CN117528783A - Multiple access method and system for transmission control separation in hierarchical heterogeneous network - Google Patents
Multiple access method and system for transmission control separation in hierarchical heterogeneous network Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
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- H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
- H04W72/51—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on terminal or device properties
- H04W72/512—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on terminal or device properties for low-latency requirements, e.g. URLLC
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
- H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
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- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multiple access method and a system for transmission control separation in a hierarchical heterogeneous network, wherein firstly, an access control node estimates traffic volume and sends the traffic volume to a satellite, the satellite allocates channel resources according to the demand volume and then sends the traffic volume to the access control node, and the access control node configures access parameters according to the channel resources and broadcasts the access parameters to a ground terminal; the method comprises the steps that a ground terminal arrives at a service, access or silence is determined according to the broadcast access probability, a request sequence is generated, an access request is randomly sent to an access control node, the access control node processes an access packet and then broadcasts a competition result to the ground, a successful user carries out data transmission on a specified access time slot and frequency in feedback, the data packet is sent to a satellite, and the conflicting user and a newly arrived and silence ground terminal wait for the next access control node to broadcast access parameters. The invention realizes the stable low-delay random access of the ground and the satellite.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless network communication technologies, and in particular, to a multiple access method and system for transmission and control separation in a hierarchical heterogeneous network.
Background
Since the satellite is located at 300-1000Km high altitude, a large number of users are likely to collide with a channel, and communication time is long, and even the nearest low orbit satellite needs more than 1 millisecond to retransmit once the channel collision occurs, collision avoidance has been one of the problems to be solved by satellite access. The ALOHA protocol proposed earlier is based on the idea of packet switching, divides the transmitted data into a plurality of data packets, and then transmits the data packets through a wireless channel, allowing a plurality of users to access the same channel at the same time, and automatically retransmitting the data when a collision occurs, so that the algorithm has higher utilization rate and transmission efficiency of the general channel. One of the main technologies is to update dynamic access parameters using a deep reinforcement learning network and broadcast to users via low-orbit satellites, thereby reducing the access failure rate. In addition, there is another technology that a pilot sequence is obtained from an available pilot sequence set according to a preset probability threshold value and is sent to a base station, the base station generates pre-coding random access response information according to the pilot sequence, and screens users with the same pilot sequence meeting preset optimal channel gain according to the pre-coding random access response information by using a statistical estimation method to obtain optimal channel gain users, namely, the users judge whether pilot collision occurs with other users or not, so as to reduce pilot collision probability, however, the following problems exist:
(1) At the random access of the satellite terminal, even if the probability of access failure is reduced, collision still occurs, so that a large amount of satellite channel resources are wasted.
(2) The satellite-ground distance is far, collision occurs at the satellite end, and the ground terminal needs to retransmit after a long time, so that the transmission delay of the ground terminal is large.
(3) The service data information and the access information are transmitted together, and the access failure wastes a large amount of service channel resources, and even if the access is successful, the access information also belongs to useless information for the service information, and wastes the channel resources.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the channel resource utilization rate of satellite random access and shorten the average transmission time delay, the invention researches the rule of satellite random access, and provides a multiple access method and a system for transmission and control separation in a layered heterogeneous network, which realize stable low-time delay random access of the ground and the satellite.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a multiple access method for transmission control separation in a hierarchical heterogeneous network comprises the following steps:
step S100, the access control node applies for the service transmission resource quantity to the access service node according to the quantity of the terminals to be accessed and the service intensity of the terminals;
step S200, the access service node distributes available transmission resource quantity for each access control node according to the service transmission resource quantity applied by all access control nodes in the network;
step S300, the access control node determines the number of random access time slots contained in the random access frame to be performed next according to the allocated available transmission resource amount;
step S400, the access control node generates terminal access probability P according to the number of random access time slots and the number of terminals to be accessed;
step S500, the access control node broadcasts the random access time slot number, the random access carrier number and the terminal access probability to the terminal;
step S600, the terminal to be accessed is accessed by probability of P, the probability of 1-P enters a silence state and is not accessed, if the terminal is accessed, a time slot is randomly selected in the next random access frame according to the number of the random access time slots, and an access request is sent to an access control node; if the access is not performed in the silent state, the step S600 is repeated after waiting for the next time of access to the control node to send the available random access time slot number and the terminal access probability;
step S700, after the random access frame is finished, the access control node processes all received random access requests, and separates out random access requests which can be correctly demodulated and the number of random access time slots which cannot be correctly demodulated due to collision;
step S800, the access control node distributes available transmission resources for the corresponding terminal to be accessed according to the service transmission requirement in the random access request which is correctly demodulated, and sends a transmission resource distribution message to the corresponding terminal to be accessed; meanwhile, calculating the number of colliding users according to the number of the colliding random access time slots, and further predicting the number of terminals to be accessed and the service intensity of the terminals;
step S900, the terminal receiving the transmission resource allocation message sends the service data to the access service node in the corresponding transmission resource to complete the service transmission;
step S1000, the access control node and the node which does not complete the service transmission go to step S100 to perform the random access of the next round.
Further, the applying for the service transmission resource amount to the access service node specifically includes:
the access control node will be based on the predicted service intensity lambda and the number of users to be accessed K i To determine the service transmission resourceSource quantity R, where r=λ×k i 。
Further, the allocating the available transmission resource amount to each access control node specifically is:
the access service node will proportionally allocate the available service time slot number n of the access service node according to the received request service transmission resource amount of each access control node t And the number of carriers I c The amount of available transmission resources S for each access control node l ＝n t ×I c 。
Further, the access control node determines the number of random access slots included in the random access frame to be performed next according to the allocated available transmission resource amount, specifically:
the amount of transmission time slot resources available per carrier of an access control node isEach traffic channel time slot has a time length t S Each random access time slot has a time length of t m Number of accessible carriers I m Random access time slot number n=t×t on each carrier of access control node S ×I m /t m 。
Further, the access control node determines the terminal access probability according to the number of random access time slots and the number of terminals to be accessed, specifically:
the number of terminals to be accessed is K, the number of random access time slots is n, and the actual number of access terminals in the current random access frame is m i ，m i And n corresponds toProbability is used by all terminals to be accessed in current random access frameAnd (5) accessing.
Further, the predicting the number of terminals to be accessed and the service intensity of the terminals specifically includes:
the total number of all terminals under one access control node is U, the number of to-be-accessed terminals is K, the number of random access time slots of the current random access frame is n, and the number of access terminals of the current random access frame is m i The access terminal, namely the terminal to be accessed, judges the terminal which selects access but not silence through probability P, and the number of successfully reserved terminals in the current random access frame is m succ The number of the terminals collided in the current random access frame is m c The collision time slot number C and m of the current random access frame i The relationship between them corresponds to a functionLet its inverse function be f -1 (C) The access control node estimates the actual access terminal number m of the random access frame according to the collision time slot number C of the current random access frame i The number of terminals to be accessed K in the random access frame i ＝m i /P i The number of terminals m where the random access frame collides c ＝K i -m succ The access terminal of the next random access frame consists of three parts: the method comprises the steps that a terminal to be accessed with a silent current random access frame collides with a terminal needing retransmission and a terminal newly arrived by the current random access frame; number of access terminals K for next random access frame i+1 ＝K i -m i +m c +(U-K i +m succ )·(1-e -λ·n ) Predicting service intensity of coverage terminal under access control node
Further, the available transmission resources are allocated, specifically: and sequentially allocating different carriers in the same service channel time slot according to the access time sequence of each access terminal, allocating each carrier in the next service channel time slot after the different carriers in the same service channel time slot are allocated, and transmitting data in each carrier after each access terminal waits for the arrival of the own service channel time slot.
Further, the random access of the next round is performed specifically as follows:
and taking all the users with silent current random access frames, the users which send the random access requests but collide and the users which newly arrive at the service package as the terminals to be accessed in the next round, and carrying out new round of random access requests and service sending.
A multiple access system for transmission control separation in a hierarchical heterogeneous network comprises a resource allocation subsystem, an access control subsystem and a service transmission subsystem; wherein:
the resource allocation subsystem comprises an space-based satellite serving as an access service node and an air platform serving as an access control node, and is used for determining to allocate a certain amount of service transmission resources to each air platform in proportion according to the access strength of a ground user in the service range of the air platform fed back by the air platform, wherein the space-based satellite comprises time resources and frequency resources;
the access control subsystem comprises the aerial platform and the ground users serving as terminals, and is used for determining the number of random access time slots and the number of the ground users which can be accessed in the random access time slots according to the service transmission resources distributed by the space-based satellite, so as to determine the access probability of the ground users, and the ground users access the aerial platform according to the number of the time slots and the access probability information and wait for transmitting to the space-based satellite in sequence after successful access;
the service transmission subsystem comprises a space-based satellite and a ground user, the ground user accesses to an aerial platform when data arrives to be transmitted, a service transmission resource amount is obtained after the access is successful, wherein the service transmission resource amount comprises time resources and frequency resources, and the ground user transmits the data to the space-based satellite at a specified frequency in a specified time.
Further, the space-based satellite equipment comprises a resource allocation module and a service transmission module, wherein the resource allocation module is used for allocating available transmission resources according to service intensity fed back by each access control node, and the service transmission module is used for receiving service information sent by the ground terminal;
the aerial platform device comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, a balloon, an airplane and an airship, and comprises three functional modules: the system comprises a prediction service and resource request module, an access information configuration module and a competition access module, wherein the prediction and resource request module is used for predicting the number of terminals to be accessed and the service intensity according to collision information generated during access, applying service channel resources to an access service node, the access information configuration module is used for configuring the number of access time slots and the access probability according to the applied available transmission resources, and the competition access module is used for judging and feeding back the access result according to the access information of each terminal;
the ground user comprises four functional modules: the system comprises a data storage and waiting module, an access judging module, a grouping generation and access request module and a data transmission module; the data storage and waiting module is used for waiting for the arrival of a data packet and the broadcasting of access information, the access judging module is used for judging whether the access is in the round of access broadcasting or is silent, the packet generating and access requesting module is used for generating a packet only containing identity information and sending an access request to the access control node, and the data transmission module is used for transmitting service information to the access service node.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
firstly, by introducing an air-ground three-layer network, the competitive receiving equipment is separated from the data receiving equipment, access control, resource allocation and service transmission in traditional satellite communication are separated, competition is carried out by an access control node which is closer to the ground, each ground terminal can transmit data to the satellite without collision after competing for a time slot, long-time propagation delay after collision at a remote satellite is converted into short propagation delay which is closer to air-ground information collision, and the transmission rate of a ground user side is improved.
Secondly, in order to improve the channel utilization rate, the access control part judges the access strength according to the collision probability, dynamically changes parameters to adjust resource allocation, reduces the probability of contention failure, shortens the access time delay and improves the efficiency of the service transmission part.
Thirdly, even if collision does not occur in the general network structure, the competition information is carried in the data message to cause resource waste, and the competition information is separated out together by the method, so that the utilization rate of resources is further improved.
Fourth, the contention and transmission distribution are performed simultaneously, so that the contention time is guaranteed except for the first super frame, the service channels of the latter time satellites can guarantee whether collision data arrives all the time, and the resource utilization rate of the service transmission channels can reach 100% under the condition that the arrival quantity of the service packets of the ground terminal is enough.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a system model diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a system flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a contention and transmission procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a ground terminal of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is an effect diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Embodiment one:
referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a multiple access method and system for transmission and control separation in a hierarchical heterogeneous network according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided.
As shown in the figure, the three-layer satellite network of the embodiment of the invention consists of an access service node, an access control node and a ground terminal, wherein the space-based satellite of S101 is used as the access service node, the space-based network layer consists of an unmanned aerial vehicle of S102, a base station of S103 and a balloon of S104 as the access control node, and S105, S106 and S107 are three groups of ground terminals.
Firstly, three access control nodes S102, S103, S104 send service resource application messages R1, R2, R3 to S101 on a resource allocation channel, and after receiving the service resource application messages, an S101 day-based satellite allocates channel resources according to the proportion of the three service resource application messages, and sends allocated time slots and frequency resources n to S102, S103, S104 t1 ,n t2 ,n t3 ,I c1 ,I c2 ,I c3 . S102 will n t1 And I c1 Substitution formulaObtaining the number of access time slots and further obtaining the access probability->S103 will n t2 And I c2 Substituting the formula to obtain the access time slot number +.>And access probability->S104 will n t3 And I c3 Substituting the formula to obtain the access time slot number +.>And access probability->Wherein K ', K' respectively represent the number of terminals to be accessed under the management of three access control nodes, S102 will n 1 、P 1 Broadcast to S105, S103 will n 2 、P 2 Broadcast to S106, S104 will n 3 、P 3 Broadcast to S106.
This time of access, P 1 In S105, 40% of the ground terminals to be transmitted enter a silence state, and the remaining 60% of the ground terminals to be transmitted generate an access packet containing only identity information and no service information, and transmit the access packet to S102.
S102 judges access information one time slot by one time slot, marks the information which can be demodulated as success, and fails, and feeds back to the terminal in S105. The successful terminal in S105 transmits the data information to S101, and the failed terminal waits for the broadcast information of S102 together with the silent terminal. The access control node S102 receives the collision number according to the round of access And its inverse function f -1 (C) Estimating the number m of access terminals of the round, and estimating the number K of terminals to be accessed before the round of access i ′ The access control node S102 determines the number of successful terminals m according to the round of access succ Obtaining the number m of the terminals in collision c ＝K i -m succ Predicting the number K of terminals to be accessed in next frame i ′ +1 ＝K i ′ -m+m c +(U-K i +m succ )•(1-e -λ·n ) Estimating traffic intensity +.>Where i denotes a frame number, i is a current frame, i+1 is a next frame, i-1 is a previous frame, and U is the total number of terminals in S105.
S103 and S104 execute the same steps as described above for S106 and S107, respectively.
In the first embodiment, the access control module may be adapted to other random access protocols to improve access efficiency, and in the second embodiment, an interference cancellation technique is introduced in the access process.
Embodiment two:
first, the access control node sends a service resource request to the satellite in a resource allocation channel, and the satellite collects information of all access nodes under management and allocates the information in proportion. And broadcasting the calculated random access time slot number and the access probability to the terminals in the area of the air platform in the competition access channel.
And then the ground terminal generates and copies the access sequence of the arrived data, then randomly selects a time slot in the contention access channel for transmission, the access control node feeds back the contention result in the contention access channel, and the terminal with failed access waits for the next broadcast of the access control node.
And finally, the ground terminal with successful competition sends the data packet to the satellite in the service transmission channel.
The access and transmission procedure of the present invention will be further described with reference to fig. 2 and 4.
Here, five terminals under one access control node are illustrated. Firstly, each of the ground terminals 1-5 arrives at a data packet, 5 terminals wait for the access control node to broadcast access information, after receiving the broadcast information, judge whether to access according to the access probability, after judging, the terminal 2 and the terminal 5 enter silence to wait for the next broadcast of the access control node, the sending terminals generate 2 or 4 access packets according to the specified probability, the example generates 2 identical access packets with 51% probability, generates 4 identical access packets with 49% probability, and randomly selects the access time slot according to the access time slot broadcasted by the access control node. In fig. 4, the number of access packets of the terminal 1 is 4, which will generate 4 identical access packets, called a twin sequence, the number of time slot resources for receiving broadcast is 6, four time slots of 1, 3, 4 and 6 are randomly selected for transmission, the duration of the access time slot is set to be 0.5ms one time slot, and compared with the duration of the service time slot, the access time slot is short, thus called a micro time slot. The immediately transmitted broadcast is time slot 1, the waiting for 1ms to be transmitted is time slot 3, and so on. The number of access packets of the terminal 3 is 2, and the time slots are selected to be 3 and 4; the number of access packets of the terminal 4 is also 1, and the time slots are selected to be 1 and 2; the number of access packets of the terminal 5 is 4, and the time slots are selected to be 2, 3, 5 and 6.
Furthermore, the access control node end does not process immediately after receiving the message, but stores the data, waits for the end of a whole request access frame, judges the access packet time slot by time slot, recognizes that the second time slot has a single access packet, decodes the sequence to obtain the identity information terminal 4, and generates a reverse signal to eliminate the twin sequence of the terminal 4 in the 1 st time slot, wherein the twin sequence is located in the time slots 1 and 2. The access control node end judges from the first time slot to time slot, finds an independent sequence in the time slot 1, obtains identity information as the terminal 1, and the positions of the twin sequences are time slots 3, 4 and 6, and generates a twin sequence with reverse signals eliminated from the terminal 1. And (3) performing sequence identification again, finding an independent sequence in the time slot 3 to obtain identity information as the terminal 3, and generating a reverse signal to eliminate the twin sequence of the terminal 3 when the position of the twin sequence is the time slot 4. And identifying again that no new independent sequence is generated, and feeding back access information to the ground terminal.
Finally, the code rate between the satellite and the ground is 1Mbps, the data time slot length is set to 10ms, namely, the information amount of the 1 data time slot is 0.01Mb, the terminal 4 firstly transmits the data packet to the satellite according to the competing time slot sequence, the terminal 1 transmits the data after waiting for a service time slot for 10ms, and the terminal 3 transmits the data packet after waiting for 20 ms. The terminal 2, 5 of the silence of the present round waits until the next time the access control node receives the broadcast, and then carries out the above copy generation and random time slot selection together with other terminals to be accessed again, and then sends data to the satellite, at this time, the timer of the access control node is not stopped, and the data of the present round will immediately follow the service message of the previous round in the sending queue. The invention is mainly based on low-orbit satellites, so that the propagation time of transmitting data to the low-orbit satellites is more than 1ms, the propagation time of transmitting information to an access control node is less than 0.05ms, the difference is more than 20 times, and if the information is medium-orbit or high-orbit satellites, the difference is even thousands of times. The maximum channel utilization rate under the ideal condition of the known time slot ALOHA is 36.8%, when 80 different terminals have data packets to be transmitted, namely 0.8Mb data, the average time delay required by experiments is 2719ms, the average time delay required by the invention is 1028.9ms under the condition of proper access time slots, the time delay required by the invention is the time delay of initial access, when in multi-round access, the competing access process and the service transmission process are parallel, the time delay at the moment can be reduced to 1002.1ms, the performance is relatively improved by 271%, because the time required by basic competition of the invention is far less than the time required by transmitting, namely, the queues for transmitting information to satellites are continuously used, in most cases, the invention saves the wasted channel resources of collision time slots and idle time slots, greatly improves the channel utilization rate, and simultaneously reduces the average transmission time length of the information.
Examples three and experimental effect figures are given below for examples one to a specific number.
Embodiment III:
one space-based satellite is used as an access service node, two unmanned aerial vehicles are used as access control nodes, the two unmanned aerial vehicles are respectively called a node A and a node B, 200 ground terminals are arranged under the service coverage of the node A, 250 ground terminals are arranged under the service coverage of the node B, and the ground terminals served by the node A and the node B are not repeated. The space-based satellite has 45 available carriers as traffic channels. According to the method in the first embodiment, after network simulation, it is found that when the average arrival rate of each ground terminal is greater than or equal to 1/570 data packet per second, the channel utilization rate of the satellite is 100%.
According to the method of the invention, the simulation result of the algorithm of the invention is shown in fig. 6. Therefore, the transmission and control separated multiple access can realize the transmission approximate to collision-free, and the efficiency is greatly improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention and not for limiting the scope thereof, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications or equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention after reading the present invention, and these changes, modifications or equivalents are within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The multiple access method for transmission control separation in the hierarchical heterogeneous network is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S100, the access control node applies for the service transmission resource quantity to the access service node according to the quantity of the terminals to be accessed and the service intensity of the terminals;
step S200, the access service node distributes available transmission resource quantity for each access control node according to the service transmission resource quantity applied by all access control nodes in the network;
step S300, the access control node determines the number of random access time slots contained in the random access frame to be performed next according to the allocated available transmission resource amount;
step S400, the access control node generates terminal access probability P according to the number of random access time slots and the number of terminals to be accessed;
step S500, the access control node broadcasts the random access time slot number, the random access carrier number and the terminal access probability to the terminal;
step S600, the terminal to be accessed is accessed by probability of P, the probability of 1-P enters a silence state and is not accessed, if the terminal is accessed, a time slot is randomly selected in the next random access frame according to the number of the random access time slots, and an access request is sent to an access control node; if the access is not performed in the silent state, the step S600 is repeated after waiting for the next time of access to the control node to send the available random access time slot number and the terminal access probability;
step S700, after the random access frame is finished, the access control node processes all received random access requests, and separates out random access requests which can be correctly demodulated and the number of random access time slots which cannot be correctly demodulated due to collision;
step S800, the access control node distributes available transmission resources for the corresponding terminal to be accessed according to the service transmission requirement in the random access request which is correctly demodulated, and sends a transmission resource distribution message to the corresponding terminal to be accessed; meanwhile, calculating the number of colliding users according to the number of the colliding random access time slots, and further predicting the number of terminals to be accessed and the service intensity of the terminals;
step S900, the terminal receiving the transmission resource allocation message sends the service data to the access service node in the corresponding transmission resource to complete the service transmission;
step S1000, the access control node and the node which does not complete the service transmission go to step S100 to perform the random access of the next round.
2. The multiple access method of transmission control separation in a hierarchical heterogeneous network according to claim 1, wherein the applying for the service transmission resource amount to the access service node specifically comprises:
the access control node will be based on the predicted service intensity lambda and the number of users to be accessed K i To determine the traffic transmission resource amount R, where r=λ×k i 。
3. The multiple access method of transmission control separation in a hierarchical heterogeneous network according to claim 1, wherein the allocation of the available transmission resource amount for each access control node is specifically:
the access service node will proportionally allocate the available service time slot number n of the access service node according to the received request service transmission resource amount of each access control node t And the number of carriers I c For individual access controlNode, available transmission resource quantity S l ＝n t ×I c 。
4. The multiple access method of transmission control separation in a hierarchical heterogeneous network according to claim 1, wherein the access control node determines the number of random access slots included in the random access frame to be performed next according to the allocated available transmission resource amount, specifically:
the amount of transmission time slot resources available per carrier of an access control node isEach traffic channel time slot has a time length t S Each random access time slot has a time length of t m Number of accessible carriers I m Random access time slot number n=t×t on each carrier of access control node S ×I m /t m 。
5. The multiple access method of transmission control separation in a hierarchical heterogeneous network according to claim 1, wherein the access control node determines the terminal access probability according to the number of random access time slots and the number of terminals to be accessed, specifically:
the number of terminals to be accessed is K, the number of random access time slots is n, and the actual number of access terminals in the current random access frame is m i ，m i And n corresponds toProbability is used by all terminals to be accessed in current random access frameAnd (5) accessing.
6. The multiple access method of transmission control separation in a hierarchical heterogeneous network according to claim 1, wherein the predicting the number of terminals to be accessed and the service intensity of the terminals specifically includes:
the total number of all terminals under one access control node is U, the number of to-be-accessed terminals is K, the number of random access time slots of the current random access frame is n, and the number of access terminals of the current random access frame is m i The access terminal, namely the terminal to be accessed, judges the terminal which selects access but not silence through probability P, and the number of successfully reserved terminals in the current random access frame is m succ The number of the terminals collided in the current random access frame is m c The collision time slot number C and m of the current random access frame i The relationship between them corresponds to a functionLet its inverse function be f -1 (C) The access control node estimates the actual access terminal number m of the random access frame according to the collision time slot number C of the current random access frame i The number of terminals to be accessed K in the random access frame i ＝m i /P i The number of terminals m where the random access frame collides c ＝K i -m succ The access terminal of the next random access frame consists of three parts: the method comprises the steps that a terminal to be accessed with a silent current random access frame collides with a terminal needing retransmission and a terminal newly arrived by the current random access frame; number of access terminals K for next random access frame i+1 ＝K i -m i +m c +(U-K i +m succ )·(1-e -λ·n ) Predicting service intensity of coverage terminal under access control node
7. The multiple access method of transmission control separation in a hierarchical heterogeneous network according to claim 1, wherein the allocation of available transmission resources is specifically: and sequentially allocating different carriers in the same service channel time slot according to the access time sequence of each access terminal, allocating each carrier in the next service channel time slot after the different carriers in the same service channel time slot are allocated, and transmitting data in each carrier after each access terminal waits for the arrival of the own service channel time slot.
8. The multiple access method of transmission control separation in a hierarchical heterogeneous network according to claim 1, wherein the performing random access of the next round is specifically:
and taking all the users with silent current random access frames, the users which send the random access requests but collide and the users which newly arrive at the service package as the terminals to be accessed in the next round, and carrying out new round of random access requests and service sending.
9. A multiple access system for transmission control separation in a hierarchical heterogeneous network, for implementing the multiple access method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized by comprising a resource allocation subsystem, an access control subsystem and a service transmission subsystem; wherein:
the resource allocation subsystem comprises an space-based satellite serving as an access service node and an air platform serving as an access control node, and is used for determining to allocate a certain amount of service transmission resources to each air platform in proportion according to the access strength of a ground user in the service range of the air platform fed back by the air platform, wherein the space-based satellite comprises time resources and frequency resources;
the access control subsystem comprises the aerial platform and the ground users serving as terminals, and is used for determining the number of random access time slots and the number of the ground users which can be accessed in the random access time slots according to the service transmission resources distributed by the space-based satellite, so as to determine the access probability of the ground users, and the ground users access the aerial platform according to the number of the time slots and the access probability information and wait for transmitting to the space-based satellite in sequence after successful access;
the service transmission subsystem comprises a space-based satellite and a ground user, the ground user accesses to an aerial platform when data arrives to be transmitted, a service transmission resource amount is obtained after the access is successful, wherein the service transmission resource amount comprises time resources and frequency resources, and the ground user transmits the data to the space-based satellite at a specified frequency in a specified time.
10. The multiple access system for transmission control separation in a hierarchical heterogeneous network according to claim 9, wherein the space-based satellite device comprises a resource allocation module and a service transmission module, the resource allocation module is used for allocating available transmission resources according to service intensity fed back by each access control node, and the service transmission module is used for receiving service information sent by a ground terminal;
the aerial platform device comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, a balloon, an airplane and an airship, and comprises three functional modules: the system comprises a prediction service and resource request module, an access information configuration module and a competition access module, wherein the prediction and resource request module is used for predicting the number of terminals to be accessed and the service intensity according to collision information generated during access, applying service channel resources to an access service node, the access information configuration module is used for configuring the number of access time slots and the access probability according to the applied available transmission resources, and the competition access module is used for judging and feeding back the access result according to the access information of each terminal;
the ground user comprises four functional modules: the system comprises a data storage and waiting module, an access judging module, a grouping generation and access request module and a data transmission module; the data storage and waiting module is used for waiting for the arrival of a data packet and the broadcasting of access information, the access judging module is used for judging whether the access is in the round of access broadcasting or is silent, the packet generating and access requesting module is used for generating a packet only containing identity information and sending an access request to the access control node, and the data transmission module is used for transmitting service information to the access service node.
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