CN117563502A - Array type phase-change heat-transfer and hydrogen-storage reactor - Google Patents

Array type phase-change heat-transfer and hydrogen-storage reactor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117563502A
CN117563502A CN202311484772.2A CN202311484772A CN117563502A CN 117563502 A CN117563502 A CN 117563502A CN 202311484772 A CN202311484772 A CN 202311484772A CN 117563502 A CN117563502 A CN 117563502A
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China
Prior art keywords
storage
hydrogen
side wall
phase
tank body
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CN202311484772.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
叶阳
周德强
程宏辉
刘晶晶
严凯
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Yangzhou University
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Yangzhou University
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Priority to CN202311484772.2A priority Critical patent/CN117563502A/en
Publication of CN117563502A publication Critical patent/CN117563502A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J19/0013—Controlling the temperature of the process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0053—Details of the reactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0053—Details of the reactor
    • B01J19/0073—Sealings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
    • B01J19/2425—Tubular reactors in parallel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J3/002—Component parts of these vessels not mentioned in B01J3/004, B01J3/006, B01J3/02 - B01J3/08; Measures taken in conjunction with the process to be carried out, e.g. safety measures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J3/03—Pressure vessels, or vacuum vessels, having closure members or seals specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J3/04—Pressure vessels, e.g. autoclaves
    • B01J3/042—Pressure vessels, e.g. autoclaves in the form of a tube
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
    • B01J2219/00076—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements inside the reactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00132—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements
    • B01J2219/00135—Electric resistance heaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/0015—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means
    • B01J2219/00155—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means using insulating materials or refractories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00162—Controlling or regulating processes controlling the pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00245—Avoiding undesirable reactions or side-effects
    • B01J2219/0027—Pressure relief

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage reactors, and discloses an array type phase-change heat-transfer hydrogen storage reactor which comprises a reaction tank and a hydrogen storage unit, wherein the reaction tank comprises a tank body, a tank cover matched with the opening of the tank body, a storage plate arranged in an inner cavity of the tank body, and a phase-change composite material filled in the inner cavity of the tank body and fully contacted with the storage plate; a hydrogen storage unit placed in the storage plate, comprising a bracket, a storage cylinder placed on the bracket, and a hydrogen storage material placed in the storage cylinder; according to the invention, the placing cylinders are distributed in an array mode and are coated by the phase-change composite material, so that the surface area of the storage plate is increased under the condition that the volume of the reaction material is unchanged, the contact area between the hydrogen storage material and the phase-change composite material is increased, and the heat transfer performance and the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate in the reaction process of the hydrogen storage material are greatly enhanced.

Description

Array type phase-change heat-transfer and hydrogen-storage reactor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage reactors, in particular to an array type phase-change heat transfer hydrogen storage reactor.
Background
Hydrogen energy utilization is one of the important energy strategic directions to achieve "carbon peaking" and "carbon neutralization". In order to further promote the utilization of hydrogen energy, a safe and efficient hydrogen storage technology is urgent. Currently, there are three main hydrogen storage states: high pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, low temperature liquid hydrogen storage, and solid hydrogen storage based on chemisorption of the hydrogen storage material. Solid-state hydrogen storage is considered as one of the important development directions of future hydrogen storage technologies because of the advantages of high volume hydrogen storage density, strong safety and stability, convenience in large-scale storage and transportation, and the like.
However, in hydrogen storage reactors, the hydrogen absorption and desorption process requires management of heat and mass transfer, which is a challenge. To solve this problem, current research is focused on thermal management by configuring various types of heat exchangers and using heat transfer fluids. Through experiments and numerical simulation researches, scholars explore the application of heat exchangers such as finned tubes, spiral tubes, micro-channels and the like in hydrogen storage reactors. Research results show that the heat transfer coefficient and the heat exchange area of the heat exchanger are increased, so that the heat transfer of reaction heat can be effectively enhanced, and the speed of hydrogen absorption and desorption reactions can be accelerated.
For example, the reactors employing branched microchannel heat exchangers have 77%, 52% and 37% reduced hydrogen absorption times, respectively, compared to reactors without heat exchangers, with straight tube heat exchangers, and with spiral tube heat exchangers. However, high performance heat exchangers can complicate the reactor structure, for example, the complex microchannels in microchannel heat exchangers can be damaged by reactor bed expansion deformation and stress strain effects. In addition, in the hydrogen absorption process of the current hydrogen storage system, the reaction heat is directly discharged through the heat exchange fluid, so that the energy utilization rate is low.
Thus, although metal hydride hydrogen storage devices have advantages, there are still some short plates. Improving the reactor structure may further enhance the heat transfer performance and the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate to increase the efficiency and performance of the hydrogen storage system. With respect to the development of hydrogen energy utilization and hydrogen storage technologies, researchers are continually struggling to achieve safe and efficient hydrogen energy utilization, pushing the achievement of the goals of "peak-of-carbon" and "carbon neutralization".
Disclosure of Invention
This section is intended to outline some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section as well as in the description summary and in the title of the application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the description summary and the title of the invention, which should not be used to limit the scope of the invention.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems with the existing hydrogen storage reactors.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide an array type phase-change heat-transfer hydrogen storage reactor which is used for solving the problems of poor heat transfer performance and low hydrogen absorption and desorption rate of the existing hydrogen storage reactor.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the array type phase-change heat-transfer hydrogen storage reactor comprises a reaction tank and a hydrogen storage unit, wherein the reaction tank comprises a tank body, a tank cover matched with the opening of the tank body, a storage plate arranged in the inner cavity of the tank body, and a phase-change composite material filled in the tank body cavity and fully contacted with the storage plate; the hydrogen storage unit is arranged in the storage plate and comprises a bracket, a storage barrel arranged on the bracket and a hydrogen storage material arranged in the storage barrel.
As a preferable scheme of the array type phase-change heat-transfer and hydrogen-storage reactor, the invention comprises the following steps: the storage plate comprises a placing plate and a placing cylinder connected to the axial side wall of the placing plate, and an opening of the placing cylinder is positioned on the side wall of the placing plate; the placing cylinders are provided with a plurality of groups and are uniformly distributed.
As a preferable scheme of the array type phase-change heat-transfer and hydrogen-storage reactor, the invention comprises the following steps: the melting point of the phase-change composite material is between the reaction equilibrium temperature corresponding to the pressure of the hydrogen storage material during the hydrogen absorption reaction and the hydrogen release reaction, and the melting point of the phase-change composite material is higher than the initial temperature of the hydrogen absorption reaction of the hydrogen storage material.
As a preferable scheme of the array type phase-change heat-transfer and hydrogen-storage reactor, the invention comprises the following steps: a baffle is arranged at the opening of the storage barrel, and through holes are formed in the bottom of the storage barrel and the middle of the baffle; the storage cylinders are connected in series on the middle column of the bracket through the through holes, and a plurality of groups are connected in series continuously.
As a preferable scheme of the array type phase-change heat-transfer and hydrogen-storage reactor, the invention comprises the following steps: the side wall of the tank cover is connected with an air inlet and outlet pipe through an air inlet and outlet opening, is connected with a communicating pipe through an opened communicating hole, and is connected with a pressure sensor and a pressure relief valve.
As a preferable scheme of the array type phase-change heat-transfer and hydrogen-storage reactor, the invention comprises the following steps: an external thread is arranged on the outer side wall of the opening of the tank body, and a first placing table and a second placing table are arranged on the inner ring side wall of the opening of the tank body; a first concave cavity is formed in the side wall of the inner ring of the first placing table; the placing plate is matched with the table top of the second placing table.
As a preferable scheme of the array type phase-change heat-transfer and hydrogen-storage reactor, the invention comprises the following steps: an inner thread and a limit groove are arranged on the radial inner side wall of the bottom of the tank cover; an inner ring block is further arranged at the bottom of the tank cover, and a second concave cavity is formed in the outer circumferential side wall of the inner ring block; an inserting cavity is formed between the edge of the tank cover and the inner ring block, and the first placing table can be inserted into the inserting cavity in a matching manner; and a thermowell is further arranged on the side wall of the tank cover, and the end part of the thermowell extends into the tank body.
As a preferable scheme of the array type phase-change heat-transfer and hydrogen-storage reactor, the invention comprises the following steps: the sealing device also comprises a sealing limiting unit which is arranged inside and outside the side wall of the first placing table and comprises a sealing gas bag, a gas pipe communicated with the sealing gas bag, a limiting column contacted with the sealing gas bag and a reset spring sleeved on the limiting column.
As a preferable scheme of the array type phase-change heat-transfer and hydrogen-storage reactor, the invention comprises the following steps: the sealing gas crusty pancake is positioned between the first concave cavity and the second concave cavity, and the gas inlet end of the gas pipe is positioned on the side wall of the inner cavity of the tank body; the side wall of the first placing table is provided with a sliding groove, the middle of the sliding groove is also provided with a mounting groove, the limiting column slides in the sliding groove, one end of the reset spring is connected to the side wall of the limiting column, and the other end of the reset spring is connected to the side wall of the mounting groove.
As a preferable scheme of the array type phase-change heat-transfer and hydrogen-storage reactor, the invention comprises the following steps: the axial length of the limiting column is greater than that of the sliding groove, and when the limiting column is pushed completely, the end of the limiting column can be inserted into the limiting groove in a matched mode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the placing cylinders are distributed in an array mode and are coated by the phase-change composite material, so that the surface area of the storage plate is increased under the condition that the volume of the reaction material is unchanged, the contact area between the hydrogen storage material and the phase-change composite material is increased, and the heat transfer performance and the hydrogen absorption and release rate in the reaction process of the hydrogen storage material are greatly enhanced;
further through setting up sealed spacing unit between jar body and cover, when improving sealing performance, still improved the fastness of being connected between jar body and the cover greatly.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of an array type phase-change heat transfer and storage hydrogen storage reactor according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a semi-sectional perspective structure of an array type phase-change heat transfer and storage hydrogen storage reactor according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial F enlarged structure of the array type phase-change heat transfer and storage hydrogen storage reactor of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a tank body of the array type phase-change heat-transfer and hydrogen-storage reactor.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the back structure of a storage plate of the array type phase-change heat-transfer hydrogen storage reactor.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen storage unit structure of an array type phase change heat transfer and storage hydrogen reactor according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the overall semi-sectional plane structure of the array type phase-change heat transfer and storage hydrogen storage reactor of the invention.
Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the part P in fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of the partial Q structure of fig. 8.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Further, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Further, in describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, the cross-sectional view of the device structure is not partially enlarged to a general scale for convenience of description, and the schematic is only an example, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in actual fabrication.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, for a first embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an array type phase-change heat transfer and storage hydrogen reactor, which comprises a reaction tank 100 and a hydrogen storage unit 200, wherein the reaction tank 100 is a high pressure tank body for hydrogen storage; the hydrogen storage unit 200 is installed in the reaction tank 100, and is fully contacted with the phase change composite material arranged in the reaction tank 100, so that the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate of the hydrogen storage material is greatly improved in the efficient heat exchange process.
Specifically, the reaction tank 100 includes a tank body 101, a tank cover 102 cooperatively disposed at an opening of the tank body 101, a storage plate 103 disposed in an inner cavity of the tank body 101, and a phase change composite material 104 filled in the inner cavity of the tank body 101 and fully contacted with the storage plate 103; the tank body 1 is a main shell part of the reaction tank 100, a cavity for containing the phase change composite material 104 is formed in the main shell part, an opening is formed at the upper end of the tank body 1, and a tank cover 102 matched with the opening is arranged at the opening; the storage plate 103 is used for containing the hydrogen storage unit 200, and is in contact with the phase change composite material 104 for heat exchange.
A hydrogen storage unit 200 placed in the storage plate 103 and including a bracket 201, a storage cylinder 202 placed on the bracket 201, and a hydrogen storage material 203 placed in the storage cylinder 202; wherein the bracket 201 is used for combined placement of the storage cylinders 202, and the storage cylinders 202 are used for placement of the hydrogen storage material 203, and the hydrogen storage material 203 is used for storing hydrogen and releasing hydrogen.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, a second embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that: the storage plate 103 includes a placement plate 103a and a placement cylinder 103b connected to an axial side wall of the placement plate 103a, and an opening of the placement cylinder 103b is located on the side wall of the placement plate 103 a; the placing cylinders 103b are provided with several groups and are uniformly distributed.
Specifically, the storage plate 103 may be an integral plate structure, and is divided into a plate body plane portion and a cylinder portion protruding from the plane portion, that is, a placement plate 103a and a placement cylinder 103b, where the placement plate 103a is used for integrally placing the plate, and the placement cylinder 103b is used for placing the hydrogen storage unit 200; further, the placing cylinders 103b are provided with a plurality of groups, are uniformly distributed on one side of the plate surface of the placing plate 103a, and the placing cylinders 103b are mutually independent and have gaps between the connected cylinders. It should be noted that, the storage plate 103 is preferably made of a material having good heat-conducting property.
The phase-change composite material 104 is filled in the inner cavity of the tank body 101 and at least completely covers the cylinder body part of the placing cylinder 103b in the storage plate 103, so that the hydrogen storage unit 200 can quickly exchange heat with the phase-change composite material 104; it should be noted that, the melting point of the phase-change composite material 104 needs to be between the reaction equilibrium temperatures corresponding to the pressures of the hydrogen absorption reaction and the hydrogen release reaction of the hydrogen storage material 203, and the melting point of the phase-change composite material 104 needs to be higher than the initial temperature of the hydrogen absorption reaction of the hydrogen storage material 203, so that the phase-change composite material 104 absorbs the reaction heat and heats up to melt in the hydrogen absorption reaction process, and the phase-change composite material 104 supplies heat to the hydrogen storage material 203 and cools down to solidify in the hydrogen release reaction.
Furthermore, the outer surface of the tank body 101 is provided with a heat insulation material, so that the temperature in the tank body 101 is reduced, heat dissipation is facilitated, the energy utilization rate of the device is improved, and scalding of the tank body 101 to an external object is prevented.
In the inner cavity of the tank 101, a heating unit is further arranged, and the heating unit comprises a plurality of heating wires S uniformly distributed in the phase-change composite material 104, so that the phase-change composite material 104 can be synchronously and uniformly heated, and each heating wire is connected into a heating circuit in parallel by a wire and is powered by an external power supply.
The hydrogen storage unit 200 has hydrogen storage tube strings corresponding to the number of storage tubes 202, each of which includes a bracket 201, a plurality of sets of storage tubes 202 connected in series to the bracket 201, and a hydrogen storage material 203 filled in the storage tubes 202.
A baffle 202a is arranged at the opening of the storage barrel 202, and through holes K are formed in the bottom of the storage barrel 202 and the middle of the baffle 202 a; the storage cylinders 202 are connected in series to the center column 201a of the bracket 201 through the through holes K, and are connected in series with a plurality of groups.
The hydrogen storage material 203 filled in the storage barrel 202 is a hydrogen storage material compact body with high heat conduction and high volume hydrogen storage density, so that the heat transfer can be enhanced, the hydrogen storage density of the reactor can be improved, the pulverization expansion phenomenon of the hydrogen storage material after the cyclic hydrogen absorption and release can be effectively reduced, and the efficient hydrogen absorption and release process under a stable structure can be realized. During the hydrogen absorption and desorption process, hydrogen diffuses from the surface of the hydrogen storage material to the inside thereof, and reaction heat is transferred between the phase change composite material 104 and the hydrogen storage material 203 through the reactor tank.
Further, an air inlet and outlet pipe 102a is connected to the side wall of the can lid 102 through an air inlet and outlet opening, a communication pipe 102b is connected to the side wall of the can lid through an open communication hole, and a pressure sensor 102c and a pressure release valve 102d are connected to the communication pipe 102 b. The air inlet and outlet pipe 102a is used for pumping hydrogen in the hydrogen absorption process and discharging hydrogen in the hydrogen discharge process. The communicating pipe 102b is used for connecting the pressure sensor 102c and the pressure relief valve 102d, and is used for communicating the inner cavity of the reactor so as to monitor the change of the hydrogen pressure in the tank body, and when the pressure exceeds the safety pressure range, the pressure can be relieved in time through the pressure relief valve 102d.
A thermowell 102h is further provided on the sidewall of the can lid 102, and an end of the thermowell 102h extends inside the can 101 to monitor a temperature change in the storage tank during the hydrogen absorption and desorption process.
The tank body 101 is connected with the tank cover 102 through threaded fit, specifically, an external thread 101a is arranged on the outer side wall of the opening of the tank body 101, and a first placing table 101b and a second placing table 101c are arranged on the inner ring side wall of the opening; a first concave cavity A is arranged on the side wall of the inner ring of the first placing table 101 b; the placing plate 103a is cooperatively placed at the table top of the second placing table 101 c.
An inner thread 102e and a limit groove 102f are arranged on the radial inner side wall of the bottom of the tank cover 102; the bottom of the tank cover 102 is also provided with an inner ring block 102gg, and the outer circumferential side wall of the inner ring block 102ga is provided with a second concave cavity B; an inserting cavity C is formed between the edge of the tank cover 102 and the inner ring block 102g, and the first placing table 101b can be inserted into the inserting cavity C in a matching manner.
The first placing table 101B is located on the opening side wall of the tank body 101, and the first cavity a on the inner ring side wall corresponds to the second cavity B on the side wall of the inner ring block 102ga, and the first cavity a and the second cavity B are combined together to form a containing cavity for placing and installing the sealing airbag 301 in the sealing limiting unit 300. The corrugated grooves are provided at the end positions of the first placing table 101b and the second placing table 101C, and at the end positions of the inner ring block 102ga and at the bottom of the groove of the insertion cavity C. Through the arrangement of the ripple grooves, the contact distance of the surfaces in the same interval can be effectively increased, and the tightness is further improved.
The rest of the structure is the same as that of embodiment 1.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 2, 3, 8 and 9, a third embodiment of the present invention is different from the second embodiment in that: the joint of the can 101 and the can cover 102 is further provided with a sealing limit unit 300 for improving the sealing performance of the joint of the can 101 and the can cover 102 and limiting the joint of the can cover 102 when the can is in high-pressure sealing, so that the can is prevented from being opened by trade and accidents are prevented.
Specifically, the sealing and limiting unit 300 is disposed inside and outside the sidewall of the first placement stage 101b, and includes a sealing airbag 301, an air pipe 302 communicating with the sealing airbag 301, a limiting post 303 contacting with the sealing airbag 301, and a return spring 304 sleeved on the limiting post 303.
The sealing air bag 301 is positioned between the first concave cavity A and the second concave cavity B, and the air inlet end of the air pipe 302 is positioned on the side wall of the inner cavity of the tank body 101; the side wall of the first placing table 101b is provided with a sliding groove 101b-1, the middle part of the sliding groove 101b-1 is also provided with a mounting groove 101b-2, the limiting column 303 slides in the sliding groove 101b-1, one end of the return spring 304 is connected to the side wall of the limiting column 303, and the other end is connected to the side wall of the mounting groove 101 b-2.
The axial length of the limiting post 303 is greater than that of the sliding groove 101b-1, and when the limiting post 303 is pushed completely, the end of the limiting post 303 can be inserted into the limiting groove 102f in a matching manner.
Further, compared with embodiment 2, the sealing air bag 301 is annular and is arranged in the first concave cavity A, and the air pipe 302 is communicated with the sealing air bag 301 for inflating and deflating the air bag; the sealing air bag 301 is a hose, and is embedded in the side wall of the first placing table 101b, the air inlet of the hose is communicated with the inner cavity of the tank body 101 and is contacted with hydrogen in the tank body 101, namely, after high-pressure hydrogen is filled in the tank, the sealing air bag 301 starts to play a sealing role. The limiting columns 303 are uniformly provided with a plurality of groups along the circumferential direction of the sealing airbag 301, one end of each limiting column 303 is in contact with the outer surface of the sealing airbag 301, the other end of each limiting column 303 extends into the sliding groove 101b-1, the middle part of each limiting column 303 is provided with a flange T and is limited in the mounting groove 101b-2, one end of the return spring 304 is connected to the side wall of the flange T, and the other end of the return spring 304 is connected to the side wall of the mounting groove 101b-2 and is used for keeping the limiting column 303 at an initial position.
When the limit post 303 is at the initial position, the end of the limit post 303 is always located in the sliding groove 101b-1, and the other end extends in the first cavity a. When the sealing airbag 301 is filled with hydrogen, the accommodating cavity between the first cavity a and the second cavity B is filled with the expanding airbag, the pushing force given by the airbag is larger than the elastic force of the return spring 304, the limiting post 303 is pushed to slide in the sliding groove 101B-1, and then the end part extends out of the notch of the sliding groove 101B-1 and is inserted into the limiting groove 102f at the bottom of the can cover 102, and at this time, the can cover 102 cannot be driven by threads to form a firm connection state. Only when the pressure in the can 101 drops to a predetermined pressure value, the pushing force given by the air bag is smaller than the elastic force of the return spring 304, the limit post 303 will be pulled back to the initial position by the return spring 304, and the separation of the can lid 102 and the can 301 can be driven again by the screw.
The rest of the structure is the same as that of embodiment 2.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, in the process of assembling, the hydrogen storage material 203 is pressed into blocks, the blocks are placed in the storage cylinders 202, a plurality of groups of stacked storage cylinders 202 are connected in series through the bracket 201, a hydrogen storage cylinder string is placed in each placement cylinder 103b, after each placement cylinder 103b is fully filled, the whole storage plate 103 is placed at the second placement table 101c in the tank 101, each placement cylinder 103b is immersed in the phase-change composite material 104, after the tank 101 is placed inside, the tank cover 102 is covered, the tank cover 102 is rotated, and the tank 101 and the tank cover 102 are connected into a whole through screw thread fit.
After the connection is completed, high-pressure hydrogen is injected into the reaction tank through the air inlet and outlet pipe 102a, the injection of the high-pressure hydrogen drives the sealing limiting unit 300 to act, the tightness of the tank connection is improved, and the firmness of the tank connection is prevented.
Examples of the embodiments
In this example, mg/MgH2 is used as the hydrogen storage material 203, and sodium nitrate (melting point 307 ℃ and latent heat of phase change of 174 kJ/kg) is selected as the phase change composite material 104 under the working conditions that the initial temperature is 300 ℃ and the hydrogen absorption pressure is 1.0MPa (corresponding reaction equilibrium temperature is 371 ℃) and the hydrogen release pressure is 0.1MPa (corresponding reaction equilibrium temperature is 280 ℃); when the hydrogen absorption pressure is increased to 3.0MPa (the corresponding reaction equilibrium temperature is 426 ℃), the phase-change composite material 104 can be selected from lithium sodium potassium carbonate ternary salt with a higher melting point (the melting point is 397 ℃ and the phase-change latent heat is 278 kJ/kg). Compared with sodium nitrate, the ternary salt of lithium sodium potassium carbonate has larger latent heat of phase change and can store more reaction heat.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An array phase change heat transfer and storage hydrogen reactor which is characterized in that: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
the reaction tank (100) comprises a tank body (101), a tank cover (102) matched with the opening of the tank body (101), a storage plate (103) arranged in the inner cavity of the tank body (101), and a phase change composite material (104) filled in the inner cavity of the tank body (101) and fully contacted with the storage plate (103);
a hydrogen storage unit (200) placed in the storage plate (103) and including a bracket (201), a storage cylinder (202) placed on the bracket (201), and a hydrogen storage material (203) placed in the storage cylinder (202).
2. The arrayed phase-change heat transfer and storage hydrogen reactor of claim 1, wherein: the storage plate (103) comprises a placement plate (103 a) and a placement cylinder (103 b) connected to the axial side wall of the placement plate (103 a), wherein an opening of the placement cylinder (103 b) is positioned on the side wall of the placement plate (103 a);
the placing cylinders (103 b) are provided with a plurality of groups and are uniformly distributed.
3. The arrayed phase-change heat transfer and storage hydrogen reactor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the melting point of the phase-change composite material (104) is between the reaction equilibrium temperature corresponding to the pressure of the hydrogen storage material (203) during the hydrogen absorption reaction and the hydrogen release reaction, and the melting point of the phase-change composite material (104) is higher than the initial temperature of the hydrogen absorption reaction of the hydrogen storage material (203).
4. The arrayed phase-change heat transfer and storage hydrogen reactor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: a partition plate (202 a) is arranged at the opening of the storage barrel (202), and through holes (K) are formed in the bottom of the storage barrel (202) and the middle of the partition plate (202 a);
the storage cylinders (202) are connected in series with the middle column (201 a) of the bracket (201) through the through holes (K), and a plurality of groups are connected in series continuously.
5. The arrayed phase-change heat transfer and storage hydrogen reactor according to claim 2, wherein: the side wall of the tank cover (102) is connected with an air inlet and outlet pipe (102 a) through an air inlet and outlet opening, is connected with a communicating pipe (102 b) through an opened communicating hole, and is connected with a pressure sensor (102 c) and a pressure relief valve (102 d) in the communicating pipe (102 b).
6. The arrayed phase-change heat transfer and storage hydrogen reactor according to claim 2 or 5, wherein: an external thread (101 a) is arranged on the outer side wall of the opening of the tank body (101), and a first placing table (101 b) and a second placing table (101 c) are arranged on the inner ring side wall of the opening of the tank body;
a first concave cavity (A) is formed in the side wall of the inner ring of the first placing table (101 b);
the placement plate (103 a) is matched and placed at the table top of the second placement table (101 c).
7. The arrayed phase-change heat transfer and storage hydrogen reactor of claim 6, wherein: an inner thread (102 e) and a limit groove (102 f) are arranged on the radial inner side wall of the bottom of the tank cover (102);
an inner ring block (102 g) is further arranged at the bottom of the tank cover (102), and a second concave cavity (B) is formed in the outer circumferential side wall of the inner ring block (102 g);
an inserting cavity (C) is formed between the edge of the tank cover (102) and the inner ring block (102 g), and the first placing table (101 b) can be inserted into the inserting cavity (C) in a matching manner;
a thermowell (102 h) is further arranged on the side wall of the tank cover (102), and the end part of the thermowell (102 h) extends into the tank body (101).
8. The arrayed phase-change heat transfer and storage hydrogen reactor of claim 7, wherein: the device further comprises a sealing limit unit (300) which is arranged inside and outside the side wall of the first placing table (101 b), and comprises a sealing air bag (301), an air pipe (302) communicated with the sealing air bag (301), a limit column (303) contacted with the sealing air bag (301) and a reset spring (304) sleeved on the limit column (303).
9. The arrayed phase-change heat transfer and storage hydrogen reactor of claim 8, wherein: the sealing air bag (301) is positioned between the first concave cavity (A) and the second concave cavity (B), and the air inlet end of the air pipe (302) is positioned on the side wall of the inner cavity of the tank body (101);
a sliding groove (101 b-1) is formed in the side wall of the first placing table (101 b), a mounting groove (101 b-2) is further formed in the middle of the sliding groove (101 b-1), the limiting column (303) slides in the sliding groove (101 b-1), one end of the reset spring (304) is connected to the side wall of the limiting column (303), and the other end of the reset spring is connected to the side wall of the mounting groove (101 b-2).
10. The arrayed phase-change heat transfer and storage hydrogen reactor of claim 9, wherein: the axial length of the limiting column (303) is greater than that of the sliding groove (101 b-1), and when the limiting column (303) is pushed completely, the end of the limiting column can be inserted into the limiting groove (102 f) in a matched mode.
CN202311484772.2A 2023-11-09 2023-11-09 Array type phase-change heat-transfer and hydrogen-storage reactor Pending CN117563502A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311484772.2A CN117563502A (en) 2023-11-09 2023-11-09 Array type phase-change heat-transfer and hydrogen-storage reactor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311484772.2A CN117563502A (en) 2023-11-09 2023-11-09 Array type phase-change heat-transfer and hydrogen-storage reactor

Publications (1)

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CN117563502A true CN117563502A (en) 2024-02-20

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Country Link
CN (1) CN117563502A (en)

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