CN117535128A - Flue gas exposure experimental device and method - Google Patents
Flue gas exposure experimental device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117535128A CN117535128A CN202311271161.XA CN202311271161A CN117535128A CN 117535128 A CN117535128 A CN 117535128A CN 202311271161 A CN202311271161 A CN 202311271161A CN 117535128 A CN117535128 A CN 117535128A
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000010261 cell growth Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005779 cell damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000037887 cell injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003189 isokinetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/5005—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells
- G01N33/5008—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics
- G01N33/5014—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics for testing toxicity
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of cell damage evaluation of tobacco product aerosols, and particularly relates to a smoke exposure experimental device and a method. The device comprises one or more groups of combinations for realizing flue gas exposure experiments; each of the combinations independently comprises a flue gas source, a flue gas conveying pipeline and a cell exposure cavity; the flue gas source is communicated with the air inlet end of the flue gas conveying pipeline; the flue gas conveying pipeline is provided with a unique air dilution site; in the smoke flowing direction, the smoke conveying pipeline at the downstream of the air dilution point is provided with a diameter reduction section, and the pipeline inner diameter of the diameter reduction section is 1/3-1/2 of the initial pipeline inner diameter of the smoke conveying pipeline; the cell exposure chamber comprises a plurality of cell exposure holes parallel to each other; and the diameter reduction section is provided with a plurality of sampling sites which are communicated with the plurality of cell exposure holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner. The device improves the concentration accuracy, dispersion uniformity and uniformity of gas-liquid interface flue gas exposure at the same time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of cell damage evaluation of tobacco product aerosols, and particularly relates to a smoke exposure experimental device and a method.
Background
The smoke is harmful to human health, and the gas-liquid interface exposure experiment adopts the direct contact of fresh smoke and cells positioned at the upper part of the culture solution, so that the state of the human respiratory system contacting the smoke can be truly simulated, the biological effect of the cigarette smoke can be more truly and comprehensively reflected, and scientific reference is provided for the research and development and production of the safe cigarettes. Meanwhile, compared with the flue gas condensate exposure treatment cells, the cell reaction is more sensitive in the gas-liquid interface exposure process, the exposure process can be rapidly completed, and the whole experiment time is shortened. Therefore, more and more in vitro cell damage experiments are performed to infect cells by adopting a gas-liquid interface exposure mode.
Firstly, when the existing instrument is used for carrying out exposure experiments of different concentrations of tobacco product aerosols, the same aerosol source is often adopted, different air dilution sites are connected in series through a main pipeline, air is sequentially conveyed into the main pipeline, aerosols with different concentrations can be obtained from upstream to downstream along the direction of the main pipeline, the concentration of the aerosols is high near an upstream sampling point, the concentration of the aerosols is near a downstream sampling point, and the concentration of the aerosols is low;
second, aerosols produced by the combustion or heating of tobacco products, such as smoke, are a typical type of aerosol consisting of solid and vapor phases. In the movement process of the aerosol, the particle size changes along with the change of the movement state and time, aerosol particles have aggregation and agglomeration, the air is difficult to break up the smoke, and the aerosol and the air are difficult to mix uniformly. Therefore, homogeneously dispersing aerosols has been a difficulty in diluting such aerosols;
furthermore, the aerosol after traditional collection and dilution is only provided with a single sampling site, and the collected aerosol is distributed in a 1-N distribution mode. Because the aerosol movement is disordered, the equally dividing device just divides the collected aerosol by the action of negative pressure and gravity, and the aerosol is difficult to be evenly distributed to the parallel exposure holes, so that the problem of non-uniformity of aerosol distribution is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flue gas exposure experimental device and a flue gas exposure experimental method, and simultaneously, the concentration accuracy, the dispersion uniformity and the uniformity of flue gas exposure of a gas-liquid interface are improved.
Specifically, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a flue gas exposure experiment device comprises one or more groups of combinations for realizing flue gas exposure experiments;
each of the combinations independently comprises a flue gas source, a flue gas conveying pipeline and a cell exposure cavity;
the flue gas source is communicated with the air inlet end of the flue gas conveying pipeline;
the flue gas conveying pipeline is provided with a unique air dilution site; in the smoke flowing direction, the smoke conveying pipeline at the downstream of the air dilution point is provided with a diameter reduction section, and the pipeline inner diameter of the diameter reduction section is 1/3-1/2 of the initial pipeline inner diameter of the smoke conveying pipeline;
the cell exposure chamber comprises a plurality of cell exposure holes parallel to each other; and the diameter reduction section is provided with a plurality of sampling sites which are communicated with the plurality of cell exposure holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
The invention has no special limitation on the source of the smoke, and the smoke can be the smoke collected by a smoke collecting device or the whole smoke generated by directly sucking cigarettes.
The air dilution site is not particularly limited as long as air can be introduced into the flue gas conveying pipeline to dilute the concentration of flue gas in the flue gas conveying pipeline, and for example, the air dilution site can be an air dilution hole arranged on the wall surface of the flue gas conveying pipeline, and the air dilution hole is connected with an air channel.
The sampling site is not particularly limited, and may be a sampling hole provided on a wall surface of the flue gas conveying pipeline, and the sampling hole is further communicated with the cell exposure cavity through the pipeline.
Preferably, the plurality of sampling sites are disposed at 10-15 cm from the reduced diameter section in the direction of the flow of the flue gas (i.e., the sampling sites are spaced from the starting point of the reduced diameter section by 10-15 cm). Experiments show that the sampling site is too short from the starting point of the diameter reduction section, so that the sufficient uniform dispersion of air and smoke cannot be realized, the distance is too long, and the dispersion effect cannot be further improved.
Preferably, the plurality of sampling sites are arranged side by side on the reduced diameter section in the direction of flue gas flow (i.e., the positions of the plurality of sampling sites along the length direction of the reduced diameter section are uniform).
Further preferably, the plurality of sampling sites are arranged in parallel at equal intervals on the reduced diameter section.
Preferably, a culture medium required for cell growth is arranged at the bottom of any one of the exposure holes, and a cell membrane plate is arranged between any one of the exposure holes and the culture medium. The diluted flue gas flows through the exposed holes under the action of the negative pressure at the rear and is settled on the cell membrane plate.
Preferably, each cell exposure hole is communicated with the negative pressure air pump, an independent speed regulating valve is arranged on a communicating pipeline of each cell exposure hole and the negative pressure air pump, and the suction flow rate of each cell exposure hole under the negative pressure environment can be controlled to be the same through the speed regulating valve.
The invention also provides a method for carrying out a flue gas exposure experiment by adopting the device, which comprises the following steps:
starting the negative pressure air extracting pump to form a negative pressure environment;
delivering the flue gas from the flue gas source into the flue gas conveying pipeline, and introducing air into the flue gas conveying pipeline through the air dilution site so as to dilute the flue gas concentration in the flue gas conveying pipeline to be the flue gas concentration required by a flue gas exposure experiment;
and the diluted flue gas enters the cell exposure holes which are communicated in a one-to-one correspondence manner through sampling sites on the diameter reduction section under the negative pressure environment to carry out a flue gas exposure experiment.
Preferably, the flue gas from the flue gas source is fed into the flue gas delivery line at a flow rate by a piston.
Preferably, each cell exposure hole is independently communicated with a negative pressure air suction pump through a speed regulating valve, and the suction flow rate of each cell exposure hole in a negative pressure environment is controlled to be the same through regulating the speed regulating valve.
Preferably, the initial inner diameter of the flue gas conveying pipeline is 3-5 mm, the initial flow rate of the flue gas is 70-110 mL/min, and the suction flow rate of the gas in any cell exposure hole in the negative pressure environment is 8-12 mL/min. The initial inner diameter, the initial flow velocity and the suction flow velocity of the smoke conveying pipeline are controlled in the above range, so that the aggregation and agglomeration of the smoke of the tobacco products can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the uniform dispersion effect is improved.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) According to the flue gas exposure experimental device provided by the invention, the diluted flue gas aerosol obtained by the gas-liquid interface in the cell exposure cavity is diluted by only one time of air, so that the device is not interfered by other air dilution sites, each cell exposure cavity corresponds to an independent flue gas aerosol source, the whole transmission process is not influenced by other air dilution, and the accuracy of the flue gas exposure concentration of the gas-liquid interface is improved;
3) According to the flue gas exposure experimental device provided by the invention, the inner diameter of the transmission pipeline after the air dilution site is reduced to be 1/3-1/2 of the inner diameter of the original pipeline, air and flue gas are compressed into the finer pipeline, the aggregation and agglomeration of the flue gas of tobacco products are changed, the flue gas and the air are mutually fused in the movement process, the problem that the flue gas is difficult to disperse in the air is solved, and the diluted flue gas is further ensured to be uniformly dispersed to the gas-liquid interface of the cell exposure hole through the optimization of parameter conditions;
3) The flue gas exposure experimental device changes the design of the existing aerosol transmission pipeline, adopts parallel sampling sites to be arranged on the main pipeline, and directly collects the aerosol required by the gas-liquid interface. Meanwhile, a speed regulating valve is arranged between the gas-liquid interface exposure hole and the negative pressure air suction, so that the constant speed of the negative pressure air suction of different exposure holes is ensured, and the uniform aerosol sedimentation property of different exposure holes of the same exposure cavity is finally realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings needed in the embodiments or the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas exposure experimental apparatus of example 1.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cell exposure chamber of example 1; wherein, the flue gas inlet after 1-dilution, the flue gas outlet after 2-dilution, the upper cover of the 3-exposure hole, the 4-exposure hole, the 5-culture medium, the 6-thermostatic water bath inlet and the 7-thermostatic water bath outlet.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the exposed hole of example 1; 1-diluted flue gas inlet, 2-diluted flue gas outlet, 5-culture medium, 8-constant temperature water bath module, 9-diluted flue gas, 10-cell membrane version and 11-cells.
Fig. 4 is a graph comparing the exposed cell template soot phase profile of the exposure apparatus of example 1 with the exposed cell template soot phase profile of the prior exposure apparatus, wherein the left graph shows the exposed cell template soot phase profile of the exposure apparatus of example 1, and the right graph shows the exposed cell template soot phase profile of the prior exposure apparatus.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The specific techniques or conditions are not identified in the examples and are described in the literature in this field or are carried out in accordance with the product specifications. The reagents or equipment used were conventional products available for purchase by regular vendors without the manufacturer's attention.
Example 1
Example 1 provides a smoke exposure experimental apparatus, partially referring to fig. 1, comprising three sets of combinations for performing smoke exposure experiments;
each combination independently comprises a smoke source, a smoke conveying pipeline (with the initial diameter of 4 mm), a cell exposure cavity and a negative pressure air pump;
the flue gas source is communicated with the air inlet end of the flue gas conveying pipeline;
the flue gas conveying pipeline is provided with a unique air dilution site; in the smoke flowing direction, the smoke conveying pipeline at the downstream of the air dilution point is provided with a diameter reduction section, and the pipeline inner diameter of the diameter reduction section is 1/2 of the initial pipeline inner diameter of the smoke conveying pipeline;
the cell exposure cavity comprises three cell exposure holes which are parallel to each other; each cell exposure hole is communicated with a negative pressure air pump through a pneumatic speed regulating valve independently and used for forming a negative pressure environment;
and in the smoke flowing direction, three sampling sites which are communicated with the three cell exposure holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner are arranged on the diameter reduction section, and the three sampling sites are arranged at the position of 12cm of the diameter reduction section and are distributed in parallel at equal intervals.
Further, referring in part to FIGS. 2-3, the cell exposure chamber includes an exposure well 4, an exposure well cover 3, and a thermostatic waterbath module 8;
the exposure hole 4 is connected with the diluted flue gas inlet 1 and the diluted flue gas outlet 2; the time for the diluted flue gas 9 to flow through the exposure holes 4 is the exposure time;
the bottom of the exposure hole 4 is provided with a culture medium 5 required by cell growth, and a cell membrane plate 10 is arranged between the exposure hole 4 and the culture medium 5; the cells 11 are attached to the upper surface of the cell membrane plate 10 for growth and are in direct contact with the diluted flue gas 9;
the constant temperature water bath module 8 is connected with the constant temperature water bath inlet 6 and the constant temperature water bath outlet 7 and is used for providing a constant temperature environment.
Example 2
Example 2 provides a method of performing a smoke exposure experiment using the smoke exposure experimental apparatus of example 1, comprising the steps of:
1. different sources of flue gas: setting different suction pore canals corresponding to respective exposure modules, sucking cigarettes according to an ISO 3308:2012 method, wherein the suction interval is 60s, the suction time is 2s, no Cambridge filter disc is arranged between smoke and a piston, and the suction generates full smoke of the traditional cigarettes;
2. independent flue gas transportation: and the independent piston power is adopted to slowly discharge the flue gas into a transmission main pipeline, and the flow rate of the flue gas is 70mL/min. Different flue gas conveying pipelines correspond to different flue gas sources and exposure cavities;
3. air dilution: different concentrations of flue gas correspond to different independent exposure modules, and air dilution does not affect flow rates in other module pipelines. The flow rate of the dilution air is set according to the concentration requirement. After dilution, the smoke concentration=70/(air flow +70) ×100%. The air flow rate can be set to be 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% respectively corresponding to the diluted smoke concentration, and the exposure time is 1h.
4. Gas-liquid interface aerosol collection: each gas-liquid interface exposure cavity corresponds to a smoke source, the exposure cavities are connected in series to form groups, diluted smoke on a transmission main pipeline is collected by the exposure cavities through three sampling sites, the diluted smoke enters three parallel exposure holes of the exposure cavities under the self gravity of negative pressure and aerosol particles, a pneumatic regulating valve is regulated to enable the pressure drop to be 200pa, and the negative pressure air suction isokinetic property of different exposure holes is ensured. The parallel exposure well negative pressure aspiration flow rate was 10mL/min.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 employed an existing flue gas exposure experimental apparatus comprising a flue gas source, a flue gas delivery main pipeline (diameter 4 mm), three flue gas delivery sub-pipelines (diameter 4 mm) connected in parallel with each other, three cell exposure chambers, three negative pressure suction pumps (each flue gas delivery sub-pipeline is independently communicated with one cell exposure chamber through a sampling site, each cell exposure chamber is independently communicated with one negative pressure suction pump);
the smoke source is a smoke source of a main smoke conveying pipeline and is communicated with the air inlet ends of three smoke conveying branch pipelines;
the flue gas conveying branch pipeline is provided with a unique air dilution site; in the smoke flowing direction, the inner diameter of a smoke conveying branch pipeline at the downstream of the air dilution point is kept unchanged;
any of the cell exposure chambers includes three cell exposure holes parallel to each other; each cell exposure hole is communicated with a negative pressure air pump through a pneumatic speed regulating valve independently and used for forming a negative pressure environment;
in the direction of smoke flow, the smoke conveying branch pipeline is provided with sampling sites, the sampling sites are positioned behind the air dilution sites, the collected aerosol is distributed in a mode of 1:3, and the distributed aerosol is communicated with three cell exposure holes of the cell exposure cavity in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
A method for performing a smoke exposure experiment using the smoke exposure experimental apparatus of comparative example 1, comprising the steps of:
1. flue gas source: setting a same suction duct corresponding to different exposure modules, sucking cigarettes according to an ISO 3308:2012 method, wherein the suction interval is 60s, the suction time is 2s, no Cambridge filter disc is arranged between smoke and a piston, and the suction generates full smoke of the traditional cigarettes;
2. flue gas transportation: and the same piston power is adopted to slowly discharge the flue gas into a transmission main pipeline, and the flow rate of the flue gas is 70mL/min. The main flue gas transmission pipeline is further divided into flue gas transmission sub-pipelines, and different flue gas transmission sub-pipelines correspond to different exposure cavities;
3. air dilution: air dilution is carried out at the flue gas conveying branch pipeline, the air dilution does not influence the flow velocity in other flue gas conveying branch pipelines, and flue gas with different concentrations corresponds to different exposure cavities. The flow rate of the dilution air is set according to the concentration requirement. After dilution, the smoke concentration=70/(air flow +70) ×100%. The air flow rate can be set to be 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% respectively corresponding to the diluted smoke concentration, and the exposure time is 1h.
4. Gas-liquid interface aerosol collection: each gas-liquid interface exposure cavity corresponds to a gas conveying branch pipeline, after the collected gas is equally divided by 1 minute and 3 minutes, the gas enters parallel exposure holes of the exposure cavity under the action of negative pressure and the self gravity of aerosol particles, and a pneumatic regulating valve is regulated to enable the pressure drop to be 200pa, so that the negative pressure pumping isovelocity of different exposure holes is ensured. The parallel exposure well negative pressure aspiration flow rate was 10mL/min.
Comparison of experimental results
(1) The variation coefficient of the mass increment value of the cell templates of the smoke particle phase matters settled to different exposure holes is used for representing the equipartition of the smoke exposure process, and the smaller the variation coefficient is, the better the equipartition of the smoke exposure process is. The results after 1h of 30% dose exposure are shown in Table 1, and the coefficient of variation is 8.58% after using the exposure experimental apparatus of example 1, which is smaller than that of the existing exposure apparatus, indicating that the smoke average property of the exposure apparatus of example 1 is better than that of the existing exposure apparatus.
TABLE 1 comparison of coefficient of variation after Smoke exposure for different exposure devices
(2) Taking the average value of the mass increment value of the cell templates of the smoke particle phase matters settled to different exposure holes as the exposure concentration (mg) of the exposure cavity, taking the concentration of the diluted smoke at the smoke input end as the smoke dose (%), and taking a linear equation (without intercept) for different smoke doses (X values) and different exposure concentrations (Y values) through Excel statistical software, wherein R is the linear equation 2 The greater the value, the more accurate the exposure concentration of the exposure device. The exposure concentration results after 1h exposure at 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% smoke dose are shown in Table 2, table 2 simultaneously presents R of the linear equation for the different exposure devices 2 Values. As can be seen from the results in the table, the exposure concentration of the exposure device of example 1 was linear R 2 A value of 0.9916, indicating a concentrated exposureThe accuracy is higher than that of the existing exposure device.
Table 2 comparison of exposure accuracy after flue gas exposure for different exposure devices
(3) The particulate matter on the cell templates is observed and characterized by subjective visual mode to show the uniformity of the exposure holes in the flue gas exposure process. The experimental procedure adopts a cell template without cells, and the cell template after exposure for 1h with 20% smoke dose is shown in fig. 4, wherein the left graph is a graph of the smoke grain phase of the cell template exposed by the exposure device of example 1, and the right graph is a graph of the smoke grain phase of the cell template exposed by the conventional exposure device. From this visual inspection, it can be seen that the exposure apparatus of example 1 showed better uniformity of the particulate matter distribution in the flue gas after flue gas exposure.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The flue gas exposure experiment device is characterized by comprising one or more groups of combinations for realizing flue gas exposure experiments;
each of the combinations independently comprises a flue gas source, a flue gas conveying pipeline and a cell exposure cavity;
the flue gas source is communicated with the air inlet end of the flue gas conveying pipeline;
the flue gas conveying pipeline is provided with a unique air dilution site; in the smoke flowing direction, the smoke conveying pipeline at the downstream of the air dilution point is provided with a diameter reduction section, and the pipeline inner diameter of the diameter reduction section is 1/3-1/2 of the initial pipeline inner diameter of the smoke conveying pipeline;
the cell exposure chamber comprises a plurality of cell exposure holes parallel to each other; and the diameter reduction section is provided with a plurality of sampling sites which are communicated with the plurality of cell exposure holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
2. The flue gas exposure experimental device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of sampling sites are disposed at 10-15 cm of the reduced diameter section in a flue gas flow direction.
3. The flue gas exposure experimental device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of sampling sites are arranged side by side on the reduced diameter section in the flue gas flow direction.
4. A smoke exposure experimental device according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of sampling sites are arranged in parallel at equal distance on the reduced diameter section.
5. The flue gas exposure experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a culture medium required for cell growth is arranged at the bottom of any one of the exposure holes, and a cell membrane plate is arranged between any one of the exposure holes and the culture medium.
6. The flue gas exposure experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein each cell exposure hole is communicated with a negative pressure air pump, and an independent speed regulating valve is arranged on a communicating pipeline between each cell exposure hole and the negative pressure air pump.
7. A method of performing a smoke exposure experiment using the smoke exposure experimental apparatus of any one of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of:
starting the negative pressure air extracting pump to form a negative pressure environment;
delivering the flue gas from the flue gas source into the flue gas conveying pipeline, and introducing air into the flue gas conveying pipeline through the air dilution site so as to dilute the flue gas concentration in the flue gas conveying pipeline to be the flue gas concentration required by a flue gas exposure experiment;
and the diluted flue gas enters the cell exposure holes which are communicated in a one-to-one correspondence manner through sampling sites on the diameter reduction section under the negative pressure environment to carry out a flue gas exposure experiment.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein flue gas from the source of flue gas is fed into the flue gas delivery line at a flow rate by a piston.
9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein each of the cell exposing holes is independently communicated with a negative pressure suction pump through a speed regulating valve, and the suction flow rate of each of the cell exposing holes in a negative pressure environment is controlled to be the same through the speed regulating valve.
10. The method according to any one of claims 7-9, wherein the initial inner diameter of the flue gas delivery line is 3-5 mm, the initial flow rate of the flue gas is 70-110 mL/min, and the suction flow rate of the gas in any of the cell exposure holes under the negative pressure environment is 8-12 mL/min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311271161.XA CN117535128A (en) | 2023-09-28 | 2023-09-28 | Flue gas exposure experimental device and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311271161.XA CN117535128A (en) | 2023-09-28 | 2023-09-28 | Flue gas exposure experimental device and method |
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