CN117572559B - Preparation device and preparation method of short fiber grating - Google Patents
Preparation device and preparation method of short fiber grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN117572559B CN117572559B CN202410014876.5A CN202410014876A CN117572559B CN 117572559 B CN117572559 B CN 117572559B CN 202410014876 A CN202410014876 A CN 202410014876A CN 117572559 B CN117572559 B CN 117572559B
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005459 micromachining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
- G02B6/02123—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating
- G02B6/02152—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating involving moving the fibre or a manufacturing element, stretching of the fibre
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
- G02B6/02123—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation device and a preparation method of a short fiber grating, wherein the device comprises an optical fiber, a three-dimensional precise displacement table, a femtosecond laser light source, a reflecting mirror, a laser energy regulator, an optical shutter, a dichroic mirror, a focusing objective lens, a CCD camera and a spectrum monitoring system; the reflector makes the femtosecond laser beam enter along the central axial direction of the focusing objective lens; a laser energy adjuster adjusts laser energy of the transmitted femtosecond laser beam; the optical shutter controls the on-off of the femtosecond laser beam; the dichroic mirror reflects the femtosecond laser beam into the focusing objective lens; focusing the femtosecond laser beam on the fiber core of the optical fiber by the focusing objective lens to write the fiber grating; the CCD camera monitors the space position of the optical fiber and the shape of the inscribed optical fiber grating; the spectrum monitoring system monitors the reflection spectrum, the transmission spectrum and the performance index of the carved fiber grating. The invention can shorten the length of the grating and simultaneously maintain higher reflectivity, and ensure that the grating is not interfered by the change of the refractive index of the external environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fibers, and particularly relates to a preparation device and a preparation method of a short fiber bragg grating.
Background
The fiber bragg grating has the advantages of strong multiplexing capability, small size, high sensitivity, high response speed and the like. The fiber bragg grating prepared by the femtosecond laser has wide application in the field of parameter measurement in high-temperature environments such as aerospace, nuclear power, metallurgy and the like. The fiber grating is prepared by utilizing the femtosecond laser point-by-point method technology, a phase mask plate is not needed, a photosensitive fiber is not needed, and the fiber grating has high flexibility and is a common method for preparing the fiber grating.
When one point needs to be monitored, the short grating is less influenced by the surrounding environment, and the measurement accuracy is higher; in some narrow spaces, short gratings must also be used because of space size requirements. The method is characterized in that a femtosecond laser is utilized to prepare the fiber grating point by point, a high numerical aperture focusing objective lens is needed to focus the femtosecond laser on the fiber core, so that the laser energy density of the focus exceeds the damage threshold of the fiber core material, and micro explosion is performed on the fiber core to induce and form II-type refractive index modulation to form grating stripes. In the classical point-by-point method technology, since the refractive index difference between the grating fringes and the non-grating fringes is small, in order to obtain a sufficient reflectivity, the grating length must be increased, so that the length of the fiber grating prepared at present needs to be more than 2mm.
To obtain a short grating, the following non-patent document 1 prepares a novel micro-hole array FBG sensor using a phase mask technique and a corrosion technique. The following non-patent document 2 utilizes femtosecond laser micromachining in combination with selective chemical etching to fabricate a section of micro-channel which just penetrates through the middle part of the grating on the chirped FBG, so that a significant reflection peak appears in the transmission spectrum of the chirped FBG. However, these techniques often require penetrating damage to the optical fiber, which makes the optical fiber grating susceptible to disturbance caused by factors such as refractive index changes in the external environment, and has poor stability.
Non-patent literature 1：Rui Yang, Yong-Sen Yu, Chao Chen, Qi-Dai Chen, and Hong-Bo Sun, "Rapid fabrication of microhole array structured optical fibers," in Optics Letters, Vol. 36, No. 19, pp. 3879-3881, October 1, 2011.
Non-patent literature 2: Hongyan Fu, Kaiming Zhou, Pouneh Saffari, Chengbo Mou, Lin Zhang, Sailing He, and Ian Bennion, "Microchanneled Chirped Fiber Bragg Grating Formed by Femtosecond Laser-Aided Chemical Etching for Refractive Index and Temperature Measurements, " in IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, VOL. 20, NO. 19, pp. 1609-1611, October 1, 2008.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation device and a preparation method of a short fiber grating, which can shorten the length of the grating and simultaneously maintain higher reflectivity; the optical fiber is free from penetrating damage, and the grating is free from the interference of the change of the refractive index of the external environment.
One aspect of the invention provides a short fiber grating preparation device, comprising an optical fiber, a three-dimensional precision displacement table, a femtosecond laser light source, a reflecting mirror, a laser energy regulator, an optical shutter, a dichroic mirror, a focusing objective lens, a CCD camera and a spectrum monitoring system;
The three-dimensional precise displacement table is used for fixing the optical fiber and can drive the optical fiber to move so as to adjust the space position of the optical fiber;
the femtosecond laser light source is used for emitting a femtosecond laser beam, and the femtosecond laser beam sequentially passes through the reflector, the laser energy regulator, the optical shutter and the dichroic mirror, is focused on the fiber core of the optical fiber by the focusing objective lens and is used for inscribing the fiber grating;
the reflecting mirror is used for adjusting the direction of the femtosecond laser beam so that the femtosecond laser beam is axially incident along the center of the focusing objective lens;
the laser energy regulator is used for monitoring the laser power of the femtosecond laser light source in real time and regulating the laser energy of the transmitted femtosecond laser beam;
the optical shutter is used for controlling the on-off of the femtosecond laser beam;
The dichroic mirror is used for reflecting the femtosecond laser beam into the focusing objective lens and transmitting the optical fiber image amplified in the focusing objective lens into the CCD camera;
The focusing objective lens is used for focusing the femtosecond laser beam on the fiber core of the optical fiber to write a fiber grating and form an amplified fiber image;
The CCD camera is used for collecting the optical fiber image amplified by the focusing objective lens through the dichroic mirror and monitoring the space position of the optical fiber and the shape of the inscribed optical fiber grating;
the spectrum monitoring system is used for monitoring the reflection spectrum, the transmission spectrum and the performance index of the inscribed fiber grating.
Preferably, the spectrum monitoring system comprises a broadband light source, a coupler and a spectrometer, wherein the broadband light source is connected with the optical fiber through the coupler, and light emitted by the broadband light source enters the optical fiber through the coupler and is received by the spectrometer, so as to monitor the reflection spectrum, the transmission spectrum and the performance index of the fiber grating.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a short fiber grating, using the apparatus for preparing a short fiber grating, the method comprising:
adjusting step S1: applying a certain pretightening force to the optical fiber, fixing the optical fiber on the three-dimensional precise displacement platform, and adjusting the three-dimensional precise displacement platform to drive the optical fiber to move in the length of the to-be-inscribed grating, and observing the optical fiber through the dichroic mirror by utilizing the CCD camera to ensure that the focus of the focusing objective lens is always positioned in the center of the fiber core of the optical fiber;
Pre-modulation step S2: the femtosecond laser light source is turned on, the optical shutter is turned on, small femtosecond laser energy is used, the focused femtosecond laser is induced to generate I-type refractive index modulation in the fiber core of the optical fiber, the three-dimensional precision displacement platform moves slowly along the axial direction of the optical fiber at a uniform speed, after the length of a to-be-inscribed grating is reached, the optical shutter is turned off, and meanwhile, the three-dimensional precision displacement platform stops moving;
resetting step S3: resetting the three-dimensional precision displacement platform to an initial position;
and (S4) inscribing: opening the optical shutter, using larger femtosecond laser energy to enable focused femtosecond laser to induce II-type refractive index modulation in the fiber core of the optical fiber, enabling the three-dimensional precision displacement platform to slowly move along the axial direction of the optical fiber at a uniform speed, closing the optical shutter after reaching the length of a grating to be inscribed, and simultaneously enabling the three-dimensional precision displacement platform to stop moving;
Monitoring step S5: and monitoring the reflection spectrum, the transmission spectrum and the performance index of the carved fiber bragg grating by the spectrum monitoring system.
Preferably, in the pre-modulation step S2, the moving speed of the three-dimensional precision displacement platformBeam waist radius of focused spot/>Femtosecond laser repetition frequency/>, of the femtosecond laser light sourceThe method meets the following conditions:
Where n is the overlap ratio of two adjacent type I index modulation regions, 。
Preferably, the overlapping proportion n of two adjacent I-type refractive index modulation regions is 0.2, and the beam waist radius of the focusing light spot1 Μm, laser repetition rate/>1000Hz, the moving speed/>, of the three-dimensional precision displacement platformIs 0.2mm/s.
Preferably, in the pre-modulation step S2, the single pulse energy of the femtosecond laser is 50nJ, and the grating length is 1mm.
Preferably, in the writing step S4, the period of the written fiber gratingMoving speed/>, of the three-dimensional precision displacement platformFemtosecond laser repetition frequency/>, of the femtosecond laser light sourceThe following are satisfied:
。
Preferably, the length of the grating is 1mm, and the period of the fiber grating Is 1.05 mu m, and the moving speed/>, of the three-dimensional precision displacement platform1.05Mm/s, the femtosecond laser repetition frequency/>, of the femtosecond laser light source1000Hz.
Preferably, the single pulse energy of the femtosecond laser is 190nJ.
According to the preparation device and the preparation method of the short fiber grating, the length of the grating can be shortened, and meanwhile, the high reflectivity can be maintained; the optical fiber is free from penetrating damage, and the grating is free from the interference of the change of the refractive index of the external environment.
Drawings
For a clearer description of the technical solutions of the present invention, the following description will be given with reference to the attached drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it being obvious that the attached drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other attached drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without the need of inventive effort:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for preparing a short fiber grating according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of fabricating a short fiber grating in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a short fiber grating preparation device, and fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the short fiber grating preparation device according to one embodiment of the invention. As shown in figure 1 of the drawings, the short fiber grating manufacturing apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention includes an optical fiber 1, a three-dimensional precision displacement stage 2, a femtosecond laser light source 3, a reflecting mirror 4, a laser energy adjuster 5, an optical shutter 6, a dichroic mirror 7, a focusing objective 8, a CCD (charge coupled device ) camera 9 and a spectrum monitoring system 10.
The optical fiber 1 has a core, a cladding and a light-transmissive coating layer. The three-dimensional precision displacement table 2 is used for fixing the optical fiber 1 and can drive the optical fiber 1 to move so as to adjust the spatial position of the optical fiber 1. The femtosecond laser light source 3 is used for emitting a femtosecond laser beam, and the femtosecond laser beam sequentially passes through the reflector 4, the laser energy regulator 5, the optical shutter 6 and the dichroic mirror 7, and is focused on the fiber core of the optical fiber 1 by the focusing objective lens 8 for inscribing the fiber grating. The mirror 4 is used to adjust the direction of the femtosecond laser beam so that the femtosecond laser beam is incident along the center axis of the focusing objective lens 8. The laser energy adjuster 5 is used for monitoring the laser power of the femtosecond laser light source 3 in real time and adjusting the laser energy of the transmitted femtosecond laser beam. The optical shutter 6 is used for controlling the on-off of the femtosecond laser beam.
The dichroic mirror 7 is used to reflect the femtosecond laser beam into the focusing objective lens 8, and to transmit the fiber image amplified in the focusing objective lens 8 into the CCD camera 9. The focusing objective lens 8 is used to focus the femtosecond laser beam on the core of the optical fiber 1 to write a fiber grating, and to form an amplified fiber image. The CCD camera 9 is used for collecting the optical fiber image amplified by the focusing objective lens 8 through the dichroic mirror 7 and is used for monitoring the spatial position of the optical fiber and the shape of the inscribed optical fiber grating. The spectrum monitoring system 10 is used to monitor the reflection spectrum, transmission spectrum and performance index of the written fiber bragg grating.
The spectrum monitoring system 10 comprises a broadband light source, a coupler and a spectrometer, wherein the broadband light source is connected with the optical fiber through the coupler, and light emitted by the broadband light source enters the optical fiber through the coupler and is received by the spectrometer for monitoring the reflection spectrum, the transmission spectrum and the performance index of the fiber grating.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the short fiber grating, which utilizes the preparation device of the short fiber grating to prepare the short fiber grating. Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for preparing a short fiber grating according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the method for preparing a short fiber grating according to an embodiment of the present invention includes steps S1 to S5.
In the adjustment step S1, a certain pretightening force is applied to the optical fiber 1, the optical fiber 1 is fixed on the three-dimensional precision displacement platform 2, the three-dimensional precision displacement platform 2 is adjusted to drive the optical fiber 1 to move in the length of the to-be-inscribed grating, and the CCD camera 9 is used for observing through the dichroic mirror 7, so that the focus of the focusing objective 8 is always positioned in the center of the fiber core of the optical fiber 1;
In the pre-modulation step S2, the femtosecond laser light source 1 is turned on, the optical shutter 6 is turned on, and the focused femtosecond laser is induced to generate type I refractive index modulation at the core of the optical fiber 1 using a smaller femtosecond laser energy. The three-dimensional precision displacement platform 2 is enabled to slowly move along the axial direction of the optical fiber 1 at a uniform speed, after the length of the optical grating to be inscribed is reached, the optical shutter 6 is closed, and meanwhile, the three-dimensional precision displacement platform 2 is enabled to stop moving. In one embodiment, the single pulse energy of the femtosecond laser is 50nJ, and the grating length is 1mm.
In order to ensure that the I-type refractive index modulation area uniformly covers the whole grating length, the moving speed of the three-dimensional precision displacement platform 2Beam waist radius of focused spot/>And the femtosecond laser repetition frequency/>, of the femtosecond laser light source 3The requirements are as follows:
，
Where n is the overlap ratio of two adjacent type I index modulation regions, The smaller n is, the higher the overlapping proportion is, the more uniform the I-type refractive index modulation is in the grating length, and the more favorable the quality of the grating is. In one embodiment, the overlapping proportion n of two adjacent I-type refractive index modulation regions is set to be 0.2, and the beam waist radius/>, of the focusing light spot1 Μm, laser repetition rate/>1000Hz, the moving speed/>, of the three-dimensional precision displacement platform 2Is 0.2mm/s.
In the resetting step S3, the three-dimensional precision displacement stage 2 is reset to the initial position.
In the inscription step S4, the optical shutter 6 is opened, and the focused femtosecond laser is induced to generate type II refractive index modulation at the core of the optical fiber 1 using a large femtosecond laser energy. In one embodiment, the single pulse energy of the femtosecond laser is 190nJ. The three-dimensional precision displacement platform 2 is enabled to slowly move along the axial direction of the optical fiber 1 at a uniform speed, after the length of the optical grating to be inscribed is reached, the optical shutter 6 is closed, and meanwhile, the three-dimensional precision displacement platform 2 is enabled to stop moving. Period of inscribed fiber gratingThe moving speed of the three-dimensional precision displacement platform 2 along the axial direction of the optical fiber 1/>Femtosecond laser repetition frequency/>, of the femtosecond laser light source 3The following are satisfied:。
In one embodiment, the length of the grating is 1mm, and the period of the fiber grating The moving speed of the three-dimensional precision displacement platform 2 along the axial direction of the optical fiber is 1.05 mu m/>Femtosecond laser repetition frequency/>, of 1.05mm/s for the femtosecond laser light source 31000Hz.
In the monitoring step S5, the reflection spectrum, transmission spectrum and performance index of the written fiber grating are monitored by the spectrum monitoring system 10.
In summary, the preparation method of the short fiber grating according to the embodiment of the invention aims at the problems that the refractive index difference between the grating fringes and the non-grating fringes is small and the grating length cannot be shortened in the existing femtosecond laser point-by-point method, and utilizes the characteristic that the type II refractive index modulation is negative to generate positive type I refractive index modulation in the fiber core through pre-exposure, thereby improving the refractive index difference between the grating fringes and the non-grating fringes, and being capable of generating the following beneficial effects: the grating length can be shortened, and meanwhile, the higher reflectivity can be maintained; the optical fiber is free from penetrating damage, and the grating is free from the interference of the change of the refractive index of the external environment.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that modifications may be made to the described embodiments in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive of the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the short fiber grating is characterized in that a short fiber grating preparation device is utilized to prepare the short fiber grating, and the short fiber grating preparation device comprises an optical fiber, a three-dimensional precise displacement platform, a femtosecond laser source, a reflecting mirror, a laser energy regulator, an optical shutter, a dichroic mirror, a focusing objective lens, a CCD camera and a spectrum monitoring system;
The three-dimensional precision displacement platform is used for fixing the optical fiber and can drive the optical fiber to move so as to adjust the spatial position of the optical fiber;
the femtosecond laser light source is used for emitting a femtosecond laser beam, and the femtosecond laser beam sequentially passes through the reflector, the laser energy regulator, the optical shutter and the dichroic mirror, is focused on the fiber core of the optical fiber by the focusing objective lens and is used for inscribing the fiber grating;
the reflecting mirror is used for adjusting the direction of the femtosecond laser beam so that the femtosecond laser beam is axially incident along the center of the focusing objective lens;
the laser energy regulator is used for monitoring the laser power of the femtosecond laser light source in real time and regulating the laser energy of the transmitted femtosecond laser beam;
the optical shutter is used for controlling the on-off of the femtosecond laser beam;
The dichroic mirror is used for reflecting the femtosecond laser beam into the focusing objective lens and transmitting the optical fiber image amplified in the focusing objective lens into the CCD camera;
The focusing objective lens is used for focusing the femtosecond laser beam on the fiber core of the optical fiber to write a fiber grating and form an amplified fiber image;
The CCD camera is used for collecting the optical fiber image amplified by the focusing objective lens through the dichroic mirror and monitoring the space position of the optical fiber and the shape of the inscribed optical fiber grating;
The spectrum monitoring system is used for monitoring the reflection spectrum, the transmission spectrum and the performance index of the inscribed fiber grating,
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
adjusting step S1: applying a certain pretightening force to the optical fiber, fixing the optical fiber on the three-dimensional precise displacement platform, and adjusting the three-dimensional precise displacement platform to drive the optical fiber to move in the length of the to-be-inscribed grating, and observing the optical fiber through the dichroic mirror by utilizing the CCD camera to ensure that the focus of the focusing objective lens is always positioned in the center of the fiber core of the optical fiber;
Pre-modulation step S2: the femtosecond laser light source is turned on, the optical shutter is turned on, small femtosecond laser energy is used, the focused femtosecond laser is induced to generate I-type refractive index modulation in the fiber core of the optical fiber, the three-dimensional precision displacement platform moves slowly along the axial direction of the optical fiber at a uniform speed, after the length of a to-be-inscribed grating is reached, the optical shutter is turned off, and meanwhile, the three-dimensional precision displacement platform stops moving;
resetting step S3: resetting the three-dimensional precision displacement platform to an initial position;
and (S4) inscribing: opening the optical shutter, using larger femtosecond laser energy to enable focused femtosecond laser to induce II-type refractive index modulation in the fiber core of the optical fiber, enabling the three-dimensional precision displacement platform to slowly move along the axial direction of the optical fiber at a uniform speed, closing the optical shutter after reaching the length of a grating to be inscribed, and simultaneously enabling the three-dimensional precision displacement platform to stop moving;
Monitoring step S5: the spectrum monitoring system monitors the reflection spectrum, the transmission spectrum and the performance index of the carved fiber grating,
In the pre-modulation step S2, the moving speed v 1 of the three-dimensional precision displacement platform, the beam waist radius ω 0 of the focusing light spot, and the femtosecond laser repetition frequency f of the femtosecond laser source satisfy:
wherein n is the overlapping proportion of two adjacent I-type refractive index modulation regions, 0<n is less than or equal to 1,
In the writing step S4, the period Λ of the written fiber bragg grating, the moving speed v 2 of the three-dimensional precision displacement platform, and the femtosecond laser repetition frequency f of the femtosecond laser source satisfy:
2. The method for preparing a short fiber grating according to claim 1, wherein the overlapping ratio n of two adjacent I-type refractive index modulation regions is 0.2, the beam waist radius ω 0 of the focused light spot is 1 μm, the laser repetition frequency f is 1000Hz, and the moving speed v 1 of the three-dimensional precision displacement platform is 0.2mm/s.
3. The method of manufacturing a short fiber grating according to claim 1, wherein in the pre-modulation step S2, the single pulse energy of the femtosecond laser is 50nJ.
4. The method for preparing a short fiber grating according to claim 1, wherein the length of the grating is 1mm, the period Λ of the fiber grating is 1.05 μm, the moving speed v 2 of the three-dimensional precision displacement platform is 1.05mm/s, and the femtosecond laser repetition frequency f of the femtosecond laser source is 1000Hz.
5. The method of manufacturing a short fiber grating according to claim 1, wherein in the writing step S4, the single pulse energy of the femtosecond laser is 190nJ.
6. The method for preparing a short fiber grating according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the spectrum monitoring system comprises a broadband light source, a coupler and a spectrometer, the broadband light source is connected with the optical fiber through the coupler, and light emitted by the broadband light source enters the optical fiber through the coupler and is received by the spectrometer, so as to monitor the reflection spectrum, the transmission spectrum and the performance index of the fiber grating.
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