CN117537348A - Gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking device and process of power plant garbage incinerator - Google Patents
Gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking device and process of power plant garbage incinerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN117537348A CN117537348A CN202311401977.XA CN202311401977A CN117537348A CN 117537348 A CN117537348 A CN 117537348A CN 202311401977 A CN202311401977 A CN 202311401977A CN 117537348 A CN117537348 A CN 117537348A
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- flue gas
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 238000005235 decoking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Inorganic materials [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D49/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by other methods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking device and a process thereof of a power plant garbage incinerator, wherein the gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking device comprises a jet coupling enhanced turbulence gas-solid mixing system, a gas-solid separation system and an adsorption particle circulating supplementing system, the jet coupling enhanced turbulence gas-solid mixing system can enable high-temperature flue gas and adsorption particles to be fully contacted in a manner of enhancing gas-solid turbulence, the adsorption efficiency of the adsorption particles on fly ash in the flue gas is improved, and the adsorption particle circulating supplementing system can realize online removal of the adsorbed particles and continuously supplement fresh solid adsorption particles to the gas-solid turbulence mixing system. The process can realize the high-efficiency removal of the fly ash in the high-temperature flue gas of the power plant garbage incinerator, and effectively prevent the fly ash generated by combustion from adhering to the water-cooled wall and coking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage combustion power generation, in particular to a gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking device and a process thereof of a power plant garbage incinerator.
Background
With the high-speed promotion of town and the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the clean transportation amount of the household garbage is increased year by year, the harmless treatment of the household garbage is increasingly an important subject which is required to be solved and is closely related to the living quality of people and environmental protection, and the garbage incineration power generation process can effectively convert the waste into energy, and meanwhile, the garbage power generation process is developed at the present day that petroleum and coal are increasingly exhausted, so that the development of the garbage power generation process has the environment-friendly value and huge economic benefit of double carbon reduction.
In the combustion process of the incinerator for generating electricity by garbage incineration, when the temperature in a hearth is higher, fly ash particles are contained in high-temperature flue gas, substances such as calcium oxide, silicon dioxide and manganese oxide contained in the particles react to form a eutectic substance with a low melting point which is in a molten or semi-molten state, the eutectic substance has higher bonding capacity and can adhere to the wall surface of a water wall pipe in the hearth to coke, coked substances reduce heat transfer, uneven heat exchange of the water wall pipe is caused, and coked components can corrode the wall of the water wall pipe to cause the explosion of the water wall pipe, so that the shutdown pickling pipe is decoking, but the viscosity of molten metal to the water wall pipe is very strong and is difficult to remove, so that the pipe replacement is needed, and economic loss is caused.
The heat transfer efficiency from the combustion system to the vaporization system is greatly reduced due to coking, and meanwhile, the production cost is greatly increased due to huge economic loss caused by the steps of shutdown, wall pipe changing and the like, so that the coking problem of the garbage incinerator needs to be solved.
The prior technology for preventing the water wall pipe from preventing and eliminating the coke mainly comprises the following steps:
1) The high-quality coal is used as raw material, and because the high-quality coal has high carbon content, the coal can be fully combusted, and meanwhile, the high-quality coal contains substances which are easy to generate molten metal content, such as calcium oxide, silicon dioxide, manganese oxide and the like, so that the amount of generated fly ash is reduced, and meanwhile, the molten metal content in the fly ash is obviously reduced. But high-quality coal is too high in cost, and coal belongs to non-renewable resources, so that development of cheap, recyclable and renewable resources as combustion raw materials is required.
2) The existing technology for preventing and eliminating the coke of the water wall pipe of the power plant comprises the steps of coating the outer wall of a water wall, adopting inorganic-organic silicon resin with high-temperature-resistant and oxidation-resistant substances as coating raw materials, and adding a certain amount of nano graphite flakes, alumina and other combinations. However, because the components of the garbage are complex, the components in the fly ash generated by burning the garbage are complex, the technology cannot be aimed at the characteristics of complex components in the fly ash generated by burning the raw materials, and the adsorption of all the components easy to coke in the fly ash on the pipe wall cannot be ensured, so that the operation flexibility is lacked; meanwhile, the coating process needs to adopt a height Wen Rongfu on the outer wall of the water wall pipe, and the process has the problems of stress stretch-breaking of the water wall pipe, aggravated abrasion of a deposited end part and the like.
3) The prior technology for preventing and removing the coke from the water wall pipe of the power plant also comprises a method for adding a coke removing agent in a burning vigorous area of a hearth. The decoking agent contains copper powder, magnesium oxide, nitrate and other substances, the cost is high, and the addition of the decoking agent in the combustion process influences the combustion efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In one aspect, the invention provides a gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking device of a power plant garbage incinerator, which comprises a gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking component arranged inside the power plant garbage incinerator and a decoking material reservoir arranged outside the power plant garbage incinerator, wherein the gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking Jiao Zujian is communicated with one end of the decoking material reservoir through a gas stripping pipe and is contacted with a high-temperature flue gas pipeline of the power plant garbage incinerator, the other end of the decoking material reservoir is connected with an air preheater which is shunted by the power plant garbage incinerator through the gas stripping pipe,
the decoking material reservoir is used for providing decoking material to the gas-solid circulating fluidized decoking assembly,
the gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking component is used for carrying out gas-solid fluidization adsorption operation on decoking materials provided by the decoking material storage device and fly ash generated by a high-temperature flue gas pipeline of the power plant garbage incinerator, preventing the fly ash generated by the high-temperature flue gas pipeline of the power plant garbage incinerator from adhering and coking on a water cooling wall,
the gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking assembly comprises a gas-solid mixing chamber, a nozzle, a gas-solid separation chamber and a flue gas channel, wherein the top end of the flue gas channel is communicated with the bottom end of the gas-solid mixing chamber through the nozzle, the lower part of the outer wall of the gas-solid mixing chamber is communicated with the top end of the decoking material storage through a gas stripping pipe, the upper part of the outer wall of the gas-solid mixing chamber is communicated with the lower part of the gas-solid separation chamber through a flue pipe, the gas-solid mixing chamber is used for strengthening gas-solid turbulence, the operation of adsorbing fly ash in high-temperature flue gas by porous carbon particles is increased, the gas-solid separation chamber is used for discharging and absorbing and recovering porous particles after absorbing the high-temperature flue gas after removing the fly ash, the flue gas channel and the nozzle are matched for introducing the high-temperature flue gas of the power plant garbage incinerator into the gas-solid mixing chamber, and a turbulence strengthening component is arranged in the gas-solid mixing chamber, and the flue gas channel, the nozzle and the gas-solid mixing chamber form a jet coupling strengthening turbulent gas-solid mixing system;
preferably, a gas-solid mixing screen is arranged at the bottom of the gas-solid mixing chamber, the outer wall of the gas-solid mixing screen is in contact with the inner wall of the gas-solid mixing chamber, the turbulence strengthening parts are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the middle upper part of the gas-solid mixing chamber at intervals, and the gas-solid mixing screen is used for placing porous carbon particles;
preferably, the outer wall of the flue gas channel is provided with ceramic plates, the ceramic plates are sequentially provided with ceramic plate air inlets at intervals, and high-temperature flue gas of the garbage incinerator of the power plant is introduced into the flue gas channel through the ceramic plate air inlets;
preferably, the gas-solid separation chamber is tangential to the flue pipe, the gas-solid separation chamber is used for separating gas phase from solid phase under the action of centrifugal force, the middle upper part of the gas-solid separation chamber is provided with a high temperature flue gas exhaust hole for removing fly ash, the bottom end of the gas-solid separation chamber is provided with a solid particle discharge pipeline, and the gas-solid separation chamber, the gas-solid separation chamber exhaust hole and the solid particle discharge pipeline form a gas-solid separation system;
preferably, the top end of the decoking material storage is provided with a decoking material feed inlet, the decoking material storage, the gas stripping pipe and an air preheater for diverting the garbage incinerator of the power plant form an adsorption particle circulating and supplementing system,
the decoking material feed inlet is used for continuously storing fresh activated carbon particles into the decoking material storage;
preferably, the gas-solid mixing chamber is of a cylindrical or square structure;
preferably, the turbulence-enhancing member comprises a fin or wall helix;
on the other hand, the invention also provides a gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking process of the power plant garbage incinerator, which comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion of an incinerator of a power plant enters the flue gas channel through a ceramic plate air inlet hole on the ceramic plate and rapidly enters the gas-solid mixing chamber through the nozzle, the high-temperature flue gas passes through a gas-solid mixing screen to carry porous carbon particles at the top of the gas-solid mixing screen so as to form a gas-solid two-phase flow, turbulence of the gas-solid two-phase flow is increased at a fin, so that active carbon and the high-temperature flue gas are fully mixed, and fly ash in the flue gas is promoted to be fully adsorbed by the active carbon particles;
then, the high-temperature flue gas and the activated carbon particles after the fly ash adsorption enter a gas-solid separation chamber through a flue pipe, the flue gas and the activated carbon after the fly ash adsorption are separated through centrifugal action, the flue gas flows upwards and is discharged through an exhaust hole of the gas-solid separation chamber to contact the outer wall of a water wall pipe of an incinerator of a power plant, and heat is transferred to the water wall pipe of the incinerator of the power plant;
finally, the activated carbon deactivated by the adsorption fly ash is discharged out of the furnace through a solid particle discharge pipeline for recovery treatment, and the preheated air split by the air preheater carries the activated carbon in the decoking material reservoir into the gas-solid mixing chamber through a gas stripping pipe to supplement fresh activated carbon particles.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking device and a process thereof of a power plant garbage incinerator, and has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
1) The invention uses gas-solid fluidization technique to make the fly ash produced by combustion contact with adsorption particles such as active carbon, so as to greatly improve the adsorption efficiency of the fly ash, effectively remove the fly ash in high-temperature flue gas, prevent the water wall pipe from coking, reduce the problems of heat transfer efficiency drop caused by coking, water pipe corrosion easy explosion and the like, and greatly improve the production benefit.
2) According to the invention, the adsorption particle type capable of effectively removing the easily coked component in the fly ash can be flexibly added in the gas-solid mixing chamber according to the fly ash component, and the fly ash removal efficiency is effectively improved, so that the combustion raw material is not limited to high-quality coal which can be fully combusted, and renewable energy sources such as garbage, straw and the like can be used as fuel, and the selectivity and the diversification of the fuel are improved.
3) The invention can realize the instant circulation and supplementary updating of the particles such as the solid activated carbon and the like on line, and reduces the shutdown links.
4) According to the invention, the fins are added in the gas-solid mixing chamber, so that the turbulence degree of gas-solid two-phase flow of adsorption particles such as high-temperature flue gas and activated carbon is increased, the components easy to coke in the high-temperature flue gas are fully contacted with the particles such as the activated carbon, and the adsorption efficiency of the solid particles is improved.
5) The nozzle of the invention improves the gas flow rate, increases the gas-solid two-phase turbulence, is beneficial to the full contact adsorption of high-temperature flue gas and porous carbon particles, and improves the fly ash adsorption efficiency of the porous carbon particles on the flue gas; meanwhile, the gas flow rate at the nozzle is high, the pressure is low, and fresh porous carbon particles can be supplemented in the screen of the gas-solid mixing chamber (close to the nozzle) in an instant manner by the gas stripping method.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a gas-solid circulating fluidized decoking device of a power plant garbage incinerator.
Wherein: 1. a ceramic plate; 2. a flue gas channel; 3. a nozzle; 4. a gas-solid mixing chamber; 5. a gas-solid separation chamber; 6. a decoking material reservoir; 7. a flue pipe; 8. a valve; 9. a solid particle discharge conduit; 10. a gas stripping tube; 11. and an exhaust hole of the gas-solid separation chamber.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking device of a power plant garbage incinerator, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises a gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking component arranged inside the power plant garbage incinerator and a decoking material reservoir 6 arranged outside the power plant garbage incinerator, wherein the gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking Jiao Zujian is communicated with one end of the decoking material reservoir 6 through a gas stripping pipe 10 and is contacted with a high-temperature flue gas pipeline of the power plant garbage incinerator, the other end of the decoking material reservoir 6 is connected with an air preheater which is shunted by the power plant garbage incinerator through the gas stripping pipe 10,
the decoking material reservoir 6 is used for providing decoking material to the gas-solid circulating fluidized decoking assembly,
the gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking component is used for carrying out gas-solid fluidization operation on decoking materials provided by the decoking material storage 6 and fly ash generated by a high-temperature flue gas pipeline of the power plant garbage incinerator, preventing the fly ash generated by the high-temperature flue gas pipeline of the power plant garbage incinerator from adhering and coking on a water-cooled wall,
the gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking assembly comprises a gas-solid mixing chamber 4, a nozzle 3, a gas-solid separation chamber 5 and a flue gas channel 2, wherein the top end of the flue gas channel 2 is communicated with the bottom end of the gas-solid mixing chamber 4 through the nozzle 3, the lower part of the outer wall of the gas-solid mixing chamber 4 is communicated with the top end of a decoking material storage 6 through a gas stripping pipe 10, the upper part of the outer wall of the gas-solid mixing chamber 4 is communicated with the lower part of the gas-solid separation chamber 5 through a flue pipe 7, the gas-solid mixing chamber 4 is used for strengthening gas-solid turbulence, increasing the operation that fly ash in high-temperature flue gas is adsorbed by porous carbon particles, the gas-solid separation chamber 5 is used for discharging and absorbing and recovering porous particles after adsorption of the high-temperature flue gas after fly ash removal, the cooperation of the flue gas channel 2 and the nozzle 3 is used for introducing high-temperature flue gas of a power plant garbage incinerator into the gas-solid mixing chamber 4, a turbulence strengthening part is arranged in the gas-solid mixing chamber 4, and the flue gas channel 2, the nozzle 3 and the gas-solid mixing chamber 4 form a jet coupling turbulence strengthening gas-solid mixing system.
In this embodiment, a gas-solid mixing screen (not numbered in the figure) is disposed at the bottom of the gas-solid mixing chamber 4, the outer wall of the gas-solid mixing screen contacts with the inner wall of the gas-solid mixing chamber 4, the turbulence enhancing members (not numbered in the figure) are sequentially disposed on the inner wall of the upper middle portion of the gas-solid mixing chamber 4 at intervals,
the turbulence-enhancing members include fins or wall spiral structures,
porous carbon particles are placed on the gas-solid mixing screen, and other adsorption particles can be added into the porous carbon particles for adsorbing the fly ash according to different coking components in the fly ash in actual use.
In this embodiment, a ceramic plate 1 is disposed on the outer wall of the flue gas channel 2, and ceramic plate air inlets (not numbered in the figure) are sequentially disposed on the ceramic plate 1 at intervals, and high-temperature flue gas of the power plant garbage incinerator is introduced into the flue gas channel 2 through the ceramic plate air inlets.
In this embodiment, the gas-solid separation chamber 5 is tangential to the flue pipe 7, the gas-solid separation chamber 5 is used for realizing separation of gas-solid phases under the action of centrifugal force, the middle upper part of the gas-solid separation chamber 5 is provided with a high temperature flue gas exhaust hole 11 after fly ash removal, the bottom end of the gas-solid separation chamber 5 is provided with a solid particle discharge pipeline 9, and the gas-solid separation chamber 5, the gas-solid separation chamber exhaust hole 11 and the solid particle discharge pipeline 9 form a gas-solid separation system.
In this embodiment, a decoking material feed port (not numbered in the figure) is provided at the top end of the decoking material reservoir 6, and the decoking material reservoir 6, the gas stripping pipe 10 and the air preheater branched from the power plant garbage incinerator constitute an adsorption particle circulation replenishing system.
In use, fresh activated carbon particles may be stored continuously through the decoking material feed port into the decoking material reservoir 6.
In this embodiment, the gas-solid mixing chamber 4 has a cylindrical or square structure.
In this embodiment, the solid particle discharge pipe 9 and the gas stripping pipe 10 are both provided with valves 8, and the valves 8 can be opened or closed according to practical situations when in use.
The invention also provides a gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking process of the power plant garbage incinerator, which comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion of an incinerator of a power plant enters the flue gas channel 2 through a ceramic plate air inlet hole on the ceramic plate 1 and rapidly enters the gas-solid mixing chamber 4 through the nozzle 3, the high-temperature flue gas passes through a gas-solid mixing screen to carry porous carbon particles at the top of the gas-solid mixing screen to form a gas-solid two-phase flow, turbulence of the gas-solid two-phase flow is increased at a fin, so that active carbon and the high-temperature flue gas are fully mixed, and fly ash in the flue gas is promoted to be fully adsorbed by the active carbon particles;
then, the high-temperature flue gas and the activated carbon particles after the fly ash adsorption enter the gas-solid separation chamber 5 through the flue pipe 7, the flue gas is separated from the activated carbon after the fly ash adsorption through the centrifugal action, the flue gas flows upwards and is discharged through the gas-solid separation chamber exhaust hole 11 to contact the outer wall of the water wall pipe of the incinerator of the power plant, and heat is transferred to the water wall pipe of the incinerator of the power plant;
finally, the activated carbon deactivated by the adsorption fly ash is discharged out of the furnace through a solid particle discharge pipeline 9 for recovery treatment, and the preheated air split by the air preheater carries the activated carbon in the decoking material reservoir 6 into the gas-solid mixing chamber 4 through a gas stripping pipe 10 to supplement fresh activated carbon particles.
The invention relates to a gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking process of a power plant garbage incinerator, which can sufficiently remove fly ash generated in garbage incineration and effectively prevent the problems of adhesion and coking of the fly ash generated by combustion on a water-cooled wall.
The relative steps, numerical expressions and numerical values of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise.
The flowcharts and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described system and apparatus may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
In addition, in the description of embodiments of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited thereto, and that the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples: any person skilled in the art may modify or easily conceive of the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent substitution of some of the technical features, while remaining within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking device of a power plant garbage incinerator is characterized in that: comprises a gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking assembly arranged inside a power plant garbage incinerator and a decoking material reservoir (6) arranged outside the power plant garbage incinerator, wherein the gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking Jiao Zujian is communicated with one end of the decoking material reservoir (6) through a gas stripping pipe (10) and is contacted with a high-temperature flue gas pipeline of the power plant garbage incinerator, the other end of the decoking material reservoir (6) is connected with an air preheater which is shunted by the power plant garbage incinerator through the gas stripping pipe (10),
the decoking material reservoir (6) is used for providing decoking material to the gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking assembly,
the gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking component is used for carrying out gas-solid fluidization operation on decoking materials provided by the decoking material storage device (6) and fly ash generated by a high-temperature flue gas pipeline of the power plant garbage incinerator, preventing the fly ash generated by the high-temperature flue gas pipeline of the power plant garbage incinerator from adhering to and coking on a water-cooled wall,
the gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking component comprises a gas-solid mixing chamber (4), a nozzle (3), a gas-solid separation chamber (5) and a flue gas channel (2), wherein the top end of the flue gas channel (2) is communicated with the bottom end of the gas-solid mixing chamber (4) through the nozzle (3), the lower part of the outer wall of the gas-solid mixing chamber (4) is communicated with the top end of a decoking material storage (6) through a gas stripping pipe (10), the upper part of the outer wall of the gas-solid mixing chamber (4) is communicated with the lower part of the gas-solid separation chamber (5) through a flue pipe (7), the gas-solid mixing chamber (4) is used for strengthening gas-solid turbulence, the operation of adsorbing porous carbon particles in high-temperature flue gas is enhanced, the gas-solid separation chamber (5) is used for discharging the high-temperature flue gas after fly ash removal and absorbing and recovering the porous particles after adsorption, the cooperation of the flue gas channel (2) and the nozzle (3) is used for rapidly introducing the high-temperature flue gas of a power plant incinerator into the gas-solid mixing chamber (4), the gas-solid mixing chamber (4) is provided with a turbulence-enhanced part,
the flue gas channel (2), the nozzle (3) and the gas-solid mixing chamber (4) form a jet coupling reinforced turbulent flow gas-solid mixing system.
2. The gas-solid circulating fluidized decoking device of a power plant garbage incinerator according to claim 1, wherein: the inside bottom of gas-solid mixing chamber (4) is provided with gas-solid mixing screen, the outer wall of gas-solid mixing screen with the inner wall contact of gas-solid mixing chamber (4), the interval sets gradually on the inner wall on well upper portion of gas-solid mixing chamber (4) the turbulence reinforcing part, gas-solid mixing screen is used for placing porous carbon granule.
3. The gas-solid circulating fluidized decoking device of a power plant garbage incinerator according to claim 1, wherein: the flue gas incinerator is characterized in that a ceramic plate (1) is arranged on the outer wall of the flue gas channel (2), ceramic plate air inlets are sequentially formed in the ceramic plate (1) at intervals, and high-temperature flue gas of the power plant garbage incinerator is introduced into the flue gas channel (2) through the ceramic plate air inlets.
4. The gas-solid circulating fluidized decoking device of a power plant garbage incinerator according to claim 1, wherein: the gas-solid separation chamber (5) is tangential to the flue pipe (7), the gas-solid separation chamber (5) is used for realizing the separation of gas-solid two phases under the action of centrifugal force, the middle upper part of the gas-solid separation chamber (5) is provided with a high-temperature flue gas exhaust hole (11) after fly ash removal,
the bottom end of the gas-solid separation chamber (5) is provided with a solid particle discharge pipeline (9), and the gas-solid separation chamber (5), a gas-solid separation chamber exhaust hole (11) and the solid particle discharge pipeline (9) form a gas-solid separation system.
5. The gas-solid circulating fluidized decoking device of a power plant garbage incinerator according to claim 1, wherein: the top end of the decoking material storage (6) is provided with a decoking material feed inlet, the decoking material storage (6), the gas stripping pipe (10) and a split-flow air preheater of the power plant garbage incinerator form an adsorption particle circulating and supplementing system,
the decoking material feed inlet is used for continuously storing fresh activated carbon particles into the decoking material storage (6).
6. The gas-solid circulating fluidized decoking device of a power plant garbage incinerator according to claim 1, wherein: the gas-solid mixing chamber (4) is of a cylindrical or square structure.
7. The gas-solid circulating fluidized decoking device of a power plant garbage incinerator according to claim 2, wherein: the turbulence-enhancing members include fins or wall spiral structures.
8. A gas-solid circulating fluidized decoking process of a power plant garbage incinerator according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion of an incinerator of a power plant enters the flue gas channel (2) through a ceramic plate air inlet hole on the ceramic plate (1) and rapidly enters the gas-solid mixing chamber (4) through the nozzle (3), the high-temperature flue gas passes through a gas-solid mixing screen to carry porous carbon particles at the top of the gas-solid mixing screen to form a gas-solid two-phase flow, turbulence of the gas-solid two-phase flow is increased at a fin, so that active carbon and the high-temperature flue gas are fully mixed, and fly ash in the flue gas is promoted to be fully adsorbed by the active carbon particles;
then, the high-temperature flue gas and the activated carbon particles after the fly ash adsorption enter a gas-solid separation chamber (5) through a flue pipe (7), the flue gas and the activated carbon after the fly ash adsorption are separated through centrifugal action, the flue gas flows upwards and is discharged through a gas-solid separation chamber exhaust hole (11) to contact the outer wall of a water wall pipe of an incinerator of a power plant, and heat is transferred to the water wall pipe of the incinerator of the power plant;
finally, the activated carbon deactivated by the adsorption fly ash is discharged out of the furnace through a solid particle discharge pipeline (9) for recovery treatment, and the preheated air split by the air preheater carries the activated carbon in the decoking material reservoir (6) into the gas-solid mixing chamber (4) through a gas stripping pipe (10) to supplement fresh activated carbon particles.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311401977.XA CN117537348A (en) | 2023-10-26 | 2023-10-26 | Gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking device and process of power plant garbage incinerator |
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| CN202311401977.XA CN117537348A (en) | 2023-10-26 | 2023-10-26 | Gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking device and process of power plant garbage incinerator |
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| CN202311401977.XA Pending CN117537348A (en) | 2023-10-26 | 2023-10-26 | Gas-solid circulating fluidization decoking device and process of power plant garbage incinerator |
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- 2023-10-26 CN CN202311401977.XA patent/CN117537348A/en active Pending
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