CN109046004B - Biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas and a preparation method thereof. The biological filler comprises the following raw materials: modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin, diatomite, biochar, ceramsite, calcium oxide, silicate inorganic gel and water. The preparation method of the biological filler comprises the following steps: dissolving the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin and calcium oxide to obtain sol A; uniformly mixing diatomite, biochar and silicate inorganic gel to obtain powder B; and (3) placing the ceramsite in the sol A for soaking for 5min, placing the ceramsite and the powder B in a roller granulator for granulation, spraying the sol A in the granulation process to obtain primary curing gelled particles, and curing to obtain the biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas. The biological filler prepared by the invention can be widely applied to various types of organic waste gas biological purification systems, so that hydrophobic organic waste gas can penetrate through a water film on the surface of the wetted filler to be contacted with microorganisms more easily, and then is degraded by high-efficiency catalysis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material chemistry and environmental protection, and particularly relates to a biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, the country is trending towards stricter limits on organic pollutant emission, how to ensure the concentration of organic pollutants to reach the standard in the future, and the need to upgrade and modify the existing organic pollution treatment technology to adapt to the new emission standard requirements is urgent. With the increasing importance of volatile organic pollutants (VOCs) in China and the continuous strict discharge of VOCs in environmental regulations, the VOCs treatment technology is also gradually improved and perfected. The difficulty in treating VOCs is mainly due to their wide variety and wide source. The organic polluted waste gas with complex components is more difficult to purify, separate and recycle.
The biological filtration technology is an economic and stable VOCs treatment technology, and has wide applicability in VOCs treatment. The biological filler plays a key role in the whole technology, is not only a supporting carrier for microbial growth, but also a gas-liquid two-phase mass transfer medium, and the performance of the biological filler directly influences the purification effect of pollutants, so the development of the biological filler is necessary.
Aiming at the treatment of VOCs, the difficulty of the prior biological filtration technology is to find a stable and effective method for fixing organic pollutants in a gas phase to a liquid phase or a solid phase state and then carrying out absorption and degradation by using specific microorganisms. For example, in the chinese patent application with publication No. CN 104524965 a, a structured biological filler is formed by molding materials such as ceramic particles and nutrients, and a large amount of nutrients are beneficial to the growth of microorganisms, and the filler is dried and condensed during the molding process, so that the components cannot be effectively gained, and the strength stability is limited. The chinese patent application with publication number CN 105597696 a utilizes bamboo charcoal powder on the surface layer of filler to adsorb pollutants in water phase, and then carries out absorption and purification by microorganisms, however, the components of VOCs are complex and mostly appear as hydrophobic property, the effective adsorption capacity of conventional adsorbents to pollutants in water phase is not significant, the treatment difficulty of the special microorganisms to pollutants is increased, and the treatment efficiency is reduced.
For the development of the biological filler, the domestic technologies are different, the development and production of the biological filler with unique performance are still in the preliminary stage, the limitation is more obvious when the hydrophobic component is treated, and the enterprise index of the research and development of the biological filler really invested in a large amount of manpower and material resources is more significant, so that a method for simply and effectively adsorbing VOCs with complex degradation components is not found at home. Therefore, the biological filler which is efficient, enhances the adsorption capacity of the hydrophobic substances and effectively links the water phase and the oil phase has great application potential.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a biological filler which has high mass transfer efficiency, can effectively adsorb hydrophobic organic pollutants so as to effectively improve the treatment effect of VOCs and has the function of adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas and a preparation method thereof.
The invention achieves the above purpose through the following technical scheme:
the biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 5-20% of modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin, 5-8% of diatomite, 15-20% of biochar, 20-35% of ceramsite, 2-5% of calcium oxide, 20-30% of silicate inorganic gel and 15-20% of water.
The modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin is a composite material formed by coating iron oxyhydroxide and metal ions or metals with cyclodextrin, wherein the ratio of cyclodextrin: metal ion or metal: the mass ratio of the iron oxyhydroxide is 5-30: 0.1-10: 100; the metal ions are transition metal ions, and the metal is a noble metal. Specifically, the preparation method of the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin refers to a metal-doped cyclodextrin modified iron oxyhydroxide material disclosed in chinese patent application with publication number CN 107537566 a and a one-step synthesis method thereof.
Fe groups are embedded in the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin molecules, and Fe in the Fe groups can be in Fe2+And Fe3+Under the combined action of the biochar, the catalyst is used for accelerating the oxidation-reduction reaction of microorganism organisms and strengthening the activity of life activities of microorganisms, thereby promoting the microorganisms to further absorb and degrade pollutants.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the biological filler for adsorbing and degrading the hydrophobic organic waste gas, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin into water, stirring until the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin is completely dissolved, then adding calcium oxide, and continuously stirring until the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin is completely dissolved to obtain sol A;
(2) uniformly mixing diatomite, biochar and silicate inorganic gel to obtain powder B;
(3) placing the ceramsite into the sol A for soaking for 5min, placing the ceramsite into a granulator, keeping constant-speed rotation, then uniformly scattering powder B into the granulator for granulation for multiple times, pressurizing the sol A by using a booster pump in the granulation process, uniformly spraying the sol A onto the ceramsite and the powder B to obtain primary-cultured particles, and maintaining to obtain the biological filler for adsorbing and degrading the hydrophobic organic waste gas.
Wherein, the rotating speed of the uniform rotation in the step (3) is controlled at 20-25 r/min, and the angle of the turntable is controlled at 45 degrees.
The step (3) of uniformly scattering the powder B into the granulator for granulation for multiple times specifically comprises the following steps: and uniformly scattering the powder B into a granulator for granulation at intervals of 2min for 8-10 times.
The mass of the sol A sprayed in the step (3) in the whole granulation process needs to be controlled to be 5-15% of the total mass.
And curing the primary curing particles in a curing room for 2-3 days at 22 +/-2 ℃ and at a curing humidity of 98%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the raw material of the biological filler contains modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin, the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin is provided with a hydroxyl functional group at the outer part and has hydrophilicity, the inner part is a framework cavity with a ring structure of about 0.7nm, small molecular chains such as benzene series and other hydrophobic substances can be adsorbed, and stable chemical substances are formed under the matching action of van der Waals force, hydrophobic interaction force and host and guest molecules, so that the biological filler can effectively adsorb pollutant molecules, the smoothness of a mass transfer process is ensured, and the biological filler is favorable for microorganisms to further absorb pollutants.
(2) The modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin of the biological filler is embedded into Fe groups and Fe through modifying functional groups of the cyclodextrin2+As electron donor, Fe3+The Fe is used as an electron acceptor to participate in redox reaction, and under the action of the biochar, the Fe shows catalytic activity to form an iron-carbon catalytic reduction system, so that the redox reaction of a microorganism organism is effectively promoted, the mass transfer efficiency is improved, the life activity of the microorganism is enhanced, and the microorganism is promoted to further absorb pollutants.
(3) The diatomite is doped into the raw material of the biological filler, the diatomite has a large number of orderly arranged micropore structures, the diatomite has a water absorption effect in a mixture, the adhesive force and the humidity of the filler in the forming process are improved, the water-holding function of the diatomite effectively reduces the water-cement ratio, the strength of the filler is greatly improved, the drying shrinkage and cracking are reduced, and meanwhile, the raw material provides microelements such as Mg, K, Na, P and the like for microorganisms to maintain the life cycle.
(4) The biological filler raw material is doped with calcium oxide, the calcium oxide generates calcium hydroxide in water, the cyclodextrin and the calcium hydroxide in the inorganic gel can generate unstable complex, the hydration of tricalcium silicate is inhibited in the granulation process, the hydration process is temporarily delayed, the release of hydration heat is slowed, the dissipation of the surface heat of the filler is facilitated, the internal and external temperature difference is reduced, the temperature crack is avoided, and the compactness of the filler is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the change of pH value of different fillers with time in the film forming process. Wherein ≧ is the curve of change of pH value with time during the process of film formation of the biological filler (modified filler) of the invention; ■ is the change curve of the pH value of the unmodified filler along with the time in the process of film formation; the tangle-solidup is the change curve of the pH value of the bamboo charcoal filler along with the time in the film forming process; and the T is the change curve of the pH value of the ceramsite filler along with time in the film hanging process.
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of the biological filler of the invention after 30 days of biofilm culturing.
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron micrograph of an unmodified filler after 30 days of biofilm formation.
FIG. 4 is a scanning electron microscope image of the bamboo charcoal filler filmed 30 days later.
FIG. 5 is a scanning electron microscope image of the ceramsite filler after 30 days of film formation.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the toluene removal rate with time for different fillers. Wherein ≧ is a time-dependent curve for the removal rate of toluene by the biological filler (modified filler) of the present invention; ■ is the change curve of the unmodified filler to toluene removal rate with time; the tangle-solidup is a change curve of the removal rate of the bamboo charcoal filler to the toluene along with time; and the T is the change curve of the removal rate of ceramsite filler p-toluene with time.
FIG. 7 is a graph of ethylbenzene removal over time for different packing materials. Wherein ≧ is the curve of the removal rate of the biological filler (modified filler) of the present invention to ethylbenzene as a function of time; ■ is the curve of the removal rate of the unmodified filler to ethylbenzene as a function of time; the tangle-solidup is a change curve of the removal rate of the bamboo charcoal filler to the ethylbenzene along with time; and the T is the change curve of the removal rate of the ceramsite filler to the ethylbenzene along with the time.
FIG. 8 is a graph of paraxylene removal over time for different fillers. Wherein ≧ is a time-dependent curve for removal rate of paraxylene from the biological filler (modified filler) of the present invention; ■ is the curve of the removal rate of the unmodified filler p-xylene along with the time; the tangle-solidup is a change curve of the removal rate of the bamboo charcoal filler p-xylene along with time; t is the change curve of the removal rate of ceramsite filler p-xylene with time; ● is the time variation curve of the intake air concentration.
Detailed Description
The following examples are further illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof.
Example 1
1. Preparation of biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas
The biological filler for adsorbing and degrading the hydrophobic organic waste gas comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 5% of modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin, 5% of diatomite, 15% of biochar (powder), 35% of ceramsite, 5% of calcium oxide, 20% of silicate inorganic gel (P.II 42.5R silicate cement) and 15% of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin into water, stirring until the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin is completely dissolved, then adding calcium oxide, and continuously stirring until the calcium oxide is completely dissolved to obtain sol A;
(2) uniformly mixing diatomite, biochar and silicate inorganic gel to obtain powder B;
(3) placing the ceramsite in the sol A, soaking for 5min, placing in a granulator, rotating at a constant speed, controlling the rotating speed at 25r/min, and controlling the angle of a turntable at 45 degrees; then uniformly scattering the powder B into a granulator for granulation at intervals of 2min for 8 times, pressurizing and uniformly spraying the sol A onto the ceramsite and the powder B by using a booster pump in the granulation process, and uniformly spraying the sprayed solThe quality of A needs to be controlled to be 15 percent of the total quality, and primary nourishing particles are obtained; and placing the primary-curing particles in a curing room for curing for 2 days at the curing temperature of 22 +/-2 ℃ and the curing humidity of 98 percent to obtain the biological filler for adsorbing and degrading the hydrophobic organic waste gas. Through detection, the particle size of the biological filler is 10-15 mm, and the bulk density is 410kg/m3The cylinder pressure strength is 1.3Mpa, and the water absorption rate is 17.2% in 1 h.
2. Preparation of unmodified biological Filler
The raw material composition of the unmodified biological filler is basically consistent with that of the biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas, and the difference is that the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin is replaced by the common beta-cyclodextrin, and the rest components are the same.
3. Detection of effect of biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas on treatment of volatile organic pollutant toluene
The biological filler (modified filler) prepared by the invention, the traditional fillers of bamboo charcoal, ceramsite and unmodified biological filler are respectively arranged in a biological filter reactor and used for treating volatile organic pollutants of toluene, the reactor is 390mm high, the inner diameter is 100mm, the height of the filler is 190mm, the effective volume of the filler is 1.2L, the pollutants are injected into an air pipe by a micro-injection pump and are blown off by an air pump. Air is generated by an air pump and contaminant concentration is achieved by adjusting the gas flow rate and the injection rate of the micro-syringe pump. The inlet gas concentration is 300-350 mg/m3The gas residence time was approximately 50 s. Observing the change condition of the pH values of the four groups of fillers along with the time in the film forming process, observing the four groups of fillers through a scanning electron microscope after the four groups of fillers are subjected to film forming for 30 days, and evaluating the change condition of the removal rates of the four groups of fillers on toluene along with the time, wherein the results are shown in figures 1-6. Wherein, FIG. 1 is a change curve of pH value of different fillers along with time in the process of film formation. FIGS. 2-5 are scanning electron micrographs of the biological filler, the unmodified filler, the bamboo charcoal filler and the ceramsite filler after 30 days of biofilm formation. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the toluene removal rate with time for different fillers.
As can be seen from figure 1, the pH value of the circulating spray liquid in the four fillers is continuously reduced along with the time, and compared with bamboo charcoal, ceramsite and unmodified biological fillers, the biological filler disclosed by the invention can realize the pH stability of a system in a longer time.
As can be seen from FIGS. 2 to 5, the biofilm carrier of the present invention has grown a significant number of contaminant-degrading bacteria compared to the unmodified biofilm carrier, bamboo charcoal and ceramsite, indicating that a better biofilm is formed on the surface of the biofilm carrier of the present invention, thereby showing that the biofilm carrier of the present invention is more beneficial to the growth and propagation of deodorizing microorganisms.
As can be seen from FIG. 6, when the start-up period of the biofilm formation by the four groups of fillers begins, the removal rate of toluene by the biological filler reaches 41%, the removal rate of unmodified filler is 37%, the removal rate of bamboo charcoal is 32%, and the removal rate of ceramsite is 26%, which indicates that the four groups of fillers have certain adsorbability to toluene, but the biological filler has stronger adsorbability to toluene. In the film formation starting period, the removal rate of the toluene of the four groups of fillers is reduced firstly and then increased, because the toluene which is adsorbed at the beginning is not decomposed in time, the adsorption capacity of the fillers is reduced, and the removal rate of the toluene of the four groups of fillers is reduced; with the growth of surface microorganisms, toluene molecules in the adsorption pore channels are degraded, so that the removal rate of toluene is continuously increased after the start-up period of biofilm formation.
The degradation rate of the four groups of biological fillers to toluene is continuously increased 10-45 days after the biofilm formation is started, and the degradation rate of the biological fillers to toluene is obviously higher than that of other three fillers all the time and reaches 82%. At 45-60 days after the biofilm formation is started, the removal rates of the unmodified filler, the bamboo charcoal and the ceramsite to toluene tend to be smooth and decline, the degradation rate of the unmodified filler to toluene is close to 70%, the degradation rate of the bamboo charcoal is close to 61%, the removal rate of the ceramsite is close to 52%, and the removal rate of the biological filler to toluene is maintained at about 84% in the later period. Therefore, the performance of the biological filler is obviously superior to that of unmodified biological fillers, bamboo charcoal and ceramsite.
Example 2
1. Preparation of biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas
The biological filler for adsorbing and degrading the hydrophobic organic waste gas comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 10% of modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin, 5% of diatomite, 20% of biochar (powder), 25% of ceramsite, 5% of calcium oxide, 20% of silicate inorganic gel (P.II 42.5R silicate cement) and 15% of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin into water, stirring until the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin is completely dissolved, then adding calcium oxide, and continuously stirring until the calcium oxide is completely dissolved to obtain sol A;
(2) uniformly mixing diatomite, biochar and silicate inorganic gel to obtain powder B;
(3) placing the ceramsite in the sol A, soaking for 5min, placing in a granulator, rotating at a constant speed, controlling the rotating speed at 20r/min, and controlling the angle of a turntable at 45 degrees; uniformly scattering the powder B into a granulator for granulation at intervals of 2min for 10 times, pressurizing the sol A by using a booster pump in the granulation process, and uniformly spraying the sol A onto the ceramsite and the powder B, wherein the mass of the sprayed sol A needs to be controlled to be 10% of the total mass, so as to obtain primary-culture granules; and placing the primary-curing particles in a curing room for curing for 3 days at the curing temperature of 22 +/-2 ℃ and the curing humidity of 98 percent to obtain the biological filler for adsorbing and degrading the hydrophobic organic waste gas. Through detection, the particle size of the biological filler is 12-18 mm, and the bulk density is 450kg/m3The cylinder pressure strength is 1.3Mpa, and the water absorption rate is 18.8% in 1 h.
2. Preparation of unmodified biological Filler
The raw material composition of the unmodified biological filler is basically consistent with that of the biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas, and the difference is that the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin is replaced by the common beta-cyclodextrin, and the rest components are the same.
3. Detection of effect of biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas on treatment of volatile organic pollutant ethylbenzene
The biological filler of the embodiment is tested for the removal effect on ethylbenzene according to the method of embodiment 1, and the inlet air concentration is 300-350 mg/m3The specific results are shown in FIG. 7. The result shows that the removal rate of the biological filler and the unmodified filler to the ethylbenzene is stably increased 10-20 days after the biofilm formation is started, and the removal rate is obviously superior to that of bamboo charcoal and ceramsite. The removal rate of the four fillers to ethylbenzene gradually tends to 20-40 daysThe biological filler is stable, and the removal rate of the biological filler to ethylbenzene is slightly better than that of the unmodified filler. At 40-60 days, the removal rate of the biological filler on ethylbenzene is maintained to be more than 80%, and the removal rate of unmodified filler on ethylbenzene is about 70%. Therefore, the performance of the biological filler is obviously superior to that of unmodified fillers, bamboo charcoal and ceramsite.
Example 3
1. Preparation of biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas
The biological filler for adsorbing and degrading the hydrophobic organic waste gas comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 17% of modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin, 5% of diatomite, 15% of biochar (powder), 20% of ceramsite, 3% of calcium oxide, 20% of silicate inorganic gel (P.II 42.5R silicate cement) and 20% of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin into water, stirring until the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin is completely dissolved, then adding calcium oxide, and continuously stirring until the calcium oxide is completely dissolved to obtain sol A;
(2) uniformly mixing diatomite, biochar and silicate inorganic gel to obtain powder B;
(3) placing the ceramsite in the sol A, soaking for 5min, placing in a granulator, rotating at a constant speed, controlling the rotating speed at 20r/min, and controlling the angle of a turntable at 45 degrees; uniformly scattering the powder B into a granulator for granulation at intervals of 2min for 10 times, pressurizing the sol A by using a booster pump in the granulation process, and uniformly spraying the sol A onto the ceramsite and the powder B, wherein the mass of the sprayed sol A needs to be controlled to be 5% of the total mass, so as to obtain primary-culture granules; and placing the primary-curing particles in a curing room for curing for 3 days at the curing temperature of 22 +/-2 ℃ and the curing humidity of 98 percent to obtain the biological filler for adsorbing and degrading the hydrophobic organic waste gas. Through detection, the particle size of the biological filler is 15-20 mm, and the bulk density is 480kg/m3The cylinder pressure strength is 1.2Mpa, and the water absorption rate is 19.6% in 1 h.
2. Preparation of unmodified biological Filler
The raw material composition of the unmodified biological filler is basically consistent with that of the biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas, and the difference is that the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin is replaced by the common beta-cyclodextrin, and the rest components are the same.
3. Detection of effect of biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas on treatment of volatile organic pollutant xylene
The biological filler of the embodiment is tested for the removal effect of the paraxylene according to the method of the embodiment 1, and the air inlet concentration is 300-350 mg/m3The specific results are shown in FIG. 8. The results show that the removal rate of the xylene of the four fillers is stable after being stably increased 10-50 days after the biofilm formation is started, and the removal rate of the xylene of the biological filler disclosed by the invention is obviously higher than that of unmodified fillers, bamboo charcoal and ceramsite. When the reaction had run to 51d, the xylene concentration suddenly fell from 312mg/m3Increased to 617mg/m3The degradation rates of the biological filler, the unmodified filler, the bamboo charcoal and the ceramsite to the dimethylbenzene are respectively reduced from 70%, 52%, 34% and 19% to 65%, 45%, 25% and 12%; at 51-69 days, the removal rate of the biological filler of the invention for p-xylene begins to recover and rise, and is maintained at about 69%, and the degradation rate of the unmodified filler, bamboo charcoal and ceramsite for p-xylene recovers to 49%, 29% and 19%, thereby showing that the biological filler of the invention has stronger load and impact resistance and is obviously superior to the unmodified filler, bamboo charcoal and ceramsite.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and adaptations should be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 5-20% of modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin, 5-8% of diatomite, 15-20% of biochar, 20-35% of ceramsite, 2-5% of calcium oxide, 20-30% of silicate inorganic gel and 15-20% of water;
the preparation of the biological filler comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin into water, stirring until the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin is completely dissolved, then adding calcium oxide, and continuously stirring until the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin is completely dissolved to obtain sol A;
(2) uniformly mixing diatomite, biochar and silicate inorganic gel to obtain powder B;
(3) placing the ceramsite into the sol A for soaking for 5min, placing the ceramsite into a granulator, keeping constant-speed rotation, then uniformly scattering powder B into the granulator for granulation for multiple times, pressurizing the sol A by using a booster pump in the granulation process, uniformly spraying the sol A onto the ceramsite and the powder B to obtain primary-cultured particles, and maintaining to obtain the biological filler for adsorbing and degrading the hydrophobic organic waste gas.
2. The biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin is a composite material formed by coating iron oxyhydroxide and metal ions or metals with cyclodextrin, wherein the ratio of cyclodextrin: metal ion or metal: the mass ratio of the iron oxyhydroxide is 5-30: 0.1-10: 100; the metal ions are transition metal ions, and the metal is a noble metal.
3. The biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the uniform rotation in the step (3) is controlled to be 20-25 r/min, and the angle of the rotary table is controlled to be 45 °.
4. The biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas according to claim 1, wherein the step (3) of uniformly scattering powder B into a granulator for granulation in multiple times specifically comprises the following steps: and uniformly scattering the powder B into a granulator for granulation at intervals of 2min for 8-10 times.
5. The biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas according to claim 1, wherein the mass of the sol A sprayed in the step (3) in the whole granulation process is controlled to be 5-15% of the total mass.
6. The biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas according to claim 1, wherein the primary particles are cured in a curing room for 2-3 days at a curing temperature of 22 +/-2 ℃ and a curing humidity of 98%.
7. A method for preparing the biological filler for adsorbing and degrading hydrophobic organic waste gas according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) adding the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin into water, stirring until the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin is completely dissolved, then adding calcium oxide, and continuously stirring until the modified iron-based beta-cyclodextrin is completely dissolved to obtain sol A;
(2) uniformly mixing diatomite, biochar and silicate inorganic gel to obtain powder B;
(3) placing the ceramsite into the sol A for soaking for 5min, placing the ceramsite into a granulator, keeping constant-speed rotation, then uniformly scattering powder B into the granulator for granulation for multiple times, pressurizing the sol A by using a booster pump in the granulation process, uniformly spraying the sol A onto the ceramsite and the powder B to obtain primary-cultured particles, and maintaining to obtain the biological filler for adsorbing and degrading the hydrophobic organic waste gas.
8. The preparation method of the biological filler for adsorbing and degrading the hydrophobic organic waste gas according to claim 7, wherein the rotation speed of the uniform rotation in the step (3) is controlled to be 20-25 r/min, and the angle of the rotary table is controlled to be 45 degrees; the step of uniformly scattering the powder B into a granulator for granulation for multiple times specifically comprises the following steps: uniformly scattering the powder B into a granulator for granulation at intervals of 2min for 8-10 times; the mass of the sol A sprayed in the step (3) in the whole granulation process needs to be controlled to be 5-15% of the total mass.
9. The method for preparing the biological filler for adsorbing and degrading the hydrophobic organic waste gas as claimed in claim 7, wherein the primary particles are cured in a curing room for 2-3 days at a curing temperature of 22 ± 2 ℃ and a curing humidity of 98%.
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