CN117561131A - Continuous casting method of steel - Google Patents
Continuous casting method of steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN117561131A CN117561131A CN202280043667.2A CN202280043667A CN117561131A CN 117561131 A CN117561131 A CN 117561131A CN 202280043667 A CN202280043667 A CN 202280043667A CN 117561131 A CN117561131 A CN 117561131A
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- mass
- sliding nozzle
- molten steel
- nozzle plate
- steel
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 61
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 29
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910014458 Ca-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000565 Non-oriented electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000655 Killed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 MnS Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxozirconium Chemical compound [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011276 addition treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical class [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium sulfide Chemical compound [Ca]=S JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004453 electron probe microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/103—Distributing the molten metal, e.g. using runners, floats, distributors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
- B22D41/28—Plates therefor
- B22D41/30—Manufacturing or repairing thereof
- B22D41/32—Manufacturing or repairing thereof characterised by the materials used therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
- B22D41/42—Features relating to gas injection
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/03—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite
- C04B35/04—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite based on magnesium oxide
- C04B35/043—Refractories from grain sized mixtures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/101—Refractories from grain sized mixtures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Abstract
In a continuous casting method of steel, both of suppression of melting loss of a sliding nozzle plate of a ladle and a tundish and prevention of adhesion of inclusions to a tapping hole of the sliding nozzle plate and nozzle clogging caused by the adhesion are achieved. The continuous casting method of steel according to the present invention is a continuous casting method of continuously casting molten steel which is deoxidized by silicon and contains calcium without adding aluminum, wherein the molten steel is contained in a ladle provided with a sliding nozzle composed of a 1 st sliding nozzle plate, the 1 st sliding nozzle plate is composed of alumina-zirconia-carbonaceous refractory, molten steel is poured from the ladle into a tundish provided with a sliding nozzle composed of a 2 nd sliding nozzle plate, the 2 nd sliding nozzle plate is composed of magnesia-spinel refractory, and the molten steel is poured from the tundish into a mold while inactive gas is blown into the molten steel flowing down from an outflow hole of the 2 nd sliding nozzle plate, and the molten steel is continuously cast.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a continuous casting method for continuously casting molten steel to which aluminum (Al) is not added, silicon (Si) is deoxidized, and calcium (Ca) is added.
Background
In the continuous casting process of molten steel, molten steel in a ladle is poured into a mold while the amount of molten steel in the tundish is kept substantially constant while molten steel in the ladle is poured into the tundish. As a means for controlling the amount of molten steel poured into a tundish from a ladle and a means for controlling the amount of molten steel poured into a mold from a tundish, a sliding nozzle is used for the ladle and the tundish. In the ladle, a sliding nozzle is provided at a molten steel outlet of the ladle, and a 2-piece or 3-piece sliding nozzle plate is disposed between an upper nozzle and a lower nozzle. In addition, in the tundish, the sliding nozzle is arranged at the molten steel outflow port at the bottom of the tundish, and 2 or 3 sliding nozzle plates are arranged between the upper nozzle and the dipping nozzle.
The sliding nozzle plates are provided with outflow holes penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of each sliding nozzle plate, and molten steel flows down from the inside of the outflow holes. In a 2-piece sliding nozzle having a 2-piece sliding nozzle plate, the upper sliding nozzle plate is usually fixed, and the lower sliding nozzle plate is brought into close contact with the fixed upper sliding nozzle plate and moved (slid) to adjust the opening area of each of the outflow holes after overlapping, thereby controlling the injection amount of molten steel flowing down from the outflow holes. In a 3-piece sliding nozzle having a 3-piece sliding nozzle plate, the upper and lower sliding nozzle plates are usually fixed, and the injection amount of molten steel is controlled by moving the intermediate sliding nozzle plate in close contact with the fixed upper and lower sliding nozzle plates to adjust the opening area of each of the outflow holes after overlapping each other.
As a refractory material for a sliding nozzle plate of a ladle or a tundish, alumina (Al) having excellent thermal shock resistance and low raw material cost is widely used 2 O 3 ) -a carbon (C) -based refractory, magnesia (MgO) -based refractory. As described later, the materials of the sliding nozzle plates of the ladle and the tundish are selected according to the composition (steel grade) of the molten steel to be continuously cast, and a sliding nozzle plate having the same main component is generally used for the ladle and the tundish. That is, if the sliding nozzle plate of the ladle is alumina-carbonaceous, the sliding nozzle plate of the tundish is also alumina-carbonaceous, and if the sliding nozzle plate of the ladle is magnesia-carbonaceous, the sliding nozzle plate of the tundish is also magnesia-a carbonaceous sliding nozzle plate.
However, in some steel grades, refining (calcium adding treatment) of adding a ca—si alloy to molten steel so that a predetermined amount of calcium is contained in the molten steel may be performed for the purpose of controlling the morphology of nonmetallic inclusions (hereinafter also simply referred to as "inclusions") in the steel. In addition, as a method of deoxidizing molten steel, aluminum-based deoxidization (aluminum-killed treatment) is a main method, but some steel grades such as silicon steel are deoxidized (killed treatment) by only deoxidizing elements other than aluminum such as silicon without adding aluminum.
When Ca-Si alloy is added to an aluminum killed steel, the inclusion in the molten steel produced at this time is mostly CaO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 In the case of adding Ca-Si alloy to a steel grade which has been subjected to silicon-killed treatment without adding aluminum, on the other hand, the inclusions in the molten steel produced at this time are mostly CaO-SiO 2 The composition of the system.
In continuous casting, when molten steel passes through the outflow hole of the sliding nozzle plate of the ladle or the tundish, a part of inclusions in the molten steel adhere to the inner surface of the outflow hole of the sliding nozzle plate. In the case where the sliding nozzle plate is made of a material containing alumina as a main component, such as the alumina-carbonaceous refractory, caO-SiO is produced by the calcium addition treatment 2 -Al 2 O 3 Inclusion of CaO-SiO system 2 The inclusions adhere to the inner surface of the outflow hole of the sliding nozzle plate, and the inclusions adhere to Al in the sliding nozzle plate 2 O 3 A low melting point compound is formed, and melting loss of the sliding nozzle plate occurs. Due to the deterioration of the durability of the sliding nozzle plate caused by the melting loss of the sliding nozzle plate, there are cases where an operation failure such as a reduction in the number of continuous-continuous casting (hereinafter referred to as "continuous-casting" continuous casting) or a leak from the sliding nozzle plate occurs.
In view of such problems, it is known to use a sliding nozzle plate mainly composed of magnesia with high melting loss resistance in continuous casting of steel to which calcium is added. The main problem of sliding nozzle plates based on magnesite is burst resistance, and many efforts have been made to solve this problem.
For example, patent document 1 proposes a sliding nozzle plate refractory in which magnesia (MgO) -spinel (MgAl 2 O 4 ) In the carbon (C) sliding nozzle plate, when the content of magnesia, spinel and carbon is set to 100 mass parts, the magnesia is 27 to 88 mass percent, the spinel is 10 to 62 mass percent, the carbon is 2 to 8 mass percent, and the particle size of 0.3 to 4mm is 22 to 73 mass percent relative to the 100 mass percent, wherein the magnesia raw material is 0 to 63 mass percent, and the spinel raw material is 0 to 65 mass percent; the particle size of less than 0.3mm is 27 to 78 mass% relative to 100 mass% of the above-mentioned raw materials, wherein the magnesia is 25 to 50 mass%, the spinel is 0 to 20 mass%, the carbon raw material is 2 to 8 mass%, and the carbon black as the carbon raw material is 1 mass% or more.
Patent document 2 proposes a sliding nozzle plate for a ladle, which is formed of a brick formed of 35 to 75 mass% magnesia and 20 to 60 mass% alumina, relative to the amount of a complex containing refractory aggregate, which is formed of 35 to 75 mass% alumina, and metal aluminum and carbon, and which is obtained by adding a binder to the complex, kneading the mixture, and firing the mixture at a temperature of 1000 ℃ or less after molding.
Prior art literature
Patent literature
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open No. 2017-149596
Patent document 2: japanese patent application laid-open No. 2004-141899
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
However, the above-described prior art has the following problems.
That is, when the sliding nozzle plate containing magnesia as a main component for the above-mentioned steel having calcium added thereto is used, inclusions may adhere to the inner surface of the pouring hole of the sliding nozzle plate of the ladle or the tundish, and the adhered inclusions may grow during continuous casting to block the pouring hole. Therefore, the following problems occur: continuous casting cannot be completed for 1-time filled part of molten steel in a ladle, continuous casting has to be stopped, continuous casting involving other filling cannot be performed, or the like.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a continuous casting method of steel for casting a cast piece by continuously casting molten steel to which aluminum is not added, silicon is deoxidized, and calcium is added, which can simultaneously prevent adhesion of inclusions to the outflow hole of the sliding nozzle plate of a ladle and nozzle clogging due to the adhesion, suppress melting loss of the sliding nozzle plate of a tundish, and prevent adhesion of inclusions to the outflow hole of the sliding nozzle plate.
Means for solving the problems
In order to solve the above problems, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
[1] A continuous casting method for steel, wherein a cast piece is produced by continuously casting molten steel containing calcium without adding aluminum and deoxidized by silicon, and calcium is characterized in that the molten steel is contained in a ladle provided with a sliding nozzle composed of a 1 st sliding nozzle plate, the 1 st sliding nozzle plate is composed of an alumina-zirconia-carbonaceous refractory, the molten steel is poured from the ladle into a tundish provided with a sliding nozzle composed of a 2 nd sliding nozzle plate, the 2 nd sliding nozzle plate is composed of a magnesia-spinel refractory, and the molten steel is poured from the tundish into a mold while inert gas is blown into the molten steel flowing down from the outflow hole of the 2 nd sliding nozzle plate, and the molten steel is continuously cast.
[2]As described above [1]]The continuous casting method of steel is characterized in that Al is contained in the composition of the 1 st sliding nozzle plate 2 O 3 70 to 81 mass percent of SiO 2 Less than 10 mass percent of ZrO 2 5 to 18 mass% and 3 to 10 mass% of fixed carbon.
[3]As described above [1]]Or [ 2] above]The method for continuously casting steel is characterized in that MgO is 89-97% by mass and Al is contained in the composition of the 2 nd sliding nozzle plate 2 O 3 4 to 7 mass%.
[4] The method for continuously casting steel according to any one of the above [1] to [3], wherein silicon is 1.5 mass% or more, acid-soluble aluminum is 0.003 mass% or less (including zero), and total calcium is 0.001 mass% or more in the composition of the molten steel.
[5] The method for continuously casting steel according to item [4], wherein the composition of the molten steel contains 0.0050% by mass or less of carbon, 1.5 to 5.0% by mass of silicon, 3.0% by mass or less of manganese, 0.2% by mass or less of phosphorus, 0.0050% by mass or less of sulfur, 0.003% by mass or less (including zero) of acid-soluble aluminum, and 0.001 to 0.008% by mass of total calcium.
Effects of the invention
According to the present invention, in continuous casting of molten steel containing calcium, which is deoxidized by silicon without adding aluminum, a sliding nozzle plate made of a material containing alumina as a main component is used for a sliding nozzle of a ladle in which adhesion and blocking of inclusions are likely to occur. On the other hand, as for the sliding nozzle of a tundish in which the inclusion density in molten steel is lower than that in a ladle, the durability is improved, and the injection amount of molten steel into a mold is required to be controlled more precisely in direct relation to the improvement of the number of charges in continuous casting, a sliding nozzle plate made of a material mainly composed of magnesia is used, and molten steel is injected into the mold while inert gas is blown into molten steel flowing down from the outflow hole of the sliding nozzle plate. This makes it possible to prevent both the adhesion of inclusions to the outflow hole of the sliding nozzle plate of the ladle and the blocking of the nozzle, and to suppress the melting loss of the sliding nozzle plate of the tundish and the adhesion of inclusions to the outflow hole of the sliding nozzle plate, thereby preventing the failure of the continuous casting from being stopped, and to realize the implementation of continuous casting and the improvement of the number of continuous casting charges.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described.
A method for continuously casting molten steel, comprising continuously casting molten steel containing calcium (Ca) without adding aluminum (Al), deoxidizing silicon (Si), and adding calcium (Ca), wherein the molten steel is contained in a ladle provided with a sliding nozzle composed of a 1 st sliding nozzle plate, wherein the 1 st sliding nozzle plate is provided with a plurality of sliding nozzlesThe tip plate is made of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) Zirconium oxide (ZrO) 2 ) -carbon (C) refractory formation, molten steel being poured from a ladle into a tundish equipped with a sliding nozzle composed of a 2 nd sliding nozzle plate made of magnesia (MgO) -spinel (MgAl) 2 O 4 ) And forming a refractory, and injecting molten steel from a tundish into the mold while blowing inert gas into the molten steel flowing down from the outflow holes of the 2 nd sliding nozzle plate.
First, the reason why the material of the sliding nozzle plate (hereinafter also simply referred to as "plate") of the ladle in the present invention is selected will be described.
In general, calcium in molten steel is associated with Al in molten steel, slag and refractory 2 O 3 React to form CaO-Al 2 O 3 Is an oxide. The CaO-Al is 2 O 3 The oxide may have a composition such that its melting point is lower than the temperature of molten steel. Therefore, when a steel to which calcium is added is continuously cast using a sliding nozzle plate made of a material mainly composed of alumina, calcium in the molten steel and Al in the plate at a contact portion (for example, a tap hole) between the molten steel and the plate 2 O 3 Reacting to form CaO-Al 2 O 3 A low melting point oxide of CaO-Al which is produced by calcium treatment and suspended in molten steel 2 O 3 Inclusions adhere to the plate and are associated with Al in the plate 2 O 3 Reacting to form CaO-Al 2 O 3 Is a low melting point oxide. Due to the CaO-Al 2 O 3 The formation of the low melting point oxide causes melting loss of the plate.
On the other hand, with CaO-Al 2 O 3 Calcium in molten steel and CaO-Al produced by calcium treatment, as compared with the oxide 2 O 3 CaO-MgO-based oxide formed by reaction with MgO in the plate, caO-Al 2 O 3 The MgO-based oxide has a high melting point, which is in most cases higher than the temperature of the molten steel. Therefore, even if a steel to which calcium is added is continuously cast using a plate made of a material mainly composed of magnesite, melting loss of the plate is less likely to occur.
However, in continuous casting, molten steel passes through the pouring holes of the plate while contacting the pouring holes, and therefore the molten steel contacting the pouring holes of the plate is locally cooled. At this time, inclusions suspended in molten steel may adhere to the outflow holes of the plate and solidify. Then, when the adhesion of the inclusions is started, the inclusions are also aggregated and solidified when the inclusions suspended in the molten steel subsequently come into contact with the portion, and the adhesion growth of the inclusions continues until the final nozzle is closed, and the injection of the molten steel is not continued.
Accordingly, in the present invention, the 1 st sliding nozzle plate, which is a ladle sliding nozzle plate, is not a plate containing magnesia as a main component, but an alumina-zirconia-carbonaceous refractory is used, and adhesion and solidification of inclusions to the plate outflow hole are prevented.
By using the alumina-zirconia-carbonaceous refractory for the 1 st sliding nozzle plate, calcium in molten steel and CaO-SiO produced by the calcium treatment and suspended in molten steel 2 Inclusions (in the present invention, silicon killed without addition of aluminum) and Al in the plate 2 O 3 The reaction and thus the plate is moderately melted. By properly melting the sliding nozzle plate, the inclusions in the molten steel are separated from each other and are not fixed to the plate even if they adhere to the outflow holes of the plate.
The calcium in the molten steel, caO-SiO, is responsible for 2 Inclusions and Al in the plate 2 O 3 And the risk of excessive melting of the plate. However, in the case of a steel grade containing calcium which is silicon-deoxidized without adding aluminum, the activity of calcium in molten steel is low, and calcium in molten steel and Al in plates are low, as compared with a conventional aluminum-deoxidized-calcium-added steel 2 O 3 The reaction of (2) becomes smooth. Therefore, excessive melting loss of the board does not occur. Further, unlike the sliding nozzle plate of the tundish described later, even in the case of continuous casting, the sliding nozzle plate of the ladle is durable only in the period of pouring the molten steel in the ladle of at least 1 filling part into the tundish, and thus does not hinder the operation.
Next, the reason for selecting the material of the sliding nozzle plate of the tundish according to the present invention will be described.
In the invention, the slide serving as the tundishThe 2 nd sliding nozzle plate of the moving nozzle plate uses magnesia-spinel refractory. As described above, in the case of using a plate made of a material mainly composed of alumina, calcium and CaO-SiO in molten steel 2 Inclusions and Al in the plate 2 O 3 The reaction, plate melting loss occurs. Since the sliding nozzle plate of the tundish is required to control the injection amount of molten steel into the mold more precisely, even a small amount of plate melting loss needs to be avoided. That is, a plate made of alumina as a main component is not suitable for a tundish.
On the other hand, there is a risk that inclusions adhere to the plate outflow holes due to the use of magnesia-spinel refractories for the 2 nd sliding nozzle plate. However, a part of the inclusions in the molten steel float and separate in the ladle and the tundish, the amount of inclusions in the molten steel decreases, and the inert gas is blown into the molten steel flowing down from the plate outflow hole of the tundish to clean the inner surface of the plate outflow hole, thereby suppressing adhesion of the inclusions to the plate outflow hole. Therefore, even if a plate made of magnesia as a main component is used for the tundish plate, the blocking of the outflow holes does not occur, and the number of continuous casting operations can be increased. In the method of blowing inert gas into molten steel flowing down through the plate outflow holes of the tundish, inert gas may be blown from the upper nozzle provided above the sliding nozzle, or may be blown from the inner surface of the outflow holes of the sliding nozzle plate.
The "alumina-zirconia-carbonaceous refractory" in the present invention includes at least "alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) "," zirconia (ZrO 2 ) "," fixed carbon "as the component. Further, as the 1 st sliding nozzle plate used for the sliding nozzle of the ladle, al in the composition of the component is preferable 2 O 3 70 to 81 mass percent of SiO 2 Less than 10 mass percent of ZrO 2 5 to 18 mass% and 3 to 10 mass% of fixed carbon.
Here, if Al 2 O 3 If the content of (b) is less than 70% by mass, moderate melting loss cannot be obtained, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if Al 2 O 3 If the content of (C) is more than 81% by mass, the melting loss is too large, and it is not preferableSelecting.
By adding ZrO 2 The corrosion resistance of the plate to calcium in molten steel is improved. However, if ZrO 2 If the content of (C) is too large, bursting easily occurs, and ZrO 2 The range of (2) is preferably 5 to 18 mass%.
SiO 2 Is to add ZrO 2 When in ZrO 2 Is an inevitable component contained in the raw materials of (a). SiO (SiO) 2 When the content is 10% by mass or less, the properties are not affected, so SiO 2 The content of (2) is preferably 10 mass% or less.
The raw material to be Fixed carbon (Fixed carbon) is, for example, graphite. In addition to this, carbon black, asphalt, and the like can be used. By adding graphite or the like, the bursting resistance of the refractory is improved. On the other hand, if the amount of fixed carbon added is too large, oxygen in the molten steel reacts with C in the fixed carbon and is released as CO gas, and pores are formed in the plate. Therefore, the content of the fixed carbon is preferably set to 3 to 10 mass%.
The 2 nd sliding nozzle plate used as the sliding nozzle of the tundish preferably has a composition of 89 to 97% by mass MgO and Al 2 O 3 4 to 7 mass%.
Here, mgO is less than 89 mass%, which is not preferable because corrosion resistance is reduced. If MgO is more than 97% by mass, the bursting resistance is lowered, which is not preferable. As a raw material of MgO, sintered magnesia or fused magnesia having MgO purity of 95 mass% or more is preferably used. If the purity is less than 95 mass%, a low-melting point product tends to be formed due to impurities, and the corrosion resistance is lowered, which is not preferable.
Al contained in the 2 nd sliding nozzle plate 2 O 3 Is a component contained by using spinel as a raw material of the plate. Spinel is MgO and Al 2 O 3 A compound obtained by equimolar combination of MgO side and Al 2 O 3 The sides have a solid solubility. That is, in the present invention, the "magnesia-spinel refractory" includes at least "magnesia (MgO)", and "spinel (MgAl) 2 O 4 ) "in addition to the above, the composition may contain fixed carbon. As the spinel used in the present inventionStone material of Al 2 O 3 And a raw material having a MgO content of 95% by mass or more and a MgO content of 10 to 50% by mass. In addition, either of sintered spinel or fused spinel can be used as a spinel raw material.
By using spinel as a raw material, the bursting resistance of the refractory is improved. If the mixing amount of spinel is small, al 2 O 3 If the content is less than 4% by mass, the effect of improving the bursting resistance by spinel cannot be sufficiently obtained, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the amount of spinel to be blended is large, al 2 O 3 If the content exceeds 7 mass%, the corrosion resistance is lowered, which is not preferable.
The raw material for forming the fixed carbon is, for example, graphite. In addition to this, carbon black, asphalt, and the like can be used. The fixed carbon is mixed with the magnesia-sand phase and the spinel phase. By adding graphite or the like, the bursting resistance of the refractory is improved. However, if the amount of fixed carbon added is excessive, oxygen (O) in the molten steel reacts with carbon (C) in the fixed carbon and is released as CO gas, and holes are formed in the sliding nozzle plate. Therefore, the content of the fixed carbon is more preferably 1 to 5 mass%.
The present inventors have obtained the above-described results based on laboratory experiments described below.
The following experiments were performed: test pieces were cut out of each of the slide nozzle plates of level 1 (magnesia-spinel refractory as a main component) and level 2 and level 3 (alumina-zirconia-carbonaceous refractory as a main component) shown in table 1, and immersed in molten steel to which calcium was added after deoxidizing with silicon. The dipping time was 30 minutes and the rotational speed of the test piece was 300rpm.
TABLE 1
After the experiment, SEM observation and EPMA analysis were performed on the contact interface of molten steel in each test piece to investigate CaO-SiO 2 Thickness of the system inclusions. The results of the investigation are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
As shown in Table 2, caO-SiO was generated in the level 1 (mainly composed of magnesite) 2 Adhesion of inclusions. On the other hand, in level 2 (mainly composed of alumina) and level 3 (mainly composed of alumina), caO-SiO was not observed 2 Adhesion of inclusions.
It was confirmed that CaO-SiO was present in the molten steel 2 The CaO-SiO material of the test piece having alumina as a main component, although the inclusion was adhered to the surface of the test piece at one time 2 Al in the system inclusions and test piece 2 O 3 Component reaction, forming a liquid phase reaction product at the temperature of molten steel, thereby CaO-SiO 2 The adhesion of the system inclusion does not proceed. That is, it is known that by using the ladle sliding nozzle plate as a material containing alumina as a main component, the occurrence of a clogging failure of the plate outflow hole, which is a problem in the ladle sliding nozzle plate, can be suppressed during the continuous casting operation.
The method for continuously casting molten steel according to the present invention is suitable for continuously casting molten steel having a composition of 1.5 mass% or more of silicon (Si), 0.003 mass% or less (including zero) of acid-soluble aluminum (sol.al), and 0.001 mass% or more of total calcium (t.ca). Here, the total calcium is the sum of calcium dissolved in molten steel and calcium contained in inclusions in molten steel.
The method for continuously casting molten steel according to the present invention is preferably used for continuously casting molten steel in which carbon is 0.0050 mass% or less, silicon is 1.5 to 5.0 mass%, manganese is 3.0 mass% or less, phosphorus is 0.2 mass% or less, sulfur is 0.0050 mass% or less, acid-soluble aluminum is 0.003 mass% or less (including zero), and total calcium is 0.001 to 0.008 mass% in the composition of the molten steel. The molten steel is preferably molten steel that is a material of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet.
The reason why the chemical components of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet are specified in the above manner is as follows.
Carbon (C); 0.0050 mass% or less
Carbon is an element that causes magnetic aging and increases iron loss, and in particular, if it exceeds 0.0050 mass%, the increase in iron loss becomes remarkable, and thus is limited to 0.0050 mass% or less. Preferably 0.0030 mass% or less. The lower limit is not particularly limited, since the smaller the lower limit is, the more preferable is.
Silicon (Si); 1.5 to 5.0 mass percent
Silicon is an element effective for increasing the electrical resistance of steel and reducing iron loss. In particular, in the present invention, silicon is contained in an amount of 1.5 mass% or more in order to reduce aluminum having the same effect as silicon. However, if silicon exceeds 5.0 mass%, not only the magnetic flux density is reduced, but also cracks or the like are generated in embrittlement of steel and cold rolling, which greatly reduces manufacturability. Therefore, the upper limit is set to 5.0 mass%.
Manganese (Mn); 3.0 mass% or less
Like silicon, manganese is also an element effective for increasing the electrical resistance of steel and reducing the iron loss. On the other hand, if manganese exceeds 3.0 mass%, the magnetic flux density decreases, and therefore the upper limit is set to 3.0 mass%. More preferably, the manganese content is 0.05 mass% or more.
Acid soluble aluminum (sol.al); less than 0.003 mass percent (including zero)
Aluminum is also an element effective for increasing the electrical resistance of steel and reducing the iron loss, like silicon, but in the present invention, aluminum is reduced for the purpose of improving the texture and increasing the magnetic flux density, and is limited to 0.003 mass% or less in terms of acid-soluble aluminum. The lower limit is not particularly limited, since it is more preferable that it is smaller.
Phosphorus (P); 0.2 mass% or less
Phosphorus is a useful element having a large effect of improving the hardness of steel in a small amount, and can be appropriately contained according to the required hardness. However, since excessive phosphorus content causes a decrease in cold-rollability, the upper limit of phosphorus is set to 0.2 mass%.
Sulfur (S); 0.0050 mass% or less
Sulfur forms sulfide to form inclusions, and decreases manufacturability (hot-rolling property) and magnetic properties of a steel sheet, so that it is more preferable to decrease sulfur content. Therefore, in the present invention, the upper limit may be allowed to be 0.0050 mass%, but in the case where the magnetic characteristics are important, it is preferably set to 0.0025 mass% or less. The smaller the sulfur, the more preferable, so the lower limit is not particularly specified.
Total calcium (t.ca); 0.001 to 0.008 mass%
Calcium forms coarse sulfides as CaS, and suppresses precipitation of fine sulfides such as MnS, and thus has an effect of improving grain growth and reducing iron loss. Therefore, the total calcium is 0.001 mass% or more. On the other hand, if the total calcium exceeds 0.008 mass%, the amount of calcium sulfide or oxide increases, which hinders the growth of crystal grains, but rather reduces the iron loss characteristics. Therefore, the upper limit of total calcium is set to 0.0080 mass%.
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent adhesion of inclusions to the outflow hole of the sliding nozzle plate of the ladle, to prevent nozzle clogging, to suppress melting loss of the sliding nozzle plate of the tundish, and to prevent adhesion of inclusions to the outflow hole of the sliding nozzle plate, and to prevent failure of continuous casting suspension, to realize implementation of continuous casting, and to improve the number of continuous casting charges.
Examples
Continuous casting of molten steel (molten steel amount of steel was 1-time 250 tons) was performed by using a plate made of a material of level 1 (mainly composed of magnesite) and a plate made of a material of level 2 or level 3 (mainly composed of alumina) shown in table 1, without adding aluminum or deoxidized by silicon, for the ladle and the tundish. The composition of the molten steel containing calcium contains 0.0050% by mass or less of carbon, 3.5 to 5.0% by mass of silicon, 3.0% by mass or less of manganese, 0.02% by mass or less of phosphorus, 0.0010% by mass or less of sulfur, 0.003% by mass or less of acid-soluble aluminum, and 0.001 to 0.003% by mass of total calcium.
For the following cases, tests were carried out to compare the occurrence rate of the sliding nozzle blocking failure of the ladle with the durability number of the sliding nozzle of the tundish (the number of charges of continuous casting): a case where a plate made of magnesia as a main component is applied to a sliding nozzle of a ladle and a plate made of alumina as a main component is applied to a sliding nozzle of a tundish (conventional mode 1); a case where a plate made of magnesia as a main component is applied to both the slide nozzle of the ladle and the slide nozzle of the tundish (conventional mode 2); when a plate made of alumina as a main component is applied to a sliding nozzle of a ladle and a plate made of magnesia as a main component is applied to a sliding nozzle of a tundish (mode of the present invention). The test results are shown in Table 3. No difference was observed between the test results of the plate made of the material of level 2 and the plate made of the material of level 3, and table 3 shows the results when the plate made of the material of level 2 was used.
TABLE 3
As shown in table 3, in conventional mode 1, the sliding nozzle plate of the tundish, which is made of alumina as a main component, is melted and damaged by calcium in molten steel, and the number of continuous casting charges is 2. In addition, in the sliding nozzle of the ladle, caO-SiO was generated in a proportion of about 4% of the number of charges 2 Occlusion failure due to the adhesion of system inclusions.
In conventional mode 2, a plate made of magnesia as a main component and having high corrosion resistance is used for a sliding nozzle plate of a tundish, so that the number of charges in continuous casting is increased to 5 charges. On the other hand, in the sliding nozzle of the ladle, the composition of CaO-SiO was generated at a rate of about 4% of the filling amount as in the conventional mode 1 2 Occlusion failure due to the adhesion of system inclusions.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sliding nozzle plate used as the ladle is made of CaO-SiO in the molten steel 2 The plate of a material containing alumina as a main component, which is a reaction product in which inclusions are generated in a liquid phase, can eliminate the occurrence of a fault of occlusion of inclusions in a sliding nozzle of a ladle.
In addition, in the sliding nozzle plate of the tundish, adhesion of inclusions is suppressed by the floating separation effect of inclusions in the ladle and the tundish and the cleaning effect by blowing inert gas into molten steel flowing down through the plate outflow hole of the tundish, and the number of charges for continuous casting is increased to 5 charges by applying a plate made of magnesia as a main component.
Claims (5)
1. A continuous casting method for steel, wherein a cast piece is produced by continuously casting molten steel containing calcium without adding aluminum, deoxidized by silicon, and added with calcium, characterized in that,
the molten steel is contained in a ladle provided with a sliding nozzle composed of a 1 st sliding nozzle plate, wherein the 1 st sliding nozzle plate is formed by alumina-zirconia-carbonaceous refractory,
pouring the molten steel from the ladle into a tundish provided with a sliding nozzle composed of a 2 nd sliding nozzle plate, the 2 nd sliding nozzle plate being formed of a magnesia-spinel refractory,
injecting the molten steel from the tundish into a mold while blowing inert gas into the molten steel flowing down from the outflow holes of the 2 nd sliding nozzle plate,
and continuously casting the molten steel.
2. The continuous casting method of steel according to claim 1, wherein Al in the composition of the 1 st sliding nozzle plate 2 O 3 70 to 81 mass percent of SiO 2 Less than 10 mass percent of ZrO 2 5 to 18 mass% and 3 to 10 mass% of fixed carbon.
3. The continuous casting method of steel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein MgO in the composition of the 2 nd sliding nozzle plate is 89 to 97% by mass, al 2 O 3 4 to 7 mass%.
4. The continuous casting method of steel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein silicon is 1.5 mass% or more, acid-soluble aluminum is 0.003 mass% or less (including zero), and total calcium is 0.001 mass% or more in the composition of the molten steel.
5. The method for continuously casting steel according to claim 4, wherein the molten steel has a composition of 0.0050 mass% or less of carbon, 1.5 to 5.0 mass% of silicon, 3.0 mass% or less of manganese, 0.2 mass% or less of phosphorus, 0.0050 mass% or less of sulfur, 0.003 mass% or less (including zero) of acid-soluble aluminum, and 0.001 to 0.008 mass% of total calcium.
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| PCT/JP2022/022570 WO2023286488A1 (en) | 2021-07-14 | 2022-06-03 | Continuous casting method for steel |
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| JP4280052B2 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2009-06-17 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Manufacturing method of sliding nozzle plate for ladle |
| JP6358275B2 (en) | 2016-02-23 | 2018-07-18 | 品川リフラクトリーズ株式会社 | Slide plate refractory |
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