CN117564522A - Control method for surfacing deformation of tube plate and tube plate - Google Patents
Control method for surfacing deformation of tube plate and tube plate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117564522A CN117564522A CN202311810273.8A CN202311810273A CN117564522A CN 117564522 A CN117564522 A CN 117564522A CN 202311810273 A CN202311810273 A CN 202311810273A CN 117564522 A CN117564522 A CN 117564522A
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- tube plate
- tube
- deformation
- overlaying
- plate
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 equipment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005552 hardfacing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/003—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to controlling of welding distortion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a control method for tube plate build-up welding deformation and a tube plate, wherein the control method for tube plate build-up welding deformation comprises the following steps: taking two tube plates with the same specification, and processing the surface to be overlaid of the tube plates into a shape of a tortoiseshell bulge to obtain a first tube plate and a second tube plate; rigidly fixing the first tube plate and the second tube plate back to form a workpiece; and (3) overlaying a transition layer on the surface to be overlaid of the first tube plate, turning over the workpiece, overlaying the transition layer on the surface to be overlaid of the second tube plate, turning over the workpiece again, overlaying a corrosion-resistant layer on the transition layer of the first tube plate, turning over the workpiece, and overlaying the corrosion-resistant layer on the transition layer of the second tube plate. By adopting the control method for the surfacing deformation of the tube plate, the flatness of the tube plate can be ensured to be within 5mm after the surfacing of the ultra-large tube plate with the outer diameter reaching 8510 mm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a control method for tube plate build-up welding deformation and a tube plate.
Background
In the chemical industry, a heat exchanger is widely used equipment, when the media flowing through a tube side and a shell side of the heat exchanger have different corrosivity, two surfaces of a tube plate of the heat exchanger are required to have different corrosion resistance, and corrosion resistant materials and composite steel plates thereof can be selected when materials are designed and selected. To save money or reduce procurement cycles, weld overlay tube sheets are typically used to meet corrosion resistance requirements. The build-up welding is a welding process of cladding a wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, heat-resistant metal layer on the surface or edge of a workpiece.
Welding to increase or restore weldment size, or to obtain deposited metal with specific properties on the weldment surface, is known as hardfacing. Build-up welding, which is an economical and rapid process for modifying the surface of materials, is increasingly being used in the manufacture and repair of parts in various industrial sectors. The large-area overlaying of the heat exchanger tube plates in the chemical industry, oil refining and other equipment ensures the design strength of the equipment and the corrosion resistance requirement of the medium contact surface. However, the very complex residual stress caused by the welding thermal cycle causes very complex geometric deformation of the base material. In chemical industry, oil refining and other equipment, austenitic stainless steel is usually deposited on a large-diameter round tube plate, and after the austenitic stainless steel is deposited, the austenitic stainless steel is formed into a shape with the center of the tube plate at one side of the deposited steel concave downwards and the edge of the tube plate tilted upwards. The large-sized tube plate is large in diameter and thin in thickness, and the tube plate overlaying welding is often increased along with the increase of the diameter of the round tube plate, so that the deformation is increased, and the planeness of the tube plate is out of tolerance. The flatness of the tube plate does not meet the requirement, so that the depth processing of the groove of the tube plate is not uniform easily, and the welding quality of the tube plate joint is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problem that the tube plate overlaying is often increased along with the increase of the diameter of the round tube plate due to the large diameter and the thinner thickness of the large tube plate, so that the deformation is increased, and the planeness of the tube plate is out of tolerance.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a control method for tube plate build-up welding deformation, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, two tube plates with the same specification are taken, and the surface to be overlaid of the tube plates is processed into a tortoiseshell convex shape, so that a first tube plate and a second tube plate are obtained;
s2, rigidly fixing the first tube plate and the second tube plate back to form a workpiece;
s3, overlaying a transition layer on the surface to be overlaid of the first tube plate, turning over the workpiece, overlaying the transition layer on the surface to be overlaid of the second tube plate, turning over the workpiece again, overlaying a corrosion-resistant layer on the transition layer of the first tube plate, turning over the workpiece, and overlaying the corrosion-resistant layer on the transition layer of the second tube plate.
Preferably, in the step S3, the build-up welding adopts an inner-to-outer annular build-up welding method.
Preferably, in the step S2, the back-to-back rigid fixing of the first tube plate and the second tube plate includes: and the arc-shaped clamp is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the joint of the first tube plate and the second tube plate, and the arc-shaped clamp is fixedly connected with the first tube plate and the second tube plate respectively.
Preferably, the arc clamps have a plurality and are symmetrically distributed along the circumference of the first tube plate and the second tube plate.
Preferably, the arc clamps are fixedly connected with the first tube plate and the second tube plate respectively in a fillet welding mode.
Preferably, the step S3 further includes: and performing PWHT heat treatment on the workpiece after the surfacing is finished.
Preferably, the temperature of the PWHT heat treatment is 606-634 ℃ and the time is 2-4h.
Preferably, in the step S1, the thicknesses of the "tortoiseshell" protrusions of the surfaces to be surfacing of the first tube plate and the second tube plate are obtained through finite element analysis.
Preferably, in the step S1, the outer diameters of the first tube plate and the second tube plate are 8400-8600mm, and the maximum thickness is 350-370mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the reverse deformation is reserved by processing the surface to be overlaid of the tube plate into the shape of the tortoiseshell, so that the deformation of the tube plate in the overlaying process can be counteracted; the rigidity of the workpiece can be increased by rigidly fixing the two tube plates back to back, the deformation of the tube plates in the overlaying process is further reduced, each tube plate is overlaid in two layers, and the overlaying process of the two tube plates is alternately carried out, so that the welding stress can be effectively reduced, and the deformation caused by the overlaying of the tube plates is greatly reduced. By adopting the control method for the surfacing deformation of the tube plate, the flatness of the tube plate can be ensured to be within 5mm after the surfacing of the ultra-large tube plate with the outer diameter reaching 8510 mm.
The invention also provides a tube plate which is manufactured by adopting the tube plate overlaying deformation control method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling the deformation of a tube sheet during build-up welding in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a first tube sheet and a second tube sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a tubesheet after build-up welding in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a finite element model diagram constructed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a simulation result of deflection deformation of a pipe plate during overlay welding in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a structure in which a first tube plate and a second tube plate are rigidly fixed by an arc clamp in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of flatness measurements of an upper tube sheet product in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of flatness measurements of a lower tube sheet product in an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. the first tube plate, 2, the second tube plate, 3 and the arc fixture.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
It should be noted that, without conflict, features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other. The terms "comprising," "including," "containing," and "having" are intended to be non-limiting, as other steps and other ingredients not affecting the result may be added. The above terms encompass the terms "consisting of … …" and "consisting essentially of … …". Materials, equipment, reagents are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for controlling the overlay welding deformation of a tube plate, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, two tube plates with the same specification are taken, the surface to be overlaid of the tube plates is processed into a tortoiseshell convex shape, a first tube plate 1 and a second tube plate 2 are obtained, and FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the first tube plate 1 and the second tube plate 2;
s2, rigidly fixing the first tube plate 1 and the second tube plate 2 back to form a workpiece;
s3, overlaying a transition layer on the surface to be overlaid of the first tube plate 1, turning over the workpiece, overlaying the transition layer on the surface to be overlaid of the second tube plate 2, turning over the workpiece again, overlaying a corrosion-resistant layer on the transition layer of the first tube plate 1, turning over the workpiece, and overlaying the corrosion-resistant layer on the transition layer of the second tube plate 2. FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the tube sheet after build-up welding.
Compared with the prior art, in the embodiment of the invention, the surface to be overlaid of the tube plate is processed into the shape of the tortoiseshell bulge, namely the surface to be overlaid is processed into the convex cambered surface, and the reverse deformation is reserved, so that the deformation of the tube plate in the overlaying process can be counteracted; the rigidity of the workpiece can be increased by rigidly fixing the two tube plates back to back, so that the deformation of the tube plates in the overlaying process is further reduced; and each tube plate is uniformly divided into two layers of overlaying, and the overlaying processes of the two tube plates are alternately performed, so that the welding stress can be effectively reduced, and the deformation caused by tube plate overlaying is greatly reduced. By adopting the control method for the surfacing deformation of the tube plate, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, the flatness of the tube plate can be ensured to be within 5mm after the surfacing of the ultra-large tube plate with the outer diameter reaching 8510 mm.
The first tube plate 1 and the second tube plate 2 are rigidly fixed back to back, wherein "back to back" means that a side surface of the first tube plate 1 and the second tube plate 2 facing away from the surface to be deposited is abutted together. The maximum thickness of the first tube sheet 1 and the second tube sheet 2 refers to the distance from the tip of the "tortoiseshell" projection to the surface of the side thereof facing away from the surface to be bead-welded. In the embodiment of the present invention, in the step S1, the thicknesses of the "tortoiseshell" protrusions on the surface to be surfacing of the first tube plate 1 and the second tube plate 2 are obtained through finite element analysis. Specifically, a stress analysis model is built according to the symmetry of the device structure and the load. Firstly, the tube plate is of a central symmetrical structure, and can be cut off to establish a half tube plate calculation model. The circumferential rotation symmetry of the tube plate is adopted, and 1/4 of the circumferential direction of the tube plate is taken to establish a final calculation model in order to ensure calculation accuracy. The software used for calculation was ANSYS11.0 and a finite element model was built as shown in fig. 4. The solid plate equivalent without hole equivalent is adopted to replace the three-dimensional solid model in the stress calculation, and the calculation efficiency can be greatly improved under the premise of meeting the calculation precision. The simulation results of the deflection deformation of the pipe plate build-up welding are shown in fig. 5 by adopting finite element simulation calculation. According to the finite element simulation result, the shape and specific size of the tortoiseshell protrusion of the surface to be overlaid of the first tube plate 1 and the second tube plate 2 can be determined by combining the previous welding experience.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in the step S3, the build-up welding adopts an inner-outer annular build-up welding manner. The internal-external annular overlaying mode is adopted, so that the shrinkage stress of the prior overlaying is constrained by the rigidity of the non-overlaying material at the edge, and the upward deflection deformation of the edge is reduced, thereby being beneficial to reducing the deformation of the tube plate.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, in the step S2, the step of rigidly fixing the first tube plate 1 and the second tube plate 2 back to back includes: and the arc-shaped clamp 3 is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the joint of the first tube plate 1 and the second tube plate 2, and the arc-shaped clamp 3 is fixedly connected with the first tube plate 1 and the second tube plate 2 respectively.
In the embodiment of the invention, the arc clamps 3 are symmetrically distributed along the circumferential direction of the first tube plate 1 and the second tube plate 2. The method is beneficial to more uniform stress in the overlaying process after the first tube plate 1 and the second tube plate 2 are rigidly fixed.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the arc clamps 3 are fixedly connected with the first tube plate 1 and the second tube plate 2 respectively by fillet welding.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step S3 further includes: and performing PWHT heat treatment on the workpiece after the surfacing is finished. The PWHT heat treatment is aimed at eliminating the welding residual stress.
In the embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the PWHT heat treatment is 606-634 ℃ and the time is 2-4h.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in the step S1, the outer diameters of the first tube plate 1 and the second tube plate 2 are 8400-8600mm, and the maximum thickness is 350-370mm.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a tube plate which is manufactured by adopting the tube plate overlaying deformation control method.
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental methods, which do not address specific conditions in the following examples, are generally in accordance with the conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
Examples
A1, taking two tube plates with the same specification, and processing the surface to be overlaid of the tube plates into a tortoiseshell convex shape to obtain an upper tube plate and a lower tube plate; wherein, the external diameter of upper tube plate and lower tube plate is 8510mm, and thickness is 360mm.
A2, rigidly fixing the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate back to back through an arc clamp to form a workpiece.
A3, overlaying a transition layer on the surface to be overlaid of the upper tube plate, turning over the workpiece, overlaying the transition layer on the surface to be overlaid of the lower tube plate, performing PT flaw detection, turning over the workpiece again, overlaying a corrosion-resistant layer on the transition layer of the upper tube plate, turning over the workpiece, and overlaying the corrosion-resistant layer on the transition layer of the lower tube plate.
A4, carrying out PWHT heat treatment on the workpiece, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 620 ℃ and the time is 3h.
And A5, performing PT and UT flaw detection on the PWHT heat treatment, and dismantling the arc-shaped clamps to obtain an upper tube plate product and a lower tube plate product.
Flatness measurement data for the upper tube sheet product and the lower tube sheet product obtained in the examples are shown in fig. 7 (upper tube sheet product) and fig. 8 (lower tube sheet product). As can be seen from FIG. 7, the difference between the high and low points of the upper tube plate product is 3.7mm, and the difference between the high and low points of the lower tube plate product is 2.45mm, and the flatness of the tube plate subjected to overlaying is less than 5mm by adopting the control method for the overlay welding deformation of the tube plate in the embodiment of the invention.
In addition, although the present disclosure is disclosed above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and these changes and modifications will fall within the scope of the disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. The control method for the surfacing deformation of the tube plate is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, two tube plates with the same specification are taken, and the surface to be overlaid of the tube plates is processed into a tortoiseshell convex shape, so that a first tube plate (1) and a second tube plate (2) are obtained;
s2, rigidly fixing the first tube plate (1) and the second tube plate (2) back to form a workpiece;
s3, overlaying a transition layer on the surface to be overlaid of the first tube plate (1), turning over the workpiece, overlaying the transition layer on the surface to be overlaid of the second tube plate (2), turning over the workpiece again, overlaying a corrosion-resistant layer on the transition layer of the first tube plate (1), turning over the workpiece, and overlaying the corrosion-resistant layer on the transition layer of the second tube plate (2).
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the build-up welding is performed in an inner-outer annular build-up welding manner.
3. The method for controlling the overlay welding deformation of the tube sheet according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the back-to-back rigid fixation of the first tube sheet (1) and the second tube sheet (2) comprises: and the arc-shaped clamp (3) is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the joint of the first tube plate (1) and the second tube plate (2), and the arc-shaped clamp (3) is fixedly connected with the first tube plate (1) and the second tube plate (2) respectively.
4. A method of controlling weld overlay deformation of a tube sheet according to claim 3, characterized in that the arc clamps (3) are a plurality and symmetrically distributed along the circumference of the first tube sheet (1) and the second tube sheet (2).
5. The method for controlling the overlay welding deformation of the tube plates according to claim 4, wherein the arc clamps (3) are fixedly connected with the first tube plate (1) and the second tube plate (2) respectively in a fillet welding mode.
6. The method for controlling overlay welding deformation of a tube sheet according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 further comprises: and performing PWHT heat treatment on the workpiece after the surfacing is finished.
7. The method for controlling the overlay welding deformation of the tube plate according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the PWHT heat treatment is 606-634 ℃ and the time is 2-4h.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the thickness of the "tortoiseshell" protrusion of the surface to be overlaid of the first tube sheet (1) and the second tube sheet (2) is obtained by finite element analysis.
9. The method for controlling the overlay welding deformation of the tube plates according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the outer diameter of the first tube plate (1) and the second tube plate (2) is 8400-8600mm, and the maximum thickness is 350-370mm.
10. A tube sheet produced by the method of controlling weld overlay deformation of a tube sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311810273.8A CN117564522A (en) | 2023-12-26 | 2023-12-26 | Control method for surfacing deformation of tube plate and tube plate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311810273.8A CN117564522A (en) | 2023-12-26 | 2023-12-26 | Control method for surfacing deformation of tube plate and tube plate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117564522A true CN117564522A (en) | 2024-02-20 |
Family
ID=89861015
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311810273.8A Pending CN117564522A (en) | 2023-12-26 | 2023-12-26 | Control method for surfacing deformation of tube plate and tube plate |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117564522A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-12-26 CN CN202311810273.8A patent/CN117564522A/en active Pending
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