CN117585673B - Preparation method of biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment and sewage treatment method - Google Patents
Preparation method of biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment and sewage treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117585673B CN117585673B CN202410082247.6A CN202410082247A CN117585673B CN 117585673 B CN117585673 B CN 117585673B CN 202410082247 A CN202410082247 A CN 202410082247A CN 117585673 B CN117585673 B CN 117585673B
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 29
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 29
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 29
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 34
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 29
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 26
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 235000003570 Phyllostachys pubescens Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 244000302661 Phyllostachys pubescens Species 0.000 description 12
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 11
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 10
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical compound NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032770 biofilm formation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical group C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- PQVHMOLNSYFXIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C(=NN(C=1)CC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O)C(=O)O PQVHMOLNSYFXIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010198 maturation time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials
- C01B32/324—Preparation characterised by the starting materials from waste materials, e.g. tyres or spent sulfite pulp liquor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/342—Preparation characterised by non-gaseous activating agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/301—Aerobic and anaerobic treatment in the same reactor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of biomembrane carrier materials for sewage treatment, and discloses a preparation method of biomembrane carrier active carbon for sewage treatment and a sewage treatment method, which are used for solving the technical problems of insufficient water flow impact resistance and long biomembrane hanging time when the existing active carbon is used as a biomembrane carrier. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining carbon powder, adding calcium sulfate whisker and adhesive into the carbon powder, and fully mixing to obtain a paste material, wherein the dosage of the calcium sulfate whisker is 1-10 wt% of the dosage of the carbon powder; injecting the paste material into a forming die and extruding a blank from the forming die under the action of a press; drying the blank, carbonizing to obtain carbonized material, oxidizing the carbonized material, and oxidizing the carbonized material in CO 2 atmosphere at 400-500 deg.C for 10-30 min; activating the oxidized carbonized material to obtain an active carbon product, wherein ammonia water with the mass concentration of 5% -12% is used as an activating agent for 2-5 h at 800-1000 ℃ during activation, and the using amount of the activating agent is 15ml/h-60ml/h corresponding to the activating agent flow rate of every 500g of carbon powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomembrane carrier materials for sewage treatment, in particular to a preparation method of biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment and a sewage treatment method.
Background
The biomembrane method is one of the important technologies of the current sewage treatment, and the basic principle is that solid-liquid two-phase mass transfer is carried out through the contact of sewage and the biomembrane, and the biodegradation of organic matters is carried out through the biomembrane, so that the sewage can be purified. The biological membrane is generally composed of highly dense aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, facultative bacteria, fungi, algae and the like. The biomembrane carrier (also called biomembrane filler) is a carrier for adhering and growing biomembrane and is the core of the biomembrane method; in order to ensure the activity of the biological membrane, the selection of a proper biological membrane carrier material is very important.
The activated carbon has a developed pore structure and has great application potential in the aspect of biomembrane carriers. However, the prior activated carbon is ubiquitous when used as a biological membrane carrier: the problems of weak water flow impact resistance, long biofilm formation time, low COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand ) removal rate and high use cost are solved. In order to solve the problem of weak water flow impact resistance, the means for adding calcium sulfate whiskers to activated carbon provided by the applicant of the present invention in the patent document with publication number CN116495733B can be adopted, but the inventors found that there is still a problem of uneven dispersion of calcium sulfate whiskers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a biological film carrier active carbon for sewage treatment and a sewage treatment method, which are used for solving the technical problems of insufficient water flow impact resistance, longer biological film forming time and lower COD removal rate when the existing active carbon is used as a biological film carrier.
In a first aspect, a method for preparing activated carbon as a biological membrane carrier for sewage treatment includes: obtaining carbon powder, adding calcium sulfate whisker and an adhesive into the carbon powder, and fully mixing to obtain a paste material, wherein the dosage of the calcium sulfate whisker is 1-10 wt% of the dosage of the carbon powder; injecting the paste material into a forming die and extruding a blank from the forming die under the action of a press; drying the blank, carbonizing to obtain carbonized material, oxidizing the carbonized material, and oxidizing the carbonized material in CO 2 atmosphere at 400-500 ℃ for 10-30 min; activating the oxidized carbonized material to obtain an active carbon product, wherein ammonia water with the mass concentration of 5% -12% is used as an activating agent for 2-5 h at 800-1000 ℃ during activation, and the using amount of the activating agent is 15ml/h-60ml/h corresponding to the activating agent flow rate of every 500g of carbon powder.
According to an embodiment of the preparation method of the biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment, the method for preparing the paste material by adding the calcium sulfate whiskers and the adhesive into the carbon powder and fully mixing comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing the carbon powder with a liquid pore blocking agent to obtain a first mixture, wherein the liquid pore blocking agent is used for blocking the carbon powder in the first mixture from adsorbing the follow-up calcium sulfate whisker and/or binder and at least partially gasifying and volatilizing when carbonization can be performed; and mixing the first mixture with calcium sulfate whiskers and a binder to obtain a second mixture, wherein the binder is used for ensuring the plasticity of the second mixture and can be at least partially converted into a carbonized material during subsequent carbonization.
According to an embodiment of the preparation method of the biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment, the liquid pore blocking agent comprises at least one of CMC solution and silica sol; and/or the binder comprises tar.
According to the embodiment of the preparation method of the biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment, the dosage ratio of the carbon powder, the liquid pore blocking agent and the adhesive is as follows: the mass of the carbon powder is that the mass of the liquid pore blocking agent is that of the adhesive is =1 (0.3-1): 0.3-1.5; wherein, the mass percentage concentration of CMC solution is 5% -25%, and the mass percentage concentration of silicon dioxide in silica sol is 10% -35%.
According to the embodiment of the preparation method of the biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment, the liquid pore blocking agent is formed by mixing CMC solution and silica sol; the mass ratio of CMC solution to silica sol is 0.5-1.5.
According to an embodiment of the preparation method of the biological film carrier active carbon for sewage treatment, the average diameter of the calcium sulfate whisker is 1-4 μm, and the average length is 30-150 μm.
According to an embodiment of the method for preparing the biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment, the blank is spherical, columnar or honeycomb.
According to the embodiment of the preparation method of the biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment, the carbon powder is bamboo carbon powder prepared by carbonizing bamboo and then crushing.
According to the embodiment of the preparation method of the biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment, the carbon powder is prepared by regenerating and crushing the waste activated carbon.
According to the embodiment of the preparation method of the biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment, the carbonization is carried out for 40min-60min at 400-600 ℃ in a nitrogen environment.
In the second aspect, the method for treating sewage adopts a biomembrane method, and the biomembrane carrier used by the biomembrane method is prepared by the method for preparing the biomembrane carrier active carbon for treating sewage in the first aspect.
In order to improve the impact resistance of the biomembrane carrier active carbon for sewage treatment in running water and prolong the service life of the biomembrane carrier active carbon for sewage treatment, the preparation method is added with calcium sulfate whiskers, and the strength of the biomembrane carrier active carbon for sewage treatment is improved by taking the calcium sulfate whiskers as reinforcing phases by utilizing the advantages of high strength, high modulus and high toughness of the calcium sulfate whiskers.
When the average diameter of the calcium sulfate whisker adopted in the invention is 1-4 mu m and the average length is 30-150 mu m, the size of the calcium sulfate whisker adopted in the invention is smaller than that of the calcium sulfate whisker adopted in the patent literature mentioned in the background art, which is beneficial to the uniform distribution of the calcium sulfate whisker in the biological film carrier active carbon for sewage treatment, and the calcium sulfate whisker and the active carbon phase form a uniform nano structure, thereby better ensuring the specific surface area and the adsorption performance of the biological film carrier active carbon for sewage treatment.
The carbon powder can be bamboo carbon powder prepared by crushing after bamboo carbonization, and/or the carbon powder can be carbon powder prepared by crushing after regeneration of waste activated carbon. Bamboo is a good sustainable ecological resource, is environment-friendly, low in cost and easy to obtain, has lower harmful impurity content compared with coal-based activated carbon, and has higher biological affinity when being used as a biological membrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment. When the carbon powder is prepared by regenerating and crushing the waste activated carbon, the waste activated carbon can be reused, so that the use economy of the biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment is obviously reduced.
And (3) oxidizing the carbonized material to enable carbon dioxide to exist as a mild oxidant, wherein C atoms in the carbon material are combined with the carbon dioxide and escape (C+CO 2 →CO) in the form of CO, so that the development of micropores (with the pore diameter of less than 2 nanometers) is promoted at a lower temperature. When the oxidized carbonized material is activated, the development of mesopores (with the pore diameter of 2-50 nanometers) is promoted mainly at a higher temperature. Therefore, the combination of oxidation and activation is beneficial to providing wide pore structure distribution for the biological film carrier active carbon for sewage treatment, and is beneficial to reducing the biological film forming time and improving the COD removal rate.
In the activation process, ammonia water is used as an activating agent, the-COOH on the surface of the activated carbon is combined with NH 3 to form ammonium salt, the ammonium salt can be dehydrated at high temperature to form carboxyl amide and nitrile groups, meanwhile, the-OH can be combined with NH 3 to form amine groups, and the amino is homologous with microorganisms, so that the biological affinity is increased, the microorganism cultivation and domestication time period is shortened, and the film forming speed is accelerated.
The inventors found that: because the carbon powder (especially when the carbon powder is prepared by crushing the regenerated waste activated carbon) has stronger adsorptivity, the uneven adsorption of the carbon powder to the calcium sulfate whisker and the adhesive can be caused, the overall strength of the biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment can be influenced when the calcium sulfate whisker is unevenly mixed, and the poor quality of blanks (burrs are easy to occur) can be caused when the adhesive is unevenly mixed. In the process of adding calcium sulfate whiskers and an adhesive into carbon powder and fully mixing to obtain a paste material, firstly mixing the carbon powder with a liquid pore blocking agent to obtain a first mixture, wherein the liquid pore blocking agent is used for blocking the carbon powder in the first mixture from adsorbing and at least partially gasifying and volatilizing the subsequent calcium sulfate whiskers and/or the adhesive when carbonizing, and then mixing the first mixture with the calcium sulfate whiskers and the adhesive to obtain a second mixture, wherein the adhesive is used for ensuring the plasticity of the second mixture and can be at least partially converted into a carbonized material when carbonizing subsequently. After the carbon powder and the liquid pore-blocking agent are mixed to obtain a first mixture, the liquid pore-blocking agent can rapidly block pores on the surface of the carbon powder so as to prevent the carbon powder in the first mixture from adsorbing follow-up calcium sulfate whiskers and binders, and in addition, the liquid pore-blocking agent can be at least partially gasified and volatilized to form pores during follow-up heating, so that the porosity of a product is improved.
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and detailed description. Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the adsorption and desorption curves of nitrogen in the sample obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing pore size distribution of the sample obtained in example 1 of the present invention and comparative example 1.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the comparison of the outer chromatograms of the sample obtained in example 1 of the present invention and comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the invention based on these descriptions. Before describing the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be noted in particular that:
the technical solutions and technical features provided in the respective sections including the following description may be combined with each other without conflict. Furthermore, the described embodiments, features, and combinations of features can be combined as desired and claimed in any given application.
The embodiments of the invention that are referred to in the following description are typically only a few, but not all, embodiments, based on which all other embodiments, as may be obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of patent protection.
The terms "comprising," "including," and any variations thereof in this specification and the corresponding claims and related sections are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. Other related terms and units may be reasonably construed based on the present invention to provide relevant information.
Biofilm carrier activated carbon samples for sewage treatment were prepared by the following examples and comparative examples, respectively, and then tested.
Example 1: selecting once carbonized phyllostachys pubescens (carbonized from fresh phyllostachys pubescens), pulverizing (namely preparing carbon powder, the same applies below), sieving with a sieve with a passing rate of less than 200 meshes to obtain 500g of once carbonized phyllostachys pubescens powder, 5g of calcium sulfate whisker (commercial calcium sulfate whisker with average diameter of 1-4 μm and average length of 30-150 μm), placing into a kneader, kneading at 80 ℃, adding 175g of bamboo tar, kneading and stirring for 5min, adding 10ml of water, and continuously kneading for 15 min. Selecting a 4.7mm aperture mould for molding, controlling the pressure of a hydraulic press at 17Mpa, extruding and molding to obtain columnar particle blanks, airing for 12h, removing water, carbonizing in a crucible under the protection of N 2 gas for 1h, wherein the temperature is 600 ℃, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min. After carbonization, introducing CO 2 into carbonized materials after cooling, oxidizing for 10min at 400 ℃, oxidizing before activation, and taking out after oxidation treatment for cooling. Activating for 3h at 900 ℃ and a heating rate of 10 ℃/min. The activator is ammonia water with the mass concentration of 6%, the flow rate of the ammonia water is controlled at 15ml/h, and the finished product (namely the biological membrane carrier activated carbon sample for sewage treatment, the same applies below) is obtained after the activation is completed.
Example 2: the phyllostachys pubescens as in example 1 is selected, crushed and then made into powder, the powder granularity is below 200 meshes, the sieving passing rate is more than 95%, 500g of the primary bamboo charcoal powder, 15g of calcium sulfate whisker (adopting the calcium sulfate whisker as in example 1) are obtained, the powder is placed in a kneader, the kneading temperature is set at 80 ℃, 175g of bamboo tar is added, the kneading and stirring are carried out for 5min, 10ml of water is added, and the kneading is continued for 15 min. Selecting a 4.7mm aperture mould for molding, controlling the pressure of a hydraulic press at 17Mpa, extruding and molding to obtain columnar particle blanks, airing for 12h, removing water, carbonizing in a crucible under the protection of N 2 gas for 1h, wherein the temperature is 600 ℃, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min. After carbonization, introducing CO 2 into carbonized materials after cooling, oxidizing for 10min at 400 ℃, and taking out and cooling after oxidizing. Activating for 3h at 900 ℃ and a heating rate of 10 ℃/min. The activator is ammonia water with the mass concentration of 6%, the flow rate of the ammonia water is controlled at 15ml/h, and the finished product is obtained after the activation is completed.
Example 3: the phyllostachys pubescens as in example 1 is selected, crushed and then milled, the powder granularity is below 200 meshes, the sieving passing rate is more than 95%, 500g and 45g of the primary bamboo charcoal powder (adopting the calcium sulfate whisker as in example 1) are obtained, the primary bamboo charcoal powder is placed in a kneader, the kneading temperature is set at 80 ℃, 175g of bamboo tar is added, the kneading and stirring are carried out for 5min, 10ml of water is added, and the kneading is continued for 15 min. Selecting a 4.7mm aperture mould for molding, controlling the pressure of a hydraulic press at 17Mpa, extruding and molding to obtain columnar particle blanks, airing for 12h, removing water, carbonizing in a crucible under the protection of N 2 gas for 1h, wherein the temperature is 600 ℃, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min. After carbonization, introducing CO 2 into carbonized materials after cooling, oxidizing for 10min at 400 ℃, and taking out and cooling after oxidizing. Activating for 3h at 900 ℃ and a heating rate of 10 ℃/min. The activator is ammonia water with the mass concentration of 6%, the flow rate of the ammonia water is controlled at 15ml/h, and the finished product is obtained after the activation is completed.
Example 4: the phyllostachys pubescens as in example 1 is selected, crushed and then made into powder, the powder granularity is below 200 meshes, the sieving passing rate is more than 95%, 500g of the primary bamboo charcoal powder, 15g of calcium sulfate whisker (adopting the calcium sulfate whisker as in example 1) are obtained, the powder is placed in a kneader, the kneading temperature is set at 80 ℃, 175g of bamboo tar is added, the kneading and stirring are carried out for 5min, 10ml of water is added, and the kneading is continued for 15 min. Selecting a 4.7mm aperture mould for molding, controlling the pressure of a hydraulic press at 17Mpa, extruding and molding to obtain columnar particle blanks, airing for 12h, removing water, carbonizing in a crucible under the protection of N 2 gas for 1h, wherein the temperature is 600 ℃, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min. After carbonization, introducing CO 2 into carbonized materials after cooling, oxidizing at 500 ℃ for 20min, and taking out and cooling after oxidizing. Activating for 3h at 900 ℃ and a heating rate of 10 ℃/min. The activator is ammonia water with the mass concentration of 6%, the flow rate of the ammonia water is controlled at 15ml/h, and the finished product is obtained after the activation is completed.
Example 5: the phyllostachys pubescens as in example 1 is selected, crushed and then made into powder, the powder granularity is below 200 meshes, the sieving passing rate is more than 95%, 500g of the primary bamboo charcoal powder, 15g of calcium sulfate whisker (adopting the calcium sulfate whisker as in example 1) are obtained, the powder is placed in a kneader, the kneading temperature is set at 80 ℃, 175g of bamboo tar is added, the kneading and stirring are carried out for 5min, 10ml of water is added, and the kneading is continued for 15 min. Selecting a 4.7mm aperture mould for molding, controlling the pressure of a hydraulic press at 17Mpa, extruding and molding to obtain columnar particle blanks, airing for 12h, removing water, carbonizing in a crucible under the protection of N 2 gas for 1h, wherein the temperature is 600 ℃, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min. After carbonization, introducing CO 2 into carbonized materials after cooling, oxidizing for 30min at 500 ℃, and taking out and cooling after oxidizing. Activating for 3h at 900 ℃ and a heating rate of 10 ℃/min. The activator is ammonia water with the mass concentration of 6%, the flow rate of the ammonia water is controlled at 15ml/h, and the finished product is obtained after the activation is completed.
Example 6: the phyllostachys pubescens as in example 1 is selected, crushed and then made into powder, the powder granularity is below 200 meshes, the sieving passing rate is more than 95%, 500g of the primary bamboo charcoal powder, 15g of calcium sulfate whisker (adopting the calcium sulfate whisker as in example 1) are obtained, the powder is placed in a kneader, the kneading temperature is set at 80 ℃, 175g of bamboo tar is added, the kneading and stirring are carried out for 5min, 10ml of water is added, and the kneading is continued for 15 min. Selecting a 4.7mm aperture mould for molding, controlling the pressure of a hydraulic press at 17Mpa, extruding and molding to obtain columnar particle blanks, airing for 12h, removing water, carbonizing in a crucible under the protection of N 2 gas for 1h, wherein the temperature is 600 ℃, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min. After carbonization, introducing CO 2 into carbonized materials after cooling, oxidizing for 30min at 500 ℃, and taking out and cooling after oxidizing. Activating for 3h at 900 ℃ and a heating rate of 10 ℃/min. The activator is ammonia water with the mass concentration of 9%, the flow rate of the ammonia water is controlled to be 15ml/h, and the finished product is obtained after the activation is completed.
Example 7: selecting phyllostachys pubescens as in example 1, pulverizing, sieving with a sieve with a powder granularity below 200 meshes to obtain 500g of primary bamboo charcoal powder, placing into a kneader, adding 200g of CMC (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) solution with a mass percentage concentration of 10% into the kneader, kneading and stirring for 5min to obtain a first mixture, adding 15g of calcium sulfate whisker (adopting the same calcium sulfate whisker as in example 1) and 175g of bamboo tar into the kneader, and kneading at 80 ℃ for 15min to obtain a second mixture. Selecting a 4.7mm aperture mould for molding, controlling the pressure of a hydraulic press at 17Mpa, extruding and molding the second mixture to obtain columnar particle blanks, airing for 12h, removing water, carbonizing in a crucible for 1h under the protection of N 2 gas, wherein the temperature is 600 ℃, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min. After carbonization, introducing CO 2 into carbonized materials after cooling, oxidizing for 30min at 500 ℃, and taking out and cooling after oxidizing. Activating for 3h at 900 ℃ and a heating rate of 10 ℃/min. The activator is ammonia water with the mass concentration of 6%, the flow rate of the ammonia water is controlled at 15ml/h, and the finished product is obtained after the activation is completed.
Example 8: selecting phyllostachys pubescens as in example 1, pulverizing, sieving with a sieve with a powder granularity below 200 meshes to obtain 500g of primary bamboo charcoal powder, placing into a kneader, adding 200g of silica sol with mass percentage concentration of 20% into the kneader, kneading and stirring for 5min to obtain a first mixture, adding 15g of calcium sulfate whisker (using the same calcium sulfate whisker as in example 1) and 175g of bamboo tar into the kneader again, and kneading at 80 ℃ for 15min to obtain a second mixture. Selecting a 4.7mm aperture mould for molding, controlling the pressure of a hydraulic press at 17Mpa, extruding and molding the second mixture to obtain columnar particle blanks, airing for 12h, removing water, carbonizing in a crucible for 1h under the protection of N 2 gas, wherein the temperature is 600 ℃, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min. After carbonization, introducing CO 2 into carbonized materials after cooling, oxidizing for 30min at 500 ℃, and taking out and cooling after oxidizing. Activating for 3h at 900 ℃ and a heating rate of 10 ℃/min. The activator is ammonia water with the mass concentration of 6%, the flow rate of the ammonia water is controlled at 15ml/h, and the finished product is obtained after the activation is completed.
Example 9: selecting regenerated waste activated carbon (for sewage COD adsorption), pulverizing, sieving with a sieve with a powder granularity below 200 meshes and a passing rate of more than 95%, obtaining 500g of waste activated carbon powder and 15g of calcium sulfate whisker (adopting the same calcium sulfate whisker as that in the embodiment 1), placing into a kneader, kneading at 80 ℃, adding 175g of bamboo tar, kneading and stirring for 5min, adding 10ml of water, and continuing kneading for 15 min. Selecting a 4.7mm aperture mould for molding, controlling the pressure of a hydraulic press at 17Mpa, extruding and molding to obtain columnar particle blanks, airing for 12h, removing water, carbonizing in a crucible under the protection of N 2 gas for 1h, wherein the temperature is 600 ℃, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min. After carbonization, introducing CO 2 into carbonized materials after cooling, oxidizing for 30min at 500 ℃, and taking out and cooling after oxidizing. Activating for 3h at 900 ℃ and a heating rate of 10 ℃/min. The activator is ammonia water with the mass concentration of 6%, the flow rate of the ammonia water is controlled at 15ml/h, and the finished product is obtained after the activation is completed.
Example 10: selecting the same waste activated carbon as in example 9, pulverizing, sieving with a sieve with a powder granularity below 200 meshes and a passing rate of more than 95%, obtaining 500g of the waste activated carbon powder, placing into a kneader, adding 200g of CMC (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) solution with a mass percentage concentration of 10% into the kneader, kneading and stirring for 5min to obtain a first mixture, adding 15g of calcium sulfate whisker (adopting the same calcium sulfate whisker as in example 1) and 175g of bamboo tar into the kneader again, and kneading and stirring for 15min at 80 ℃ to obtain a second mixture. Selecting a 4.7mm aperture mould for molding, controlling the pressure of a hydraulic press at 17Mpa, extruding and molding the second mixture to obtain columnar particle blanks, airing for 12h, removing water, carbonizing in a crucible for 1h under the protection of N 2 gas, wherein the temperature is 600 ℃, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min. After carbonization, introducing CO 2 into carbonized materials after cooling, oxidizing for 30min at 500 ℃, and taking out and cooling after oxidizing. Activating for 3h at 900 ℃ and a heating rate of 10 ℃/min. The activator is ammonia water with the mass concentration of 6%, the flow rate of the ammonia water is controlled at 15ml/h, and the finished product is obtained after the activation is completed.
Comparative example 1: the phyllostachys pubescens is selected as in the embodiment 1, crushed and made into powder, the granularity of the powder is below 200 meshes, the sieving passing rate is more than 95%, 500g of the primary bamboo charcoal powder is obtained, the powder is placed in a kneader, the kneading temperature is set at 80 ℃, 175g of bamboo tar is added, the mixture is kneaded and stirred for 5min, 10ml of water is added, and the mixture is continuously kneaded for 15 min. Selecting a 4.7mm aperture mould for molding, controlling the pressure of a hydraulic press at 17Mpa, extruding and molding to obtain columnar particle blanks, airing for 12h, removing water, carbonizing in a crucible under the protection of N 2 gas for 1h, wherein the temperature is 600 ℃, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min. And after carbonization, cooling and taking out carbonized materials for activation, wherein the activation temperature is 900 ℃, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the activation is completed for 3 hours, so that a finished product is obtained.
Comparative example 2: the phyllostachys pubescens is selected as in the embodiment 1, crushed and made into powder, the granularity of the powder is below 200 meshes, the sieving passing rate is more than 95%, 500g of the primary bamboo charcoal powder is obtained, the powder is placed in a kneader, the kneading temperature is set at 80 ℃, 175g of bamboo tar is added, the mixture is kneaded and stirred for 5min, 10ml of water is added, and the mixture is continuously kneaded for 15 min. Selecting a 4.7mm aperture mould for molding, controlling the pressure of a hydraulic press at 17Mpa, extruding and molding to obtain columnar particle blanks, airing for 12h, removing water, carbonizing in a crucible under the protection of N 2 gas for 1h, wherein the temperature is 600 ℃, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min. And after carbonization, cooling and taking out carbonized materials for activation, wherein the activation temperature is 900 ℃, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the activation is carried out for 3 hours. The activator is ammonia water with the mass concentration of 6%, the flow rate of the ammonia water is controlled at 15ml/h, and the finished product is obtained after the activation is completed.
Biofilm carrier activated carbon sample biofilm hanging experiment for sewage treatment
The COD content in the sewage is measured by adopting a potassium dichromate method, and the removal rate of the outlet COD is calculated according to a formula:
COD removal = (influent COD-effluent COD)/influent COD 100%.
The specific test method of the sample strength is carried out according to the strength measurement mode in GB/T7702.3-2008.
The same amount of samples of examples and controls were taken and placed in two sets of bioreactors under the same conditions for testing. A secondary sedimentation tank of a sewage treatment plant is adopted to simulate a sewage mixture in a pilot plant test, the test is carried out in a bioreactor, the temperature is 20-30 ℃, the pH is 6.8-7.4, the hydraulic retention time is 1-3 h, and the result is shown in Table 1. After 5 days, the surfaces of the samples in examples 1 to 10 all had yellowish biofilms, whereas the surfaces of the samples in comparative examples 1 to 2 did not have obvious films; after 15d, the COD values of the effluent in examples 1 to 10 all reached a steady state, i.e. the biofilm was mature, whereas the sample of comparative example 1 showed no biofilm maturation after 26 d.
Biological fixation comparative experiment: the immobilized biomass was measured on the biological membranes of the samples of examples and comparative examples, respectively, the tests were carried out in a bioreactor under the same conditions, and after the completion of the loading, the biomass on all the samples was measured by the method of measuring the biomass by the phospholipid method, and the results were averaged by three experiments, and are shown in table 1.
Table 1: sample strength and biofilm formation test results of examples and comparative examples
| Sample numbering | Biofilm maturation time (Tian) | Effluent COD (mg/L) | COD removal Rate (%) | Biomass (μg/g) | Strength% |
| Example 1 | 15 | 7.2 | 85.67 | 5.94 | 97.11 |
| Example 2 | 14 | 6.8 | 86.47 | 6.25 | 97.26 |
| Example 3 | 15 | 8.1 | 83.88 | 5.63 | 98.05 |
| Example 4 | 15 | 7.7 | 84.68 | 5.97 | 97.84 |
| Example 5 | 16 | 6.2 | 87.66 | 6.87 | 97.88 |
| Example 6 | 14 | 8.0 | 84.08 | 6.49 | 97.86 |
| Example 7 | 16 | 6.1 | 88.25 | 7.13 | 98.72 |
| Example 8 | 16 | 6.1 | 88.45 | 7.35 | 99.11 |
| Example 9 | 15 | 8.3 | 83.15 | 5.54 | 96.15 |
| Example 10 | 15 | 6.6 | 86.95 | 7.15 | 98.95 |
| Comparative example 1 | 26 | 34.2 | 31.94 | 1.22 | 92.11 |
| Comparative example 2 | 25 | 30.1 | 37.54 | 2.13 | 91.35 |
As can be seen from table 1, the film forming time of examples 1 to 10 is obviously shortened, and the COD removal rate is obviously improved; meanwhile, the samples of the examples 1-10 have strong microorganism immobilization capacity; the strength of the samples of examples 1-10 was also significantly improved.
By comparison of examples 1-6 with examples 7-8, and by comparison of example 8 with example 9, it can be shown that: because the carbon powder (especially when the carbon powder is prepared by crushing the regenerated waste activated carbon) has stronger adsorptivity, the uneven adsorption of the carbon powder to the calcium sulfate whisker and the adhesive can be caused, the overall strength of the biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment can be influenced when the calcium sulfate whisker is unevenly mixed, and the quality of the blank can be poor when the adhesive is unevenly mixed. In the process of adding calcium sulfate whiskers and an adhesive into carbon powder and fully mixing the carbon powder to obtain a paste material, firstly mixing the carbon powder with a liquid pore-blocking agent to obtain a first mixture, wherein the liquid pore-blocking agent is used for blocking the adsorption of the carbon powder in the first mixture to the follow-up calcium sulfate whiskers and/or the adhesive and at least partially gasifying and volatilizing when carbonizing, and then mixing the first mixture with the calcium sulfate whiskers and the adhesive to obtain a second mixture, wherein the adhesive is used for ensuring the plasticity of the second mixture and at least partially converting the second mixture into a carbonized material when carbonizing the follow-up, after the first mixture is obtained by mixing the carbon powder with the liquid pore-blocking agent, the liquid pore-blocking agent can rapidly block the adsorption of the carbon powder in the first mixture to the follow-up calcium sulfate whiskers and the adhesive, so that the strength of a sample can be improved, and in addition, the liquid pore-blocking agent can at least partially gasifying and volatilizing when heating the follow-up to pore-blocking the carbon powder, so that the porosity of the sample can be improved.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the adsorption and desorption curves of nitrogen in the sample obtained in example 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a graph showing pore size distribution of the sample obtained in example 1 of the present invention and comparative example 1. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the comparison of the outer chromatograms of the sample obtained in example 1 of the present invention and comparative example 1.
As shown in FIG. 1, the pore properties were calculated using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), HK model. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the nitrogen adsorption and desorption curve of the sample obtained in example 1 belongs to the type I isotherm, which indicates that the pores of the activated carbon are regular. The nitrogen adsorption and desorption curve of the sample obtained in example 1 has a small hysteresis area, which indicates that the sample has a certain number of mesopores, and is beneficial to adsorbing pollutants with larger molecular weight in water.
As shown in FIG. 2, the sample obtained in example 1 has a mesoporous structure and ensures good micropore distribution, and the structural distribution is beneficial to improving the adsorption performance of the carrier on organic matters, and is beneficial to improving the immobilization capacity of functional bacteria on the surface of the carrier carbon, such as the immobilized bacteria level, the proliferation effect, the biodegradation activity and the like, as the biological carrier.
As shown in FIG. 3, the stretching vibration peak of-OH bond at 3430cm -1 and the absorption peak of alcohol at 1153cm -1 The absorption peak at 650cm -1 is alcohol/>Bending vibration peaks of (2); an absorption peak of COO-at 1550cm -1 and a carboxyl group/>, an absorption peak at 1517cm -1 Bending vibration peaks of (2); 1625cm -1 is amino/>Bending vibration peaks of (2). Namely, compared with comparative example 1, the sample of example 1 has more surface functional groups, wherein abundant carboxyl, hydroxyl and amino groups are beneficial to improving the adsorption performance of organic matters, and simultaneously beneficial to improving the biocompatibility, so that the film forming speed is greatly increased.
Comparison of the examples 1-10 and the comparative example 1 shows that in the activation process, ammonia water is used as an activator, the-COOH on the surface of the activated carbon is combined with NH 3 to form ammonium salt, the ammonium salt is dehydrated at high temperature to form carboxyl amide and nitrile groups, meanwhile, the-OH can be combined with NH 3 to form amine groups, and the amino groups are homologous with microorganisms, so that the biological affinity is improved, the microorganism cultivation and domestication time period is shortened, and the film forming speed is increased.
The above experiments also show that: and (3) oxidizing the carbonized material to enable carbon dioxide to exist as a mild oxidant, wherein C atoms in the carbon material are combined with the carbon dioxide and escape (C+CO2→CO) in the form of CO, so that the development of micropores (with the pore diameter of less than 2 nanometers) is promoted at a lower temperature. When the oxidized carbonized material is activated, the development of mesopores (with the pore diameter of 2-50 nanometers) is promoted mainly at a higher temperature. Therefore, the combination of oxidation and activation is beneficial to providing wide pore structure distribution for the biological film carrier active carbon for sewage treatment, and is beneficial to reducing the biological film forming time and improving the COD removal rate.
The content of the present invention is described above. Those of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the invention based on these descriptions. Based on the foregoing specification, all other embodiments that may be obtained by one of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort shall fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprising the following steps:
obtaining carbon powder, adding calcium sulfate whisker and an adhesive into the carbon powder, and fully mixing to obtain a paste material, wherein the dosage of the calcium sulfate whisker is 1-10 wt% of the dosage of the carbon powder;
injecting the paste material into a forming die and extruding a blank from the forming die under the action of a press;
drying the blank, carbonizing to obtain carbonized material, oxidizing the carbonized material, and oxidizing the carbonized material in CO 2 atmosphere at 400-500 ℃ for 10-30 min;
Activating the oxidized carbonized material to obtain an active carbon product, wherein ammonia water with the mass concentration of 5% -12% is used as an activating agent for 2-5 h at 800-1000 ℃ during activation, and the using amount of the activating agent is 15-60 mL/h corresponding to the activating agent flow rate of every 500g of carbon powder;
the method for preparing the paste material by adding the calcium sulfate whisker and the adhesive into the carbon powder and fully mixing the mixture comprises the following steps:
Firstly, mixing the carbon powder with a liquid pore blocking agent to obtain a first mixture, wherein the liquid pore blocking agent is used for blocking the carbon powder in the first mixture from adsorbing the follow-up calcium sulfate whisker and/or binder and at least partially gasifying and volatilizing when carbonization can be performed;
Mixing the first mixture with calcium sulfate whiskers and a binder to obtain a second mixture, wherein the binder is used for ensuring the plasticity of the second mixture and can be at least partially converted into a carbonized material during subsequent carbonization;
The liquid pore blocking agent comprises at least one of CMC solution and silica sol; the binder comprises tar.
2. The method for preparing the biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the dosage of the carbon powder to the dosage of the liquid pore blocking agent to the dosage of the adhesive is as follows: the mass of the carbon powder is that the mass of the liquid pore blocking agent is that of the adhesive is =1 (0.3-1): 0.3-1.5; wherein, the mass percentage concentration of CMC solution is 5% -25%, and the mass percentage concentration of silicon dioxide in silica sol is 10% -35%.
3. The method for preparing the biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the liquid pore blocking agent is formed by mixing CMC solution and silica sol; the mass ratio of CMC solution to silica sol is 0.5-1.5.
4. The method for preparing the biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the average diameter of the calcium sulfate whisker is 1-4 mu m, and the average length is 30-150 mu m.
5. The method for preparing the biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the blank is spherical, columnar or honeycomb.
6. The method for preparing the biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the carbon powder is bamboo carbon powder prepared by carbonizing bamboo and then crushing; and/or the carbon powder is prepared by regenerating the waste activated carbon and then crushing the regenerated waste activated carbon.
7. The method for preparing the biomembrane carrier activated carbon for sewage treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the carbonization is carried out for 40min-60min at 400 ℃ -600 ℃ in nitrogen environment.
8. The sewage treatment method adopts a biomembrane method and is characterized in that: the biofilm carrier used by the biofilm method is prepared by the preparation method of the biofilm carrier active carbon for sewage treatment in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| 纳滤膜净化高氟高砷地下水的试验研究;王晓伟;中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库;20100401;全文 * |
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