrate, a first insulating layer on the active layer, a gate layer on the first insulating layer, a second insulating layer on the gate layer, a source drain layer on the second insulating layer, and a third insulating layer on the source drain layer, where the source drain layer includes a source and a drain. The display panel further comprises a common electrode layer and a pixel electrode layer, wherein the pixel electrode layer is positioned on one side, far away from the first substrate, of the third insulating layer, the pixel electrode layer comprises a pixel electrode, and the pixel electrode is electrically connected with the source electrode or the drain electrode. The common electrode layer includes a common electrode, and the common electrode layer may be disposed on the first substrate 101, and the common electrode layer is located between the pixel electrode layer and the source/drain electrode layer, or on a side of the pixel electrode layer away from the first substrate; the common electrode layer may be disposed with the second substrate 102, the second substrate 102 includes a second substrate, and the common electrode layer is located at a side of the second substrate near the liquid crystal layer. The display panel further comprises a color film layer, wherein the color film layer can be arranged on one side of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer or one side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer.
The display panel 100 may be a display panel of a display mode such as VA (Vertical Alignment ), ECB (Electrically Controlled Birefringence, electrically controlled birefringence), FFS (Fringe Field Switching ), or IPS (In-plane switching).
According to the display panel provided by the invention, the first compound, the second compound and the third compound shown in the general formula (I) are added into the liquid crystal composition used in the liquid crystal layer, so that the driving voltage of the display panel is reduced or the response speed of the display panel is improved when the liquid crystal composition is applied to the display panel, and the display effect and the product quality of the display panel applying the liquid crystal composition are improved.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a liquid crystal composition and a display panel, wherein the liquid crystal composition comprises at least one first compound shown in a general formula (I), at least one second compound shown in a general formula (II) and at least one third compound shown in a general formula (III), a general formula (IV) or a general formula (V).
The foregoing has outlined a detailed description of a liquid crystal composition and display panel provided by the embodiments of the present invention, wherein specific examples are provided herein to illustrate the principles and embodiments of the present invention, and the above examples are provided to assist in understanding the method and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in light of the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A liquid crystal composition, characterized in that it comprises at least one first compound represented by general formula (i), at least one second compound selected from the group represented by general formula (ii) and at least one third compound selected from the group represented by general formula (iii), general formula (iv) or general formula (v):
wherein X is selected from O or S;
and +.>Each occurrence is independently selected fromAndIs unsubstituted or at least one H is substituted by any one of the atoms F, cl, br, I;
m, n are each independently selected from 0, 1, 2 or 3;
Z 1 、Z 2 are each independently selected from single bonds, -O-, -S-, -SO 2 -、-CO-、-C(O)O-、-OC(O)-、-OC(O)O-、-CF 2 O-、-OCF 2 -、-CH 2 CH 2 -、-CF 2 CF 2 -、-CF 2 CH 2 -、-(CH 2 ) 3 -、-CH 2 CF 2 -、-CHF-CHF-、-CH 2 O、-OCH 2 -, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CH-, or-C≡C-, any Z 1 And/or any Z 2 Is unsubstituted or at least one H is substituted by any one of the atoms F, cl, br, I;
R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 、R 6 、R 7 、R 8 、R 9 、R 10 are respectively and independently selected from H, F, cl, br, CN, SF 5 Substituted or unsubstituted alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyloxy having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyloxy having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
2. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, the substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, the substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, the substituted alkenyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, the substituted alkynyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and the substituted alkynyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms satisfy at least one of the following conditions:
the end groups being independent of each otherGround cover CN or CF 3 Mono-substitution;
one or more-CH 2 -each independently is represented by-O-, -S-, -SO 2 -、-CO-、-C(O)O-、-OC(O)-、-OC(O)O-、-CF 2 O-、-OCF 2 -、-CF 2 -CF 2 -、-CF 2 -CH 2 -、-CH 2 -CF 2 -、-CHF-CHF-、-CH 2 O-、-OCH 2 -, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF-, -CH=CH-, or-C≡C-, and no direct bond between heteroatoms directly bonded to C;
at least one H is substituted with any one atom of F, cl, br, I.
3. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the first compound has a structure represented by at least one of the general formulae (i-1) to (i-2):
4. the liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the second compound has a structure represented by at least one of the general formulae (ii-1) to (ii-3):
5. the liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the third compound has a structure represented by at least one of the general formulae (iii-1) to (iii-11):
6. the liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the third compound has a structure represented by at least one of the general formulae (iv-1) to (iv-4):
7. the liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the third compound has a structure represented by at least one of the formulas (v-1) and (v-2):
8. the liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a mass fraction of the first compound in the liquid crystal composition is greater than 0%, and a mass fraction of the first compound is less than or equal to 12%.
9. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 8, wherein the mass fraction of the second compound in the liquid crystal composition is 1% or more, and the mass fraction of the second compound is 15% or less;
when the third compound comprises a compound represented by the general formula (III), the mass fraction of the compound represented by the general formula (III) in the liquid crystal composition is more than or equal to 5%, and the mass fraction of the compound represented by the general formula (III) is less than or equal to 60%;
when the third compound comprises a compound represented by a general formula (IV), the mass fraction of the compound represented by the general formula (IV) in the liquid crystal composition is more than or equal to 1%, and the mass fraction of the compound represented by the general formula (IV) is less than or equal to 20%;
when the third compound includes a compound represented by the general formula (v), the mass fraction of the compound represented by the general formula (v) in the liquid crystal composition is 20% or more, and the mass fraction of the compound represented by the general formula (v) is 60% or less.
10. A display panel, comprising a first substrate, a second substrate positioned on the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate;
wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises the liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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