CN117535570A - Aluminum-magnesium alloy plate with high formability and high welding performance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum-magnesium alloy plate with high formability and high welding performance and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117535570A CN117535570A CN202311506071.4A CN202311506071A CN117535570A CN 117535570 A CN117535570 A CN 117535570A CN 202311506071 A CN202311506071 A CN 202311506071A CN 117535570 A CN117535570 A CN 117535570A
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- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- -1 aluminum-manganese Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;titanium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ti] UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QQHSIRTYSFLSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Al].[Cr] QQHSIRTYSFLSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum copper Chemical compound [Al].[Cu] WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010017472 Fumbling Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001085205 Prenanthella exigua Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/003—Aluminium alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B2003/001—Aluminium or its alloys
Abstract
The invention relates to an aluminum magnesium alloy plate with high formability and high welding performance and a preparation method thereof, and the aluminum magnesium alloy plate is prepared by adjustingControl Al 3 Mg 2 The phase separation and distribution state are carried out, so that the 5xxx aluminum alloy material with strong strength, corrosion resistance, weldability and good formability is obtained, a scientific foundation is laid for researching and developing the aluminum alloy for the automobile, and the aluminum material supply and quality guarantee capability for the automobile inner covering part and the structural part are improved. The tensile strength of the plate prepared by the cast ingot at normal temperature is more than or equal to 260MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 125MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 23%; forming curve 0 degree direction minimum principal strain 0.197, 90 degree direction minimum principal strain 0.189; the welding coefficient is more than or equal to 0.99. The invention is suitable for the field of preparation of automobile inner covering parts and structural part plates in the field of automobile strengthening.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an aluminum magnesium alloy plate with high formability and high welding performance and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The consumption of high-performance aluminum alloy plates for passenger cars is gradually increased year by year, and higher requirements are provided for the domestic alloy component range, key preparation technology and industrial process of the 5xxx series aluminum alloy plates. At present, the 5xxx aluminum alloy plates for the passenger car inner covering parts and the structural parts are required to have higher formability, but after the plates are welded, the strength of the plates is attenuated after MIG/TIG welding, so that the formability and the postweld performance of the 5xxx aluminum alloy plates cannot be considered, and the application of the 5xxx aluminum alloy plates as the high-performance aluminum alloy plates for the passenger car covering parts and the structural parts is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an aluminum-magnesium alloy plate with high formability and high welding performance and a preparation method thereof, which aim to solve the problem that the formability and the welding performance of the existing 5xxx aluminum alloy plate cannot be simultaneously achieved.
The aluminum magnesium alloy plate with high formability and high welding performance comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: si:0.06 to 0.10 percent, 0.18 to 0.22 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cu, and Mn:0.20 to 0.24 percent of Mg:4.7% -5.0%, ti:0.01 to 0.03 percent of Cr: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, less than or equal to 2ppm of alkali metal/each, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurity, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total impurity and the balance of Al.
The preparation method of the aluminum-magnesium alloy plate with high formability and high welding performance comprises the following steps:
1. the mass percentage of elements is as follows: si:0.06% -0.10%, fe:0.18 to 0.22 percent, cu is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, mn:0.20 to 0.24 percent of Mg:4.7% -5.0%, ti:0.01 to 0.03 percent of Cr: the proportion of alkali metal/each of the aluminum ingot, magnesium ingot, aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, aluminum-copper intermediate alloy, aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy and aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, the single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, the total impurity is less than or equal to 0.15 percent and the balance is Al;
2. adding the aluminum ingot, the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, the aluminum-copper intermediate alloy and the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy for remelting which are weighed in the first step into a smelting furnace, wherein the temperature of the smelting furnace is 750-780 ℃, so as to obtain a melt A;
3. cooling the melt A to 740 ℃, adding the magnesium ingot weighed in the first step and the aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy for smelting, uniformly mixing, stirring, and uniformly spreading a covering agent to obtain a melt B;
4. after the melt B is kept warm for 25min, the melt B is introduced into a static furnace and Ar-Cl is adopted 2 Refining the mixed gas to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
5. filtering the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step four through a 30ppi ceramic filter plate, and casting by adopting a semi-continuous casting method to obtain an ingot casting of 440mm 1700mm 5000 mm;
6. milling the surface of the cast ingot obtained in the step five to 410-420 mm, then placing the cast ingot into an ingot heating furnace for heating, wherein the heating system is that furnace gas is at a constant temperature of 560 ℃, preserving heat for 5h, reducing the temperature, converting the temperature to 445 ℃, preserving heat for 9.5h, increasing the temperature to 560 ℃ for heating for 3h, reducing the temperature to 525 ℃ for 7.5h, reducing the temperature to 470 ℃ for heating for 1h, discharging and rolling, controlling the metal temperature of the cast ingot at 440-470 ℃ during initial rolling, controlling the final rolling temperature to be less than or equal to 330 ℃, and then rolling the cast ingot into a hot rolled coil with the thickness of 6.0mm and the width of less than or equal to 1700 mm;
7. cold rolling the hot rolled coil stock obtained in the step six to 1.7mm to obtain a cold rolled coil;
8. performing intermediate annealing on the cold rolled coil obtained in the step seven, and preserving heat for 2 hours at the metal temperature of 325-330 ℃ to obtain an alloy coil stock;
9. cold rolling the alloy coil stock treated in the step eight, wherein the final thickness is 1.2mm;
10. and (3) annealing the coil stock treated in the step (III) by using an air cushion type heating furnace, and preserving heat for 30s at the temperature of 530 ℃ to obtain the aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet material with high formability and high welding performance.
The invention researches and develops the aluminum magnesium alloy plate with high formability and high weldability, mainly starts from alloy components, controls the matching of the adding types and the adding quantity of main element Mg, trace elements Mn, cr, ti and the like, reduces the content of alkali metal and impurities, reveals the association rule of the structural characteristics and the properties of the alloy in the process links of smelting casting, homogenizing annealing, strong deformation rolling, heat treatment, welding and the like, and the developed plate has higher normal-temperature mechanical properties and also has excellent welding property, formability and corrosion resistance. The requirements of light-weight and efficient development of the automobile inner covering part and the structural part are met, the automobile weight is lightened in the aspects of improving the performance of the plate, reducing the consumption and the like, and the aims of reducing the carbon emission and protecting environment are fulfilled.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention develops an aluminum-magnesium alloy plate with high formability and high welding performance and a preparation method thereof, and can meet the application requirements of automobile inner covering parts and structural parts.
(1) The aluminum-magnesium alloy plate with high formability and high welding performance and the preparation method thereofThe method is to clarify the influence mechanism of alloying elements on alloy structure and performance by controlling the cooperation of the adding types and the adding quantity of main alloying elements such as Mg, trace elements Mn, cr, zr, ti, V and the like, provide a new way for improving the strength, corrosion resistance, formability and weldability of the aluminum alloy, and enrich the aluminum alloy microalloying design theory. Elucidating the law of precipitation of high-stability dispersed phase, the interaction of the high-stability dispersed phase with main alloy elements and the influence mechanism of formation and evolution of alloy deformation tissues by regulating and controlling Al 3 Mg 2 The phase separation and distribution state are carried out to obtain the 5xxx aluminum alloy material which is strong in strength, corrosion resistant, formable and weldable, a scientific foundation is laid for researching and developing aluminum alloy for automobile light weight, technical support is provided for solving the problems of automobile aluminum alloy material such as stamping cracking, poor welding performance and the like, the automobile light weight process is greatly promoted, and support is formed for realizing the energy saving and emission reduction targets.
(2) According to the aluminum magnesium alloy plate with high formability and high welding performance and the preparation method thereof, factors such as rolling temperature, cold rolling deformation rate, annealing temperature, annealing heat preservation time and the like are optimized by combining the research of a market in the prior art and the fumbling result of a laboratory process, so that the aluminum magnesium alloy plate with flat plate surface, uniform thickness, good surface roughness, medium strength, good forming performance and excellent welding performance is produced, and the tensile strength of the aluminum magnesium alloy plate at normal temperature is more than or equal to 260MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 125MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 23%; forming curve 0 degree direction minimum principal strain 0.197, 90 degree direction minimum principal strain 0.189; the welding coefficient is more than or equal to 0.99.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a metallographic structure of an aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the second step of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of a metallographic structure of an aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet material with both high formability and high weldability obtained in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a drawing of a tensile fracture of a welded joint of an aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet material having both high formability and high weldability obtained in example 1.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, but also includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: the aluminum-magnesium alloy plate with high formability and high welding performance is characterized by comprising the following elements in percentage by mass: si:0.06 to 0.10 percent, 0.18 to 0.22 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cu, and Mn:0.20 to 0.24 percent of Mg:4.7% -5.0%, ti:0.01 to 0.03 percent of Cr: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, less than or equal to 2ppm of alkali metal impurities, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurities, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total impurities and the balance of Al.
In the embodiment, elements such as Fe, si and the like are derived from an aluminum ingot, other single impurities except Fe and Si are less than or equal to 0.05%, alkali metal elements are derived from the aluminum ingot, and the impurities in the range have no influence on the performance of the aluminum alloy foil.
The second embodiment is as follows: the preparation method of the aluminum-magnesium alloy plate with high formability and high welding performance in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1. the mass percentage of elements is as follows: si:0.06% -0.10%, fe:0.18 to 0.22 percent, cu is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, mn:0.20 to 0.24 percent of Mg:4.7% -5.0%, ti:0.01 to 0.03 percent of Cr: the proportion of alkali metal/each of the aluminum ingot, magnesium ingot, aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, aluminum-copper intermediate alloy, aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy and aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, the single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, the total impurity is less than or equal to 0.15 percent and the balance is Al;
2. adding the aluminum ingot, the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, the aluminum-copper intermediate alloy and the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy for remelting which are weighed in the first step into a smelting furnace, wherein the temperature of the smelting furnace is 750-780 ℃, so as to obtain a melt A;
3. cooling the melt A to 740 ℃, adding the magnesium ingot weighed in the first step and the aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy for smelting, uniformly mixing, stirring, and uniformly spreading a covering agent to obtain a melt B;
4. after the melt B is kept warm for 25min, the melt B is introduced into a static furnace and Ar-Cl is adopted 2 Refining the mixed gas to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
5. filtering the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step four through a 30ppi ceramic filter plate, and casting by adopting a semi-continuous casting method to obtain an ingot casting of 440mm 1700mm 5000 mm;
6. milling the surface of the cast ingot obtained in the step five to 410-420 mm, then placing the cast ingot into an ingot heating furnace for heating, wherein the heating system is that furnace gas is at a constant temperature of 560 ℃, preserving heat for 5h, reducing the temperature, converting the temperature to 445 ℃, preserving heat for 9.5h, increasing the temperature to 560 ℃ for heating for 3h, reducing the temperature to 525 ℃ for 7.5h, reducing the temperature to 470 ℃ for heating for 1h, discharging and rolling, controlling the metal temperature of the cast ingot at 440-470 ℃ during initial rolling, controlling the final rolling temperature to be less than or equal to 330 ℃, and then rolling the cast ingot into a hot rolled coil with the thickness of 6.0mm and the width of less than or equal to 1700 mm;
7. cold rolling the hot rolled coil stock obtained in the step six to 1.7mm to obtain a cold rolled coil;
8. performing intermediate annealing on the cold rolled coil obtained in the step seven, and preserving heat for 2 hours at the metal temperature of 325-330 ℃ to obtain an alloy coil stock;
9. cold rolling the alloy coil stock treated in the step eight, wherein the final thickness is 1.2mm;
10. and (3) annealing the coil stock treated in the step (III) by using an air cushion type heating furnace, and preserving heat for 30s at the temperature of 530 ℃ to obtain the aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet material with high formability and high welding performance.
And a third specific embodiment: the second difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that: the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy in the first step is Al-4% Ti intermediate alloy. The other is the same as in the second embodiment.
The specific embodiment IV is as follows: this embodiment differs from the second or third embodiment in that: in the second step, the temperature of the melt A is more than or equal to 750 ℃. The other is the same as the second or third embodiment.
Fifth embodiment: the present embodiment differs from the second to fourth embodiments in that: the covering agent in the third step is flux No. 2. The others are the same as in the second to fourth embodiments.
Specific embodiment six: this embodiment differs from one of the second to fifth embodiments in that: the adding amount of the covering agent in the third step is 0.55 percent of the total weight of the metal added into the smelting furnace. The others are the same as in one of the second to fifth embodiments.
Seventh embodiment: this embodiment differs from one of the second to sixth embodiments in that: step four, ar-Cl 2 The volume ratio of argon to chlorine in the mixed gas is (31.5-33) to 1. The others are the same as in the second to sixth embodiments.
Eighth embodiment: this embodiment differs from one of the second to seventh embodiments in that: and fifthly, pouring an aluminum titanium boron grain refiner in the casting process, wherein the speed is 450mm/min. The others are the same as in one of the second to seventh embodiments.
The aluminum titanium boron grain refiner is aluminum titanium boron alloy Al-5 percent Ti-1 percent B.
Detailed description nine: this embodiment differs from one of the second to eighth embodiments in that: and the deformation of the seventh cold rolling is 70-75%. The others are the same as in one of the second to eighth embodiments.
Detailed description ten: this embodiment differs from one of the second to ninth embodiments in that: and step eight, performing intermediate annealing on the cold rolled coil by using a box furnace, detecting the metal temperature by using a pressure thermocouple, and preserving the heat for 2 hours at the metal temperature of 330-325 ℃. The others are the same as in one of the second to ninth embodiments.
Eleventh embodiment: this embodiment differs from one of the second to tenth embodiments in that: and step nine, cold rolling the coil stock, wherein the cold rolling deformation is controlled to be 25% -30%. The others are the same as in the second to tenth embodiments.
The following examples are used to verify the benefits of the present invention:
embodiment one:
the aluminum magnesium alloy plate with high formability and high welding performance comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: si:0.06 to 0.10 percent, 0.18 to 0.22 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cu, and Mn:0.20 to 0.24 percent of Mg:4.7% -5.0%, ti:0.01 to 0.03 percent of Cr: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, less than or equal to 2ppm of alkali metal impurities, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurities, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total impurities and the balance of Al.
The aluminum-magnesium alloy plate with high formability and high welding performance and the preparation method thereof are specifically carried out according to the following steps:
1. according to the mass percentage of elements Si:0.06 to 0.10 percent, 0.18 to 0.22 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cu, and Mn:0.20 to 0.24 percent of Mg:4.7% -5.0%, ti:0.01 to 0.03 percent of Cr: weighing aluminum ingot, magnesium ingot, aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, aluminum-copper intermediate alloy, aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy and aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy for remelting according to the proportion of less than or equal to 0.02 percent, less than or equal to 2ppm of alkali metal impurities, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurities, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total impurities and the balance of Al;
2. adding the aluminum ingot, the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, the aluminum-copper intermediate alloy and the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy which are weighed in the step one into a dry smelting furnace, smelting for 8 hours at the temperature of 750-780 ℃, cooling the melt to 740 ℃, adding the magnesium ingot and the aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy which are weighed in the step one, smelting for 14 hours, uniformly mixing, stirring, uniformly spreading a covering agent on the obtained melt, and preserving the heat for 25 minutes; introducing the melt into a static furnace, and then adopting Ar-Cl 2 Refining the mixed gas to obtain an aluminum alloy melt, filtering the aluminum alloy melt by a ceramic filter plate with the density of 30ppi, and casting the aluminum alloy melt by a semi-continuous casting method under the conditions of 725 ℃ temperature condition, 2.6m/h casting speed, 0.03MPa cooling water strength, 20 ℃ cooling water temperature, 450mm/min feeding speed and 5% Al-1% Ti-1% B wire serving as a refiner to obtain 440mm 1700mm 5000mm aluminum alloy cast ingot; sawing head and tail and milling surface of the aluminum alloy ingot, and putting the ingot into a trolley furnace; heating, wherein the heating system is that furnace gas is subjected to constant temperature 560 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 5 hours, then cooling is carried out, the temperature is turned to 445 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 9.5 hours, then the temperature is increased to 560 ℃ and heating is carried out for 3 hours, then cooling is carried out to 525 ℃ and heat preservation is carried out for 7.5 hours, then cooling is carried out to 470 ℃ and heating is carried out for 1 hour, ingot metal temperature is controlled to 440-470 ℃ when starting rolling, the final rolling temperature is less than or equal to 330 ℃, and then hot rolled coil with thickness of 6.0mm and width less than or equal to 1700mm is rolled; cold rolling the hot rolled coiled material by adopting a 2100mm cold rolling mill to obtain a cold rolled coiled material with the thickness of 1.7 mm;
3. the cold-rolled coil is put into a box-type furnace for intermediate annealing, the metal temperature is detected by a pressure thermocouple, the metal temperature is 325-330 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 2h: cold rolling the coil stock by adopting a 2100mm cold rolling mill to obtain a cold-rolled coiled material with the thickness of 1.2mm;
4. straightening and trimming the cold-rolled coil to the width of a finished product, and annealing the cold-rolled coil by using an air cushion type heating furnace, and preserving heat at 530 ℃ for 30s to obtain the aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet with high formability and high welding performance.
FIG. 1 is a metallographic photograph of a 440mm 1700mm 5000mm aluminum alloy ingot obtained in step two of the present example, wherein the as-cast structure has no obvious reticular eutectic structure, and the primary phases of bright white and light gray mainly exist in a fishbone form;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of metallographic structure of the aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet material with high formability and high welding performance obtained in the fourth step of the present example, wherein the grain size is uniform and consistent, and the grain size is 35 μm.
Fig. 3 shows the positions of tensile fracture of welded joint of aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet material with high formability and high welding performance obtained in the fourth step of this example, and all fracture at the base material.
The aluminum magnesium alloy plate with flat plate surface, uniform thickness, good surface roughness, medium strength, good forming property and excellent welding property is produced, and the aluminum magnesium alloy plate is tested according to GB/T228.1 standard, the tensile strength of the aluminum magnesium alloy plate at normal temperature is 260-270MPa, the yield strength is 125-135MPa, and the elongation is 23-24%; forming curve 0 degree direction minimum principal strain 0.197, 90 degree direction minimum principal strain 0.189; the welding coefficient is 0.99-1.
Claims (10)
1. An aluminum magnesium alloy plate with high formability and high welding performance is characterized in that the aluminum magnesium alloy plate comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: si:0.06% -0.10%, fe:0.18 to 0.22 percent, cu is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, mn:0.20 to 0.24 percent of Mg:4.7% -5.0%, ti:0.01 to 0.03 percent of Cr: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, less than or equal to 2ppm of alkali metal impurities, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single impurities, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total impurities and the balance of Al.
2. The method for preparing the aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet material with high formability and high welding performance as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1. the mass percentage of elements is as follows: si:0.06% -0.10%, fe:0.18 to 0.22 percent, cu is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, mn:0.20 to 0.24 percent of Mg:4.7% -5.0%, ti:0.01 to 0.03 percent of Cr: the proportion of alkali metal/each of the aluminum ingot, magnesium ingot, aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, aluminum-copper intermediate alloy, aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy and aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, the single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, the total impurity is less than or equal to 0.15 percent and the balance is Al;
2. adding the aluminum ingot, the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, the aluminum-copper intermediate alloy and the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy for remelting which are weighed in the first step into a smelting furnace, wherein the temperature of the smelting furnace is 750-780 ℃, so as to obtain a melt A;
3. cooling the melt A to 740 ℃, adding the magnesium ingot weighed in the first step and the aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy for smelting, uniformly mixing, stirring, and uniformly spreading a covering agent to obtain a melt B;
4. after the melt B is kept warm for 25min, the melt B is introduced into a static furnace and Ar-Cl is adopted 2 Refining the mixed gas to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
5. filtering the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step four through a 30ppi ceramic filter plate, and casting by adopting a semi-continuous casting method to obtain an ingot casting of 440mm 1700mm 5000 mm;
6. milling the surface of the cast ingot obtained in the step five to 410-420 mm, then placing the cast ingot into an ingot heating furnace for heating, wherein the heating system is that furnace gas is at a constant temperature of 560 ℃, preserving heat for 5h, reducing the temperature, converting the temperature to 445 ℃, preserving heat for 9.5h, increasing the temperature to 560 ℃ for heating for 3h, reducing the temperature to 525 ℃ for 7.5h, reducing the temperature to 470 ℃ for heating for 1h, discharging and rolling, controlling the metal temperature of the cast ingot at 440-470 ℃ during initial rolling, controlling the final rolling temperature to be less than or equal to 330 ℃, and then rolling the cast ingot into a hot rolled coil with the thickness of 6.0mm and the width of less than or equal to 1700 mm;
7. cold rolling the hot rolled coil stock obtained in the step six to 1.7mm to obtain a cold rolled coil;
8. performing intermediate annealing on the cold rolled coil obtained in the step seven, and preserving heat for 2 hours at the metal temperature of 325-330 ℃ to obtain an alloy coil stock;
9. cold rolling the alloy coil stock treated in the step eight, wherein the final thickness is 1.2mm;
10. and (3) annealing the coil stock treated in the step (III) by using an air cushion type heating furnace, and preserving heat for 30s at the temperature of 530 ℃ to obtain the aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet material with high formability and high welding performance.
3. The method for producing an aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet having both high formability and high weldability according to claim 2, wherein the aluminum-titanium master alloy in the step one is an Al-4% ti master alloy.
4. The method for producing an aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet having both high formability and high weldability according to claim 2, wherein the melt a temperature in the second step is not less than 750 ℃.
5. The method for producing an aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet having both high formability and high weldability as claimed in claim 2, wherein the covering agent in the third step is flux No. 2.
6. The method for producing an aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet having both high formability and high weldability as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step four, the Ar-Cl is 2 The volume ratio of argon to chlorine in the mixed gas is (31.5-33) to 1.
7. The method for producing an aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet having both high formability and high weldability according to claim 2, characterized in that an aluminum-titanium-boron grain refiner is added at a speed of 450mm/min during the casting in the fifth step.
8. The method for producing an aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet having both high formability and high weldability according to claim 2, characterized in that the step seven cold rolling deformation is 70% -75%.
9. The method for producing an aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet material with both high formability and high weldability according to claim 2, wherein the step eight cold rolling coil is subjected to intermediate annealing by using a box furnace, the metal temperature is detected by a piezothermocouple, the metal temperature is 325 ℃ to 330 ℃, and the heat is preserved for 2 hours.
10. The method for producing an aluminum-magnesium alloy sheet having both high formability and high weldability according to claim 2, wherein the step nine coil stock is cold-rolled with the cold rolling deformation controlled at 25% to 30%.
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