CN117548885A - Flat drill welding device and welding method thereof - Google Patents
Flat drill welding device and welding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117548885A CN117548885A CN202311854151.9A CN202311854151A CN117548885A CN 117548885 A CN117548885 A CN 117548885A CN 202311854151 A CN202311854151 A CN 202311854151A CN 117548885 A CN117548885 A CN 117548885A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flat drill welding device and a welding method thereof, wherein the flat drill welding device comprises a box body, a flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism, a flat drill workpiece abutting mechanism, a driving rotating mechanism and a flash turning tool mechanism are arranged on the box body, the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism is arranged between the flat drill workpiece abutting mechanism and the driving rotating mechanism, the flash turning tool mechanism is arranged above the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism, the driving rotating mechanism is connected with an anode wire, and the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism is connected with a cathode wire.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding equipment, and particularly relates to a flat drill welding device and a welding method thereof.
Background
Friction welding is a solid-phase pressure welding method which uses heat generated by friction between contact end surfaces of weldments to make the end surfaces reach a thermoplastic state, and then rapidly applies upsetting force to realize welding, and has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) The welding quality is stable, the dimensional accuracy of the weldment is high, and the rejection rate of the joint is obviously lower than that of resistance butt welding and flash butt welding;
(2) The stress of the welding line is small, and the straightness of the welded part is high;
(3) Different kinds of metals can be welded, such as connections between carbon steel and stainless steel, high speed steel, and copper and stainless steel, copper and aluminum, aluminum and steel, steel and zirconium, etc.;
(4) The weldment does not need special cleaning treatment;
(5) The mechanization and automation are easy to realize, the operation is simple, and the welding work site has no sparks, arc lights and harmful gases;
although friction welding has various advantages, in practical applications it also has the following limitations and problems:
(1) When the head of the welded part is uneven or the middle part is convex, the working procedure of the crane must be advanced, otherwise, the part may generate severe vibration, or the linear speed of the middle contact surface is insufficient, so that the friction heat is insufficient, and the welding cannot be performed;
(2) The disc-mounted part and the thin-wall part are easy to deform because the disc-mounted part and the thin-wall part cannot bear larger upsetting pressure;
(3) The maximum section of the current friction welding is 20000 square millimeters, and the one-time investment cost of the high-power friction welding machine is higher;
(4) When bars with the diameter of less than 6MM are welded, the spindle rotation speed can reach 6 ten thousand revolutions to reach the required friction linear speed, which exceeds the upper limit of the rotation speed of a common bearing, thereby obviously increasing the cost;
(5) When welding parts with large mass, most of the power of the motor is used for accelerating the rotation of the workpiece, and after the welding is finished, the kinetic energy is consumed by braking, so that the energy utilization efficiency is reduced;
(6) When materials with larger hardness differences are welded, softer materials may have been excessively extruded by hard materials when the welding temperature is reached, resulting in larger flash formation, thereby reducing the utilization of the materials;
(7) When the welding material is hardened steel, the welding seam of friction welding can be a narrow soft steel area in an annealed state, and stress can be concentrated in the welding seam area during transportation and processing, so that metal fatigue of the welding seam occurs;
therefore, a flat drill welding device and a welding method thereof are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flat drill welding device and a welding method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the flat drill welding device comprises a box body, wherein a flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism, a flat drill workpiece abutting mechanism, a driving rotating mechanism and a flash turning mechanism are arranged on the box body, the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism is arranged between the flat drill workpiece abutting mechanism and the driving rotating mechanism, the flash turning mechanism is arranged above the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism, an anode wire is connected to the driving rotating mechanism, a cathode wire is connected to the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism, and a direct-current power supply is externally connected to the anode wire and the cathode wire;
the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism is used for clamping a flat drill workpiece;
the flat drill workpiece abutting mechanism is used for assisting in moving the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism, so that the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism moves towards the driving rotating mechanism;
the driving and rotating mechanism is used for clamping a workpiece to be welded and driving the workpiece to be welded to rotate;
the flat drill workpiece and the workpiece to be welded form low-voltage pulse direct current through an anode lead and a cathode lead, and the workpiece to be welded is rotationally and frictionally welded on the flat drill workpiece through the driving rotating mechanism;
the deburring turning tool mechanism is used for conducting cutting treatment on welding burrs of the flat drill workpiece and the workpiece to be welded.
Preferably, the flat drill workpiece comprises a flat drill part and a round rod section, the flat drill part and the round rod section are of an integrated structure, the flat drill part is arranged on the flat drill workpiece abutting mechanism, and the round rod section is arranged on the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism.
Preferably, the flat drill workpiece abutting mechanism comprises an air cylinder bracket, an abutting air cylinder, a guide sliding rail, an abutting sliding seat and a positioning abutting seat;
the cylinder support sets up one side of box, the butt cylinder sets up on the cylinder support, the direction slide rail sets up on the box, the butt slide sets up on the direction slide rail, the location butt seat sets up on the butt slide, the output of butt cylinder with the butt slide is connected, the location standing groove has been seted up on the location butt seat, flat drill part location is placed in the location standing groove.
Preferably, the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism is arranged on the abutting sliding seat, and comprises a bottom plate, a clamping seat, a clamping cylinder and a clamping block;
the bottom plate is arranged on the box body, the clamping seat and the clamping cylinder are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate, the clamping block is arranged at the output end of the clamping cylinder, and the circular rod section is clamped and fixed by the clamping block and the clamping seat;
the bottom plate is connected with a negative electrode lead.
Preferably, the driving and rotating mechanism comprises a motor mounting plate, a driving motor, a transmission belt, a driving main shaft, a supporting seat and a rotating shaft seat;
the driving motor is installed in the box body through the motor installation plate, the rotating shaft seat is installed on the box body through the supporting seat, the driving main shaft is installed on the rotating shaft seat, and the output end of the driving motor is in transmission connection with the driving main shaft through the transmission belt.
Preferably, the driving spindle clamps the workpiece to be welded through a collet chuck, and the workpiece to be welded and the round rod section on the flat drill workpiece are aligned.
Preferably, an insulating spacer is arranged between the supporting seat and the rotating shaft seat, the rotating shaft seat is connected with a conductive live wire through a carbon brush, and a conductive disc connected with the carbon brush is arranged on the driving main shaft.
Preferably, the deburring turning tool mechanism comprises a transverse guide rail, a transverse adjusting plate, a transverse adjusting cylinder, a longitudinal guide rail, a longitudinal adjusting plate, a longitudinal adjusting cylinder and a turning tool;
the transverse adjusting plate is arranged on the box body through the transverse guide rail, the transverse adjusting cylinder is arranged on the box body, and the output end of the transverse adjusting cylinder is connected with the transverse adjusting plate;
the longitudinal adjusting plate is arranged on the transverse adjusting plate through the longitudinal guide rail, the longitudinal adjusting cylinder is arranged on the box body, and the output end of the longitudinal adjusting cylinder is connected with the longitudinal adjusting plate;
the turning tool is arranged on the longitudinal adjusting plate.
A welding method for a spade drill welding apparatus comprising the steps of:
A. workpiece clamping and fixing:
firstly, installing a workpiece to be welded on the driving main shaft through a spring chuck, positioning and placing a flat drill part of a flat drill workpiece in a positioning and placing groove, placing a round rod section on a clamping seat, starting a clamping cylinder, and driving a clamping block by the clamping cylinder to clamp and fix the round rod section on the clamping seat so as to finish clamping and fixing the flat drill workpiece;
B. pulse voltage heating:
then, starting an abutting air cylinder, pushing an abutting sliding seat to move along a guiding sliding rail by the abutting air cylinder, enabling a round rod section of the flat drill workpiece to move towards the workpiece to be welded, and then applying low-voltage pulse direct current to the two workpieces by an external direct current power supply through a positive electrode lead and a negative electrode lead, so that a small electric arc is generated between the flat drill workpiece and the workpiece to be welded, and enabling the opposite surfaces of the flat drill workpiece and the workpiece to be welded to start heating and melting;
C. rotating friction welding:
the method comprises the steps that when pulse voltage is used for heating, a driving motor is started, the driving motor drives a driving main shaft to rotate through a driving belt, so that a workpiece to be welded rotates along with the driving main shaft, a round rod section contacts and rubs the rotating workpiece to be welded, contact pressure between a flat drill workpiece and the workpiece to be welded is kept, and the workpiece to be welded and the flat drill workpiece are subjected to friction welding to form a welded workpiece;
D. and (3) welding flash turning:
after the cooling of the welding area is finished, the clamping cylinder contracts to enable the clamping block to loosen the flat drill workpiece, then the abutting cylinder starts to contract to enable the flat drill part of the flat drill workpiece to leave the positioning and placing groove on the positioning and abutting seat, the transverse adjusting cylinder is started to push the transverse adjusting plate to transversely adjust and move along the transverse guide rail, the longitudinal adjusting cylinder is started to push the longitudinal adjusting plate to longitudinally adjust and move along the longitudinal guide rail, the turning tool is enabled to follow the longitudinal adjusting plate to align with the welding area of the welding workpiece, then the driving motor is started, the driving motor drives the driving spindle to rotate through the driving belt, the welding workpiece rotates along with the driving spindle, and the turning tool turns welding flash of the welding workpiece to obtain a welding finished workpiece.
Preferably, in the step C, when the flat drill workpiece and the workpiece to be welded are quenched steel after the welding is completed, a low-voltage direct current is applied between the flat drill workpiece and the workpiece to be welded again, so that a welding annealing area between the flat drill workpiece and the workpiece to be welded is enlarged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the welding starts to ablate the welding surface by electric spark, so that the welding surface is flat, and two pre-machining procedures of the welding surfaces of two workpieces are omitted;
2. during welding, electric spark is used for sharing heating, the upsetting pressure of the workpiece can be less than one tenth, and the weak workpiece can be welded;
3. the welding heat is mainly provided by an electric spark arc, the power of a large welding main shaft can be reduced by one percent, and the equipment cost is reduced;
4. the welding heat is mainly provided by an electric spark arc, the welding rotating speed of the small-diameter bar stock is changed from sixty thousand revolutions per minute, three thousand revolutions per minute are carried by a common ball bearing;
5. the welding heat is mainly provided by an electric spark arc, the welding rotating speed is reduced, the energy for driving a large-quality workpiece is exponentially reduced, and the energy utilization rate is improved;
6. when materials with large hardness difference are welded, electric sparks preheat the workpieces at two sides, the workpieces are subjected to small upsetting force, and the workpieces cannot be excessively extruded out of a welding area during preheating;
7. the heating annealing treatment can be realized by controlling the current, so that the welding problem of the quenching material is solved in a parallel way;
8. because the welding surface of the workpiece is flat, the rotating speed of the driving main shaft 404 is reduced, the upsetting pressure is reduced, the rigidity of the whole equipment can be reduced, an open structure can be used, the cost is saved, and the operation is convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a case; 2. a flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism; 201. a bottom plate; 202. a clamping seat; 203. a clamping cylinder; 204. a clamping block; 3. a flat drill workpiece abutting mechanism; 301. a cylinder bracket; 302. abutting the cylinder; 303. a guide rail; 304. abutting the sliding seat; 305. positioning the abutting seat; 306. positioning a placing groove; 4. driving a rotating machine; 401. a motor mounting plate; 402. a driving motor; 403. a drive belt; 404. driving a main shaft; 405. a support base; 406. a rotating shaft seat; 407. insulating spacers; 408. a carbon brush; 409. a conductive plate; 5. a flash turning tool mechanism; 501. a transverse guide rail; 502. a lateral adjustment plate; 503. a transverse adjusting cylinder; 504. a longitudinal guide rail; 505. a longitudinal adjustment plate; 506. a longitudinal adjustment cylinder; 507. turning tools; 6. a flat drill workpiece; 601. a flat drill part; 602. a round bar section; 7. and (5) welding the workpiece.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to FIGS. 1-5, the present invention provides
The flat drill welding device comprises a box body 1, wherein a flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism 2, a flat drill workpiece abutting mechanism 3, a driving rotary mechanism 4 and a flash turning tool mechanism 5 are arranged on the box body 1, the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism 2 is arranged between the flat drill workpiece abutting mechanism 3 and the driving rotary mechanism 4, the flash turning tool mechanism 5 is arranged above the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism 2, an anode wire is connected to the driving rotary mechanism 4, a cathode wire is connected to the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism 2, and a direct current power supply is externally connected with the anode wire and the cathode wire;
the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism 2 is used for clamping a flat drill workpiece 6, the flat drill workpiece 6 comprises a flat drill part 601 and a round rod section 602, the flat drill part 601 and the round rod section 602 are of an integrated structure, the flat drill part 601 is arranged on the flat drill workpiece abutting mechanism 3, the round rod section 602 is arranged on the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism 2, the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism 2 is arranged on the abutting sliding seat 304, and the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism 2 comprises a bottom plate 201, a clamping seat 202, a clamping cylinder 203 and a clamping block 204; the bottom plate 201 is arranged on the box body 1, the clamping seat 202 and the clamping cylinder 203 are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate 201, the clamping block 204 is arranged at the output end of the clamping cylinder 203, and the clamping block 204 and the clamping seat 202 clamp and fix the round rod section 602; the bottom plate 201 is connected with a negative electrode lead;
the flat drill workpiece abutting mechanism 3 is used for assisting in moving the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism 2, so that the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism 2 moves towards the driving rotating mechanism 4, and the flat drill workpiece abutting mechanism 3 comprises an air cylinder bracket 301, an abutting air cylinder 302, a guide sliding rail 303, an abutting sliding seat 304 and a positioning abutting seat 305; the cylinder support 301 is arranged on one side of the box body 1, the abutting cylinder 302 is arranged on the cylinder support 301, the guide sliding rail 303 is arranged on the box body 1, the abutting sliding seat 304 is arranged on the guide sliding rail 303, the positioning abutting seat 305 is arranged on the abutting sliding seat 304, the output end of the abutting cylinder 302 is connected with the abutting sliding seat 304, the positioning abutting seat 305 is provided with a positioning and placing groove 306, and the flat drill part 601 is positioned and placed in the positioning and placing groove 306;
the driving rotation mechanism 4 is used for clamping the workpiece 7 to be welded and driving the workpiece 7 to be welded to rotate, and the driving rotation mechanism 4 comprises a motor mounting plate 401, a driving motor 402, a transmission belt 403, a driving main shaft 404, a supporting seat 405 and a rotating shaft seat 406; the driving motor 402 is arranged in the box body 1 through the motor mounting plate 401, the rotating shaft seat 406 is arranged on the box body 1 through the supporting seat 405, the driving main shaft 404 is arranged on the rotating shaft seat 406, the output end of the driving motor 402 is in transmission connection with the driving main shaft 404 through the transmission belt 403, the driving main shaft 404 clamps the workpiece 7 to be welded through the collet chuck, the workpiece 7 to be welded is aligned with a round rod section 602 on the flat drill workpiece 6, an insulating spacer 407 is arranged between the supporting seat 405 and the rotating shaft seat 406, the rotating shaft seat 406 is connected with a conductive live wire through a carbon brush 408, and a conductive disc 409 connected with the carbon brush 408 is arranged on the driving main shaft 404;
the flat drill workpiece 6 and the workpiece 7 to be welded form low-voltage pulse direct current through an anode lead and a cathode lead, and the workpiece 7 to be welded is rotationally and frictionally welded on the flat drill workpiece 6 through a driving rotation mechanism 4;
the deburring turning tool mechanism 5 is used for performing cutting treatment on welding burrs of the flat drill workpiece 6 and the workpiece 7 to be welded, and the deburring turning tool mechanism 5 comprises a transverse guide rail 501, a transverse adjusting plate 502, a transverse adjusting cylinder 503, a longitudinal guide rail 504, a longitudinal adjusting plate 505, a longitudinal adjusting cylinder 506 and a turning tool 507; the transverse adjusting plate 502 is arranged on the box body 1 through the transverse guide rail 501, the transverse adjusting cylinder 503 is arranged on the box body 1, and the output end of the transverse adjusting cylinder 503 is connected with the transverse adjusting plate 502; the longitudinal adjusting plate 505 is mounted on the transverse adjusting plate 502 through the longitudinal guide rail 504, the longitudinal adjusting cylinder 506 is mounted on the box body 1, and the output end of the longitudinal adjusting cylinder 506 is connected with the longitudinal adjusting plate 505; a turning tool 507 is provided on the longitudinal adjustment plate 505.
The invention adopts the method of applying pulse voltage between two workpieces to assist friction welding, solves the problem of insufficient heat source due to single friction heating, reduces the welding process requirement, improves the welding quality, and reduces the welding equipment cost and the welding use cost.
The welding method for the flat drill welding device provided by the invention comprises the following steps of:
A. workpiece clamping and fixing:
firstly, a workpiece 7 to be welded is mounted on a driving main shaft 404 through a collet chuck, then a flat drill part 601 of a flat drill workpiece 6 is positioned and placed in a positioning and placing groove 306, a round rod section 602 is placed on a clamping seat 202, a clamping cylinder 203 is started, and the clamping cylinder 203 drives a clamping block 204 to clamp and fix the round rod section 602 on the clamping seat 202, so that the clamping and fixing of the flat drill workpiece 6 are completed;
B. pulse voltage heating:
then, starting an abutting air cylinder 302, pushing an abutting sliding seat 304 to move along a guide sliding rail 303 by the abutting air cylinder 302, enabling a round rod section 602 of a flat drill workpiece 6 to move towards a workpiece 7 to be welded, and then applying low-voltage pulse direct current to the two workpieces by an external direct current power supply through a positive electrode wire and a negative electrode wire, so that a small electric arc is generated between the flat drill workpiece 6 and the workpiece 7 to be welded, and enabling opposite surfaces of the flat drill workpiece 6 and the workpiece 7 to be welded to start heating and melting;
in the initial stages of welding, the contact surface of the work pieces may not be perfectly flat due to the manufacturing and machining process, which means that there may be some local projections on the contact surface of the two work pieces, which projections are called "high points";
when two workpieces are contacted, the uneven high points of the workpieces are instantaneously blown out of the welding surface by the pressure of high-current gasification, the uneven high points of the welding surface are ablated and gasified firstly, after the original high points disappear, the new high points are continuously ablated until other parts of the welding surface start to gradually contact, as the contact area is increased, the average current of the contact surface is reduced to critical current, the phenomenon of gasification with sparks does not occur, the current can be adjusted by voltage, the welding surface absorbs a part of heat input by electric sparks, electric arcs and resistors, the rotating friction of the workpieces becomes main energy input after the welding surface is completely contacted, the welding surface is heated continuously, after the welding metal is softened, the materials of the two workpieces are fully fused together under the rotating left and right, and the impurity oxide layers on the welding surface are extruded out of the welding seam;
as the welding process proceeds, these high points melt and disappear gradually, so that other parts of the welding surface come into contact gradually, in this process, since the original high points have melted, they form a layer of hot metal in the melted state, which serves as a "medium" to help the contact surfaces of the two workpieces to merge better;
when the workpieces are softened and melted, softened metal can be extruded out of a welding surface, the total length of the two workpieces can be obviously shortened by 2-3 mm relative to that of the two workpieces in a friction heating stage, and the welding fusion stage can be judged to be completed by measuring the displacement;
over time, as more high points melt and more contact surfaces come into contact, eventually the contact surfaces of the two workpieces will be in full contact, forming a uniform and continuous weld surface, at which time the hot metal covers the weld surface, and the hot metal forms a firm weld after cooling, thereby ensuring the quality and strength of the weld;
when the fusion is detected to be completed, the main shaft is immediately braked and stopped within 0.1-0.3 seconds, and the 302 cylinder keeps maintaining the pressure. Solidifying the welding line after about 1 second, and finishing welding;
this step ensures that the welding surfaces of the two workpieces are in full contact and metal fusion is achieved by the heat generated by the arc, thereby forming a strong weld;
due to the flow of current and contact resistance, small arcs are generated at these high points, in particular:
1. contact resistance: when two metal objects are in contact, as the surfaces of the two metal objects are not completely smooth, only some tiny contact points (namely high points) are in real contact, the contact resistance between the tiny contact points is relatively high, and the current capable of passing is small;
2. the current flows: when current flows through these high resistance contacts, the contacts generate a lot of heat because the larger the resistance is, the more heat is generated by the current through it (q=iζ2rt, where Q is heat, I is current, R is resistance, t is time according to joule's law);
3. arc generation: when the temperature of these contact points is raised to a level sufficient to vaporize the metal, the metal vapor forms a conductive path, i.e., an arc, which is a high temperature ionized gas that can carry an electrical current between the two electrodes;
4. the duration of the arc: once the arc is formed, its own temperature will further heat the surrounding metal, causing more metal to vaporize and maintain the presence of the arc, in which case the arc is maintained not only by the heat generated by the contact resistance, but also by the heat generated by the arc itself.
5. Effect of arc: the high temperature generated by the arc can quickly melt the metal, which is beneficial in the welding process, because it can help melt the high points and make the welding surface smoother;
in summary, due to the current flow and contact resistance, a large amount of heat is generated at the high point, and when the heat is high enough, an arc is formed, and the arc can quickly melt the metal to assist the welding process;
C. rotating friction welding:
while heating by pulse voltage, starting a driving motor 402, wherein the driving motor 402 drives a driving main shaft 404 to rotate through a transmission belt 403, so that a workpiece 7 to be welded follows the driving main shaft 404 to rotate, a round rod section 602 contacts and rubs the rotating workpiece 7 to be welded, and the contact pressure between the flat drill workpiece 6 and the workpiece 7 to be welded is maintained, so that the workpiece 7 to be welded and the flat drill workpiece 6 are subjected to friction welding to form a welded workpiece;
in the step, friction heat is generated by the rotation of the workpieces, so that the contact surfaces of the workpieces reach a thermoplastic state, and when materials of the two workpieces are fully mixed on the contact surfaces, the rotation of the workpieces is stopped to avoid excessive friction heat from being continuously generated, thereby avoiding excessive heat influence on a welding area;
although the work pieces have stopped rotating, a certain pressure is maintained on the work pieces to ensure that the two work pieces remain in intimate contact during cooling and solidification, thereby ensuring the integrity and strength of the weld, and in addition, the maintained pressure can help to remove any residual air or gas in the weld area, thereby avoiding air holes or other defects in the weld;
under the state of maintaining the pressure, the workpiece starts to naturally cool, and the high-temperature metal in the welding area gradually solidifies in the cooling process to form a firm welding line;
as the temperature decreases, the metal in the weld zone begins to transition from a thermoplastic state to a solid state, eventually joining the two workpieces together stably;
D. and (3) welding flash turning:
after the cooling of the welding area is completed, the clamping cylinder 203 contracts, the clamping block 204 loosens the spade drill workpiece 6, then the abutting cylinder 302 starts to contract, the spade drill part 601 of the spade drill workpiece 6 leaves the positioning and placing groove 306 on the positioning and abutting seat 305, the transverse adjusting cylinder 503 is started, the transverse adjusting cylinder 503 pushes the transverse adjusting plate 502 to transversely adjust and move along the transverse guide rail 501, the longitudinal adjusting cylinder 506 is started, the longitudinal adjusting cylinder 506 pushes the longitudinal adjusting plate 505 to longitudinally adjust and move along the longitudinal guide rail 504, the turning tool 507 is aligned with the welding area of the welding workpiece along the longitudinal adjusting plate 505, then the driving motor 402 is started, and the driving motor 402 drives the driving spindle 404 to rotate through the driving belt 403, so that the welding workpiece follows the driving spindle 404 to rotate, and the welding flash of the turning tool 507 is turned, and the welding finished workpiece is obtained.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, when the flat drill workpiece 6 and the workpiece 7 to be welded are quenched steel after the welding is completed, low-voltage direct current is applied between the flat drill workpiece 6 and the workpiece 7 to be welded again, so that the flat drill workpiece 6 and the workpiece 7 to be welded generate heat through resistance, thereby expanding the heating range, enlarging the welding annealing area, and preventing excessive tensile deformation of the weld zone due to the drop of hardness of the material.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the welding starts to ablate the welding surface by electric spark, so that the welding surface is flat, and two pre-machining procedures of the welding surfaces of two workpieces are omitted;
2. during welding, electric spark is used for sharing heating, so that friction force can be reduced, pressure of upsetting a workpiece can be reduced to be less than one tenth, and a weak workpiece can be welded;
3. the welding heat is mainly provided by an electric spark arc, the power of a large welding main shaft can be reduced by one percent, and the equipment cost is reduced;
4. the welding heat is mainly provided by an electric spark arc, the welding rotating speed of the small-diameter bar stock is changed from sixty thousand revolutions per minute, three thousand revolutions per minute are carried by a common ball bearing;
5. the welding heat is mainly provided by an electric spark arc, the welding rotating speed is reduced, the energy for driving a large-quality workpiece is exponentially reduced, and the energy utilization rate is improved;
6. when materials with large hardness difference are welded, electric sparks preheat the workpieces at two sides, the workpieces are subjected to small upsetting force, and the workpieces cannot be excessively extruded out of a welding area during preheating;
7. the heating annealing treatment can be realized by controlling the current, so that the welding problem of the quenching material is solved in a parallel way;
8. because the welding surface of the workpiece is flat, the rotation speed of the driving main shaft 404 is reduced, the upsetting pressure is reduced, the rigidity of the whole equipment can be reduced, an open structure can be used, the cost is saved, and the operation is convenient;
9. compared with single flash welding equipment, the flash turning tool mechanism is conveniently increased, and the integration level of the equipment is improved;
10. the rotation speed of the drive spindle 404 is reduced, and a workpiece having a large eccentricity can be welded.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The flat drill welding device is characterized by comprising a box body (1), wherein a flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism (2), a flat drill workpiece abutting mechanism (3), a driving rotating mechanism (4) and a flash turning mechanism (5) are arranged on the box body (1), the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism (2) is arranged between the flat drill workpiece abutting mechanism (3) and the driving rotating mechanism (4), the flash turning mechanism (5) is arranged above the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism (2), an anode lead is connected to the driving rotating mechanism (4), a cathode lead is connected to the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism (2), and a direct current power supply is externally connected to the anode lead and the cathode lead;
the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism (2) is used for clamping a flat drill workpiece (6);
the flat drill workpiece abutting mechanism (3) is used for assisting in moving the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism (2) so that the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism (2) moves towards the driving rotating mechanism (4);
the driving and rotating mechanism (4) is used for clamping a workpiece (7) to be welded and driving the workpiece (7) to be welded to rotate;
the flat drill workpiece (6) and the workpiece (7) to be welded form low-voltage pulse direct current through an anode lead and a cathode lead, and the workpiece (7) to be welded is rotationally and frictionally welded on the flat drill workpiece (6) through the driving rotary mechanism (4);
the deburring turning tool mechanism (5) is used for conducting cutting treatment on welding burrs of the flat drill workpiece (6) and the workpiece (7) to be welded.
2. A spade drill welding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the flat drill workpiece (6) comprises a flat drill part (601) and a round rod section (602), the flat drill part (601) and the round rod section (602) are of an integrated structure, the flat drill part (601) is arranged on the flat drill workpiece abutting mechanism (3), and the round rod section (602) is arranged on the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism (2).
3. A spade drill welding apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the flat drill workpiece abutting mechanism (3) comprises an air cylinder bracket (301), an abutting air cylinder (302), a guide sliding rail (303), an abutting sliding seat (304) and a positioning abutting seat (305);
the cylinder support (301) is arranged on one side of the box body (1), the abutting cylinder (302) is arranged on the cylinder support (301), the guide sliding rail (303) is arranged on the box body (1), the abutting sliding seat (304) is arranged on the guide sliding rail (303), the positioning abutting seat (305) is arranged on the abutting sliding seat (304), the output end of the abutting cylinder (302) is connected with the abutting sliding seat (304), the positioning abutting seat (305) is provided with a positioning placing groove (306), and the spade drill part (601) is positioned and placed in the positioning placing groove (306).
4. A spade drill welding apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism (2) is arranged on the abutting sliding seat (304), and the flat drill workpiece clamping mechanism (2) comprises a bottom plate (201), a clamping seat (202), a clamping cylinder (203) and a clamping block (204);
the bottom plate (201) is arranged on the box body (1), the clamping seat (202) and the clamping cylinder (203) are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate (201), the clamping block (204) is arranged at the output end of the clamping cylinder (203), and the round rod section (602) is clamped and fixed by the clamping block (204) and the clamping seat (202);
the bottom plate (201) is connected with a negative electrode lead.
5. The spade drill welding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the driving and rotating mechanism (4) comprises a motor mounting plate (401), a driving motor (402), a transmission belt (403), a driving main shaft (404), a supporting seat (405) and a rotating shaft seat (406);
the driving motor (402) is installed in the box body (1) through the motor installation plate (401), the rotating shaft seat (406) is installed on the box body (1) through the supporting seat (405), the driving main shaft (404) is installed on the rotating shaft seat (406), and the output end of the driving motor (402) is in transmission connection with the driving main shaft (404) through the transmission belt (403).
6. The spade drill welding apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the driving main shaft (404) clamps the workpiece (7) to be welded through a collet chuck, and the round rod section (602) on the workpiece (7) to be welded and the flat drill workpiece (6) are aligned.
7. The spade drill welding apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: an insulating spacer (407) is arranged between the supporting seat (405) and the rotating shaft seat (406), the rotating shaft seat (406) is connected with a conductive live wire through a carbon brush (408), and the driving main shaft (404) is provided with a conductive disc (409) connected with the carbon brush (408).
8. A spade drill welding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the deburring turning tool mechanism (5) comprises a transverse guide rail (501), a transverse adjusting plate (502), a transverse adjusting cylinder (503), a longitudinal guide rail (504), a longitudinal adjusting plate (505), a longitudinal adjusting cylinder (506) and a turning tool (507);
the transverse adjusting plate (502) is arranged on the box body (1) through the transverse guide rail (501), the transverse adjusting cylinder (503) is arranged on the box body (1), and the output end of the transverse adjusting cylinder (503) is connected with the transverse adjusting plate (502);
the longitudinal adjusting plate (505) is arranged on the transverse adjusting plate (502) through the longitudinal guide rail (504), the longitudinal adjusting cylinder (506) is arranged on the box body (1), and the output end of the longitudinal adjusting cylinder (506) is connected with the longitudinal adjusting plate (505);
the turning tool (507) is arranged on the longitudinal adjusting plate (505).
9. A welding method for a spade drill welding apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
A. workpiece clamping and fixing:
firstly, a workpiece (7) to be welded is mounted on the driving main shaft (404) through a collet chuck, then a flat drill part (601) of a flat drill workpiece (6) is positioned and placed in a positioning and placing groove (306), a round rod section (602) is placed on a clamping seat (202), a clamping cylinder (203) is started, and the clamping cylinder (203) drives a clamping block (204) to clamp and fix the round rod section (602) on the clamping seat (202), so that the clamping and fixing of the flat drill workpiece (6) is completed;
B. pulse voltage heating:
then starting an abutting air cylinder (302), pushing an abutting sliding seat (304) to move along a guide sliding rail (303) by the abutting air cylinder (302), enabling a round rod section (602) of a flat drill workpiece (6) to move towards a workpiece (7) to be welded, and then applying low-voltage pulse direct current to the two workpieces by an external direct current power supply through a positive electrode wire and a negative electrode wire, so that a small electric arc is generated between the flat drill workpiece (6) and the workpiece (7) to be welded, and enabling opposite surfaces of the flat drill workpiece (6) and the workpiece (7) to be welded to start heating and melting;
C. rotating friction welding:
starting a driving motor (402) while heating by pulse voltage, and driving the driving spindle (404) to rotate by the driving motor (402) through a transmission belt (403) so that the workpiece (7) to be welded rotates along with the driving spindle (404), so that the round rod section (602) and the rotating workpiece (7) to be welded are in contact friction, and the contact pressure between the flat drill workpiece (6) and the workpiece (7) to be welded is maintained, so that the workpiece (7) to be welded and the flat drill workpiece (6) are in friction welding to form a welding workpiece;
D. and (3) welding flash turning:
after cooling of the welding area is completed, the clamping cylinder (203) contracts, the clamping block (204) loosens the flat drill workpiece (6), then the abutting cylinder (302) starts to contract, the flat drill part (601) of the flat drill workpiece (6) leaves the positioning placing groove (306) on the positioning abutting seat (305), the transverse adjusting cylinder (503) is started, the transverse adjusting cylinder (503) pushes the transverse adjusting plate (502) to move along the transverse guide rail (501) in a transverse adjusting manner, the longitudinal adjusting cylinder (506) is started, the longitudinal adjusting cylinder (506) pushes the longitudinal adjusting plate (505) to move along the longitudinal guide rail (504) in a longitudinal adjusting manner, the turning tool (507) is enabled to follow the longitudinal adjusting plate (505) to align with the welding area of the welding workpiece, then the driving motor (402) is started, the driving spindle (404) is driven to rotate by the driving motor (402) through the driving belt (403), the welding workpiece is enabled to rotate along the driving spindle (404), and the turning tool (507) is enabled to carry out turning on the welding edges of the welding workpiece, and a welding finished workpiece is obtained.
10. The welding method of a spade drill welding apparatus according to claim 9, wherein in the step C, when the spade drill work piece (6) and the work piece (7) to be welded are quenched steel after the completion of the welding, a low voltage direct current is applied again between the spade drill work piece (6) and the work piece (7) to be welded, so that a welding annealing area between the spade drill work piece (6) and the work piece (7) to be welded is enlarged.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311854151.9A CN117548885A (en) | 2023-12-29 | 2023-12-29 | Flat drill welding device and welding method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311854151.9A CN117548885A (en) | 2023-12-29 | 2023-12-29 | Flat drill welding device and welding method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117548885A true CN117548885A (en) | 2024-02-13 |
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ID=89812983
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311854151.9A Pending CN117548885A (en) | 2023-12-29 | 2023-12-29 | Flat drill welding device and welding method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117548885A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-12-29 CN CN202311854151.9A patent/CN117548885A/en active Pending
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