CN117532195A - High-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117532195A CN117532195A CN202311608844.XA CN202311608844A CN117532195A CN 117532195 A CN117532195 A CN 117532195A CN 202311608844 A CN202311608844 A CN 202311608844A CN 117532195 A CN117532195 A CN 117532195A
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- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QZGHTLPTQXPXDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-ol scandium Chemical compound [Sc].CC(C)O.CC(C)O.CC(C)O QZGHTLPTQXPXDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(chloromethyl)-4-[4-(chloromethyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(CCl)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(CCl)C=C1 INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011869 silicon-nickel composite material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(C2=NNN=N2)=C1 KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 229910001379 sodium hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N triammonium citrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001393 triammonium citrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011046 triammonium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- LUKDNTKUBVKBMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum scandium Chemical compound [Al].[Sc] LUKDNTKUBVKBMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SLACPSWSQQIQTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-olate;scandium(3+) Chemical compound [Sc+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] SLACPSWSQQIQTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000011895 specific detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
- B23K35/288—Al as the principal constituent with Sn or Zn
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of alloy processing, in particular to a high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire and a preparation process thereof. A scandium layer is generated on the surface of graphene in situ, a nickel layer is generated on the surface of the graphene in situ, a graphene/scandium/nickel silicon composite material is obtained, the performance of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire is improved by cooperating with other reinforcing phase particles and rare earth metals, and the high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire is finally prepared by controlling the solid phase fraction. The aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire comprises the following raw material components: the weight percentage is as follows: 4 to 6 percent of magnesium, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of chromium, 0.05 to 0.2 percent of manganese, 0.02 to 0.05 percent of zinc, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of rare earth metal, 1 to 2 percent of reinforcing phase particles, and the balance of aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the impurity is less than or equal to 0.03 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alloy processing, in particular to a high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire and a preparation process thereof.
Background
With the development of modern science and technology, various new technologies and new technologies are continuously emerging, and in practice, new or higher requirements are continuously put on the performance of materials. The welding wire is an indispensable position in mechanical equipment as a wire welding material for filling metal.
In economic construction, particularly in electric power, metallurgy and construction, a large amount of mechanical equipment is used, and various mechanical equipment has abrasion of metal parts in different degrees in the use process, and the working environment of most mechanical equipment is a severe environment such as high temperature and high corrosion, so that the welding wire is required to realize better connection capability and good high temperature and corrosion resistance while higher requirements are set; however, the existing welding wire has defects of technology and material selection, so that the hardness, the wear resistance and the high temperature resistance are not ideal, and therefore, how to improve and optimize the welding wire becomes a technical problem to be solved in the optimization process of the welding wire preparation technology.
In conclusion, the high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire is prepared, so that the high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire is suitable for severe environments, the service life of mechanical equipment is prolonged, and higher economic benefits are brought.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire and a preparation process thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire comprises the following raw material components: the weight percentage is as follows: 4 to 6 percent of magnesium, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of chromium, 0.05 to 0.2 percent of manganese, 0.02 to 0.05 percent of zinc, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of rare earth metal, 1 to 2 percent of reinforcing phase particles, and the balance of aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the impurity is less than or equal to 0.03 percent.
More preferably, the rare earth metal includes, but is not limited to, at least one of cerium, yttrium, erbium.
More optimally, the rare earth metal is obtained by mixing cerium, yttrium and erbium in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.
More preferably, the reinforcing phase particles include, but are not limited to, at least one of silicon carbide, chromium carbide, tungsten carbide, titanium carbonitride, titanium carbide, vanadium carbide, titanium boride.
More preferably, the reinforcing phase particles must also comprise a graphene/scandium/nickel@silicon composite material.
More optimally, the reinforced phase particles are obtained by mixing silicon carbide, titanium carbonitride, titanium boride and graphene/scandium/nickel@silicon composite materials according to a mass ratio of 2:1:1:2.
More optimally, the preparation method of the graphene/scandium/nickel@silicon composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) Grinding graphene into powder, adding the powder into tetrahydrofuran solution, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30-60 min to obtain the graphene with the concentration of 2 multiplied by 10 -4 ～2×10 -3 g/mL graphene suspension;
(2) Adding naphthalene, scandium source and reducing agent into graphene suspension under the protection of argon, stirring at 20-80 ℃ for 2-6 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, and centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain graphene/scandium composite material;
(3) Adding nano silicon into ethanol solution with the weight percent of 30-40%, adding hydrofluoric acid, and stirring for 15-30 min to enable hydrogen to be attached to the surface of the nano silicon, thus obtaining pretreated nano silicon;
(4) Immersing the pretreated nano silicon into the chemical plating solution for 20-50 min, so that the surface of the nano silicon is coated with a layer of metallic nickel, and a nickel@silicon composite material is obtained;
(5) Adding the nickel@silicon composite material into triethylene glycol, stirring for 5-15 min, adding an alkaline solution of the graphene/scandium composite material into the mixture, stirring the mixture for 8-16 h at 150-200 ℃, filtering, washing and drying the mixture, heating the mixture to 300-500 ℃ under the protection of argon, and carrying out annealing treatment for 3-6 h to obtain the graphene/scandium/nickel@silicon composite material.
More preferably, the scandium source comprises any one of scandium isopropoxide and scandium acetylacetonate hydrate.
More preferably, the reducing agent comprises any one of potassium, sodium, lithium, and calcium.
More optimally, the mass ratio of the graphene to the naphthalene to the scandium source to the reducing agent is 1:50 (5-8) to 25.
More optimally, the mass ratio of the nano silicon to the hydrofluoric acid is 1:1.5.
More optimally, the chemical plating solution is formed by mixing 20-30 g/L nickel chloride, 25-45 g/L tri-ammonium citrate, 20-25 g/L sodium hypophosphite, 5-20 g/L sodium citrate and 30-70 mg/L sodium dodecyl sulfate, and ammonia water is added to adjust the pH value of the chemical plating solution to 8-10.
More optimally, the preparation method of the alkaline solution of the graphene/scandium composite material comprises the following steps: adding the graphene/scandium composite material into 10wt% sodium hydroxide solution, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 5-15 min to prepare an alkaline solution of the graphene/scandium composite material with the concentration of 20-30 wt%.
More optimally, the mass ratio of the graphene/scandium composite material to the nickel@silicon composite material is 1 (0.5-1).
More optimally, the preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire comprises the following steps:
(1) Preheating a crucible to 250-300 ℃ under the protection of argon, adding an aluminum ingot, heating to 680-720 ℃ to melt the aluminum ingot, and obtaining aluminum liquid;
(2) Adding magnesium, chromium, manganese and zinc into the aluminum liquid, stirring for 5-15 min, adding rare earth metal into the aluminum liquid, stirring for 5-15 min, heating to 780-820 ℃, adding reinforcing phase particles, cooling to alloy semi-solid state, and stirring for 30-60 min;
(3) Heating to 730-740 ℃, preserving heat for 30-60 min, removing residues on the surface of the molten liquid, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 15-30 min under the conditions of power of 1-2 Kw and frequency of 18-22 KHz;
(4) Casting the molten liquid into a preheated die to obtain an ingot, naturally cooling the ingot to room temperature, and then carrying out heat treatment and drawing forming to obtain the high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire.
More optimally, the solid phase fraction in the alloy semi-solid state is 40-50%.
More preferably, the heat treatment is: heating the ingot to 400-500 ℃, preserving heat for 2-4 h, then carrying out oil quenching, finally heating to 150-200 ℃, preserving heat for 5-10 h, and completing the heat treatment process after the ingot is naturally cooled from room temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention improves the performance of the aluminum magnesium alloy by blending the components of the aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire and adding rare earth metal and reinforcing phase particles; the reinforced phase particles mainly refine grains, improve the performance of the aluminum-magnesium alloy, and the rare earth metal compensates the elongation of the aluminum-magnesium alloy, so that the aluminum-magnesium alloy has better high temperature resistance and wear resistance by the cooperation of the reinforced phase particles and the rare earth metal.
(1) In the scheme, a scandium layer is firstly generated on the surface of graphene in situ, then a nickel@silicon layer is generated on the surface of the scandium layer in situ, finally a graphene/scandium/nickel@silicon composite material is prepared, and the composite material with a proper ruler diameter is prepared by controlling the reaction time length; the graphene in the composite material is coated in the composite material, so that aggregation of the graphene in a melt is avoided; in addition, scandium can have strong influence on aluminum alloy grain refinement, aluminum scandium which is coherent with an aluminum matrix can pin dislocation, alloy recrystallization is prevented, obvious substructure reinforcement is generated, the mechanical property and recrystallization temperature of the aluminum alloy are further remarkably improved, and in addition, the weldability can be improved to a certain extent; the nickel @ silicon plays a role in deoxidization, and the performance of weld metal can be improved in the welding process;
(2) Mixing the prepared graphene/scandium/nickel@silicon composite material with silicon carbide, titanium carbonitride and titanium boride according to a certain mass ratio, and using the mixed material as reinforcing phase particles to cooperatively reinforce the aluminum-magnesium alloy; the reinforced phase particles mainly refine the crystal grains, so that the crystal grains receive a certain pushing action in the growing process, thereby achieving the effect of preventing the crystal grains from growing, enabling the alloy to be more compact, further improving the performance of the alloy, and finally playing the role of improving the wear resistance and the high temperature resistance of the alloy;
(3) Although the enhanced phase particles can greatly improve the compactness of the aluminum-magnesium alloy, so that the aluminum-magnesium alloy has higher high-temperature resistance and wear resistance, but the extensibility of the material can be obviously influenced, more chromium and rare earth metals are added in the scheme for improvement, in addition, the rare earth metals can eliminate harmful impurities in the alloy, and further, the thermal stability of the alloy is improved, so that the aluminum-magnesium alloy has better high-temperature resistance and mechanical property;
(4) In the scheme, an aluminum magnesium alloy is prepared by adopting a semi-solid stirring auxiliary ultrasonic method in the melting and stirring process, the solid phase fraction in the alloy semi-solid is controlled by controlling the temperature and the heat preservation time, so that better microstructure and finer and more uniform grains are obtained, the performance of the aluminum magnesium alloy is improved, and finally, the aluminum magnesium alloy is subjected to homogenization heat treatment, so that the state of uneven and segregation of internal components is eliminated, and the performance of the alloy is further improved.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that the manufacturers of all the raw materials according to the present invention include, without any particular limitation: in the following examples, graphene purity was 99.9%, cat: AM-C3-065-1, thickness: 0.5nm, flake (Zhejiang submicron technologies Co., ltd.), tetrahydrofuran purity 99% (Hezhou Ind.), naphthalene purity 99% (Henan Tianfu chemical Co., ltd.), scandium isopropoxide purity 99%, CAS number: 60406-93-1, cat: JJL241301010101010101, 99% of potassium powder purity (Nanjing reagent Co., ltd.) and 99.5% of nano silicon purity, particle size 16+ -3 nm (Shanghai Kagaku Nakagaku Co., ltd.), hydrofluoric acid 99% (Henan Tianfu Co., ltd.), triethylene glycol 99% (Shanghai Biyang Co., ltd.), nickel chloride 99% (Hebei Chengfeng Co., ltd.), tri-ammonium citrate 99% (Henan Chemie Co., ltd.), sodium hypophosphite 99% (Hubei Jusheng Sheng Teng Co., ltd.), sodium citrate 99% (Hubei Yongsu Techn Co., ltd.), sodium dodecyl sulfonate 99% (Hubei Yongku Teng Co., ltd.), sodium hydroxide 99% (Nanjing Teng Co., ltd.), magnesium 99.9% (Yi Ten Co., ltd.), chromium powder 99% (Henan Chen Co., ltd.), manganese 99% (Guangdong Weng Jiang Chemie Co., ltd.), zinc 95% (Nanjing Ten, cerium 99.5% (Beijing Chen Heng Chen Co., ltd.), yttrium 99% (Hebei Heng Kagaku Ten Co., ltd.), yttrium 99% (Hejie.9% (Hejie Kagaku Ten.) (He Kagaku Kogyo Co., ltd.), titanium (Kagaku.) Kagaku., ltd., hejia, ytty., 99.9% Heyak, the purity of titanium boride was 99.9% (Shanghai complex nanotechnology Co., ltd.).
Chemical plating solution: the chemical plating solution is formed by mixing 25g/L nickel chloride, 40g/L ammonium citrate, 20g/L sodium hypophosphite, 15g/L sodium citrate and 45mg/L sodium dodecyl sulfate, and ammonia water is added to adjust the pH value of the chemical plating solution to 9;
alkaline solution of graphene/scandium composite: and adding 25 parts of the graphene/scandium composite material into 75 parts of 10wt% sodium hydroxide solution, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15min to prepare an alkaline solution of the graphene/scandium composite material with the concentration of 25 wt%.
Example 1: a preparation process of a high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire comprises the following steps:
step one: (1) Adding 10 parts of graphene powder into tetrahydrofuran solution, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 60min to obtain a graphene powder with a concentration of 2×10 -3 g/mL graphene suspension; (2) Under the protection of argon, adding 500 parts of naphthalene, 65 parts of scandium isopropoxide and 250 parts of potassium powder into a graphene suspension, stirring at 60 ℃ for reaction for 5 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, and centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain a graphene/scandium composite material; (3) Adding 10 parts of nano silicon into 35wt% ethanol solution, adding 15 parts of hydrofluoric acid, and stirring for 30min to enable hydrogen to be attached to the surface of the nano silicon, so as to obtain pretreated nano silicon; (4) Immersing the pretreated nano silicon in an electroless plating solution for 30min, so that the surface of the nano silicon is coated with a layer of metallic nickel to obtain a nickel@silicon composite material; (5) Adding 8 parts of nickel@silicon composite material into 20 parts of triethylene glycol, stirring for 10min, adding 40 parts of alkaline solution of graphene/scandium composite material into the mixture, stirring the mixture for 12h at 180 ℃, filtering, washing and drying the mixture, heating the mixture to 400 ℃ under the protection of argon, and annealing the mixture for 5h to obtain the graphene/scandium/nickel@silicon composite material;
step two: (1) Mixing cerium, yttrium and erbium in a mass ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain rare earth metal;
(2) Mixing silicon carbide, titanium carbonitride, titanium boride, graphene/scandium/nickel@silicon in a mass ratio of 2:1:1:2 to obtain reinforced phase particles;
step three: (1) Preheating a crucible to 250 ℃ under the protection of argon, adding an aluminum ingot, and heating to 700 ℃ to melt the aluminum ingot to obtain aluminum liquid; (2) Adding magnesium powder, chromium powder, manganese powder and zinc powder into the aluminum liquid, stirring for 10min, adding rare earth metal into the aluminum liquid, stirring for 10min, heating to 800 ℃, adding reinforcing phase particles, cooling to alloy semi-solid state, detecting the solid phase fraction to be 45+/-1%, and stirring for 45min; (3) Heating to 740 ℃, preserving heat for 60min, removing residues on the surface of the molten liquid, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 15min under the power of 1.5Kw and the frequency of 20 KHz; (4) Casting the molten liquid into a preheated mold to obtain an ingot; (5) After naturally cooling to room temperature, heating the cast ingot to 470 ℃, preserving heat for 4 hours, then carrying out oil quenching, finally heating to 180 ℃, preserving heat for 10 hours, completing heat treatment, and finally carrying out drawing forming to obtain the finished productHigh-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum magnesium alloy welding wires;
the high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 5.2% of magnesium, 0.4% of chromium, 0.12% of manganese, 0.03% of zinc, 1.1% of rare earth metal, 1.5% of reinforcing phase particles, and the balance of aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the impurity is less than or equal to 0.03%.
Example 2: a preparation process of a high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire comprises the following steps:
step one: (1) Adding 10 parts of graphene powder into tetrahydrofuran solution, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 60min to obtain a graphene powder with a concentration of 2×10 -4 g/mL graphene suspension; (2) Under the protection of argon, adding 500 parts of naphthalene, 50 parts of scandium isopropoxide and 250 parts of potassium powder into a graphene suspension, stirring at 20 ℃ for reaction for 2 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, and centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain a graphene/scandium composite material; (3) Adding 10 parts of nano silicon into 35wt% ethanol solution, adding 15 parts of hydrofluoric acid, stirring for 15min to enable hydrogen to be attached on the surface of the nano silicon to obtain a pre-preparationTreated nano silicon; (4) Immersing the pretreated nano silicon in an electroless plating solution for 30min, so that the surface of the nano silicon is coated with a layer of metallic nickel to obtain a nickel@silicon composite material; (5) Adding 5 parts of nickel@silicon composite material into 20 parts of triethylene glycol, stirring for 10min, adding 40 parts of alkaline solution of graphene/scandium composite material into the mixture, stirring the mixture for 12h at 180 ℃, filtering, washing and drying the mixture, heating the mixture to 400 ℃ under the protection of argon, and annealing the mixture for 5h to obtain the graphene/scandium/nickel@silicon composite material;
step two: (1) Mixing cerium, yttrium and erbium in a mass ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain rare earth metal;
(2) Mixing silicon carbide, titanium carbonitride, titanium boride, graphene/scandium/nickel@silicon in a mass ratio of 2:1:1:2 to obtain reinforced phase particles;
step three: (1) Preheating a crucible to 250 ℃ under the protection of argon, adding an aluminum ingot, and heating to 700 ℃ to melt the aluminum ingot to obtain aluminum liquid; (2) Adding magnesium powder, chromium powder, manganese powder and zinc powder into the aluminum liquid, stirring for 10min, adding rare earth metal into the aluminum liquid, stirring for 10min, heating to 800 ℃, adding reinforcing phase particles, cooling to alloy semi-solid state, detecting the solid phase fraction to be 40+/-1%, and stirring for 60min; (3) Heating to 740 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, removing residues on the surface of the molten liquid, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 15min under the power of 1.5Kw and the frequency of 20 KHz; (4) Casting the molten liquid into a preheated mold to obtain an ingot; (5) After naturally cooling to room temperature, heating the cast ingot to 400 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, then carrying out oil quenching, finally heating to 150 ℃, preserving heat for 5 hours, completing heat treatment, and finally carrying out drawing forming to obtain the finished productHigh-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum magnesium alloy welding wires;
the high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 5.2% of magnesium, 0.4% of chromium, 0.12% of manganese, 0.03% of zinc, 1.1% of rare earth metal, 1.5% of reinforcing phase particles, and the balance of aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the impurity is less than or equal to 0.03%.
Example 3: a preparation process of a high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire comprises the following steps:
step one: (1) Adding 10 parts of graphene powder into tetrahydrofuran solution, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 60min to obtain a graphene powder with a concentration of 2×10 -3 g/mL graphene suspension; (2) Under the protection of argon, adding 500 parts of naphthalene, 80 parts of scandium isopropoxide and 250 parts of potassium powder into a graphene suspension, stirring at 80 ℃ for reaction for 6 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, and centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain a graphene/scandium composite material; (3) Adding 10 parts of nano silicon into 35wt% ethanol solution, adding 15 parts of hydrofluoric acid, and stirring for 30min to enable hydrogen to be attached to the surface of the nano silicon, so as to obtain pretreated nano silicon; (4) Immersing the pretreated nano silicon in an electroless plating solution for 50min, so that the surface of the nano silicon is coated with a layer of metallic nickel to obtain a nickel@silicon composite material; (5) Adding 10 parts of nickel@silicon composite material into 20 parts of triethylene glycol, stirring for 10min, adding 40 parts of alkaline solution of graphene/scandium composite material into the mixture, stirring the mixture for 12h at 180 ℃, filtering, washing and drying the mixture, heating the mixture to 400 ℃ under the protection of argon, and annealing the mixture for 5h to obtain the graphene/scandium/nickel@silicon composite material;
step two: (1) Mixing cerium, yttrium and erbium in a mass ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain rare earth metal;
(2) Mixing silicon carbide, titanium carbonitride, titanium boride, graphene/scandium/nickel@silicon in a mass ratio of 2:1:1:2 to obtain reinforced phase particles;
step three: (1) Preheating a crucible to 250 ℃ under the protection of argon, adding an aluminum ingot, and heating to 700 ℃ to melt the aluminum ingot to obtain aluminum liquid; (2) Adding magnesium powder, chromium powder, manganese powder and zinc powder into the aluminum liquid, stirring for 10min, adding rare earth metal into the aluminum liquid, stirring for 10min, heating to 800 ℃, adding reinforcing phase particles, cooling to alloy semi-solid state, detecting the solid phase fraction to be 50+/-1%, and stirring for 30min; (3) Heating to 740 ℃, preserving heat for 60min, removing residues on the surface of the molten liquid, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 15min under the power of 1.5Kw and the frequency of 20 KHz; (4) Casting the molten liquid into a preheated mold to obtain an ingot; (5) After naturally cooling to room temperature, heating the cast ingot to 500 ℃, preserving heat for 4 hours, then carrying out oil quenching, finally heating to 200 ℃, preserving heat for 10 hours, completing heat treatment, and finally carrying out drawing formingObtainingHigh-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum magnesium alloy welding wires;
the high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 5.2% of magnesium, 0.4% of chromium, 0.12% of manganese, 0.03% of zinc, 1.1% of rare earth metal, 1.5% of reinforcing phase particles, and the balance of aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the impurity is less than or equal to 0.03%.
Example 4: the high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 5.2% of magnesium, 0.4% of chromium, 0.12% of manganese, 0.03% of zinc, 0.5% of rare earth metal, 1% of reinforcing phase particles, and the balance of aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the impurity is less than or equal to 0.03%.
Example 5: the high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 5.2% of magnesium, 0.4% of chromium, 0.12% of manganese, 0.03% of zinc, 1.5% of rare earth metal, 2% of reinforcing phase particles, and the balance of aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the impurity is less than or equal to 0.03%.
Comparative example 1: the procedure of example 1 was followed except that no reinforcing phase particles were added;
comparative example 2: the reinforced phase particles are not added with graphene/scandium/nickel@silicon composite material, and the reinforced phase particles are otherwise the same as in the example 1;
comparative example 3: the graphene/scandium/nickel @ silicon composite material was replaced with a graphene/scandium composite material, otherwise identical to example 1;
comparative example 4: the solid fraction in the alloy semi-solid state was 30.+ -. 1%, otherwise the same as in example 1.
Performance test: the high temperature and abrasion resistant aluminum magnesium alloy welding wires prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 4 are subjected to Rockwell hardness detection, tensile strength test and elongation, and specific data are shown in Table 1: the specific detection method comprises the following steps:
(1) Detection of Rockwell hardness: determining the hardness of the surface of the high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium welding wire at 25 ℃ and 400 ℃ by using an HR-150A Rockwell hardness tester;
(2) Detection of tensile Strength: tensile stress was measured at 25℃and 400℃using a WE-10 hydraulic tensile tester at a tensile rate of 0.05mm/min, and 3 groups of average values were obtained for each group of mechanical properties.
TABLE 1
Analysis of results: according to Rockwell hardness data at different temperatures, the prepared aluminum magnesium alloy has higher hardness, and the comparative examples and comparative examples have excellent high temperature resistance; and at different temperatures, the graphene/scandium/nickel@silicon composite material still has higher tensile strength, and compared examples and comparative examples can refine crystal grains of the aluminum-magnesium welding wire, improve the compactness of the welding wire, and obviously improve the hardness and the tensile strength of the welding wire at room temperature and high temperature, namely obviously improve the high temperature resistance and the wear resistance of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire is characterized in that: the aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 4 to 6 percent of magnesium, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of chromium, 0.05 to 0.2 percent of manganese, 0.02 to 0.05 percent of zinc, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of rare earth metal, 1 to 2 percent of reinforcing phase particles and the balance of aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the impurities are less than or equal to 0.03 percent;
the rare earth metal comprises at least one of cerium, yttrium and erbium;
the reinforcing phase particles comprise at least one of silicon carbide, chromium carbide, tungsten carbide, titanium carbonitride, titanium carbide, vanadium carbide, and titanium boride.
2. The high temperature and wear resistant aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the reinforcing phase particles also comprise graphene/scandium/nickel@silicon composite material.
3. The high temperature and wear resistant aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the preparation method of the graphene/scandium/nickel@silicon composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding graphene powder into tetrahydrofuran solution, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30-60 min to obtain a solution with the concentration of 2X 10 -4 ～2×10 -3 g/mL graphene suspension;
(2) Adding naphthalene, scandium source and reducing agent into graphene suspension under the protection of argon, stirring at 20-80 ℃ for 2-6 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, and centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain graphene/scandium composite material;
(3) Adding nano silicon into ethanol solution with the weight percent of 30-40%, adding hydrofluoric acid, and stirring for 15-30 min to obtain pretreated nano silicon;
(4) Immersing the pretreated nano silicon into the chemical plating solution for 20-50 min to obtain a nickel@silicon composite material;
(5) Adding the nickel@silicon composite material into triethylene glycol, stirring for 5-15 min, adding an alkaline solution of the graphene/scandium composite material into the mixture, stirring the mixture for 8-16 h at 150-200 ℃, filtering, washing and drying the mixture, heating the mixture to 300-500 ℃ under the protection of argon, and carrying out annealing treatment for 3-6 h to obtain the graphene/scandium/nickel@silicon composite material.
4. A high temperature and wear resistant aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire in accordance with claim 3 wherein: the mass ratio of the graphene/scandium composite material to the nickel@silicon composite material is 1 (0.5-1).
5. The high temperature and wear resistant aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the reinforced phase particles are obtained by mixing silicon carbide, titanium carbonitride, titanium boride and graphene/scandium/nickel@silicon composite materials in a mass ratio of 2:1:1:2.
6. The high temperature and wear resistant aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the rare earth metal is obtained by mixing cerium, yttrium and erbium in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.
7. A high temperature and wear resistant aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire in accordance with claim 3 wherein: the scandium source comprises any one of scandium isopropoxide and scandium acetylacetonate hydrate; the reducing agent comprises any one of potassium, sodium, lithium and calcium; the mass ratio of the graphene to the naphthalene to the scandium source to the reducing agent is 1:50 (5-8) to 25; the mass ratio of the nano silicon to the hydrofluoric acid is 1:1.5.
8. The process for preparing the high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the process comprises the following steps of: the preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire comprises the following steps:
(1) Preheating a crucible to 250-300 ℃ under the protection of argon, adding an aluminum ingot, heating to 680-720 ℃ to melt the aluminum ingot, and obtaining aluminum liquid;
(2) Adding magnesium, chromium, manganese and zinc into the aluminum liquid, stirring for 5-15 min, adding rare earth metal into the aluminum liquid, stirring for 5-15 min, heating to 780-820 ℃, adding reinforcing phase particles, cooling to alloy semi-solid state, and stirring for 30-60 min;
(3) Heating to 730-740 ℃, preserving heat for 30-60 min, removing residues on the surface of the molten liquid, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 15-30 min under the conditions of power of 1-2 Kw and frequency of 18-22 KHz;
(4) Casting the molten liquid into a preheated die to obtain an ingot, naturally cooling the ingot to room temperature, and then carrying out heat treatment and drawing forming to obtain the high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire.
9. The process for preparing the high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire, which is characterized in that: the solid phase fraction in the alloy semi-solid state is 40-50%.
10. The process for preparing the high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire, which is characterized in that: the heat treatment is as follows: heating the ingot to 400-500 ℃, preserving heat for 2-4 h, then carrying out oil quenching, and finally heating to 150-200 ℃ and preserving heat for 5-10 h.
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