CN1175276A - Detergent composition - Google Patents
Detergent composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1175276A CN1175276A CN 95197609 CN95197609A CN1175276A CN 1175276 A CN1175276 A CN 1175276A CN 95197609 CN95197609 CN 95197609 CN 95197609 A CN95197609 A CN 95197609A CN 1175276 A CN1175276 A CN 1175276A
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- composition
- ratio
- anion surfactant
- weight
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- -1 alkylbenzene sulfonate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000235 small-angle X-ray scattering Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 206010044696 Tropical spastic paresis Diseases 0.000 description 38
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 20
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000001520 freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 102100023215 Dynein axonemal intermediate chain 7 Human genes 0.000 description 11
- 101000907337 Homo sapiens Dynein axonemal intermediate chain 7 Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 101001008515 Homo sapiens Ribosomal biogenesis protein LAS1L Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 101100060179 Drosophila melanogaster Clk gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101150038023 PEX1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- MQRJBSHKWOFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;carbonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O MQRJBSHKWOFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 101150014555 pas-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001464 small-angle X-ray scattering data Methods 0.000 description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GAQLESZDGLSZDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N P(=O)(O)(O)O.C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)[Na] Chemical compound P(=O)(O)(O)O.C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)[Na] GAQLESZDGLSZDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101710194948 Protein phosphatase PhpP Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentasodium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 description 2
- AKFRGHYHUILETL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,2-dicarboxyethoxy)butanedioic acid;sodium Chemical compound [Na].OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)OC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O AKFRGHYHUILETL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FARHYDJOXLCMRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]pyrazol-3-yl]oxyacetic acid Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C(=NN(C=1)CC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O)OCC(=O)O FARHYDJOXLCMRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical class [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940069428 antacid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003159 antacid agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001458 anti-acid effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- JYIMWRSJCRRYNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4] JYIMWRSJCRRYNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001595 flow curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000790 scattering method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bicarbonate Substances [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium nitrilotriacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OB=O YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000271 synthetic detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940038773 trisodium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/0082—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads
- C11D11/0088—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads the liquefied ingredients being sprayed or adsorbed onto solid particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
- C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a liquid surfactant composition having good chemical stability and being mobile at 20 DEG C to 80 DEG C, containing up to 60 % anionic surfactant, up to 80 % nonionic surfactant and from 0.2 to 8 % by weight of water in an anionic/nonionic ratio of 1:4 to 2:1, and having a mole ratio of water to anionic of less than 2.3. The liquid composition material may be sprayed onto a solid particulate absorbent material to form a detergent powder or component thereof.
Description
The present invention relates to detergent composition, relate in particular to the liquid mixture that contains high reactivity concentration negatively charged ion and nonionogenic tenside (HAMS), relate to the method that is used for stablizing the method for said mixture and mixture is converted into detergent powder.
In recent years, the trend of detergent market is towards closely knit fabric washing powder.Its reason partly is that part is owing to the scourability of improving, because the consumer orientation distributes the washing powder end in by volume rather than by weight owing to reduced packing cost.Most of at present washing powder prepares by spray drying process, and the powder that this has caused producing relative low bulk density is usually less than 500g/l.Tap density changes according to the quantity and the type of the activated detergent that exists in spray-drying process.
Sodium alkylarysulfonate, for example linear alkylbenzene sulphonic acid (LAS) and sodium alkyl sulfate, for example primary alconol or sodium alkyl sulfate (PAS) especially tend to prepare the lightweight powder.
It is found that, if be sprayed at the part activated detergent on the spray-dired powder rather than before spraying drying, add the powder that can obtain high bulk density in the detergent paste.Yet in order to be suitable for being sprayed in the powder, activated detergent (tensio-active agent) must be abundant mobile being lower than under about 80 ℃ temperature, with effective atomizing, and must be stable under this sprayable liquid form.
GB1579261 (Colgate-Palmolive Co.) relates to by tensio-active agent being sprayed at the method that spray-dired lotion-aid particle surface is converted into various liquid or liquable washing composition detergent powder.Specification sheets has related to normally liquid or liquable synthetic detergent, for example nonionic, negatively charged ion and cats product and their mixture.Yet the mixture of moisture negatively charged ion and nonionogenic tenside is the jelly of viscosity normally, and they only become and be enough under the mobile temperature being heated to it, usually about 90 ℃ the time, and just can be on granule adsorbent by overspray.Being heated to this temperature is seriously disadvantageous in the practice of factory.
EP88612A (Brigemace) discloses the mobile washing composition that contains no more than 8% water and be no less than 90% activated detergent that comprises anion surfactant, nonionic polyoxyalkylene and Oleum Cocois or list or diglycollic amide.In order to obtain abundant flowing fluid product, need the third component of some amount.
British patent specification 1169594 (Unilever) discloses the liquid detergent composition that contains alkyl benzene sulphonate (ABS) ammonium and nonionic detergent.Composition is by preparing the mixture of ammonia by alkyl benzene sulphonate (ABS) and nonionic detergent.
People's such as people's such as Fernley US4052342 and Rossall US4235752 discloses the mixture of secondary alkyl sulfate and alcohol ethoxy vitriol.
US4862632 and 4923636 people such as () Blackburn and US5075041 (E.F.Lutz) relate to the composition of the tensio-active agent that preparation selects.
The present invention has advised the ceitical region in above-mentioned Blackburn patent, and Blackburn is open fire and LAS (C for example
10-13) mol ratio is 4.1-2.7.Main difference of the present invention is specific (lower) water-content that obtains having low water and anion surfactant mol ratio, to obtain fabulous chemical stability.
The patent disclosure of above-mentioned Lutz contain the secondary alkyl sulfate of high density and the mixture of nonionogenic tenside by olefin production approach preparation.Final product is considered to not have basically water, and Lutz does not discuss the improvement of chemical stability.
Do not have the high reactivity mixture (HAM ' s) of water to compare fully and have higher viscosity usually with HAM ' s with ultralow (1-5%) water.The present invention obtains a kind of water-content, is suitable for keeping higher stability and than low viscosity, to guarantee having suitable phase in surfactant composition.
In the presence of nonionogenic tenside, in the negatively charged ion of the acidic precursor preparation by the above-mentioned anion surfactant that for example neutralizes and the high reactivity mixture of nonionogenic tenside, the trend that in storage process, has degraded for mixture, for pH, the trend that exists the oxytropism side to shift is not if proofread and correct, under the situation of PAS, can cause anion surfactant to be dissociated into pure and mild acid, and/or the oxidation of nonionogenic tenside.This degradation process depends on the amount of the water of the existence relevant with the quantity of anion surfactant, also depends on the relative quantity and the initial pH of anion surfactant and nonionogenic tenside in mixture.The ratio of the reduction of suitable water and negatively charged ion and nonionogenic tenside produces significantly different phase transformation in HAM.
The microstructure of the selection composition of research negatively charged ion and nonionic HAM is to define under the condition that is beneficial to stability whether have specific phase structure.
The microstructure of PAS HAMs is studied with freezing section TEM (FFTEM) and small angle X ray scattering (SAXS).
FFTEM and SAXS technology are known in the prior art, in following document, fully describe: 1.Bellare, J.R., Davis H.T., Sciven L.E. and Talmon Y., " the environment vitrification system of control: a kind of sample preparation technology of improvement ", J.Elec.Micros.Tech., 10:87-111,1988.2.Rash, J.E. and Hudson, C.S., freezing section: method, artifact and explanation.New York: RavenPress, 1979.3.Cabane, B., " small-angle scattering method ", surfactant soln: the novel method of research, Ch2, New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1987.
We find now, if reducing the contain LAS and/or PAS and nonionic ratio that select is negatively charged ion: nonionic 1: 4-2: the water-content of 1 high reactivity anionic/nonionic mixture, make the molar ratio of water and anion surfactant be lower than about 2.3, preferably be lower than about 2.0, suitably at least about 0.05.This has stoped degraded and pH to shift basically.
Title at Phillip Kyle Vinson is that the phasor of complexed surfactant liquid is handled fully in the authoritative paper of " the cryotronics measurement microscope art of microstructure in complex liquid ".High reactivity mixture with laminate structure has and the big relevant higher water activity of d spacing being found.This d spacing depends on the amount and the temperature of the water of existence.Available water is few more, and the chance of the complex-catalyzed decomposition of nonionic is few more.Another result who reduces water is the phase transformation from stratiform to reversed micelle, thereby water is captured in micelle core, and further reduces the chance of the complex-catalyzed decomposition of nonionic.
The invention provides the liquid detergent composition 15 ℃-80 ℃ temperature current downflow, it mainly is made up of following component:
(a) quantity is no more than by weight 60% the sodium that is selected from primary alcohol sulfate, and/or alkylbenzene sulfonate and the anion surfactant of sylvite,
(b) quantity is no more than 80% ethoxylated non-ionic surface active agent by weight,
(c) quantity is the water of the equal amount of about 0.2-8% by weight,
Wherein the weight ratio of anion surfactant and nonionogenic tenside is 1: 4-2: 1, preferred 1: 4-1: 1 water and anionic mol ratio are about 0.05-2.3, preferred 0.05-2.0.
If water-content is too low, it is too high that viscosity becomes.The present invention also provide by reducing water content to the mol ratio of water and anion surfactant less than about 2.3, preferably less than about 2.0 to stablize the method for selected negatively charged ion and nonionic ratio HAMs, desired ratio is at least 0.05, preferred 0.05-20.
When anion surfactant was PAS, preferably the mol ratio of water and PAS was about 0.05 to 2.0, especially 0.05 to 10, and desired is 0.05 to 0.2.In this case, the suitable amount of hydration is by weight 0.2 to 7%, preferably to 5%.
When anion surfactant was LAS, preferably the mol ratio of water and LAS was about 0.1 to 2.3, preferred 0.4 to 2.0.In this case, the amount of water is 0.5-8% by weight.
The invention also discloses the method for preparing granular detergent composition or its component utilized, it is included in and sprays on 15 ℃ to 80 ℃ the inherent solid particulate sorbing material of temperature range wherein that the weight ratio of anion surfactant and nonionogenic tenside is 1: 4-2: 1, the mol ratio of water and anion surfactant is the fluxion surfactant composition of about 0.05-2.3, and described composition mainly is made up of following component:
(a) quantity is no more than by weight 60% the sodium that contains alkyl sulfate and/or primary alcohol sulfate, and the anion surfactant of sylvite,
(b) quantity is no more than 80% ethoxylated non-ionic surface active agent by weight,
(c) quantity is the water of about 0.2-8% by weight.
Primary alcohol sulfate ,/nonionogenic tenside/water (PAS/NI/ water) mixture and straight chained alkyl phenylsulfate/nonionogenic tenside/water (LAS/NI/ water) mixture are when high temperature storage, for example not chemically stable usually under 80 ℃, even be lower than at the water-content described in the above-mentioned Blackburn patent under 10% the situation.Further (negatively charged ion: the water-content of HAM NI) can increase the stability of HAM ' s significantly in storage process in 1: 1 of the present invention in reduction.The HAM system of such ultra-low water-content can be by using low water content alkaline neutralization reagent or behind preparation HAM, remove extra water and prepare.HAM ' the s preparation of the method described in the Blackburn patent suitably.Removal process can be removed other volatile constituent (improving smell) and can be improved the flow curve of HAM system.
Main advantage is to reduce water-content in the HAM system to selected level, and the HAM phase structure changes, and water is active to be reduced.
The PAS HAMs that great majority have 1: 2 anionic/nonionic tensio-active agent is single-phase: crooked layered liquid crystal.Exception is the PAS with 0.2wt% water and 22 ℃, and it forms unknown intermediate phase.
The phase structure of HAM changes, and water is active to be reduced.Have 1: 1 negatively charged ion: the LAS HAMs of nonionogenic tenside is layered liquid crystal phase (L-α) under non high temperature is stored.LAS HAMs with 1: 2 anionic/nonionic tensio-active agent is to be two equilibrium phases under 0.7-7% and 22 ℃ to 80 ℃ at water-content, the mixture of reversed micelle and flat layered liquid crystal.In addition, 80 ℃ store for a long time under LAS1: 2HAMs do not change their microstructure.When negatively charged ion: when the nonionogenic tenside ratio reduced, the volume fraction of expection reversed micelle increased.At LAS1: 1 to 1: there is the biphase equilibrium of reversed micelle and L-α liquid crystal in discovery from 21 ℃ to 80 ℃ among the 2HAMs.Can reasoning, when negatively charged ion: the nonionogenic tenside ratio dropped to 1: 4 and/or the volume fraction of water reversed micelle phase when reducing will rise.
Preferred compositions of the present invention contains 20-60% anion surfactant and 20-80% nonionogenic tenside and the least possible water, and keeps the rheology advantage of some water simultaneously.To the ratio of anion surfactant and nonionogenic tenside wherein is that 1: 4 to 2: 1 composition cherishes a special interest.
The water that exists can be from many sources, and the water that in fact adds 0.3-3% usually in LAS acid is to reduce degraded.When acid by alkali in and the time, produce water by neutralization reaction.Its quantity depends on the molecular weight of acid, because produce a mole of water by one mole of neutral acid.In addition, be used for antacid alkali metal hydroxide and add as 50% solution usually, this excessive water has constituted the most water in the mixture.
In addition, can have the sulfuric acid of a spot of about 0.5-3-0 in acid, every mole of neutral sulfuric acid produces two mole of water.When representing, contain " nature " water-content of the neutral HAM of LAS and/or PAS, for about 220 to 360 the C of molecular weight with the molar ratio of water and anion surfactant
8-C
18PAS acid (sodium salt 242 to 382) can be changed to 3.7 by about 3.4, for about 263 to 403 the C of molecular weight
8-C
18LAS acid (sodium salt 285 to 425) can be changed to 3.8 by about 3.6.
For 1: 2PAS: typical case's " nature " water that NI high reactivity mixture calculates and the water-content of reduction are shown in as in the following table 1.
" nature " that table 1 calculates and the water mole/ratio that reduces
| In and component | |
| Raw material | The % of total amount |
| Anionic acid | ????29.73 |
| Nonionogenic tenside | ????61.67 |
| Basic solution | ????8.60 |
| Reaction product-nature | ||
| The % of total amount | Mole/ratio/water/negatively charged ion | |
| PAS | ????30.83 | 3.5 the water/AN of nature |
| NI | ????61.67 | |
| Water | ?????6.24 | |
| Vitriol | ?????0.62 | |
| Free oil | ?????0.65 | |
| ????100.0 | ||
| Reaction product-water is reduced to 5% | ||
| PAS | ????32.82 | 0.1 reduce water/AN |
| NI | ????65.64 | |
| Water | ?????0.19 | |
| Vitriol | ?????0.66 | |
| Free oil | ?????0.69 | |
| ?????100.0 | ||
Be used for 1: 1LAS: typical case's " nature " water that NI high reactivity mixture calculates and the water-content of reduction are shown in as following table 2.
Table 2
The nature that calculates and the water mole/ratio of reduction
| In and component | |
| Raw material | The % of total amount |
| Anionic acid | ????43.82 |
| Nonionic acid | ????45.02 |
| Basic solution | ????11.16 |
| Reaction product-nature | ||
| The % of total amount | Mole/ratio/water/negatively charged ion | |
| PAS | ????45.02 | " 3.65 nature " water/AN |
| NI | ????45.02 | |
| Water | ?????8.32 | |
| Vitriol | ?????0.91 | |
| Free oil | ?????0.73 | |
| ????100.0 | ||
| Reaction product-water is reduced to 5% | ||
| LAS | ????46.65 | 2.12 reduce water/AN |
| NI | ????46.65 | |
| Water | ?????5.00 | |
| Vitriol | ?????0.94 | |
| Free oil | ?????0.76 | |
| ????100.0 | ||
Calculating in the table 1 and 2 is based on following analysis prerequisite: primary alcohol sulfate, anion surfactant component: raw material is PAS acid 96.4% activeconstituents 1.4% sulfuric acid, 2.2% free oil (Inert) the 0.0% water LAS anionic group of 290MW: raw material is LAS acid 96.4% activeconstituents 1.4% sulfuric acid, 1.7% free oil (Inert) the 0.5% water nonionic components of 333MW: suppose 100% active ingredient sodium hydroxide component: the basic solution of 40MW alkali 50wt%
Suppose that also PAS or LAS acid and sulfuric acid are complete neutral, do not have side reaction, the alkali of stoichiometric quantity is used for neutralization.
Nonionogenic tenside is ethoxylation or mixing oxyethyl group-propoxylation uncle or secondary fatty alcohol preferably.Ethoxylation primary alconol most preferably, especially every mol of alcohol is with the C of 2 to 25 moles of ethylene oxide ethoxylations
8-C
15Primary alconol.
Composition anion surfactant component of the present invention is the sodium salt or the sylvite of primary alconol or alkyl-sulphate and/or alkylbenzene sulfonate.Suitable alkyl-sulphate is C
12-C
15Alkyl-sulphate is though also can use other alkyl-sulphate and alkylsurfuric acid potassium outside this carbon chain lengths scope.Especially suitable alkyl sulfate comprises having C
10-C
14Those of alkyl chain.
The method for preparing liquid mixture of the present invention is important, the mobile isotropic liquid can not be obtained with the simple common 30% moisture neutral PAS slurry or 50%LAS slurry and liquid nonionic surfactants of mixing of required ratio, the high heavy-gravity jelly of operating and atomizing can only be obtained being difficult to.
According to first method, liquid nonionic surfactants can add in the anion surfactant slurry (neutralized salt) that has about by weight 50% activity substance content usually gradually.The viscous mixture that surpasses 10% water that contains that obtains optionally is heated to sufficiently high temperature subsequently and keeps the sufficiently long time under vacuum, make to drop to by vaporize water content to be lower than 10%.Under the situation of PAS, temperature must carefully be controlled to avoid decomposition.Obtain the liquid of transparent flow, when it is cooled to room temperature, keep transparent and mobile.This HAM further heating under vacuum with reduce water and the molar ratio of anion surfactant extremely common 2.3 or lower.
According to second method, the anion surfactant precursor acids can be mixed with nonionogenic tenside, mixture with spissated aqueous NaOH or potassium hydroxide treatment partially or completely to neutralize.Can prepare at 20 ℃-80 ℃ in this way is mixture liquid and contain the water of 3-10% by weight approximately according to the ratio of negatively charged ion and nonionogenic tenside.Mixture can further dewater to about 0.2%-8%, as long as the molar ratio of water and anion surfactant is 2.3 or lower.
When adopting alkyl benzene sulphonate (ABS), if desired, it can be in the part and form.
If composition of the present invention at room temperature enough flows and be stable, itself can be used as concentrated liquid detergent.They can be for example so or with dilute form as dish washing detergent or detergent for washing clothes.
Yet, major concern final product of the present invention, and be used to prepare the granulated detergent product on the absorbent particles substrate material by liquid mixture of the present invention is sprayed at.For this reason, composition of the present invention is still very strict to the restriction of stability, is less slightly strictness to the restriction of flowability, though in that they must be stable in 20 ℃-80 ℃ temperature range, also should be enough mobile, to be used for spraying.
The method for preparing particulate material is fully described in US4826632 and 4923636, and they classify this paper reference as.
In another approach, surfactant mixture of the present invention can be sprayed on the solid support material, and it mixes with other component essential, that need of final composition subsequently.Solid support material itself can be spray-dired: the example of the suitable adsorbent of spray-dired inorganic carrier material is as describing and claimed sodium carbonate/bicarbonate mixture in GB1595769; The sodium carbonate/sodium silicate mixture of in GB1595770, describing; With cherish a special interest as the single sodium carbonate hydrate of the crystalline growth modification described among the EP221776 and the Burkeite (yellow soda ash/sodium sulfate) of crystalline growth modification.Organic support material also is fit to, for example Citrate trianion, polymkeric substance or the like.
The single sodium carbonate hydrate of crystalline growth modification and Burkeit can contain yellow soda ash and optionally contain the crystalline growth properties-correcting agent of sodium sulfate based on the weight ratio at least 10% of the weight meter yellow soda ash of exsiccant powder and sodium sulfate, significant quantity and optionally contain one or more negatively charged ion and/or the nonionic detergent active compound, the aqueous slurry preparation of one or more detergent builder and/or one or more hot insensitive detergent components by spraying drying; Above-mentioned crystalline growth properties-correcting agent is the organic substance that contains at least three carboxyls in molecule, crystalline growth properties-correcting agent adds in the slurry earlier than yellow soda ash, thereby the Burkeite of the single sodium carbonate hydrate of crystalline growth modification and/or crystalline growth modification forms in slurry.
Crystalline growth properties-correcting agent is the multi-carboxylate who describes in US4826632 and 4923636.
If desired, any two or more crystalline growth properties-correcting agent can be used in the present composition.
Usually, the use of spray-dired absorber material is suitable for preparing the tap density detergent powder interior from low (300g/l) to quite high (800g/l) scope.
Except above-mentioned because character of the present invention and the material that must exist, many other materials also can be present in the composition of the inventive method preparation.Though some above-mentioned absorber material can be the material with detergent builder effect, but also can by preparation with spray-dired any crutcher slurry in add or, in composition, add detergent builder by it being added composition by the spraying drying preparation.The example of this detergent builder is tripoly-, Jiao-or sodium orthophosphates, sodium silicoaluminate, comprises zeolite, yellow soda ash, Trisodium Citrate and various organic detergent auxiliary agent, for example, and sodium nitrilo triacetate and 2,2 '-oxo disuccinic acid sodium.Usually the amount of detergent builder is the 15-50% of final product by weight, more commonly used is 25-40% by weight.
Detergent powder of the present invention can contain by slurry (if sorbent material is spray-dired powder) or according to their known character other conventional component by simple mixing adding.This class component comprises enzyme, white dyes, anti-deposition agent, SYNTHETIC OPTICAL WHITNER, the agent of the quiet property of bleaching, bleaching stibilizer, froth suppressor, dyestuff and spices.
Embodiment
Further specify the present invention with following non-restrictive example, except as otherwise noted, herein with appending claims in all umbers and ratio all by weight.Embodiment 1
With " nature " water-content (3.4-3.7 water/anion surfactant mol ratio) and the various PAS/NI HAM ' s of about 11 preparations of initial pH.In the presence of nonionogenic tenside, acid prepares various LAS/NI HAM ' s with LAS in " nature " water-content (3.5-3.8 water/anion surfactant mol ratio) passes through.In all experiments, material is separated: a keep " nature ", other put into 40 ℃ of vacuum drying ovens with reduction moisture.Regularly measure the moisture content in the vacuum drying oven.Having the moisture content (a) and (b) of three kinds of reductions and (c), is minimum (c), and (a) is the highest moisture content.
The sample of every kind " nature " and " reduction " is divided into five bottles, puts into 80 ℃ of baking ovens, analyzes in 0,1,2,4 and 8 weeks.Temperature is used for the accelerated test result, although in fact use obviously low storage temperature, especially for PAS.Because HAM ' s may not be a physically stable, all samples are thorough mixing before analyzing, and analyzes to comprise pH (10% solution) and moisture content (KarlFischer).PAS is the sour neutral primary alkyl sulphates of the usefulness of molecular-weight average 290, and the molecular-weight average of LAS is 333.NI is the C12-15 primary alconol with average 7 moles of ethylene oxide ethoxylations.Logging is in table 3 and 4.
Table 3
Table 4
*These results are initial measuring results, rather than mean value.
| Water/anionic agent mol ratio | PH (10% solution) ± 0.2 | |||||||
| Sample anionic agent/nonionics | Moisture KF% | 0 week | 0 week | 1 week | 2 weeks | 3 weeks | 4 weeks | |
| 1∶2 | Nature | 74.5 | ?4.24 | ?11.5 | ?10.25 | ?1.84 | ??- | ??- |
| (a) | 5.70 | ?2.51 | ?11.8 | ?2 | ?- | ??- | ??- | |
| (b) | 4.55 | ?3.18 | ?11.4 | ?10 | ?1.9 | ??- | ??- | |
| (c) | 0.19 | ?0.19 | ?10.8 | ?10.3 | ?10.1 | ?9.9 | ?2.5 | |
| Water/anionic agent mol ratio | PH (10% solution) ± 0.2 | ????????ΔpH | ||||||
| Sample anionic agent/nonionics | 0 week of moisture KF% | On average | 0 week | 4 weeks | 8 weeks | 0-4 week | 0-8 week | |
| ??4∶1 | Nature (a) is (c) (b) | ??13.43 ??10.77 ???9.60 ???0.75 | ??2.97 ??2.38 ??1.67 ??0.19 * | ??10.6 ??11.3 ??11.1 ??10.8 | ???9.9 ???10.0 ???10.1 ???10.15 | ??10.2 ??10.4 ??10.5 | ???-0.7 ???-1.3 ???-1.0 ???-0.7 | ???-0.4 ???-0.9 ???-0.6 ?????- |
| ??2∶1 | Nature (a) (b) | ???13.1 ???11.5 ????9.3 | ??3.83 ??3.36 ??2.51 | ??12.1 ??12 ??12 | ???11.3 ???11.4 ???11.7 | ??10.9 ??10.8 ??11.2 | ???-0.6 ???-0.6 ???-0.3 | ???-1.2 ???-1.2 ???-0.8 |
| ??1∶1 | The nature (1) (b) (c) nature (2) (a) | ????8.8 ????8.1 ????6.5 ??????8 ??????5 | ??2.95 ??1.94 ??1.72 ??3.49 *??2.12 * | ??12 ??11.9 ??11.5 ??9.9 ??10.1 | ???10.1 ???10.3 ???10.5 ????- ????- | ???9.9 ??10.5 ??10.0 ???5.8 ???9.0 | ???-1.9 ???-1.6 ???-1.0 ?????- ?????- | ???-2.1 ???-1.4 ???-1.5 ???-4.1 ???-1.1 |
| ??1∶2 | Nature (a) (b) | ????7.0 ????0.8 ????0.7 | ??3.66 ??0.50 ??0.43 | ??11.6 ??11.6 ??11.6 | ???9.7 ???11.2 ???11.2 | ???8.6 ??10.1 ??11.1 | ???-1.9 ???-0.4 ???-0.3 | ???-2.8 ???-1.5 ???-0.4 |
| ??1∶4 | Nature (a) is (c) (b) | ????4.2 ????4.1 ????4.2 ????0.4 | ??3.24 ??3.23 ??3.48 ??0.40 * | ??11.6 ??11.1 ??11.5 ??10.6 | ???9.9 ???10.0 ???9.6 ???9.1 | ???9.4 ???9.4 ???9.3 ????- | ???-1.9 ???-1.1 ???-1.9 ????1.5 | ???-2.4 ???-1.7 ???-2.2 ????- |
It is unstable that Δ pH value surpasses 2 expressions in LAS/NI HAMs.As can be seen, lower water: the anion surfactant ratio provides the stability of improvement.
Research previous from prior art is known, itself is that unsettled " nature " water-content PAS and LAS HAM instability show the feature that pH shifts downwards in 50-85 ℃ of storage process.At high temperature PAS HAMs only can stablize several days.Be lower than 7 if pH drops to, decomposition is autocatalytic, and PAS resolves into pure and mild acid rapidly, thereby can not be used as tensio-active agent.PH shifts and also occurs under the low storage temperature, though very slow.LAS HAMs shows the downward transfer of pH, the degree of about pH4-5 usually.
Because sample plasma bottle blow-by in an embodiment raises to avoid pressure, baking oven humidity is not controlled, and sample dries out in research process.
Table 3 has only comprised initial PAS HAM moisture value and water/anion surfactant molar ratio, because all PAS HAMs decompose before finishing the research of 8 weeks.PAS HAM water/anion surfactant ratio is an initial value, because PAS (no nonionogenic tenside) has limited stability, PAS HAMs is more unstable than LAS HAMs.80 ℃ of storages are strict tests, and it provides under lower (more real storage) temperature, for example is lower than the trend of 60 ℃ of uses.Shock absorption has only been improved stability a little; Yet,, reduce water/anion surfactant mol ratio to 0.09 at 80 ℃ and obviously improved stability for 1: 2 (Lial 125) PAS/Neodol 25-7HAM.
Table 4 has comprised initial and average PAS HAM moisture value and water/anion surfactant molar ratio, unexpectedly, has not improved stability significantly having to reduce moisture content under the buffered situation slightly.As LAS: nonionogenic tenside is than descending and when the initial pH decline, the improvement effect is the most obvious.
Other advantage is that the HAM smell obviously improves, and this is owing to removed other volatile matter in moisture reduction process.For example, by with 1: 2LAS HAM water/anion surfactant mol ratio is reduced to about 1.7 by its " nature " value 3.4, measure a smell and be improved to " 2 " from " 3 " from a five-range estimation scale.Embodiment 2
By inciting somebody to action 5 parts of nonionogenic tenside (C by weight
12-15Alcohol 7EO) with 162/3 part of moisture (C by weight
12-C
14) PAS slurry (30% active substance) mixing, heat resulting mixture in a vacuum until losing the fluxion that about by weight 16 parts of water preparation is applicable to sprinkling.The mol ratio that the fluxion that obtains contains (by weight) 5% water, water and anion surfactant is about 1.9,47% primary alkyl sulphates and 47% nonionogenic tenside.
By using 10 parts of moisture (C by weight
10-C
12) sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate slurry (50% active substance) replaces the PAS pulp preparation to contain the mixture of LAS.Heat resulting mixture in a vacuum until losing about 4.5 parts of water to obtain containing the stable fluxion of 5% water of having an appointment.Embodiment 3
The moisture crutcher slurry spraying drying in Countercurrent Spray Dryer that contains by weight 46% water becomes the basic powder of tap density 710g/l, moisture content 15.8%.The prescription of the powder of preparation is as follows:
| Umber by weight | |
| C12-C15 alcohol 7EO ethoxylate | 3.0 |
| Tripoly phosphate sodium STPP | 23.0 |
| Yellow soda ash | 5.0 |
| Water glass | 6.0 |
| Water and a small amount of component | 10.0 |
By mixing 3.8 parts of C
12-18PAS acid and 6 parts of C
12-15Primary alconol 7EO ethoxylate and prepare the flowing mixture of negatively charged ion of the present invention and nonionogenic tenside with the sodium hydroxide solution neutralizing acid of 100 ° of TW.Mixture heats in a vacuum until water-content subsequently and drops to about 3%.The mol ratio of water and anion surfactant is about 1.4.Then mixture is sprayed on the powder.
With weight ratio is that 1: 3: 1 the single stearyl-sodium phosphate and the liquid mixture of Vaseline are sprayed on the powder with 0.8 part of ratio to 63 parts.
At last, dosage adds heat sensitive components in powder according to conventional methods, and for example oxygen bleaching agent, spices and enzyme are to obtain having the final powder of following component:
| Umber by weight | |
| C 12-18PAS sodium | 4.0 |
| C 12-15Primary alcohol ethoxylate 7EO | 9.0 |
| Tripoly phosphate sodium STPP | 23.0 |
| Yellow soda ash | 5.0 |
| Water glass | 6.0 |
| Sodium sulfate | 26.9 |
| Sodium peroxoborate | 12.0 |
| Xylo-Mucine | 0.9 |
| The stearyl-sodium phosphate | 0.2 |
| Vaseline | 0.6 |
| Enzyme | 0.4 |
| Ether of cellulose antiredeposition auxiliary agent | 0.3 |
| Water, spices and small number of groups balance-dividing are extremely | 100.00 |
The final powder of preparation has the tap density of about 800g/l.
With wherein LAS is sour with 50% sodium hydroxide neutral C
10-15/ LAS C
12-14The 7EO nonionogenic tenside replaces heating the PAS/NI mixture in a vacuum, and obtaining water and anion surfactant molar ratio is about 1.6.Except replacing the PAS with LAS, the powder that obtains has component as listed above.Embodiment 4
Water with the change amount before 80 ℃ of 8 weeks of storage is measured 1: 2 negatively charged ion by FFTEM and SAXS: the microstructure of nonionic PASHAMs.Measure microstructure at 21 ℃ and 80 ℃.The sample vitrifying chamber quick freezing that controls environment of design such as the people that is similar to above-mentioned Bellare that is used for FFTEM.Make above-mentioned chamber keep the equilibrium water content of sample by maintenance saturated humidity environment under fixed temperature before the quick freezing.
In room temperature and 80 ℃ of following SAXS data that are sealed in the sample in the pipe that write down.Yet, only write down 1: the SAXS data of 2HAMs.
PAS1: 2. the SAXS spectrum of (0.2wt% water) PAS1: the 2HAMs that reduces at 21 ℃ of water during with 80 ℃ shows at 0.2wt% water and 22 ℃ of following PAS1: 2 may be liquid crystal and compound many L2 mixture mutually; 7.8,5.2,3.9 and 3.4nm produce the peak.In contrast, ascending temperature to 80 ℃ shown in the spike of 3.5nm, causes changing into L-α (stratiform) phase.There is not tangible micella peak.
6.4% water by weight, do not have 1 of high temperature storage: the SAXS of 2PAS HAMs is presented at 21 ℃ of SAXS data with 80 ℃ with FFTEM result and all shows pure L-α mutually, compares with 21 ℃, in the expansion of 80 ℃ of 0.1nm that have an appointment.We believe that the reason of loss stability is that the expansion of the increase of water under higher temperature has increased the water activity, causes the hydrolysis of nonionic title complex and PAS.The nonionic title complex can provide the katalysis of PAS hydrolysis.FFTEM shows crooked stratiform (L-α) liquid crystal.In addition, do not observe the micella zone.
The above results represents that the PASHAMs that the great majority of being tested have 1: 2 anionic/nonionic tensio-active agent is single-phase: crooked stratiform (L-α phase) liquid crystal.Exception is the PAS that contains 0.2wt% water and 22 ℃, and it forms the unknown intermediate phase that replaces L-α phase.
When negatively charged ion: the nonionogenic tenside ratio is 1: 2-1: in the time of 4, they are considered to have the L-α liquid crystal of the reversed micelle function of increase.
Embodiment 5
Repeat the method for embodiment 4, before 80 ℃ of 8 weeks of storage and afterwards, measure 1: 1 and 1: 2 negatively charged ion by FFTEM and SAXS method at 21 ℃ and 80 ℃: the microstructure of nonionic LASHAMs with the water of change amount.
LAS1: 1. store at room temperature that a week back detects have respectively 0.7,0.6 with the LAS1 of 7.8wt% water: 1HAMs shows in all three samples it mainly is layered liquid crystal (L-α is mutually) at 21 ℃ FFTEM microgram, but when water adds fashionablely, the three-dimensional degree of successive layers increases.The average three-dimensional degree of layer is to 0.7% for about 200nm, for 6.0% being 1 micron, is several microns for 7.8%.LAS1: 2. (a) detects LAS1: 2HAMs with FFTEM and SAXS method at 22 ℃ and 80 ℃.The FFTEM of low water content sample when not being recorded in 80 ℃ because before quick freezing, is difficult to keep the balance hydration levels at 80 ℃.(b) 80 ℃ stored for 8 weeks after, by the LAS1 that reduces water: 2HAMs obtains SAXS and FFTEM result.Contain 0.72wt% water at 21 ℃ of LAS1 with 80 ℃: 2 SAXS spectrum all shows and reversed micelle (L1) equilibrated L-α phase mutually.Ascending temperature to 80 ℃, the micella spacing is compressed to 2.9nm by 3.2.The SAXS of same sample is identical before storing for 8 weeks.(c) the FFTEM microgram show L-α be suspended in mutually reversed micelle mutually in.(d) after 80 ℃ of 8 weeks of storage, all LAS1: 2HAMs shows not changing mutually of existing at 22 ℃ of SAXS with 80 ℃.(e) contain the LAS1 of 7.0wt% water: the 2 SAXS spectrum 21 ℃ and 80 ℃ show that sharp L-α peak is by the 3.6nm that is transferred at 21 ℃ 3.5nm at 80 ℃.Equally, almost do not see wide micella peak, and be tangible at 80 ℃ of micella peaks at 21 ℃.(f) at 80 ℃ of LAS1 during with 5.6wt% water: the microgram of 2 FFTEM show L-α sheet part by reversed micelle mutually L1 surround.
According to The above results, obviously have 1: 1 negatively charged ion: the LAS HAMs that does not have high temperature storage of nonionogenic tenside is pure layered liquid crystal phase (L-α).We believe, because the same cause described in the embodiment 4 has been lost stability.
Have 1: 2 negatively charged ion: the LAS HAMs of nonionogenic tenside is two equilibrium phases, the mixture of reversed micelle and flat layered liquid crystal.This is by 0.7-7.0wt% water with by 22-80 ℃ of mensuration.When water minimizing and temperature increase, mixture becomes less stratiform and more reversed micelle.Estimate when negatively charged ion: when the nonionogenic tenside ratio reduced, the volume fraction of reversed micelle increased.
Claims (12)
1. high active detergent composition, it mainly is made up of following component:
Contain 0.2% to 8% water and the about 93% anionic/nonionic detergent mixture to about 98% surfactant mixture, it has about 1: 4 to about 2: 1 negatively charged ion and nonionic ratio, and described anion surfactant is C
8-18Uncle's linear alkyl vitriol and/or C
8-18Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, described nonionogenic tenside are the C that contains 1-12 ethylene oxide unit
8-20Primary alcohol ethoxylate, above-mentioned composition have water and the anion surfactant ratio less than 2.3, are at least 2 weeks in 80 ℃ of following package stability-chemistry/pH stability.
2. aqueous liquid detergent compositions 20 ℃-80 ℃ temperature current downflow, it is characterized in that composition mainly is made up of following component:
(a) quantity is about 20% to 60% the sodium salt that is selected from primary alkyl sulphates or the sodium of sylvite and linear alkylbenzene sulfonate and the anion surfactant of sylvite by weight,
(b) quantity is about by weight ethoxylated non-ionic surface active agent of 20% to 80%,
(c) quantity is the water of about 0.2-8% by weight,
Wherein above-mentioned composition has less than 2.3 the water and the mol ratio of anion surfactant.
3. the composition of claim 2, wherein component (a) is about 1: 4 to about 2: 1 with the weight ratio of component (b).
4. be 0.2% to 7% composition according to the water-content of above-mentioned arbitrary claim, wherein anion surfactant is mainly by C
8-18Uncle's straight-chain alkyl sulfate is formed, and water and anion surfactant ratio are less than 2.0, and composition has the phase structure 20 ℃ of-80 ℃ of variations.
5. the composition of claim 4, wherein above-mentioned negatively charged ion and nonionogenic tenside ratio are about 1: 2, above-mentioned phase structure is the intermediate phase that has the SAXS peak at 3-10nm.
6. according to the composition of claim 4, wherein above-mentioned negatively charged ion and nonionogenic tenside ratio are about 1: 4, at 20 ℃-80 ℃, above-mentioned phase structure is reversed micelle basically, the product of claim 1, wherein water and anion surfactant mol ratio reduce through vacuum-evaporation, thereby have improved the smell of product.
7. requiring the water-content of one of 1-3 according to aforesaid right is 0.5% to 8% composition, and wherein anion surfactant is mainly by C
8-18Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate is formed, its 80 ℃ have the package stability-chemical pH stability at least 6 weeks and optionally nonionogenic tenside have the pH of about 5-7.
8. the composition of claim 7, wherein above-mentioned negatively charged ion and nonionogenic tenside ratio are about 1: 1, above-mentioned phase structure mainly is crooked layered liquid crystal.
9. according to the composition of claim 7, wherein above-mentioned negatively charged ion and nonionogenic tenside ratio are about 1: 4, and above-mentioned phase structure all is reversed micelle basically.
10. according to the composition of claim 7, wherein above-mentioned negatively charged ion and nonionogenic tenside ratio are about 1: 2, and above-mentioned phase structure is made up of flat layered liquid crystal and reversed micelle.
11. prepare the method for granular detergent composition or its component utilized, it is included in and sprays on 15 ℃ to 80 ℃ the inherent solid particulate sorbing material of temperature range wherein that the weight ratio of anion surfactant and nonionogenic tenside is 1: 4-2: 1, the mol ratio of water and anion surfactant is the fluxion surfactant composition of about 0.05-2.3, and said composition mainly is made up of following component:
(a) quantity is no more than 60% the sodium that contains alkyl sulfate or the sodium of sylvite and/or primary alcohol sulfate, or the anion surfactant of sylvite by weight,
(b) quantity is no more than 80% ethoxylated non-ionic surface active agent by weight,
(c) quantity is the water of about 0.2-8% by weight.
12. the washing composition product that obtains by the method for claim 11.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US36208494A | 1994-12-22 | 1994-12-22 | |
| US36207594A | 1994-12-22 | 1994-12-22 | |
| US08/362,075 | 1994-12-22 | ||
| US08/362,084 | 1994-12-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1175276A true CN1175276A (en) | 1998-03-04 |
Family
ID=27001550
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95197609 Pending CN1175276A (en) | 1994-12-22 | 1995-11-22 | Detergent composition |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0799295A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1175276A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR000401A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4300096A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9510098A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2208038C (en) |
| TW (1) | TW382025B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996019556A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102864033A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2013-01-09 | 南通华豪巨电子科技有限公司 | Skin-protecting and heavy-duty detergent powder |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI454571B (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2014-10-01 | China Steel Corp | Alkaline detergent composition |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2116994B (en) * | 1982-03-06 | 1985-10-30 | Bridgemace Limited | Detergent |
| GB8625104D0 (en) * | 1986-10-20 | 1986-11-26 | Unilever Plc | Detergent compositions |
| GB8927362D0 (en) * | 1989-12-04 | 1990-01-31 | Unilever Plc | Process for manufacturing a granular detergent composition |
| GB9125035D0 (en) * | 1991-11-26 | 1992-01-22 | Unilever Plc | Detergent compositions and process for preparing them |
-
1995
- 1995-11-22 BR BR9510098A patent/BR9510098A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-11-22 EP EP95941626A patent/EP0799295A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-11-22 AU AU43000/96A patent/AU4300096A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-11-22 CN CN 95197609 patent/CN1175276A/en active Pending
- 1995-11-22 WO PCT/EP1995/004639 patent/WO1996019556A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-11-22 CA CA002208038A patent/CA2208038C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-12-20 AR AR33471695A patent/AR000401A1/en unknown
- 1995-12-20 TW TW84113654A patent/TW382025B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102864033A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2013-01-09 | 南通华豪巨电子科技有限公司 | Skin-protecting and heavy-duty detergent powder |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU4300096A (en) | 1996-07-10 |
| CA2208038C (en) | 2004-01-27 |
| CA2208038A1 (en) | 1996-06-27 |
| TW382025B (en) | 2000-02-11 |
| EP0799295A1 (en) | 1997-10-08 |
| WO1996019556A1 (en) | 1996-06-27 |
| AR000401A1 (en) | 1997-06-18 |
| BR9510098A (en) | 1998-07-14 |
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