CN117571356A - Multifunctional Stirling generator heat exchanger test system - Google Patents
Multifunctional Stirling generator heat exchanger test system Download PDFInfo
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- CN117571356A CN117571356A CN202410050795.0A CN202410050795A CN117571356A CN 117571356 A CN117571356 A CN 117571356A CN 202410050795 A CN202410050795 A CN 202410050795A CN 117571356 A CN117571356 A CN 117571356A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/002—Thermal testing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat exchanger test system of a multifunctional Stirling generator, which comprises: the helium pressure regulating and supplementing device is used for providing high-purity helium with required pressure for the heat exchanger testing device and the oscillating flow generating device; an oscillating flow generating device for generating an oscillating flow of helium gas with a direction reciprocally changed; the heat exchanger testing device is used for simulating the working environments of the heater, the heat exchanger and the cooler in the heat exchanger; the damping and flow control device is used for simultaneously controlling the flow of gas flowing through the heat exchanger and the air pressure of a cavity where the heat exchanger is positioned in a unidirectional flow test; and the data acquisition device is used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of the gas passing through the heat exchanger. The problem of the inaccurate test result of current Stirling generator heat exchanger test system is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat exchanger performance test, and relates to a heat exchanger test system of a multifunctional Stirling generator.
Background
The Stirling generator is a closed-cycle external combustion generator and mainly comprises a heat exchange system, a resonance system and a power generation system. The Stirling generator forms larger temperature difference at two ends of the working cavity through the heat exchange system, and the air distribution piston reciprocates in the working cavity, so that the high-pressure working medium is circularly cooled and heated at two cold and hot ends to form pressure waves, and the pressure waves act on the power piston to drive the power generation system to generate power. The Stirling generator completes one Stirling cycle through four processes of isothermal compression, constant volume heating, isothermal expansion and constant volume cooling.
The heater, the regenerator and the cooler are the critical components in the heat exchange system of the Stirling generator. The heater absorbs an external heat source and transmits heat to the gas working medium in a convection mode, and the expansion cavity is maintained at a higher temperature; the cooler guides the compression heat to the outside, and maintains the compression cavity at a lower temperature; the heat regenerator has the energy storage effect, is connected in series between heater and cooler, and when gaseous working medium flows from the expansion chamber to the compression chamber, the heat regenerator absorbs heat and makes gas temperature reduce, and when gaseous working medium flows from the compression chamber to the expansion chamber, the heat regenerator releases heat and makes gas temperature rise, and the heat regenerator can greatly improve Stirling generator's efficiency.
The Stirling generator heat exchanger test system is a basis for testing and analyzing the performance of the heat exchanger and performing optimization iteration of the heat exchanger. The test system can simulate the operation condition of the Stirling generator and provide heating and cooling conditions and oscillatory flow gas; the method can measure and analyze state parameters such as gas temperature, pressure and the like, and can measure data which are difficult to measure in the whole machine, such as flow, temperature of a heat regenerator matrix and the like; the heat exchanger performance influence factors can be subjected to targeted and gradient experiments and analysis; and the heat exchanger adopts a modularized structure, is compatible with the tests of heat exchangers with different structures, and is convenient for the optimal design of the heat exchanger.
The existing heat exchanger test system mainly comprises main parts such as oscillation flow generation, a test cavity, data acquisition and the like. The oscillating flow generating part generally adopts a modified air compressor, and a rotary motor is used for driving a crank connecting rod to drive a piston to reciprocate, so that the piston pushes working medium gas to generate oscillating flow. Working medium gas and atmosphere are arranged at two sides of a piston of the air compressor, the crank connecting rod is difficult to bear the pressure generated by the pressure difference at two sides, and the internal air pressure is greatly limited; moreover, the piston of the air compressor is sealed by adopting a piston ring, and the piston rapidly moves to cause the temperature of the piston ring to be too high, so that the sealing performance is reduced to cause air leakage. Therefore, the mode of modifying the air compressor is difficult to generate high-pressure high-frequency oscillating flow. The test cavity part is generally in a ring type structure, the gas distribution piston reciprocates in the center of the cavity, and the gas working medium moves from the center of the cavity to the periphery heat exchangers. The type of the ring type test cavity test heat exchanger is single, only the ring type fin type heat exchanger can be tested, and the heat exchanger structures such as a test tube shell type heat exchanger and a cylinder type heat exchanger cannot be tested. In the traditional single-phase flow test platform, the gas working medium is directly connected with the atmosphere after passing through the heat exchanger, so that the air pressure of the heat exchanger is lower, which is contrary to the high-pressure environment in the Stirling generator, and the test result is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a multifunctional Stirling generator heat exchanger test system, which solves the problem that the test result of the existing Stirling generator heat exchanger test system is inaccurate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the multifunctional Stirling generator heat exchanger test system comprises:
the helium pressure regulating and supplementing device is used for providing high-purity helium with required pressure for the heat exchanger testing device and the oscillating flow generating device;
an oscillating flow generating device for generating an oscillating flow of helium gas with a direction reciprocally changed;
the heat exchanger testing device is used for simulating the working environments of the heater, the heat exchanger and the cooler in the heat exchanger;
the damping and flow control device is used for simultaneously controlling the flow of gas flowing through the heat exchanger and the air pressure of a cavity where the heat exchanger is positioned in a unidirectional flow test;
and the data acquisition device is used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of the gas passing through the heat exchanger.
Further, the helium pressure regulating and supplementing device comprises a high-purity helium bottle, and a helium pressure regulating controller is arranged between the high-purity helium bottle and a third gas path interface; the helium pressure regulating and supplementing device is connected with a pipeline of the oscillating flow generating device through a first gas path interface or a second gas path interface of the damping and flow control device, and the heat exchanger testing device is arranged in the pipeline of the oscillating flow generating device.
Further, the oscillating flow generating device comprises a first air distribution piston motor rotor, the first air distribution piston motor rotor is positioned at the inner side of a first air distribution piston motor stator, the lower end of the first air distribution piston is fixedly connected with the first air distribution piston motor rotor, and the first air distribution piston motor stator, the first air distribution piston motor rotor and the first air distribution piston are all positioned in a first cylinder; the second air distribution piston motor rotor is positioned at the inner side of the second air distribution piston motor stator, the lower end of the second air distribution piston is fixedly connected with the second air distribution piston motor rotor, and the second air distribution piston motor stator, the second air distribution piston motor rotor and the second air distribution piston are positioned in a second cylinder; the motor controller is respectively connected with the first valve piston motor stator and the second valve piston motor stator through a circuit; the first cylinder is connected with the second cylinder through a pipeline, and a heat exchanger testing device is arranged in the pipeline.
Further, the heat exchanger testing device comprises a heater testing cavity, and the heater testing cavity, the heat regenerator testing cavity and the cooler testing cavity are sequentially connected.
Further, an annular fin heater or a tubular heater is arranged in the heater test cavity; an annular heat regenerator or a cylindrical heat regenerator is arranged in the heat regenerator test cavity; an annular fin type cooler or a tubular cooler is arranged in the cooler test cavity.
Further, the heat exchanger testing device and the pipeline of the oscillating flow generating device are connected through flanges, and a metal winding gasket is used as a heat insulation and sealing component.
Further, the damping and flow control device comprises a first adjustable air pipe and a second adjustable air pipe, the first adjustable air pipe and the second adjustable air pipe are respectively connected to two ends of a pipeline of the oscillating flow generating device, and a first air pipe interface and a first electromagnetic valve are arranged on the first adjustable air pipe; a second air passage interface and a second electromagnetic valve are arranged on the second adjustable air pipe; one end of the first air pressure sensor is connected with a pipeline of the oscillating flow generating device, and the other end of the first air pressure sensor is connected with the damping and flow controller through a circuit; one end of the flow sensor is connected with a pipeline of the oscillating flow generating device, and the other end of the flow sensor is connected with the damping and flow controller through a circuit; the damping and flow controller is also respectively connected with the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve through circuits.
Further, the data acquisition device comprises a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor, and the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are respectively connected to two sides of the heater testing cavity; the second air pressure sensor is connected into a pipeline between a heater test cavity and a heat regenerator test cavity of the oscillating flow generating device; the third temperature sensor and the fourth temperature sensor are respectively connected to two sides of the testing cavity of the heat regenerator; the third air pressure sensor is connected into a pipeline between a heat regenerator test cavity and a cooler test cavity of the oscillating flow generating device; the fifth temperature sensor and the sixth temperature sensor are respectively connected to two sides of the cooler test cavity; the data acquisition instrument is respectively connected with the first temperature sensor, the second air pressure sensor, the third temperature sensor, the fourth temperature sensor, the third air pressure sensor, the fifth temperature sensor and the sixth temperature sensor through circuits.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the multifunctional Stirling generator heat exchanger test system provided by the invention can simulate the high-pressure, high-frequency and high-temperature difference running environment of the Stirling generator heat exchanger, can be used for compatibly testing heat exchangers with various structural types, comprises shell-and-tube type, cylindrical type, annular fin type and the like, and has the dual test function of unidirectional flow and oscillating flow of the heat exchanger.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a heat exchanger test system for a multifunctional Stirling generator in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the various parts of a heat exchanger test chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, (a) is a structural schematic diagram of a testing cavity of the annular heater, (b) is a structural schematic diagram of a testing cavity of the annular heat regenerator, (c) is a structural schematic diagram of a testing cavity of the annular cooler, (d) is a structural schematic diagram of a tubular heater test cavity, (e) is a structural schematic diagram of a cylindrical heat regenerator test cavity, and (f) is a structural schematic diagram of a tubular cooler test cavity.
In the figure, 1, a first valve piston motor stator, 2, a first valve piston motor rotor, 3, a first valve piston, 4, a second valve piston motor stator, 5, a second valve piston motor rotor, 6, a second valve piston, 7, a first air path interface, 8, a first solenoid valve, 9, a first adjustable air pipe, 10, a heater test cavity, 10-1, an electric heating rod, 10-2, an annular fin heater, 10-3, a heater insulation packing, 10-4, a tube heater, 10-5, a molten salt heating medium, 11, a regenerator test cavity, 11-1, an annular regenerator, 11-2, a regenerator insulation packing, 11-3, a cylindrical regenerator, 12, a cooler test cavity, 12-1, a water cooling medium, 12-2, annular fin-type coolers, 12-3, cooler adiabatic packing, 12-4, water-cooled outer fins, 12-5, tube-type coolers, 13, second gas circuit interface, 14, second solenoid valve, 15, second adjustable gas tube, 16, third gas circuit interface, 17, first air pressure sensor, 18, first temperature sensor, 19, second temperature sensor, 20, second air pressure sensor, 21, third temperature sensor, 22, fourth temperature sensor, 23, third air pressure sensor, 24, fifth temperature sensor, 25, sixth temperature sensor, 26, flow sensor, 27, motor controller, 28, high purity helium bottle, 29, helium pressure regulator, 30, data acquisition instrument, 31. damping and flow controllers.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a multifunctional Stirling generator heat exchanger test system, which mainly comprises: the device comprises a helium pressure regulating and supplementing device, an oscillation flow generating device, a heat exchanger testing device, a damping and flow control device and a data acquisition device, wherein the helium pressure regulating and supplementing device is used for providing high-purity helium with required pressure for the heat exchanger testing device and the oscillation flow generating device, the oscillation flow generating device is used for generating helium oscillation flow with direction changing in a reciprocating mode, the heat exchanger testing device is used for simulating working environments of a heater, a heat exchanger and a cooler in the heat exchanger, the damping and flow control device is used for simultaneously controlling gas flow flowing through the heat exchanger and cavity air pressure where the heat exchanger is located in unidirectional flow testing, and the data acquisition device is used for measuring temperature and pressure of gas passing through the heat exchanger. See fig. 1 for a specific structure, specifically as follows:
the helium pressure regulating and supplementing device mainly comprises a high-purity helium bottle 28, a helium pressure regulating controller 29, a third gas path interface 16 and other components, wherein the helium pressure regulating controller 29 is arranged between the high-purity helium bottle 28 and the third gas path interface 16; the high-purity helium bottle is filled with high-pressure helium with the purity of 99.999%; the helium pressure regulating controller 29 is responsible for regulating the high pressure helium in the helium bottle to the pressure required for the experiment; the third gas path interface 16 delivers helium gas access to the interface required for the experiment.
The oscillating flow generating device mainly comprises a first valve piston motor stator 1, a first valve piston motor rotor 2, a first valve piston 3, a second valve piston motor stator 4, a second valve piston motor rotor 5, a second valve piston 6, a motor controller 27 and the like. The first air distribution piston motor rotor 2 is positioned at the inner side of the first air distribution piston motor stator 1, the lower end of the first air distribution piston 3 is fixedly connected with the first air distribution piston motor rotor 2, and the first air distribution piston motor stator 1, the first air distribution piston motor rotor 2 and the first air distribution piston 3 are positioned in a first air cylinder; the second air distribution piston motor rotor 5 is positioned at the inner side of the second air distribution piston motor stator 4, the lower end of the second air distribution piston 6 is fixedly connected with the second air distribution piston motor rotor 5, and the second air distribution piston motor stator 4, the second air distribution piston motor rotor 5 and the second air distribution piston 6 are positioned in a second cylinder; the motor controller 27 is connected with the first valve piston motor stator 1 and the second valve piston motor stator 4 through circuits respectively; the two cylinders are connected through a pipeline, and the heat exchanger testing device is positioned in the pipeline.
The first valve piston motor stator 1 and the second valve piston motor stator 4 mainly comprise silicon steel sheets, windings, a fixing frame and the like and are responsible for generating an alternating magnetic field; the first air distribution piston motor rotor 2 and the second air distribution piston motor rotor 5 mainly comprise neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets, a fixing frame and the like, and reciprocate under electromagnetic force in an alternating magnetic field; the first air distribution piston 3 and the second air distribution piston 6 are made of stainless steel, are connected with corresponding motor movers and reciprocate under the pushing of the motor movers to realize air distribution; the motor controller 27 can output two paths of alternating currents with controllable voltage, phase and frequency, and control the travel, phase and frequency of the movement of the first air distribution piston 3 and the second air distribution piston 6.
The heat exchanger testing device mainly comprises a heater testing cavity 10, a heat regenerator testing cavity 11, a cooler testing cavity 12 and other components, wherein the heater testing cavity 10, the heat regenerator testing cavity 11 and the cooler testing cavity 12 are sequentially arranged in a pipeline of an oscillating flow generating part. The test system provided by the invention can measure heat exchangers with various structures, and the structure of the heat exchanger is shown in fig. 2.
The heater testing cavity 10 is heated by an electric heating rod 10-1 and cooled by a water cooling mode, and can test the annular fin type heater 10-2, wherein the annular fin type heater 10-2 is internally provided with a heater heat insulation filling 10-3, and the heater testing cavity is particularly shown in (a) in fig. 2; the tube heater 10-4 may also be tested, with the molten salt heating medium 10-5 disposed within the tube heater 10-4, see specifically (d) in FIG. 2; the heat regenerator test cavity 11 can measure an annular heat regenerator 11-1, and the heat regenerator 11-1 is internally provided with a heat regenerator insulating filling 11-2, and the heat regenerator test cavity is specifically shown in (b) of fig. 2; cylindrical regenerator 11-3 may also be tested, see in particular (e) in fig. 2; the cooler test cavity 12 adopts water cooling, the annular fin type cooler 12-2 can be tested, the outer side of the annular fin type cooler 12-2 is provided with a water cooling outer fin 12-4, a water cooling medium 12-1 is arranged in the water cooling outer fin 12-4, and the annular fin type cooler 12-2 is internally provided with a cooler heat insulation filling, and the method is specifically shown in (c) in fig. 2; the tube coolers 12-5 may also be tested, see in particular (f) in fig. 2.
The heat exchanger testing device and the pipeline of the oscillating flow generating device are connected by adopting a flange, and a metal winding gasket is used as a heat insulation and sealing component. Therefore, the test cavity can be flexibly replaced, and the heat exchanger is convenient to optimize and iterate design.
The damping and flow control device mainly comprises a first air passage interface 7, a first electromagnetic valve 8, a first adjustable air passage 9, a second air passage interface 13, a second electromagnetic valve 14, a second adjustable air passage 15, a first air pressure sensor 17, a flow sensor 26 and a damping and flow controller 31. Specific:
the first adjustable air pipe 9 and the second adjustable air pipe 15 are respectively connected to two ends of a pipeline of the oscillating flow generating device, wherein a first air passage interface 7 and a first electromagnetic valve 8 are arranged on the first adjustable air pipe 9, and the first electromagnetic valve 8 is used for controlling the ventilation volume of the first air passage interface 7; the second adjustable air pipe 15 is provided with a second air passage interface 13 and a second electromagnetic valve 14, and the second electromagnetic valve 14 is used for controlling the ventilation volume of the second air passage interface 13; one end of the first air pressure sensor 17 is connected with a pipeline of the oscillating flow generating device and is used for measuring air pressure in the pipeline, the other end of the first air pressure sensor 17 is connected with the damping and flow controller 31 through a circuit, and the damping and flow controller 31 is used for collecting air pressure data of the first air pressure sensor 17; one end of the flow sensor 26 is connected with a pipeline of the oscillating flow generating device and is used for measuring the gas flow in the pipeline, the other end of the flow sensor 26 is connected with a damping and flow controller 31 through a circuit, and the damping and flow controller 31 is used for collecting flow data of the flow sensor 26; the damping and flow controller 31 is also connected with the first electromagnetic valve 8 and the second electromagnetic valve 14 through circuits respectively so as to control the opening and closing sizes of the electromagnetic valve 8 and the second electromagnetic valve 14 at the gas inlet, thereby realizing the control of the gas flow. Under the condition that the gas flow is unchanged, the gas pressure distribution in the pipeline depends on the flow resistance of the pipeline, the main body gas pipe of the test system is thicker, and the flow resistance is smaller, so that the pressure distribution is more uniform, and when the damping of the adjustable gas pipe of the gas outflow port is larger, larger gas pressure drop can be formed on the adjustable gas pipe, so that higher gas pressure is achieved in the test cavity. In unidirectional flow testing, the damping and flow control device can control the flow rate of gas flowing through the heat exchanger and the air pressure of the cavity where the heat exchanger is located at the same time.
The data acquisition device mainly comprises a first temperature sensor 18, a second temperature sensor 19, a second air pressure sensor 20, a third temperature sensor 21, a fourth temperature sensor 22, a third air pressure sensor 23, a fifth temperature sensor 24, a sixth temperature sensor 25, a data acquisition instrument 30 and the like. The data acquisition device can measure the temperature and pressure of the gas passing through the heat exchanger, and then the measurement results are summarized into the data acquisition instrument 30. The specific connection relation among the parts is as follows:
the first temperature sensor 18 and the second temperature sensor 19 are respectively connected to two sides of the heater test cavity 10 and are used for measuring the temperatures of the two sides of the heater test cavity 10; the second air pressure sensor 20 is connected into a pipeline of the oscillating flow generating device and is specifically positioned between the heater test cavity 10 and the heat regenerator test cavity 11; the third temperature sensor 21 and the fourth temperature sensor 22 are respectively connected to two sides of the heat regenerator test cavity 11 and are used for measuring the temperatures of the two sides of the heat regenerator test cavity 11; the third air pressure sensor 23 is connected into a pipeline of the oscillating flow generating device and is specifically positioned between the heat regenerator testing cavity 11 and the cooler testing cavity 12; the fifth temperature sensor 24 and the sixth temperature sensor 25 are respectively connected to two sides of the cooler test cavity 12 and are used for measuring the temperatures of two sides of the cooler test cavity 12; the data acquisition instrument 30 is respectively connected with the first temperature sensor 18, the second temperature sensor 19, the second air pressure sensor 20, the third temperature sensor 21, the fourth temperature sensor 22, the third air pressure sensor 23, the fifth temperature sensor 24 and the sixth temperature sensor 25 through circuits and is used for acquiring data.
The test system provided by the invention can be used for unidirectional flow experiments to test the performances of a heater, a heat regenerator and a cooler, and is specifically as follows:
before the performance test of the unidirectional flow heater, the heat regenerator test cavity 11 needs to be removed, replaced by an air pipeline, the third air channel interface 16 is connected with the second air channel interface 13, the damping of the second adjustable air tube 15 is adjusted to be minimum, the damping of the first adjustable air tube 9 is coarsely adjusted to a value required by an experiment, and the first air channel interface 7 is exposed in the atmosphere. During the performance test of the unidirectional flow heater, the heater is heated by the electric heating rod 10-1, the motor controller 27 controls the two motors to enable the two air distribution pistons (the first air distribution piston 3 and the second air distribution piston 6) to be static, helium flows into the cooler test cavity 12 through the second air passage interface 13, the helium is cooled to a constant low temperature, then flows into the heater test cavity 10, the temperature of the gas rises under the action of the heater, and finally flows out of the first air passage interface 7. The damping and flow controller collects data from the first air pressure sensor 17 and the flow sensor 26 to control the opening sizes of the first electromagnetic valve 8 and the second electromagnetic valve 14, and is used for adjusting the helium flow and the pressure of the heater test cavity 10 to values required by experiments. The heating performance of the heater can be evaluated by acquiring and calculating the temperature difference between the first temperature sensor 18 and the second temperature sensor 19 by the data acquisition instrument 30.
Before the performance test of the unidirectional flow heat regenerator, the third air passage interface 16 is connected with the first air passage interface 7, the damping of the first adjustable air pipe 9 is adjusted to be minimum, the damping of the second adjustable air pipe 15 is coarsely adjusted to a value required by an experiment, and the second air passage interface 13 is exposed to the atmosphere. During the performance test of the unidirectional flow heat regenerator, the electric heating rod 10-1 heats the heater, the motor controller 27 controls the two motors to enable the two air distribution pistons (the first air distribution piston 3 and the second air distribution piston 6) to be static, helium flows into the heater test cavity 10 through the first air passage interface 7, the helium rises to a constant high temperature, then flows into the heat regenerator test cavity 11, is cooled through the cooler test cavity 12, and finally flows out through the second air passage interface 13. Because the regenerator has strong heat storage capacity and large flow resistance, temperature difference and pressure drop can be formed at two ends of the regenerator. The heat recovery performance of the regenerator can be comprehensively evaluated by collecting and calculating the temperature difference between the third temperature sensor 21 and the fourth temperature sensor 22 and the pressure difference between the second air pressure sensor 20 and the third air pressure sensor 23 through the data collector 30.
Before the performance test of the unidirectional flow cooler, the heat regenerator test cavity 11 needs to be removed, a gas pipeline is used for replacing the heat regenerator test cavity, the third gas path interface 16 is connected with the first gas path interface 7, the damping of the first adjustable gas pipe 9 is adjusted to be minimum, the damping of the second adjustable gas pipe 15 is adjusted to be rough to a value required by an experiment, and the second gas path interface 13 is exposed in the atmosphere. During the performance test of the unidirectional flow cooler, the electric heating rod 10-1 heats the heater, the motor controller 27 controls the two motors to enable the two air distribution pistons (the first air distribution piston 3 and the second air distribution piston 6) to be static, helium flows into the heater test cavity 10 from the first air passage interface 7 to enable the helium to rise to a constant high temperature, then flows into the cooler test cavity 12, the temperature of the gas is reduced under the action of the cooler, and finally flows out from the second air passage interface 13. The damping and flow controller 31 collects data from the first air pressure sensor 17 and the flow sensor 26 to control the opening sizes of the first electromagnetic valve 8 and the second electromagnetic valve 14 of the electromagnetic valve, and adjusts the helium flow and the pressure of the cooler test cavity 12 to values required by experiments. The cooling performance of the cooler can be assessed by the data acquisition instrument 30 acquiring and calculating the temperature difference between the fifth temperature sensor 24 and the sixth temperature sensor 25.
The test system provided by the invention can also be used for testing the performance of the oscillating flow heat regenerator, and the specific operation method comprises the following steps:
before the performance test of the oscillatory flow heat regenerator, the third air passage interface 16 is connected with the first air passage interface 7 (the second air passage interface 13), the first electromagnetic valve 8 (the second electromagnetic valve 14) is closed, the second electromagnetic valve 14 (the first electromagnetic valve 8) is opened, helium is injected into the test system to the required air pressure, and the electromagnetic valve second electromagnetic valve 14 (the first electromagnetic valve 8) is closed. During the performance test of the oscillating flow heat regenerator, the electric heating rod 10-1 heats the heater, the water cooling medium 12-1 cools the cooler, and the motor controller 27 controls the two motors to enable the two air distribution pistons (the first air distribution piston 3 and the second air distribution piston 6) to keep certain phase reciprocating motion, and helium periodically reciprocates in the three test cavities. In the first half cycle, high temperature helium gas passing through the heater test chamber 10 flows into the regenerator test chamber 11, heat is accumulated in the regenerator to rise in temperature, in the latter half cycle, low temperature helium gas passing through the cooler test chamber 12 flows into the regenerator test chamber 11, the heat reduction temperature in the regenerator is lowered, and the air pressure at both ends of the regenerator periodically changes to form pressure waves. After a period of operation, the temperature and pressure wave of the gas at the two ends of the heat regenerator tend to be stable. In the process, the temperature difference between the third temperature sensor 21 and the fourth temperature sensor 22, the pressure difference between the second air pressure sensor 20 and the third air pressure sensor 23 and the pressure wave change are acquired and calculated through the data acquisition instrument 30, so that the regenerative performance of the regenerator can be comprehensively evaluated.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a related manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A multi-functional stirling generator heat exchanger test system comprising:
the helium pressure regulating and supplementing device is used for providing high-purity helium with required pressure for the heat exchanger testing device and the oscillating flow generating device;
an oscillating flow generating device for generating an oscillating flow of helium gas with a direction reciprocally changed;
the heat exchanger testing device is used for simulating the working environments of the heater, the heat exchanger and the cooler in the heat exchanger;
the damping and flow control device is used for simultaneously controlling the flow of gas flowing through the heat exchanger and the air pressure of a cavity where the heat exchanger is positioned in a unidirectional flow test;
and the data acquisition device is used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of the gas passing through the heat exchanger.
2. The test system of the heat exchanger of the multifunctional Stirling generator according to claim 1, wherein the helium pressure regulating and supplementing device comprises a high-purity helium bottle (28), and a helium pressure regulating controller (29) is arranged between the high-purity helium bottle (28) and the third gas path interface (16); the helium pressure regulating and supplementing device is connected with a pipeline of the oscillating flow generating device through a first gas path interface (7) or a second gas path interface (13) of the damping and flow control device, and the heat exchanger testing device is arranged in the pipeline of the oscillating flow generating device.
3. The test system of the heat exchanger of the multifunctional Stirling generator according to claim 1, wherein the oscillating flow generating device comprises a first valve piston motor rotor (2), the first valve piston motor rotor (2) is positioned on the inner side of a first valve piston motor stator (1), the lower end of a first valve piston (3) is fixedly connected with the first valve piston motor rotor (2), and the first valve piston motor stator (1), the first valve piston motor rotor (2) and the first valve piston (3) are all positioned in a first cylinder; the second air distribution piston motor rotor (5) is positioned at the inner side of the second air distribution piston motor stator (4), the lower end of the second air distribution piston (6) is fixedly connected with the second air distribution piston motor rotor (5), and the second air distribution piston motor stator (4), the second air distribution piston motor rotor (5) and the second air distribution piston (6) are positioned in a second cylinder; the motor controller (27) is respectively connected with the first valve piston motor stator (1) and the second valve piston motor stator (4) through circuits; the first cylinder is connected with the second cylinder through a pipeline, and a heat exchanger testing device is arranged in the pipeline.
4. A multifunctional stirling generator heat exchanger test system in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the heat exchanger test means comprises a heater test chamber (10), the heater test chamber (10), regenerator test chamber (11), cooler test chamber (12) being connected in sequence.
5. A multifunctional stirling generator heat exchanger test system according to claim 4 wherein an annular fin heater (10-2) or a tube heater (10-4) is provided in the heater test chamber (10); an annular heat regenerator (11-1) or a cylindrical heat regenerator (11-3) is arranged in the heat regenerator test cavity (11); an annular fin type cooler (12-2) or a tube type cooler (12-5) is arranged in the cooler test cavity (12).
6. A multi-function stirling generator heat exchanger testing system in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the heat exchanger testing means is flanged to the tubes of the oscillating flow generator and is provided with metal wound gaskets as a heat insulating and sealing means.
7. The heat exchanger test system of the multifunctional Stirling generator according to claim 1, wherein the damping and flow control device comprises a first adjustable air pipe (9) and a second adjustable air pipe (15), the first adjustable air pipe (9) and the second adjustable air pipe (15) are respectively connected to two ends of a pipeline of the oscillating flow generating device, and a first air passage interface (7) and a first electromagnetic valve (8) are arranged on the first adjustable air pipe (9); a second air passage interface (13) and a second electromagnetic valve (14) are arranged on the second adjustable air pipe (15); one end of the first air pressure sensor (17) is connected with a pipeline of the oscillating flow generating device, and the other end of the first air pressure sensor (17) is connected with the damping and flow controller (31) through a circuit; one end of the flow sensor (26) is connected with a pipeline of the oscillating flow generating device, and the other end of the flow sensor (26) is connected with the damping and flow controller (31) through a circuit; the damping and flow controller (31) is also respectively connected with the first electromagnetic valve (8) and the second electromagnetic valve (14) through circuits.
8. A multifunctional stirling generator heat exchanger test system according to claim 1 wherein the data acquisition device comprises a first temperature sensor (18), a second temperature sensor (19), the first temperature sensor (18), the second temperature sensor (19) being connected to both sides of the heater test cavity (10) respectively; the second air pressure sensor (20) is connected into a pipeline between a heater test cavity (10) and a heat regenerator test cavity (11) of the oscillating flow generating device; the third temperature sensor (21) and the fourth temperature sensor (22) are respectively connected to two sides of the heat regenerator test cavity (11); the third air pressure sensor (23) is connected into a pipeline between a heat regenerator test cavity (11) and a cooler test cavity (12) of the oscillating flow generating device; the fifth temperature sensor (24) and the sixth temperature sensor (25) are respectively connected to two sides of the cooler test cavity (12); the data acquisition instrument (30) is respectively connected with the first temperature sensor (18), the second temperature sensor (19), the second air pressure sensor (20), the third temperature sensor (21), the fourth temperature sensor (22), the third air pressure sensor (23), the fifth temperature sensor (24) and the sixth temperature sensor (25) through circuits.
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| CN117825087A (en) * | 2024-03-04 | 2024-04-05 | 南通星球石墨股份有限公司 | Graphite heat exchanger heat transfer effect testing arrangement |
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