CN117554604A - Household quantitative detection device, method and storage medium - Google Patents
Household quantitative detection device, method and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/5302—Apparatus specially adapted for immunological test procedures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54306—Solid-phase reaction mechanisms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
- G01N33/54386—Analytical elements
- G01N33/54387—Immunochromatographic test strips
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/58—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances
- G01N33/582—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances with fluorescent label
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Abstract
The invention provides a household quantitative detection device, a household quantitative detection method and a storage medium, which relate to the technical field of immunodetection, wherein the household quantitative detection device comprises: the device comprises an image acquisition unit, an excitation unit, a reagent sheet fixing bin unit and a main control unit; the reagent sheet fixing bin unit is used for fixing the reagent sheets so as to ensure that the detection positions of the reagent sheets are consistent each time; wherein the reaction area of the reagent sheet is smeared with a detection sample; the excitation unit is used for exciting the fluorescent microspheres in the reaction area of the reagent sheet under the condition of shielding an external noise light source; the image acquisition unit is used for acquiring fluorescent image signals of the reaction area of the excited reagent sheet to obtain an acquired image; and the main control unit is used for carrying out digital image processing on the acquired image to obtain the concentration value of the detection sample. The invention is applied to the home environment, simplifies the structure under the condition of meeting the detection basic condition, and improves the detection lower limit and the stability of the whole machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of immunodetection, in particular to household quantitative detection equipment, a household quantitative detection method and a storage medium.
Background
POCT (point-of-care testing) refers to clinical testing and bedside testing performed beside a patient, namely, analysis is performed immediately on a sampling site, a complex processing procedure of a specimen in laboratory testing is omitted, and a new method for rapidly obtaining a test result is provided.
Immunofluorescence technology is one of the technical principles of POCT, also called fluorescent antibody technology, and mainly detects fluorescence excited by laser on a strip. Immunofluorescence techniques are methods that combine immunological methods with fluorescent labeling techniques to study the intracellular distribution of specific protein antigens.
However, in the current POCT products using immunofluorescence, a scanning immunochromatography fluorescence detection scheme is adopted, a scanning module is controlled by a control module to drive an acquisition module to scan, and an LED emits excitation light with a specific wave band in the scanning process to excite fluorescent molecules combined with the reaction process. The scheme has the problems of complex structure and higher manufacturing cost at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides household quantitative detection equipment, a household quantitative detection method and a storage medium, which are used for solving the technical problems of complex structure and high manufacturing cost in the prior art.
The invention provides a household quantitative detection device, comprising: the device comprises an image acquisition unit, an excitation unit, a reagent sheet fixing bin unit and a main control unit; the reagent sheet fixing bin unit is used for fixing the reagent sheets so as to ensure that the detection positions of the reagent sheets are consistent each time; wherein the reaction area of the reagent sheet is smeared with a detection sample; the excitation unit is used for exciting the fluorescent microspheres in the reaction area of the reagent sheet under the condition of shielding an external noise light source; the image acquisition unit is used for acquiring fluorescent image signals of the reaction area of the excited reagent sheet to obtain an acquired image; and the main control unit is used for carrying out digital image processing on the acquired image to obtain the concentration value of the detection sample.
According to the household quantitative detection equipment provided by the invention, the reagent sheet fixing bin unit comprises a first opening area and a second opening area; the excitation unit comprises a detection shielding shell and an LED excitation plate; the image acquisition unit comprises an optical module and an image sensor; the first opening area is used for enabling the reagent sheet to be inserted into the reagent sheet fixing bin unit; the second opening area is used for exposing the reaction area of the reagent sheet; the detection shielding shell is covered on the reagent sheet fixing bin unit to form a reaction cavity; the reaction area of the reagent sheet is exposed in the reaction cavity; the LED excitation plate, the optical module and the image sensor are arranged above the reaction cavity.
According to the household quantitative detection equipment provided by the invention, the optical module and the image sensor are arranged right above the second opening area of the reagent sheet fixing bin unit; the optical module and the image sensor are arranged in the opposite central area above the reaction cavity; the LEDs on the LED excitation plate are arranged at opposite edge areas above the reaction cavity.
According to the household quantitative detection equipment provided by the invention, the main control unit is arranged outside the reaction cavity; after the reagent sheet is inserted into the reagent sheet fixing bin unit, the main control unit controls the LEDs on the LED excitation plate to emit excitation light, and fluorescent microspheres in a reaction area of the reagent sheet form fluorescent image signals under the action of the excitation light; the fluorescent image signals are collected by the image sensor after passing through the optical module, and the image sensor sends collected images to the main control unit.
According to the household quantitative detection equipment provided by the invention, the main control unit comprises a data transmission module; the data transmission module is used for sending the concentration value of the detection sample to the mobile terminal.
The household quantitative detection equipment provided by the invention further comprises a power supply unit arranged outside the reaction cavity; the power supply unit comprises a lithium battery and a power supply circuit connected with the lithium battery; the power supply circuit is connected with the main control unit and supplies power for the main control unit.
The invention also provides a household quantitative detection method, which is executed by the main control unit by using the household quantitative detection equipment, and comprises the following steps of: acquiring an acquisition image, wherein the acquisition image comprises an image target area and an image background area; extracting gray values of effective pixel points in an image target area to obtain a first gray value; calculating an average gray value of the image background area to obtain a second gray value; obtaining a third gray value based on the first gray value and the second gray value; wherein the third gray value is used for representing gray volume of the concentration of the detection sample; and calculating a concentration curve back based on the third gray value and a preset standard to obtain a concentration value of the detection sample.
According to the household quantitative detection method provided by the invention, after acquiring the acquired image, the method comprises the following steps: denoising the acquired image, and removing system noise through a filtering algorithm; and carrying out gray level correction processing on the acquired image, and removing errors caused by uneven illumination by correcting gray level data on each pixel point.
According to the household quantitative detection method provided by the invention, before acquiring the acquired image, the method further comprises the following steps: the intensity of the excitation light emitted by the excitation unit is calibrated so that each detection is performed at the same illumination intensity.
According to the household quantitative detection method provided by the invention, the light intensity calibration of the excitation light emitted by the excitation unit comprises the following steps: acquiring a first image under the condition of excitation light emitted by an excitation unit through an image acquisition unit; extracting a background gray value of pixels in a preset area in a first image to obtain a first calibration value; comparing the first calibration value with a pre-stored background gray value to obtain a first difference value; when the first difference value is larger than the calibration threshold value, the illumination intensity of the excitation light is adjusted so that the adjusted first difference value is smaller than or equal to the calibration threshold value.
The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the home quantitative detection methods described above.
The invention provides a household quantitative detection device, a method and a storage medium, wherein the household quantitative detection device comprises: the device comprises an image acquisition unit, an excitation unit, a reagent sheet fixing bin unit and a main control unit; the reagent sheet fixing bin unit is used for fixing the reagent sheets so as to ensure that the detection positions of the reagent sheets are consistent each time; wherein the reaction area of the reagent sheet is smeared with a detection sample; the excitation unit is used for exciting the fluorescent microspheres in the reaction area of the reagent sheet under the condition of shielding an external noise light source; the image acquisition unit is used for acquiring fluorescent image signals of the reaction area of the excited reagent sheet to obtain an acquired image; and the main control unit is used for carrying out digital image processing on the acquired image to obtain the concentration value of the detection sample. The invention is applied to a home environment, and reduces the complexity of the whole machine manufacture by improving the hardware integration level and simplifying the structure under the condition of meeting the detection basic condition; on the premise of meeting the basic condition of detection hardware, the detection lower limit and stability of the whole machine under the condition of simplifying the structure can be compensated by adopting a series of application data processing algorithms related to image recognition.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a household quantitative detection device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a household quantitative detection apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an interaction process of a home quantitative detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a household quantitative detection method provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a second flow chart of a method for quantitative detection at home according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of regression analysis of gray test data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In describing embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "coupled," "coupled," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in embodiments of the present invention will be understood in detail by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly specified and limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" on a second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
The invention provides a household quantitative detection device which can be applied to a household quantitative POCT detection device, and realizes rapid quantitative detection of clinical medical detection items under household conditions by adopting a scheme of combining a fluorescent immunochromatography principle and an image recognition gray-scale algorithm.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a home-based quantitative detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a household quantitative detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the home-based quantitative detection apparatus may include: the device comprises an image acquisition unit 1, an excitation unit 2, a reagent sheet fixing bin unit 3 and a main control unit 4.
A reagent sheet fixing bin unit 3 for fixing the reagent sheets so that the detection positions of the reagent sheets are consistent each time; wherein the reaction area of the reagent sheet is smeared with a detection sample.
And the excitation unit 2 is used for exciting the fluorescent microspheres in the reaction area of the reagent sheet under the condition of shielding an external noise light source.
The image acquisition unit 1 is used for acquiring fluorescent image signals of the reaction area of the excited reagent sheet to obtain an acquired image.
And the main control unit 4 is used for carrying out digital image processing on the acquired image to obtain the concentration value of the detection sample.
Fluorescent microspheres are arranged on the reaction area of the reagent sheet, and the fluorescent microspheres refer to fluorescent substances such as fluorescein which are marked on the surface of particles or embedded in the microspheres through physical and chemical methods, are generally spherical, have diameters between nanometers and micrometers, and can emit visible fluorescence when excited by excitation light.
The fluorescent microsphere has relatively stable shape and size, uniform particle size, good monodispersity, high luminous efficiency, good repeatability, good various reactions generated after interaction with organisms, strong adsorptivity, large specific surface area, strong surface reaction capability, large agglutination and the like. The fluorescent material is not influenced by external environment basically, the optical stability of the fluorescent material is good, and the fluorescent intensity can be acquired and read through the image acquisition unit 1 and the main control unit 4 later.
The household quantitative detection device of the embodiment utilizes the covalent bonding of the functional groups (such as carboxyl groups) modified on the surface of the fluorescent microsphere and antigens or antibodies and the like, and performs quantitative detection by emitting fluorescent signals through fluorescent substances.
In some embodiments, the reagent sheet holding cartridge unit 3 comprises a first open area and a second open area; the excitation unit 2 includes a detection shield case 201 and an LED excitation board 202; the image acquisition unit 1 includes an optical module 101 and an image sensor 102.
The first opening area is used for inserting the reagent sheet into the reagent sheet fixing bin unit 3; the second opening region is used to expose the reaction region of the reagent sheet.
Alternatively, the size of the first opening area of the reagent sheet fixing bin unit 3 is equal to or slightly larger than the cross section of the reagent sheet so that the reagent sheet can be smoothly inserted into the reagent sheet fixing bin unit 3 without affecting the fixing effect.
Alternatively, the second opening area of the reagent sheet holding bin unit 3 has a size greater than or equal to the reaction area of the reagent sheet so that the reaction area may be completely exposed after the reagent sheet holding is completed.
The reagent sheet holding cartridge unit 3 is illustratively a rectangular structure and includes an insertion passage connecting the first opening area and the second opening area; wherein the first opening area is arranged at the side of the rectangular structure and the second opening area is arranged at the top surface of the rectangular structure, i.e. the reagent sheet fixing bin unit 3 shown in fig. 2.
In some embodiments, the length of the insertion channel of the reagent sheet holding cartridge unit 3 is smaller than the length of the reagent sheet for convenience of withdrawal of the reagent sheet.
The detection shielding shell 201 is covered on the reagent sheet fixing bin unit 3 to form a reaction cavity; the reaction region of the reagent sheet is exposed within the reaction chamber.
The LED excitation plate 202, the optical module 101 and the image sensor 102 are disposed above the reaction chamber.
Specifically, a plurality of LEDs are disposed on the LED excitation plate 202, and the LED excitation plate 202 is disposed inside the reaction chamber.
Specifically, the optical module 101 is disposed inside the reaction chamber, the image sensor 102 is disposed outside the reaction chamber, and the fluorescent image signal can be transmitted from the inside of the reaction chamber to the image sensor 102 outside the reaction chamber through the optical module 101.
In some embodiments, the optical module 101 and the image sensor 102 are disposed directly above the second opening area of the reagent sheet holding chamber unit 3, and the optical module 101 and the image sensor 102 are disposed in a relatively central area above the reaction chamber; LEDs on the LED excitation plate 202 are disposed at opposite edge regions above the reaction chamber.
The relatively central region below the reaction chamber is the reaction region of the reagent sheet exposed through the second opening region of the reagent sheet holding chamber unit 3. Therefore, the optical module 101 and the image sensor 102 are disposed right above the second opening area, i.e. the area in the opposite center, so that the accuracy of image acquisition can be ensured, and detection errors caused by the shooting angle can be avoided.
The excitation reaction of the fluorescent microspheres is not limited to the position of the light source, and only needs to be irradiated, so that the LEDs on the LED excitation plate 202 can be arranged at the opposite edge area above the reaction chamber.
According to the household quantitative detection equipment provided by the invention, the main control unit 4 is arranged outside the reaction cavity; after the reagent sheet is inserted into the reagent sheet fixing bin unit 3, the main control unit 4 controls the LEDs on the LED excitation plate 202 to emit excitation light, and fluorescent microspheres in a reaction area of the reagent sheet form fluorescent image signals under the action of the excitation light; the fluorescent image signal is collected by the image sensor 102 after passing through the optical module 101, and the image sensor 102 sends the collected image to the main control unit 4.
The embodiment provides a quantitative detection equipment at home, includes: the device comprises an image acquisition unit, an excitation unit, a reagent sheet fixing bin unit and a main control unit; the reagent sheet fixing bin unit is used for fixing the reagent sheets so as to ensure that the detection positions of the reagent sheets are consistent each time; wherein the reaction area of the reagent sheet is smeared with a detection sample; the excitation unit is used for exciting the fluorescent microspheres in the reaction area of the reagent sheet under the condition of shielding an external noise light source; the image acquisition unit is used for acquiring fluorescent image signals of the reaction area of the excited reagent sheet to obtain an acquired image; and the main control unit is used for carrying out digital image processing on the acquired image to obtain the concentration value of the detection sample. The invention is applied to a home environment, and reduces the complexity of the whole machine manufacture by improving the hardware integration level and simplifying the structure under the condition of meeting the detection basic condition; on the premise of meeting the basic condition of detection hardware, the detection lower limit and stability of the whole machine under the condition of simplifying the structure can be compensated by adopting a series of application data processing algorithms related to image recognition.
In some embodiments, the master control unit 4 may further comprise a data transmission module; the data transmission module is used for sending the concentration value of the detection sample to the mobile terminal.
In some embodiments, the home quantitative detection apparatus further comprises a power supply unit 5 disposed outside the reaction chamber; the power supply unit 5 includes a lithium battery 502 and a power supply circuit 501 connected to the lithium battery 502; wherein the power circuit 501 may be connected to the main control unit 4 and supply power to the main control unit 4.
Optionally, the power circuit 501 is disposed near the main control unit 4 or on the same plane as the main control unit 4, so that the power circuit 501 can conveniently supply power to the main control unit 4.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an interaction process of the home quantitative detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The power supply circuit is connected with the battery, and the battery supplies power for the main control unit through the power supply circuit. The main control unit controls the LED to emit light, fluorescent microspheres in the reaction area of the reagent sheet are illuminated to form fluorescent image signals, the fluorescent image signals are collected by the image sensor after passing through the optical module, the obtained collected images are transmitted to the main control unit for digital image processing, and finally the concentration value of the detection sample is obtained.
In summary, the home quantitative detection device provided by the embodiment is a home quantitative POCT detection device based on a combination scheme of a fluorescence immunochromatography principle and an image recognition gray-scale algorithm, and an application scene is mainly focused on a home environment. From the viewpoint of manufacturing process cost, under the condition that the detection basic condition is met, the embodiment reduces the complexity of the whole machine manufacturing by improving the hardware integration level and simplifying the structure; meanwhile, from the technical performance point of view, on the premise of meeting the basic condition of detection hardware, the illumination stability of the LED excitation light source in the equipment can be improved by adopting a series of application data processing algorithms related to image recognition, the non-uniformity of the light source under the condition of simplifying the structure is compensated, and meanwhile, the detection lower limit, the linear range and the stability of the whole equipment are improved.
The invention also provides a household quantitative detection method, which is described below, and the household quantitative detection method described below and the household quantitative detection equipment described above can be correspondingly referred to each other.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a home quantitative detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where in the embodiment, the home quantitative detection method is performed by a main control unit using the home quantitative detection apparatus described above. The household quantitative detection method comprises steps S410 to S450, wherein the steps are as follows:
s410: acquiring an acquisition image.
Wherein the acquired image comprises an image target area and an image background area.
S420: and extracting the gray value of the effective pixel point in the image target area to obtain a first gray value.
S430: and calculating an average gray value of the image background area to obtain a second gray value.
S440: a third gray value is derived based on the first gray value and the second gray value.
Wherein the third gray value is used to characterize the gray volume of the concentration of the test sample.
Alternatively, the gray difference value may be obtained by subtracting the second gray value from the first gray value; and carrying out integral summation based on the gray difference values of all the effective pixel points, thereby obtaining a third gray value.
S450: and calculating a concentration curve back based on the third gray value and a preset standard to obtain a concentration value of the detection sample.
In this embodiment, after the reagent strip carrying the test sample is inserted into the reagent strip holding bin unit, the main control unit may start digital image processing: firstly, extracting gray values of effective pixel points in an image target area, secondly, calculating average gray values of an image background area, subtracting the average gray values of the background area from the gray values of all the effective pixel points in the target area, and finally, carrying out integral summation on gray difference values of all the effective pixel points, thereby obtaining gray volume for recalculating sample test concentration. And (3) carrying the gray level volume into a preset standard back calculation concentration curve, so as to obtain a corresponding sample detection concentration value.
In some embodiments, the main control unit may further transmit the detection result to the mobile terminal through wireless transmission to perform man-machine interaction.
In some embodiments, the acquired image may be preprocessed after the acquired image is acquired, and the acquired image may be subjected to algorithmic processing after the preprocessing is completed. Wherein the step of preprocessing may comprise:
s510: and denoising the acquired image, and removing system noise through a filtering algorithm.
S520: and carrying out gray level correction processing on the acquired image, and removing errors caused by uneven illumination by correcting gray level data on each pixel point.
In some embodiments, light source intensity calibration may also be performed prior to acquisition of the acquired image. Specifically, the intensity of the excitation light emitted from the excitation unit is calibrated so that each detection is performed at the same illumination intensity.
Optionally, the step of calibrating the light intensity of the excitation light emitted by the excitation unit specifically includes:
s611: acquiring a first image under the condition of excitation light emitted by an excitation unit through an image acquisition unit;
s612: extracting a background gray value of pixels in a preset area in a first image to obtain a first calibration value;
s613: comparing the first calibration value with a pre-stored background gray value to obtain a first difference value;
s614: when the first difference value is larger than the calibration threshold value, the illumination intensity of the excitation light is adjusted so that the adjusted first difference value is smaller than or equal to the calibration threshold value.
The steps for performing the illumination intensity calibration in connection with fig. 1-2 are described: the main control unit 4 presets configuration parameters to drive the LED excitation plate 202 to start the illumination in the detection shielding shell 201, the image acquisition unit 1 acquires an image of a single frame, the background gray value of pixels in a specific reference area in the image is calculated through an image algorithm, the calculated result is compared with the background gray value preset by the main control unit 4, when the absolute value of the first difference value of the actually calculated background gray value and the preset background gray value is larger than a calibration threshold, the main control unit 4 judges that the current illumination intensity is different from the standard illumination intensity, at the moment, the main control unit 4 needs to adjust the illumination intensity of the LED excitation plate 202 through a control algorithm, the image acquisition unit 1 acquires the image again, further calculates and compares the first difference value of the pixel background gray value in the specific reference area and the preset background gray value after the light intensity is adjusted, and repeatedly performs adjustment and comparison through the step until the main control unit 4 judges that the calibration of the standard illumination intensity is completed after the absolute value of the first difference value of the actually calculated background gray value and the preset background gray value is smaller than a certain threshold.
The above embodiments may be freely combined by those skilled in the art in accordance with the actual circumstances without conflict.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a second flow chart of a home quantitative detection method according to an embodiment of the invention.
In this embodiment, the working procedure of the main control unit includes calibration of standard illumination intensity, image preprocessing and formal digital image processing, and specifically includes the following steps:
the main control unit starts detection, firstly judges whether the light source calibration gray level difference value is smaller than a threshold value, and if not, adjusts the illumination intensity until the light source calibration gray level difference value is smaller than the threshold value. After the calibration of the standard illumination intensity is completed, the image acquisition unit completes image acquisition, and the main control unit completes image denoising and gray level correction. And finally, formally entering digital image processing, finishing effective pixel gray level extraction, calculating a background average gray level value, subtracting the background gray level value, calculating gray level volume, and finally substituting a standard curve to calculate back the concentration, thus obtaining the concentration value of the detection sample.
In order to verify the performance of the device for recognizing the gray level of the reagent sheet, a standard gray level sheet is adopted for testing, regression analysis is performed, the accuracy of each gray level gradient and the linearity performance in the detection range are respectively calculated, specific data refer to table 1 and fig. 6, and fig. 6 is a regression analysis schematic diagram of gray level test data provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Table 1 accuracy of gray level test
As can be seen from fig. 6, the relationship between the test gray value (x) and the actual gray value (y) is: y=0.993 x-0.9882; fitting metric R for regression analysis 2 =0.9993, all meet the design requirements.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to perform the home quantitative detection method provided by the above methods, the method comprising:
acquiring an acquisition image, wherein the acquisition image comprises an image target area and an image background area; extracting gray values of effective pixel points in an image target area to obtain a first gray value; calculating an average gray value of the image background area to obtain a second gray value; obtaining a third gray value based on the first gray value and the second gray value; wherein the third gray value is used for representing gray volume of the concentration of the detection sample; and calculating a concentration curve back based on the third gray value and a preset standard to obtain a concentration value of the detection sample.
The non-transitory computer readable storage medium may be any available medium or data storage device that can be accessed by a processor, including, but not limited to, magnetic storage (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes, magneto-optical disks (MOs), etc.), optical storage (e.g., CD, DVD, BD, HVD, etc.), and semiconductor storage (e.g., ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, nonvolatile storage (NAND FLASH), solid State Disk (SSD)), etc.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platforms, or of course may be implemented by means of hardware. Based on this understanding, the foregoing technical solution may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the respective embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A home-based quantitative detection apparatus, characterized by comprising: the device comprises an image acquisition unit, an excitation unit, a reagent sheet fixing bin unit and a main control unit;
the reagent sheet fixing bin unit is used for fixing the reagent sheets so as to ensure that the detection positions of the reagent sheets are consistent each time; wherein the reaction area of the reagent sheet is smeared with a detection sample;
the excitation unit is used for exciting the fluorescent microspheres in the reaction area of the reagent sheet under the condition of shielding an external noise light source;
the image acquisition unit is used for acquiring fluorescent image signals of the reaction area of the excited reagent sheet to obtain an acquired image;
and the main control unit is used for carrying out digital image processing on the acquired image to obtain the concentration value of the detection sample.
2. The home quantitative detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reagent sheet holding bin unit includes a first opening area and a second opening area; the excitation unit comprises a detection shielding shell and an LED excitation plate; the image acquisition unit comprises an optical module and an image sensor;
the first opening area is used for enabling the reagent sheet to be inserted into the reagent sheet fixing bin unit; the second opening area is used for exposing a reaction area of the reagent sheet;
the detection shielding shell is covered on the reagent sheet fixing bin unit to form a reaction cavity; the reaction area of the reagent sheet is exposed in the reaction cavity;
the LED excitation plate, the optical module and the image sensor are arranged above the reaction cavity.
3. The home-based quantitative detection apparatus according to claim 2, wherein,
the optical module and the image sensor are arranged right above the second opening area of the reagent sheet fixing bin unit; the optical module and the image sensor are arranged in a relative central area above the reaction cavity; the LEDs on the LED excitation plate are arranged in opposite edge areas above the reaction cavity.
4. A home quantitative detection apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein said main control unit is disposed outside said reaction chamber;
after the reagent sheet is inserted into the reagent sheet fixing bin unit, the main control unit controls the LEDs on the LED excitation plate to emit excitation light, and fluorescent microspheres in a reaction area of the reagent sheet form fluorescent image signals under the action of the excitation light;
the fluorescent image signals are collected by the image sensor after passing through the optical module, and the image sensor sends collected images to the main control unit.
5. The home quantitative detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the main control unit includes a data transmission module;
the data transmission module is used for sending the concentration value of the detection sample to the mobile terminal.
6. The home quantitative detection apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a power supply unit disposed outside the reaction chamber; the power supply unit comprises a lithium battery and a power supply circuit connected with the lithium battery;
the power supply circuit is connected with the main control unit and supplies power for the main control unit.
7. A home quantitative detection method, characterized in that the home quantitative detection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used, and is executed by a main control unit, the home quantitative detection method comprising:
acquiring an acquisition image, wherein the acquisition image comprises an image target area and an image background area;
extracting gray values of effective pixel points in the image target area to obtain a first gray value;
calculating an average gray value of the image background area to obtain a second gray value;
obtaining a third gray value based on the first gray value and the second gray value; wherein the third gray value is used to characterize a gray volume of the detection sample concentration;
and calculating a concentration curve back based on the third gray value and a preset standard to obtain a concentration value of the detection sample.
8. The home quantitative determination method according to claim 7, wherein after the acquisition of the acquired image, comprising:
denoising the acquired image, and removing system noise through a filtering algorithm;
and carrying out gray level correction processing on the acquired image, and removing errors caused by uneven illumination by correcting gray level data on each pixel point.
9. The home quantitative detection method according to claim 7, further comprising, before the acquiring the acquired image:
the intensity of the excitation light emitted by the excitation unit is calibrated so that each detection is performed at the same illumination intensity.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the performing light intensity calibration on the excitation light emitted by the excitation unit comprises:
acquiring a first image under the condition of excitation light emitted by an excitation unit through an image acquisition unit;
extracting a background gray value of pixels in a preset area in the first image to obtain a first calibration value;
comparing the first calibration value with a pre-stored background gray value to obtain a first difference value;
and when the first difference value is larger than a calibration threshold value, adjusting the illumination intensity of the excitation light so that the adjusted first difference value is smaller than or equal to the calibration threshold value.
11. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the home quantitative detection method according to any one of claims 7 to 10.
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| CN202311613470.0A CN117554604A (en) | 2023-11-29 | 2023-11-29 | Household quantitative detection device, method and storage medium |
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