CN117570497A - Compressed air energy storage combined cooling heating power system preheated by utilizing geothermal energy - Google Patents
Compressed air energy storage combined cooling heating power system preheated by utilizing geothermal energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN117570497A CN117570497A CN202311507328.8A CN202311507328A CN117570497A CN 117570497 A CN117570497 A CN 117570497A CN 202311507328 A CN202311507328 A CN 202311507328A CN 117570497 A CN117570497 A CN 117570497A
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000353097 Molva molva Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 95
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
- F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
- F24D11/0235—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system with recuperation of waste energy
- F24D11/0242—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system with recuperation of waste energy contained in exhausted air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
- F24D19/1039—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating the system uses a heat pump
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, and discloses a compressed air energy storage combined cooling heating and power system which utilizes geothermal energy for preheating, wherein a compressed air energy storage system is coupled with a geothermal energy heat-taking subsystem, and the compressed heat generated in the geothermal energy collection and energy storage process is utilized for fully preheating gas in front of an expander, so that the residual high-temperature compressed heat in the system operation process can be saved, the heat supply quality and total heat supply quantity are improved, and the power generation efficiency and total power generation capacity in the energy release process are improved; meanwhile, a cold quantity heat exchanger is arranged in the system, cold quantity contained in gas after the expansion machine is fully utilized, and a cold-hot water double-circulation subsystem is adopted for cold accumulation and heat accumulation, so that cold-heat-electricity cogeneration under different conditions can be realized, and the energy utilization rate and the system circulation efficiency are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a compressed air energy storage combined cooling heating power system preheated by utilizing geothermal energy.
Background
The compressed air energy storage system is used as a large-scale energy storage device with good application prospect at present, can be suitable for energy transfer in a long time scale, improves energy utilization efficiency and relieves power network blockage. When the compressed air energy storage is combined with the renewable energy source, the matching of the generated power and the used power can be realized, the problem of renewable energy source grid connection is solved, but the problems of difficult control, complex circulating system, geological site selection limitation and the like still exist in the application.
In the prior art, there have been related applications of compressed air energy storage in combination with other energy systems, with the aim of improving the performance of the system by performance complementation, but there are often limitations. The invention patent with the patent number of CN202211481561.9 discloses a compressed air energy storage cogeneration system and a method utilizing salt cavern geothermal energy, wherein the system utilizes an underground salt cavern as a high-pressure gas storage device to acquire geothermal resources of the salt cavern gas storage device and residual heat generated in the compression process to heat cities. However, this design has the following problems and disadvantages: the natural salt cavern gas storage is generally positioned at about 700-1200 meters underground, the stratum temperature is only about 40-45 ℃, the temperature is lower, and available geothermal resources are less; the temperature gradually rises along with the increase of the underground depth, but the energy loss generated in the process is correspondingly increased due to the need of injecting and discharging high-pressure gas; geothermal resources are only used for heating high-pressure gas in a gas storage, and the gas cannot be continuously utilized in a subsequent process after being exhausted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a compressed air energy storage combined cooling heating and power system preheated by utilizing geothermal energy, so as to solve the technical problems that the gas cannot be continuously preheated before multistage expansion in the process of releasing energy by the compressed air energy storage system in the prior art, and the energy utilization rate and the system circulation efficiency are low.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a compressed air energy storage combined cooling heating and power system preheated by utilizing geothermal energy comprises an air compressor unit, a heat exchanger unit, a water storage tank unit, a high-pressure air storage tank, an expansion unit, a compression heat exchanger unit, a cold energy heat exchanger unit, a geothermal heat exchanger unit, an outlet cold energy heat exchanger and a geothermal energy heat taking subsystem; the air compressor unit is characterized in that the air inlet side of the air compressor unit is connected with an air interface, the output end of the air compressor unit is connected with the input end of the heat exchanger unit, the output end of the heat exchanger unit is connected with the input end of the high-pressure air storage tank, the output end of the high-pressure air storage tank is connected with the input end of the cold energy heat exchanger unit, the output end of the cold energy heat exchanger unit is connected with the input end of the geothermal heat exchanger unit, the output end of the geothermal heat exchanger unit is connected with the input end of the compression heat exchanger unit, and the input end of the compression heat exchanger unit is connected with the input end of the expansion unit; the output end of the expansion unit is connected with the input end of the outlet cold energy heat exchanger; the water side end of the heat exchanger unit is connected to one end of the water storage tank unit, the other end of the water storage tank unit is connected with the cold energy heat exchanger unit and the compression heat exchanger unit, and then is connected to the water side end of the heat exchanger unit to form a circulating waterway, and the geothermal energy heat taking subsystem is circularly connected to the geothermal heat exchanger unit.
Preferably, a storage tank inlet throttle valve is arranged between the output end of the heat exchanger unit and the input end of the high-pressure air storage tank, and a storage tank outlet throttle valve is arranged between the output end of the high-pressure air storage tank and the input end of the cold energy heat exchanger unit.
Preferably, the water storage tank unit comprises a first normal-temperature water storage tank, a cold water storage tank, a second normal-temperature water storage tank and a hot water storage tank, one end of the first normal-temperature water storage tank is connected to the water side end of the heat exchanger unit, the other end of the first normal-temperature water storage tank is connected to the hot water storage tank through the compression heat exchanger unit, and the output end of the hot water storage tank is connected to the water side end of the heat exchanger unit to form a circulating waterway; the output end of the cold water storage tank is branched after passing through the second normal-temperature water storage tank in sequence, and one branch is connected to the input end of the cold water storage tank after passing through the cold energy heat exchanger unit; the other branch is connected to the input end of the cold water storage tank after passing through the outlet cold heat exchanger.
Further, a first water pump is arranged between the first normal-temperature water storage tank and the water side end of the heat exchanger unit.
Further, the output end of the cold water storage tank is also connected to the cold energy supply end.
Preferably, the air compressor package comprises a first stage air compressor and a fourth stage air compressor; the heat exchanger unit comprises a first-stage heat exchanger and a fourth-stage heat exchanger, an air interface is connected to the air inlet side of the first-stage air compressor, the output end of the first-stage air compressor is connected with the input end of the first-stage heat exchanger, the output end of the first-stage heat exchanger is connected to the input end of the fourth-stage air compressor, the output end of the fourth-stage air compressor is connected to the fourth-stage heat exchanger, the output end of the fourth-stage heat exchanger is connected to the input end of the high-pressure air storage tank, and one end of the water storage tank unit is sequentially connected to the first-stage heat exchanger and the fourth-stage heat exchanger to form a circulating waterway.
Preferably, the expansion unit comprises a first stage expander and a third stage expander;
the compression heat exchanger unit comprises a first-stage compression heat exchanger and a third-stage compression heat exchanger, and the cold energy heat exchanger unit comprises a first-stage cold energy heat exchanger and a third-stage cold energy heat exchanger; the geothermal heat exchanger unit comprises a first-stage geothermal heat exchanger and a third-stage geothermal heat exchanger; the output end of the high-pressure air storage tank is connected to the input end of the first-stage cold quantity heat exchanger; the output end of the first-stage cold energy heat exchanger is connected to the input end of the first-stage geothermal heat exchanger, the output end of the first-stage geothermal heat exchanger is connected to the input end of the first-stage compression heat exchanger, the output end of the first-stage compression heat exchanger is connected to the input end of the first-stage expansion machine, the output end of the first-stage expansion machine is connected to the input end of the third-stage cold energy heat exchanger, the output end of the third-stage cold energy heat exchanger is connected to the input end of the third-stage geothermal heat exchanger, the output end of the third-stage geothermal heat exchanger is connected to the input end of the third-stage compression heat exchanger, the output end of the third-stage compression heat exchanger is connected to the third-stage expansion machine, and the output end of the third-stage expansion machine is connected to the outlet cold energy heat exchanger.
Further, the first-stage geothermal heat exchanger and the third-stage geothermal heat exchanger are in circulating connection, the first-stage cold quantity heat exchanger and the third-stage cold quantity heat exchanger are in circulating connection with the outlet cold quantity heat exchanger, and the first-stage compression heat exchanger and the third-stage compression heat exchanger are in circulating connection with the outlet cold quantity heat exchanger.
Preferably, the geothermal energy heat-taking subsystem is a coaxial sleeve type geothermal heat-collecting device, the coaxial sleeve type geothermal heat-collecting device is buried in the rock soil layer, backfill materials are buried between the coaxial sleeve type geothermal heat-collecting device and the rock soil layer, and the coaxial sleeve type geothermal heat-collecting device is in circulating connection with the geothermal heat exchanger unit.
Further, the coaxial sleeve type geothermal acquisition device comprises an inner coaxial sleeve type geothermal well pipe and an outer coaxial sleeve type geothermal well pipe; the outer pipe of the coaxial sleeve geothermal well is buried in a rock soil layer, backfill materials are buried between the outer pipe and the rock soil layer, the inner pipe of the coaxial sleeve geothermal well is sleeved in the outer pipe of the coaxial sleeve geothermal well, the output end of the inner pipe of the coaxial sleeve geothermal well is connected to the input end of the geothermal heat exchanger unit through a second water pump, and the input end of the outer pipe of the coaxial sleeve geothermal well is connected to the output end of the geothermal heat exchanger unit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention provides a compressed air energy storage combined cooling heating and power system which utilizes geothermal energy for preheating, wherein a compressed air energy storage system is coupled with a geothermal energy heat-taking subsystem, and compressed heat generated in the geothermal energy collection and energy storage process is utilized for fully preheating gas in front of an expander, so that the residual high-temperature compressed heat in the system operation process can be saved, the heat supply quality and the total heat supply quantity are improved, and the power generation efficiency and the total power generation capacity in the energy release process are improved; meanwhile, a cold quantity heat exchanger is arranged in the system, cold quantity contained in gas after the expansion machine is fully utilized, and a cold-hot water double-circulation subsystem is adopted for cold accumulation and heat accumulation, so that cold-heat-electricity cogeneration under different conditions can be realized, and the energy utilization rate and the system circulation efficiency are improved.
Further, the adiabatic compressed air energy storage device comprises an air compressor unit, a heat exchanger unit, a water storage tank unit, a high-pressure air storage tank, an expansion unit, a compression heat exchanger unit, a cold energy heat exchanger unit, a geothermal heat exchanger unit and an outlet cold energy heat exchanger; the air compressor unit comprises four stages of heat exchange, an outlet of each stage of compressor is connected with an air side inlet of a compression interstage heat exchanger, a water side inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with a normal-temperature water storage tank, a water side outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with a heat storage tank, and an air side outlet of the final stage of heat exchanger is connected with a throttle valve and a high-pressure air storage tank; the expansion unit comprises three stages of expansion, wherein an inlet of each stage of expansion machine is connected with two heat exchangers for preheating, namely a geothermal heat exchanger and a compression heat exchanger, an outlet of each stage of expansion machine is connected with a cold heat exchanger, an outlet of the last stage of expansion machine is connected with the air side of the cold heat exchanger, and cold is fully extracted through heat exchange with normal-temperature water in a normal-temperature water storage tank and then discharged into the atmosphere; the geothermal energy heat-taking subsystem is a coaxial sleeve type geothermal energy collecting device and consists of an inner pipe, an outer pipe and backfill materials, the pipeline flow is out, in and out, the inlet receives cold water discharged from the geothermal heat exchanger and the water side outlet, and the cold water enters the geothermal heat exchanger again to supply heat to the water side of the geothermal heat exchanger for recycling after heat exchange and collection of geothermal energy contained in a rock and soil layer under the driving of a water pump.
Furthermore, in the energy release process, a geothermal heat exchanger is additionally arranged between expansion units, a geothermal heat extraction subsystem is combined with a compressed air energy storage system, and renewable energy sources are utilized to supplement energy to the compressed air energy storage system.
Furthermore, the geothermal heat exchanger and the compression heat exchanger are sequentially arranged in front of the expander, so that the gas before expansion can be fully preheated, and part of residual compression heat is saved for urban heating.
Further, the normal temperature water in the normal temperature water storage tank is changed into high temperature hot water after interstage heat exchange in the compression process, and is stored in the hot water storage tank, the hot water is discharged into the compression heat exchanger and the hot water storage tank in the energy release process, the gas before expansion is preheated by using the compression heat, the residual compression heat is used for urban heating, and the normal temperature water returns to the normal temperature water storage tank after heat exchange is finished, so that the hot water supply circulation subsystem is formed. When releasing energy, the normal temperature water in the normal temperature water storage tank enters a cold energy heat exchanger between the expansion units and absorbs the cold energy contained in the expanded gas to form low temperature cold water which enters the cold water storage tank for storage, and returns to the normal temperature water storage tank after cold energy supply to form a cold water supply circulation subsystem.
Further, the geothermal energy heat-taking subsystem adopts a coaxial sleeve geothermal energy collecting device to extract middle-deep geothermal energy, backfill materials adopt materials with higher heat conductivity coefficients, inner pipe materials adopt materials with higher heat resistance, and the heat-taking depth and geothermal water flow rate are determined by the heat requirement of the system.
Furthermore, throttle valves are arranged in front of and behind the high-pressure air storage tank and used for maintaining the stable pressure of inlet and outlet air of the compressor unit and the expansion unit, and the compression and expansion pressure ratio of each stage is a fixed value.
Furthermore, a cold quantity heat exchanger is additionally arranged behind the expansion machine of the last stage and is used for absorbing the cold quantity of the gas after the expansion of the last stage, so that the discharged gas is kept in a normal temperature and normal pressure state.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a compressed air energy storage cogeneration system preheated by geothermal energy according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a compressed air energy storage cogeneration system utilizing geothermal energy in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a geothermal energy thermal subsystem according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the geothermal energy thermal subsystem of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the energy output result with the conventional system according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1-a first stage air compressor; 2-a first stage heat exchanger; 3-fourth stage air compressor; 4-fourth stage heat exchanger; 5-a tank inlet throttle; 6-a first normal-temperature water storage tank; 7-storing Leng Shuiguan; 8-a second normal-temperature water storage tank; 9-a heat storage water tank; 10-a high-pressure air storage tank; 11-a tank outlet throttle; 12-a first water pump; 13-a first-stage refrigeration heat exchanger; 14-a first-stage geothermal heat exchanger; 15-a first stage compression heat exchanger; a 16-first stage expander; 17-a third-stage cold energy heat exchanger; 18-a third-stage geothermal heat exchanger; 19-a third stage compression heat exchanger; a 20-third stage expander; 21-an outlet cold heat exchanger; 22-a second water pump; 23-coaxial casing geothermal well inner tube; 24-an outer tube of a geothermal well of a coaxial casing; 25-backfilling material; 26-a rock layer; 27-coaxial casing geothermal well inner tubing material;
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
the invention aims to provide a compressed air energy storage combined cooling heating and power system which utilizes geothermal energy for preheating, so as to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, gas cannot be continuously preheated before multistage expansion in the process of releasing energy by the compressed air energy storage system, and the energy utilization rate and the system circulation efficiency are low.
Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a compressed air energy storage cogeneration system preheated by geothermal energy, comprising an air compressor unit, a heat exchanger unit, a water storage tank unit, a high-pressure air storage tank 10, an expansion unit, a compression heat exchanger unit, a cold heat exchanger unit, a geothermal heat exchanger unit, an outlet cold heat exchanger 21, and a geothermal energy heat-taking subsystem; the air inlet side of the air compressor unit is connected with an air interface, the output end of the air compressor unit is connected with the input end of the heat exchanger unit, the output end of the heat exchanger unit is connected with the input end of the high-pressure air storage tank 10, the output end of the high-pressure air storage tank 10 is connected with the input end of the cold energy heat exchanger unit, the output end of the cold energy heat exchanger unit is connected with the input end of the geothermal heat exchanger unit, the output end of the geothermal heat exchanger unit is connected with the input end of the compression heat exchanger unit, and the input end of the compression heat exchanger unit is connected with the input end of the expansion unit; the output end of the expansion unit is connected with the input end of the outlet cold energy heat exchanger 21; the water side end of the heat exchanger unit is connected to one end of the water storage tank unit, the other end of the water storage tank unit is connected with the cold energy heat exchanger unit and the compression heat exchanger unit, and then is connected to the water side end of the heat exchanger unit to form a circulating waterway, and the geothermal energy heat taking subsystem is circularly connected to the geothermal heat exchanger unit.
Specifically, a storage tank inlet throttle valve 5 is arranged between the output end of the heat exchanger unit and the input end of the high-pressure air storage tank 10, and a storage tank outlet throttle valve 11 is arranged between the output end of the high-pressure air storage tank 10 and the input end of the cold energy heat exchanger unit.
Specifically, the water storage tank unit comprises a first normal-temperature water storage tank 6, a cold water storage tank 7, a second normal-temperature water storage tank 8 and a hot water storage tank 9, wherein one end of the first normal-temperature water storage tank 6 is connected to the water side end of the heat exchanger unit, the other end of the first normal-temperature water storage tank is connected to the hot water storage tank 9 through the compression heat exchanger unit, and the output end of the hot water storage tank 9 is connected to the water side end of the heat exchanger unit to form a circulating water path; the output end of the cold water storage tank 7 is branched and arranged after passing through the second normal-temperature water storage tank 8 in sequence, and one branch is connected to the input end of the cold water storage tank 7 after passing through the cold energy heat exchanger unit; the other branch is connected to the input end of the cold water storage tank 7 after passing through the outlet cold heat exchanger 21.
Wherein, a first water pump 12 is arranged between the first normal temperature water storage tank 6 and the water side end of the heat exchanger unit.
Wherein the output end of the cold water storage tank 7 is also connected to the cold supply end.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the air compressor package includes a first stage air compressor 1 and a fourth stage air compressor 3; the heat exchanger unit comprises a first-stage heat exchanger 2 and a fourth-stage heat exchanger 4, an air interface is connected to the air inlet side of the first-stage air compressor 1, the output end of the first-stage air compressor 1 is connected with the input end of the first-stage heat exchanger 2, the output end of the first-stage heat exchanger 2 is connected to the input end of the fourth-stage air compressor 3, the output end of the fourth-stage air compressor 3 is connected to the fourth-stage heat exchanger 4, the output end of the fourth-stage heat exchanger 4 is connected to the input end of the high-pressure air storage tank 10, and one end of the water storage tank unit is sequentially connected to the first-stage heat exchanger 2 and the fourth-stage heat exchanger 4 to form a circulating waterway.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the expansion train includes a first stage expander 16 and a third stage expander 20; the compression heat exchanger unit comprises a first-stage compression heat exchanger 15 and a third-stage compression heat exchanger 19, and the cold energy heat exchanger unit comprises a first-stage cold energy heat exchanger 13 and a third-stage cold energy heat exchanger 17; the geothermal heat exchanger unit comprises a first geothermal heat exchanger 14 and a third geothermal heat exchanger 18; the output end of the high-pressure air storage tank 10 is connected to the input end of the first-stage cold energy heat exchanger 13; the output end of the first-stage cold energy heat exchanger 13 is connected to the input end of the first-stage geothermal heat exchanger 14, the output end of the first-stage geothermal heat exchanger 14 is connected to the input end of the first-stage compression heat exchanger 15, the output end of the first-stage compression heat exchanger 15 is connected to the input end of the first-stage expander 16, the output end of the first-stage expander 16 is connected to the input end of the third-stage cold energy heat exchanger 17, the output end of the third-stage cold energy heat exchanger 17 is connected to the input end of the third-stage geothermal heat exchanger 18, the output end of the third-stage geothermal heat exchanger 18 is connected to the input end of the third-stage compression heat exchanger 19, the output end of the third-stage compression heat exchanger 19 is connected to the third-stage expander 20, and the output end of the third-stage expander 20 is connected to the outlet cold energy heat exchanger 21.
The first-stage geothermal heat exchanger 14 and the third-stage geothermal heat exchanger 18 are in circulating connection, the first-stage cold energy heat exchanger 13 and the third-stage cold energy heat exchanger 17 are in circulating connection with the outlet cold energy heat exchanger 21, and the first-stage compression heat exchanger 15 and the third-stage compression heat exchanger 19 are in circulating connection with the outlet cold energy heat exchanger 21.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the geothermal energy heat-collecting subsystem is a coaxial sleeve type geothermal heat-collecting device, the coaxial sleeve type geothermal heat-collecting device is buried in the rock-soil layer 26, the backfill material 25 is buried between the coaxial sleeve type geothermal heat-collecting device and the rock-soil layer 26, and the coaxial sleeve type geothermal heat-collecting device is in cyclic connection with the geothermal heat exchanger unit.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the coaxial sleeve type geothermal collecting device comprises a coaxial sleeve type geothermal well inner tube 23 and a coaxial sleeve type geothermal well outer tube 24; the outer pipe 24 of the geothermal well of the coaxial sleeve is buried in the rock soil layer 26, and the backfill material 25 is buried between the outer pipe and the rock soil layer 26, the inner pipe 23 of the geothermal well of the coaxial sleeve is sleeved in the outer pipe 24 of the geothermal well of the coaxial sleeve, wherein the output end of the inner pipe 23 of the geothermal well of the coaxial sleeve is connected to the input end of the geothermal heat exchanger unit through the second water pump 22, and the input end of the outer pipe 24 of the geothermal well of the coaxial sleeve is connected to the output end of the geothermal heat exchanger unit.
In the invention, the heat storage water tank 9 and the cold storage water tank 7 are both coated with heat insulation materials, and the high-pressure air storage tank 10 is made of corrosion-resistant, temperature-resistant and high-pressure-resistant steel.
The geothermal energy heat-collecting subsystem adopts a coaxial sleeve geothermal well for heat collection, and consists of concentric pipes and backfill materials. The concentric tube is divided into an outer tube and an inner tube, and the internal circulation liquid in the sleeve flows under the drive of the pump and continuously circulates between the inner ring and the outer ring pipeline. The flow direction adopts the external inlet and the internal outlet, the low-temperature circulating liquid enters from the external pipe and exchanges heat with the surrounding rock stratum, and the heated circulating liquid flows out to the ground heat exchanger through the internal pipe and is sent to the water side of the heat exchanger for heat supply. After the heat supply of the circulating liquid is completed, the temperature is reduced, and the circulating liquid enters the outer tube of the coaxial sleeve again to complete the circulation.
The system utilizes renewable energy sources or excessive electric energy input in the electricity price valley period to drive the compression subsystem to work, compressed high-temperature high-pressure gas enters the compression interstage heat exchanger, heat generated in the compression process is absorbed, compressed air is cooled by normal temperature water, and the water enters the heat storage water tank after absorbing the heat. After the multi-stage compression, a throttle valve is set up to keep the back pressure constant, and the pressure after the throttle valve depends on the real-time pressure of the high-pressure air storage tank. The high pressure gas carries energy and is always stored in a high pressure air storage tank, in the process, the gas exchanges heat with the environment continuously through the wall of the air storage tank, and finally the temperature of the air in the tank gradually approaches to the ambient temperature. When energy release is desired, gas is released from the high pressure air reservoir and regulated through a throttle to a pressure matching the expansion subsystem. After passing through the throttle valve, the high-pressure gas sequentially passes through three heat exchangers to absorb cold energy and preheat before expansion respectively, and then the expander drives the generator to generate electric energy. Specifically, a multi-stage heat exchanger is arranged between each stage of expansion stage for full preheating, and an outlet cold energy heat exchanger is arranged behind the last stage of expansion machine for absorbing cold energy contained in the gas after the last stage of expansion.
The invention sets up the air compressor level as 4, the expander level as 3, set up the tertiary heat exchange between each level expander.
In the combined cooling, heating and power system utilizing the compressed air preheated by geothermal energy, in the energy charging stage, the system utilizes renewable energy sources or surplus electric energy input in the electricity consumption valley period to drive a compression subsystem to work, wherein the inlet of a first-stage air compressor 1 is connected with ambient air, and the outlet gas of a fourth-stage air compressor 3 finally enters a high-pressure air storage tank 10. The compressed high-temperature high-pressure gas enters the air sides of the interstage heat exchangers 2 and 4, heat generated in the compression process is absorbed by normal-temperature water in the normal-temperature water storage tank 6, compressed air is cooled by normal-temperature water, and the water enters the heat storage tank 9 after absorbing the heat. After the multi-stage compression, a throttle valve 5 is set up to keep the back pressure constant, and the pressure after the throttle valve 5 depends on the real-time pressure of the high-pressure air tank 10.
In the energy storage stage, the high-pressure gas carries energy and is stored in the high-pressure air storage tank 10, the storage pressure in the storage tank is set to be 10MPa, heat can be continuously exchanged between the gas and the environment through the wall of the storage tank in the process, and finally the temperature of the air in the tank gradually approaches to the ambient temperature.
During the energy release phase, gas is released from the high pressure air reservoir and regulated to a pressure matching the expansion subsystem via throttle 11. The second water pump 22 in the geothermal system is continuously operated to continuously supply the water side of the geothermal heat exchangers 14 and 18 with the circulating water of high temperature. After passing through the throttle valve 11, the high-pressure gas sequentially passes through the air sides of the first-stage cold energy heat exchanger 13, the geothermal heat exchanger 14 and the compression heat exchanger 15, and is respectively and correspondingly absorbed by cold energy and preheated before expansion, and after heat exchange, the high-pressure gas drives a generator to generate electric energy through the first-stage expander 15, so that the expansion processes of the second stage and the third stage in the expansion subsystem are the same. It is specifically noted that a multi-stage heat exchanger is provided between each expansion stage for sufficient preheating, and an outlet cold heat exchanger 21 is provided after the expansion stage of the final stage for absorbing the cold contained in the gas after the expansion stage of the final stage.
According to the invention, the running state of the system can be regulated by controlling the rated pressure ratio, the compressed hot water flow, the geothermal water flow and other parameters of the expansion subsystem, and the duty ratio of the energy triple production output of the system is distributed. Fig. 5 is a diagram comparing the energy output result of the embodiment of the present invention with a conventional system that is not coupled with a geothermal energy heat-collecting subsystem, where the conventional system has a cycle efficiency of 50.37% under rated operating conditions, and the system outputs an electric quantity of 2.84MW, and cannot supply heat. In the example, when the rated pressure ratio of the novel system expander is 3.5, the compressed heat water flow is 3.5kg/s, and the geothermal water flow is 3.7kg/s, the system circulation efficiency can be up to a maximum value of 66.34%, the power of the output electric quantity of the system is 3.51MW, hot water with the temperature of 85 ℃ can be provided as a high-quality heat source, and the heat supply power is 0.89MW.
The basis of the parameters determined in the invention is that the system can achieve the maximum circulation efficiency, and besides, the system can correspondingly perform maximum cold energy supply, maximum heat energy supply or maximum power generation amount supply by controlling the corresponding parameters according to the specific requirements of seasons or environments.
In summary, the compressed air energy storage combined cooling heating system utilizing geothermal energy for preheating is provided, the compressed air energy storage system is coupled with the geothermal energy heat-taking subsystem, and the compressed heat generated in the geothermal energy collection and energy storage process is utilized for fully preheating the gas in front of the expander, so that the residual high-temperature compressed heat in the system operation process can be saved, the heat supply quality and the total heat supply amount are improved, and the power generation efficiency and the total power generation capacity in the energy release process are improved; meanwhile, a cold quantity heat exchanger is arranged in the system, cold quantity contained in gas after the expansion machine is fully utilized, and a cold-hot water double-circulation subsystem is adopted for cold accumulation and heat accumulation, so that cold-heat-electricity cogeneration under different conditions can be realized, and the energy utilization rate and the system circulation efficiency are improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The compressed air energy storage combined cooling heating and power system preheated by utilizing geothermal energy is characterized by comprising an air compressor unit, a heat exchanger unit, a water storage tank unit, a high-pressure air storage tank (10), an expansion unit, a compression heat exchanger unit, a cold heat exchanger unit, a geothermal heat exchanger unit, an outlet cold heat exchanger (21) and a geothermal energy heat taking subsystem; the air compressor unit is characterized in that an air inlet side of the air compressor unit is connected with an air interface, an output end of the air compressor unit is connected with an input end of a heat exchanger unit, an output end of the heat exchanger unit is connected with an input end of a high-pressure air storage tank (10), an output end of the high-pressure air storage tank (10) is connected with an input end of a cold quantity heat exchanger unit, an output end of the cold quantity heat exchanger unit is connected with an input end of a geothermal heat exchanger unit, an output end of the geothermal heat exchanger unit is connected with an input end of a compression heat exchanger unit, and an input end of the compression heat exchanger unit is connected with an input end of an expansion unit; the output end of the expansion unit is connected with the input end of the outlet cold energy heat exchanger (21); the water side end of the heat exchanger unit is connected to one end of the water storage tank unit, the other end of the water storage tank unit is connected with the cold energy heat exchanger unit and the compression heat exchanger unit, and then is connected to the water side end of the heat exchanger unit to form a circulating waterway, and the geothermal energy heat taking subsystem is circularly connected to the geothermal heat exchanger unit.
2. The compressed air energy storage combined cooling, heating and power system preheated by utilizing geothermal energy according to claim 1, wherein a storage tank inlet throttle valve (5) is arranged between the output end of the heat exchanger unit and the input end of the high-pressure air storage tank (10), and a storage tank outlet throttle valve (11) is arranged between the output end of the high-pressure air storage tank (10) and the input end of the cold energy heat exchanger unit.
3. A compressed air energy storage cogeneration system preheated by geothermal energy according to claim 1, wherein the water storage tank unit comprises a first normal temperature water storage tank (6), a cold water storage tank (7), a second normal temperature water storage tank (8) and a hot water storage tank (9), one end of the first normal temperature water storage tank (6) is connected to the water side end of the heat exchanger unit, the other end is connected to the hot water storage tank (9) through the compressed heat exchanger unit, and the output end of the hot water storage tank (9) is connected to the water side end of the heat exchanger unit to form a circulating waterway; the output end of the cold water storage tank (7) is branched and arranged after passing through the second normal-temperature water storage tank (8) in sequence, and one branch is connected to the input end of the cold water storage tank (7) after passing through the cold energy heat exchanger unit; the other branch is connected to the input end of the cold water storage tank (7) after passing through the outlet cold heat exchanger (21).
4. A compressed air energy storage cogeneration system preheated by geothermal energy according to claim 3, wherein a first water pump (12) is provided between the first normal temperature water storage tank (6) and the water side end of the heat exchanger unit.
5. A compressed air energy storage cogeneration system preheated by geothermal energy according to claim 3, wherein the output of the store Leng Shuiguan (7) is also connected to a cold supply.
6. A compressed air energy storage cogeneration system preheated by geothermal energy according to claim 1, wherein said air compressor train comprises a first stage air compressor (1) and a fourth stage air compressor (3); the heat exchanger unit comprises a first-stage heat exchanger (2) and a fourth-stage heat exchanger (4), an air interface is connected to the air inlet side of the first-stage air compressor (1), the output end of the first-stage air compressor (1) is connected with the input end of the first-stage heat exchanger (2), the output end of the first-stage heat exchanger (2) is connected with the input end of the fourth-stage air compressor (3), the output end of the fourth-stage air compressor (3) is connected with the fourth-stage heat exchanger (4), the output end of the fourth-stage heat exchanger (4) is connected with the input end of a high-pressure air storage tank (10), and one end of the water storage tank unit is sequentially connected with the first-stage heat exchanger (2) and the fourth-stage heat exchanger (4) to form a circulating waterway.
7. A compressed air energy storage cogeneration system preheated by geothermal energy according to claim 1, wherein said expansion train comprises a first stage expander (16) and a third stage expander (20); the compression heat exchanger unit comprises a first-stage compression heat exchanger (15) and a third-stage compression heat exchanger (19), and the cold energy heat exchanger unit comprises a first-stage cold energy heat exchanger (13) and a third-stage cold energy heat exchanger (17); the geothermal heat exchanger unit comprises a first-stage geothermal heat exchanger (14) and a third-stage geothermal heat exchanger (18); the output end of the high-pressure air storage tank (10) is connected to the input end of the first-stage cold energy heat exchanger (13); the output end of the first-stage cold energy heat exchanger (13) is connected to the input end of the first-stage geothermal heat exchanger (14), the output end of the first-stage geothermal heat exchanger (14) is connected to the input end of the first-stage compression heat exchanger (15), the output end of the first-stage compression heat exchanger (15) is connected to the input end of the first-stage expander (16), the output end of the first-stage expander (16) is connected to the input end of the third-stage cold energy heat exchanger (17), the output end of the third-stage cold energy heat exchanger (17) is connected to the input end of the third-stage geothermal heat exchanger (18), the output end of the third-stage geothermal heat exchanger (18) is connected to the input end of the third-stage compression heat exchanger (19), the output end of the third-stage compression heat exchanger (19) is connected to the third-stage expander (20), and the output end of the third-stage expander (20) is connected to the outlet cold energy heat exchanger (21).
8. The compressed air energy storage combined cooling, heating and power system preheated by utilizing geothermal energy according to claim 7, wherein the first-stage geothermal heat exchanger (14) and the third-stage geothermal heat exchanger (18) are in circulating connection, the first-stage cold energy heat exchanger (13) and the third-stage cold energy heat exchanger (17) are in circulating connection with the outlet cold energy heat exchanger (21), and the first-stage compressed heat exchanger (15) and the third-stage compressed heat exchanger (19) are in circulating connection with the outlet cold energy heat exchanger (21).
9. The compressed air energy storage combined cooling heating and power system utilizing geothermal energy for preheating according to claim 1, wherein the geothermal energy heat collecting subsystem is a coaxial sleeve type geothermal heat collecting device, the coaxial sleeve type geothermal heat collecting device is buried in a rock stratum (26), a backfill material (25) is buried between the coaxial sleeve type geothermal heat collecting device and the rock stratum (26), and the coaxial sleeve type geothermal heat collecting device is in circulating connection with a geothermal heat exchanger unit.
10. A compressed air energy storage cogeneration system that utilizes geothermal energy to preheat according to claim 9, wherein the coaxial sleeve geothermal acquisition device comprises a coaxial sleeve geothermal well inner tube (23) and a coaxial sleeve geothermal well outer tube (24); the outer pipe (24) of the geothermal well of the coaxial sleeve is buried in a rock soil layer (26), a backfill material (25) is buried between the outer pipe and the rock soil layer (26), the inner pipe (23) of the geothermal well of the coaxial sleeve is sleeved in the outer pipe (24) of the geothermal well of the coaxial sleeve, wherein the output end of the inner pipe (23) of the geothermal well of the coaxial sleeve is connected to the input end of the geothermal heat exchanger unit through a second water pump (22), and the input end of the outer pipe (24) of the geothermal well of the coaxial sleeve is connected to the output end of the geothermal heat exchanger unit.
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