CN117555023A - Earthquake attribute identification method for reservoir under strong reflection shielding - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
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Abstract
The invention provides a seismic attribute identification method of a reservoir under strong reflection shielding, which comprises the following steps: determining the seismic interpretation horizon and the seismic response characteristic corresponding to the strong shielding layer and the reservoir through well seismic calibration; establishing a multi-well forward modeling synthetic seismic record, and determining synthetic seismic record characteristics corresponding to a strong shielding layer and a reservoir; establishing a seismic amplitude and burial depth dual-parameter intersection plate by counting seismic characteristics of a plurality of well drilling strong shielding layers with different burial depths, and fitting a relation between the seismic amplitude and the burial depths; a seismic amplitude attribute is calculated for the volume of seismic data. The method relies on fine Shan Jingzheng modeling, synthesizing and recording analysis, and calculates and corrects the original seismic attribute by establishing a seismic amplitude and burial depth double-parameter intersection plate of the strong shielding layer. Compared with the attribute plane graph before correction, the obtained correction attribute plane graph can be used for better eliminating the strong shielding layer, the plane characteristics of the reservoir are clearer, the plane geological rule is more met, and the anastomosis rate of the drilling reservoir is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploration, is used for oil and gas exploration and prediction of a land beach and dam sand development area, and particularly relates to a seismic attribute identification method of a reservoir under strong reflection shielding.
Background
At present, at home and abroad, the research on the reservoir under the strong reflection shielding mainly comprises the following 4 types of methods:
(1) and correcting the consistency of the well curve frequency and the seismic frequency, calculating an earthquake inversion body on the basis, and identifying a reservoir by utilizing the earthquake inversion data body. First, the frequency response of reservoirs of different locations and thicknesses over the earthquake is determined by studying the relative relationship between the reservoir and the shield. According to the obtained frequency information, filtering the longitudinal wave time difference curve and the density curve of the well drilling, reconstructing a new well logging curve, and calculating to obtain a new longitudinal wave impedance curve; and then inversion is carried out by utilizing the longitudinal wave impedance curve to obtain an earthquake inversion data body, so that the aim of identifying a reservoir is fulfilled.
(2) Randomly sampling multiple seismic channels for supervision and training, eliminating a strong reflection shielding layer through machine training analysis, obtaining a new seismic data body, and identifying a reservoir by using the new data body. Firstly, acquiring post-stack seismic data, and automatically explaining a target horizon based on the post-stack seismic data to acquire the target horizon seismic data; selecting a plurality of supervision seismic channels by random sampling according to the seismic data of the target horizon in the range of the target work area, and establishing a training seismic channel set; performing self-adaptive principal component analysis on the training seismic channel set to obtain a feature vector matrix; and eliminating the strong reflection shielding layer in the reservoir seismic channel data according to the eigenvector matrix to obtain the seismic channel data with the strong reflection shielding layer eliminated. According to the method, the strong reflection shielding layers can be accurately matched and separated through analysis of the strong reflection shielding layers, the method of random sampling and self-adaptive component number determination is adopted, the rapid elimination of the strong reflection shielding is achieved, the reservoir seismic channel data after the strong reflection shielding is eliminated are obtained, and effective and fine reservoir prediction can be carried out by utilizing the data.
(3) Spectral, time-frequency analysis is used to identify reservoirs under strong shielding. Firstly, analyzing a post-stack amplitude-preserving three-dimensional seismic data body, determining a thin-layer spectrum decomposition calculation range and a spectrum decomposition calculation range of the whole data body, and obtaining a thin-layer tuning three-dimensional data body by using thin-layer spectrum decomposition calculation; then, a tuned three-dimensional data body of all sampling points in the post-stack amplitude-preserving three-dimensional seismic data body is obtained by moving a time window; then sorting to generate a common frequency component three-dimensional data body or a single frequency component three-dimensional data body; obtaining a time-maximum amplitude frequency data body through comparison; and finally, identifying the weak reflection reservoir under the shielding layer strong seismic reflection characteristic masking by utilizing the frequency difference of the sand body and the strong shielding stratum.
(4) A method for analyzing the attribute of seismic data based on de-emphasis mask. Firstly, picking up a seismic horizon of a strong reflection shielding layer positioned above a reservoir on a seismic section; performing static time shifting on the seismic data by using the picked seismic horizon; preprocessing the static time-shifted seismic data by utilizing median filtering to peel off the strong reflection shielding layer; performing static anti-time shifting on the seismic data after the medium value filtering to obtain a seismic section after the strong reflection shielding layer is removed; and extracting seismic attributes from the seismic data with the strong reflection shielding layer removed, and engraving the reservoir to obtain a reservoir prediction result.
Reservoir identification means under strong shielding are currently mainly: based on the improved seismic data volume, attribute calculations and seismic inversion calculations of the new seismic data volume are performed to identify the reservoir. The existing technical scheme can solve the problem of reservoir identification under strong shielding in some areas. However, there is a great variability in seismic data conditions and geological conditions from basin to basin. One approach is often only applicable to certain areas or certain types of formations.
Disclosure of Invention
The seismic attribute identification method for the reservoir under the strong reflection shielding provided by the application can be used for better eliminating the strong shielding layer, so that the plane characteristics of the reservoir are clearer, the plane geological law is more met, and the anastomosis rate of the drilling reservoir is greatly improved.
The application provides a seismic attribute identification method of a reservoir under strong reflection shielding, which comprises the following steps:
s101, determining the earthquake interpretation horizon and the earthquake response characteristic corresponding to the strong shielding layer and the reservoir through well earthquake calibration;
s103, establishing a multi-well forward modeling synthetic seismic record, and determining synthetic seismic record characteristics corresponding to the strong shielding layer and the reservoir;
s105, establishing a dual-parameter intersection chart of the seismic amplitude and the burial depth by counting seismic characteristics of strong shielding layers of multiple drilling wells with different burial depths, and fitting a relation between the seismic amplitude and the burial depth;
s107, calculating the seismic amplitude attribute for the seismic data volume.
S101, determining a seismic interpretation horizon and a seismic response feature corresponding to a strong shielding layer and a reservoir through well seismic calibration, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
calculating a longitudinal wave impedance curve by using the drilling longitudinal wave time difference curve and the density curve;
the calculated longitudinal wave impedance curve is subjected to one-dimensional forward modeling to obtain a synthetic seismic record, and the synthetic seismic record is compared with a well-side seismic channel to develop consistency analysis;
and determining the seismic interpretation horizon and the seismic response characteristic corresponding to the strong shielding layer and the reservoir layer through comparison.
Wherein, S103, establish the synthetic seismic record of forward modeling of multiwell, confirm the synthetic seismic record characteristic that strong shielding layer and reservoir correspond, include:
and selecting drilling wells with different burial depths, and performing forward modeling synthetic seismic record analysis aiming at a plurality of drilling wells with different burial depths in the region after determining the geological horizon and the seismic horizon.
S105, establishing a dual-parameter intersection plate of the seismic amplitude and the burial depth by counting seismic characteristics of strong shielding layers of multiple drilling wells with different burial depths, fitting a relation between the seismic amplitude and the burial depth, and comprising the following steps:
and counting the burial depths and corresponding seismic amplitude values of the multi-port drilling strong shielding layers in the area, and establishing a double-parameter intersection plate of the burial depths and the seismic amplitude values of the drilling strong shielding layers.
S105, establishing a seismic amplitude and burial depth dual-parameter intersection plate by counting seismic characteristics of strong shielding layers of multiple drilling wells with different burial depths, fitting a relation between the seismic amplitude and the burial depth, and further comprising:
the plate indicates that the buried depth of the drilling strong shielding layer has correlation with the seismic amplitude value, and a formula between the buried depth and the seismic amplitude value is established on the basis: y=0.0005 x 2 +1.0246x-2094.5, where y represents the seismic amplitude value for the borehole strong shield and x represents the burial depth for the borehole strong shield.
Wherein S107, calculating the seismic amplitude attribute for the seismic data volume includes:
performing horizon tracking on the seismic event corresponding to the drilling strong shielding layer and the reservoir;
extracting seismic amplitude values along the tracking horizon to obtain a tracking horizon plane attribute map;
and (3) establishing a formula to correct the seismic attribute according to the relation between the buried depth of the well drilling strong shielding layer and the seismic amplitude value, and calculating to obtain the corrected seismic attribute.
Wherein the trace horizon planar attribute map contains common information for both strong shielding layers and reservoirs.
The correction formula established according to the relation between the buried depth of the well drilling strong shielding layer and the seismic amplitude value is as follows:
A＝B-0.0005x 2 -1.0246x+2094.5, where a represents the corrected seismic attribute, B represents the original seismic attribute, and x represents the corresponding burial depth of the well bore strong shield.
Wherein the strongly shielding stratum is marl.
The seismic attribute identification method for the reservoir under the strong reflection shielding has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, the original seismic attribute is calculated and corrected by establishing a seismic amplitude and burial depth dual-parameter intersection chart of the strong shielding layer. Compared with the attribute plane graph before correction, the obtained correction attribute plane graph can be used for better eliminating the strong shielding layer, the plane characteristics of the reservoir are clearer, the plane geological rule is more met, and the anastomosis rate of the drilling reservoir is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for identifying seismic attributes of a reservoir under strong reflection shielding in the present application;
FIG. 2 is a Shan Jingzheng model synthesis record;
FIG. 3 is a plot of seismic amplitude versus depth of burial dual parameters;
FIG. 4 is a seismic amplitude attribute of an original seismic calculation;
FIG. 5 is a plot of seismic amplitude properties corrected by a two-parameter intersection plate.
Detailed Description
The present application is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The following description provides various embodiments of the invention that may be substituted or combined between different embodiments, and thus this application is also intended to encompass all possible combinations of the same and/or different embodiments described. Thus, if one embodiment includes feature A, B, C and another embodiment includes feature B, D, then the present application should also be considered to include embodiments that include one or more of all other possible combinations of features A, B, C, D, although such an embodiment may not be explicitly recited in the following.
Reservoir identification means under strong shielding are currently mainly: based on the improved seismic data volume, attribute calculations and seismic inversion calculations of the new seismic data volume are performed to identify the reservoir. The existing technical scheme can solve the problem of reservoir identification under strong shielding in some areas. However, there is a great variability in seismic data conditions and geological conditions from basin to basin. One approach is often only applicable to certain areas or certain types of formations. From the present, the existing technical means do not consider the influence of factors such as formation burial depth, diagenetic effect and the like on the identification of the reservoir under the strong shielding. It is important to consider the impact of these factors on reservoir identification under strong shielding.
The purpose of this scheme is for solving the problem of reservoir identification under the sunk three river area of the basin gold lake of north Su strong shielding. The zone reservoir is surmounted by a set of high-speed, strong barrier (marl) formations. The speed of the strong shielding layer (marl) is affected by the burial depth and the diagenetic effect, and the speed of the strong shielding layers (marl) with different burial depths is different. The reservoir cannot be well identified by simply carrying out means such as attribute analysis, seismic inversion and the like on the seismic data. The method starts from well drilling and earthquake analysis, fully considers the influence of the burial depth and diagenetic effect on the speed of the strong shielding layer (marl), analyzes the relation between the strong shielding layer (marl) and the stratum burial depth, and establishes a seismic attribute calculation method for improving the reservoir identification precision under the strong reflection shielding.
As shown in fig. 1, the seismic attribute identification method of the reservoir under the strong reflection shielding of the application comprises the following steps: s101, determining the earthquake interpretation horizon and the earthquake response characteristic corresponding to the strong shielding layer and the reservoir through well earthquake calibration; s103, establishing a multi-well forward modeling synthetic seismic record, and determining synthetic seismic record characteristics corresponding to the strong shielding layer and the reservoir; s105, establishing a dual-parameter intersection chart of the seismic amplitude and the burial depth by counting seismic characteristics of strong shielding layers of multiple drilling wells with different burial depths, and fitting a relation between the seismic amplitude and the burial depth; s107, calculating the seismic amplitude attribute for the seismic data volume. The following is a detailed description.
The method is based on fine well earthquake calibration, and fully considers the influence of stratum burial depth change on the strong shielding layer.
First, determining the seismic interpretation horizon and the seismic response characteristic corresponding to the strong shielding layer and the reservoir through well seismic calibration.
Firstly, a longitudinal wave impedance curve is calculated by using a drilling longitudinal wave time difference curve and a density curve, and then the calculated longitudinal wave impedance curve is subjected to one-dimensional forward modeling to obtain a synthetic seismic record, and the synthetic seismic record is compared with a parawell seismic channel to develop consistency analysis. And determining the seismic interpretation horizon and the seismic response characteristic corresponding to the strong shielding layer and the reservoir layer through comparison.
Second, a multi-well forward modeling synthetic seismic record is established (wells with different burial depths are selected), and synthetic seismic record characteristics corresponding to the strong shielding layer and the reservoir are determined.
After the geological horizon and the seismic horizon are determined, forward modeling synthetic seismic record analysis is carried out on multiple drilling wells with different burial depths in the area. As shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 shows a forward modeling composite record of the earthquake for three different wells. Green arrows indicate the seismic features corresponding to the strong shielding layer; purple arrows indicate the seismic characteristics of the reservoir and red arrows correspond to the seismic reflection at the top of the target layer.
Thirdly, by counting the seismic characteristics of the strong shielding layers of the multiple well drilling holes with different burial depths, establishing a dual-parameter intersection plate of the seismic amplitude and the burial depth, and fitting the relation between the seismic amplitude and the burial depth.
Firstly, the burial depths of a plurality of drilling strong shielding layers and corresponding earthquake amplitude values in a statistical region are counted, and the burial depths of 8 drilling strong shielding layers (marl) and corresponding earthquake amplitude values counted in a working region range are counted as follows:
as shown in fig. 3, a dual parameter intersection plot of borehole strong barrier burial depth and seismic amplitude values is created. The graphic plate indicates that the buried depth of the drilling strong shielding layer has better correlation with the seismic amplitude value, and a formula between the buried depth and the seismic amplitude value is established on the basis: y=0.0005 x 2 +1.0246x-2094.5. Wherein y represents the seismic amplitude value corresponding to the drilling strong shielding layer, and x represents the burial depth corresponding to the drilling strong shielding layer.
Fourth, calculate the seismic amplitude attribute to the seismic data volume, its step is to trace the horizon of the seismic event corresponding to the well drilling strong shielding layer and reservoir, then extract the place along the trace horizonThe amplitude values, as shown in fig. 4, result in a trace horizon planar attribute map that contains common information for the strong barrier and reservoir. Then, according to the obtained relation between the buried depth of the drilling strong shielding layer and the seismic amplitude value, a formula is established to correct the seismic attribute, wherein the formula is as follows: a=b-0.0005 x 2 -1.0246x+2094.5. Wherein A represents the corrected seismic attribute, B represents the original seismic attribute, and x represents the corresponding burial depth of the well drilling strong shielding layer. As shown in FIG. 5, the corrected seismic attribute is calculated by applying the formula, so that the strong shielding stratum can be well removed, the reservoir characteristics are highlighted, and the plane layout of the reservoir is well drawn.
Fig. 2 shows Shan Jingzheng modeling synthesis records, which are respectively L5 well, H9 well and HC1 well (respectively from wells with different burial depths) from left to right. The left side of each well is Shan Jingzheng modeling synthetic records, and the right side is actual drilling information. The green arrow marks the forward synthetic recorded response of the strong shielding (marl). FIG. 3 is a graph of two parameters of seismic amplitude and depth of burial, with the ordinate representing the seismic amplitude value and the abscissa representing the depth of burial in meters. The black solid line is the final fitted curve of the plate for subsequent calculation of the seismic attributes to reject the strong shielding (marl).
The seismic attribute corrected by the double-parameter intersection plate can better characterize the reservoir under the strong shielding, and the calculation result is basically consistent with the well drilling disclosure.
The method for correcting the seismic attribute of the reservoir under the strong shielding layer is established, factors such as burial depth and compaction are fully considered, the purpose of reasonably eliminating the strong shielding layer is achieved by establishing the relation between the strong shielding layer and the burial depth and calculating, and the method is suitable for areas with large burial depth span.
The scheme relies on fine Shan Jingzheng modeling, synthesizing and recording analysis, and calculates and corrects original seismic attributes by establishing a seismic amplitude and burial depth dual-parameter intersection chart of a strong shielding layer. Compared with the attribute plane graph before correction, the obtained correction attribute plane graph can be used for better eliminating the strong shielding layer, the plane characteristics of the reservoir are clearer, the plane geological rule is more met, and the anastomosis rate of the drilling reservoir is greatly improved.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for identifying seismic attributes of a reservoir under a strong reflection shield, comprising:
s101, determining the earthquake interpretation horizon and the earthquake response characteristic corresponding to the strong shielding layer and the reservoir through well earthquake calibration;
s103, establishing a multi-well forward modeling synthetic seismic record, and determining synthetic seismic record characteristics corresponding to the strong shielding layer and the reservoir;
s105, establishing a dual-parameter intersection chart of the seismic amplitude and the burial depth by counting seismic characteristics of strong shielding layers of multiple drilling wells with different burial depths, and fitting a relation between the seismic amplitude and the burial depth;
s107, calculating the seismic amplitude attribute for the seismic data volume.
2. The method for identifying seismic attributes of a strongly reflective shielded subsurface reservoir according to claim 1, wherein S101, determining the seismic interpretation horizon and the seismic response feature corresponding to the strongly shielded layer and the reservoir by well seismic calibration, comprises:
calculating a longitudinal wave impedance curve by using the drilling longitudinal wave time difference curve and the density curve;
the calculated longitudinal wave impedance curve is subjected to one-dimensional forward modeling to obtain a synthetic seismic record, and the synthetic seismic record is compared with a well-side seismic channel to develop consistency analysis;
and determining the seismic interpretation horizon and the seismic response characteristic corresponding to the strong shielding layer and the reservoir layer through comparison.
3. The method for identifying seismic attributes of a strongly reflectively masked lower reservoir according to claim 1 or 2, wherein S103, establishing a multi-well forward modeling synthetic seismic record, determining synthetic seismic record characteristics corresponding to the strongly masked layer and the reservoir, comprises:
and selecting drilling wells with different burial depths, and performing forward modeling synthetic seismic record analysis aiming at a plurality of drilling wells with different burial depths in the region after determining the geological horizon and the seismic horizon.
4. The method for identifying seismic attributes of a reservoir under strong reflection shielding according to claim 1 or 2, wherein S105, by counting seismic features of strong shielding layers of multiple wells with different burial depths, establishing a dual parameter intersection map of seismic amplitude and burial depth, and fitting a relationship between the seismic amplitude and burial depth, comprises:
and counting the burial depths and corresponding seismic amplitude values of the multi-port drilling strong shielding layers in the area, and establishing a double-parameter intersection plate of the burial depths and the seismic amplitude values of the drilling strong shielding layers.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein S105, by counting seismic features of the strong-reflection-shielding reservoir under the multiple wells with different depths, establishes a dual-parameter intersection map of the seismic amplitude and the depth, and fits a relationship between the seismic amplitude and the depth, further comprises:
the plate indicates that the buried depth of the drilling strong shielding layer has correlation with the seismic amplitude value, and a formula between the buried depth and the seismic amplitude value is established on the basis: y=0.0005 x 2 +1.0246x-2094.5, where y represents the seismic amplitude value for the borehole strong shield and x represents the burial depth for the borehole strong shield.
6. The method of seismic attribute identification for a strongly reflectorized subsurface reservoir according to claim 1 or 2, wherein S107, the calculating of seismic amplitude attributes for a volume of seismic data comprises:
performing horizon tracking on the seismic event corresponding to the drilling strong shielding layer and the reservoir;
extracting seismic amplitude values along the tracking horizon to obtain a tracking horizon plane attribute map;
and (3) establishing a formula to correct the seismic attribute according to the relation between the buried depth of the well drilling strong shielding layer and the seismic amplitude value, and calculating to obtain the corrected seismic attribute.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the trace horizon planar attribute map contains common information for both the strongly masked layers and the reservoir.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the correction formula established according to the relationship between the borehole depth and the seismic amplitude value is:
A＝B-0.0005x 2 -1.0246x+2094.5, where a represents the corrected seismic attribute, B represents the original seismic attribute, and x represents the corresponding burial depth of the well bore strong shield.
9. A method of seismic attribute identification for a strongly reflective shielded subsurface reservoir according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the strongly shielded formation is a marl.
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