CN117525846A

CN117525846A - Electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN117525846A
Application number: CN202311780964.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张云帆
Original assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2023-12-21
Filing date: 2023-12-21
Publication date: 2024-02-06

Abstract

According to the electronic device, at least part of the first radiator is arranged at the bottom edge, the first radiator comprises the first grounding end, the first feed point and the first free end, the second radiator comprises the first tail end and the second tail end, the first tail end is coupled with the first free end of the first radiator through an electric field, the second tail end is grounded, one end of the first capacitive tuning circuit is electrically connected with the first tail end, and the other end of the first capacitive tuning circuit is grounded; the first signal source is used for exciting the first radiator to form a first resonance mode supporting a first frequency band, and exciting the second radiator and the first capacitive tuning circuit to form a ring mode supporting a second frequency band; the third end of the third radiator is positioned close to one side of the first radiator, the second signal source is configured to be electrically connected with the third end and used for exciting the third radiator to form a second resonance mode supporting a medium-high frequency band, and the low-frequency antenna and the medium-high frequency antenna are simultaneously designed on the limited bottom edge.

Description

Electronic equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to electronic equipment.

Background

Along with the complexity of the application scene of the handheld electronic device, how to design an antenna structure in a limited space, so that the handheld electronic device has better application in low-frequency band communication and medium-high frequency communication.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides electronic equipment, wherein an antenna structure is designed in a limited space, so that low-frequency band communication and medium-high frequency communication are both well applied.

The electronic device comprises a frame and an antenna assembly, wherein the frame comprises a bottom edge; the antenna assembly includes:

the antenna comprises a first antenna unit, a second antenna unit, a first signal source and a first capacitive tuning circuit, wherein at least part of the first radiator is arranged on the bottom edge, at least part of the second radiator is arranged on the bottom edge, the first radiator comprises a first grounding end, a first feed point and a first free end, the second radiator comprises a first tail end and a second tail end, the first tail end is coupled with the first free end of the first radiator through an electric field, the second tail end is grounded, one end of the first capacitive tuning circuit is electrically connected with the first tail end, and the other end of the first capacitive tuning circuit is grounded; the first signal source is electrically connected with the first feed point and is used for exciting the first radiator to form a first resonance mode supporting a first frequency band, and exciting the second radiator and the first capacitive tuning circuit to form a ring mode supporting a second frequency band, wherein the first frequency band and the second frequency band are both low-frequency bands; and

The second antenna unit comprises a third radiator and a second signal source, the third radiator is arranged adjacent to the second radiator, the third radiator is at least partially arranged at the bottom edge, the third radiator comprises a third tail end and a fourth tail end, the third tail end is located at one side close to the first radiator, and the second signal source is configured to be electrically connected with the third tail end and used for exciting the third radiator to form a second resonance mode supporting a medium-high frequency band.

According to the electronic equipment, the first antenna unit comprises the first radiator, the second radiator, the first signal source and the first capacitive tuning circuit, at least part of the first radiator is arranged on the bottom edge, at least part of the second radiator is arranged on the bottom edge, the first radiator comprises the first grounding end, the first feed point and the first free end, the second radiator comprises the first tail end and the second tail end, the first tail end is coupled with the first free end of the first radiator through an electric field, the second tail end is grounded, one end of the first capacitive tuning circuit is electrically connected with the first tail end, and the other end of the first capacitive tuning circuit is grounded; the first signal source is electrically connected with the first feed point and is used for exciting the first radiator to form a first resonance mode supporting a first frequency band, exciting the second radiator and the first capacitive tuning circuit to form a ring mode supporting a second frequency band, and the first frequency band is a low-frequency band; the second antenna unit comprises a third radiator and a second signal source, the third radiator is arranged adjacent to the second radiator, the third radiator is at least partially arranged at the bottom edge, the third radiator comprises a third tail end and a fourth tail end, the third tail end is positioned at one side close to the first radiator, the second signal source is configured to be electrically connected with the third tail end and used for exciting the third radiator to form a second resonance mode supporting a medium-high frequency band, so that a low-frequency antenna and a medium-high frequency antenna are simultaneously designed at the limited bottom edge, and the low-frequency antenna and the medium-high frequency antenna have better efficiency.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a partially exploded schematic illustration of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first antenna unit according to a first embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first antenna unit according to a third embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a current distribution of a first resonant mode in the antenna assembly provided in fig. 4;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a current distribution of a first resonant mode in the antenna assembly provided in FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the loop pattern in the antenna assembly provided in FIG. 4;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the loop pattern in the antenna assembly provided in FIG. 5;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a third radiator according to the first embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a third radiator according to a second embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the E-H mode current distribution provided by the first embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 13 is an S-parameter curve of the antenna assembly provided in the first embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is an efficiency curve of an antenna assembly provided in a first embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a second antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application further including a first switch switching circuit;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present application, further including a first switch tuning circuit, a second switch tuning circuit, and a first capacitive tuning circuit;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a second antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application further including a second capacitive tuning circuit;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a second capacitive tuning circuit according to an embodiment of the present application, including a fourth switching unit and a plurality of fourth impedance tuning branches;

fig. 19 is an S-parameter curve of an antenna assembly according to a second embodiment of the present application;

fig. 20 is an efficiency curve of an antenna assembly provided in a second embodiment of the present application;

fig. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly according to a third embodiment of the present application;

fig. 22 is an S-parameter curve of an antenna assembly according to a third embodiment of the present application;

fig. 23 is an efficiency curve of an antenna assembly provided in a third embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present application further including a second switch switching circuit;

fig. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 26a is a left hand holding scene diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application as a bar phone;

fig. 26b is a right hand holding scene diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application as a bar phone;

fig. 27a is a view of a right hand holding scenario with the electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present application with a folding mobile phone and a rotating shaft on top;

fig. 27b is a left hand holding scene diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application for folding a mobile phone with a rotating shaft on top;

fig. 28 is a schematic structural view of a distance between the first grounding end and the bottom edge of about 50mm according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 29 is a schematic structural view of a distance between the first grounding end and the bottom edge of about 20mm according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals illustrate:

an electronic device 1000; an antenna assembly 100; a display screen 200; a middle frame 300; a rear cover 400; a middle plate 310; a frame 320; a top edge 321; a bottom edge 322; a first side 323; a second side 324; a reference floor 500; a first antenna unit 110; a second antenna unit 120; a first radiator 11; a second radiator 12; a first signal source 21; a first capacitive tuning circuit 31; a first ground terminal A1; a first feeding point B1; a first free end F1; a first end D1; a second end D2; a first matching circuit M1; a third radiator 13; a second signal source 22; a third end D3; a fourth end D4; a second matching circuit M2; a first coupling slit N1; a first capacitive element C1; an inductance element L1; a first switch switching circuit E1; a first switch tuning circuit T1; a first switching unit K1; a first impedance tuning branch R1; a second switch tuning circuit T2; a second switching unit K2; a second impedance tuning branch R2; a third switching unit K3; a capacitive element C0; a second capacitive tuning circuit 32; a third coupling slit N3; a second switch switching circuit E2; the first body 1100; a second body 1200; a fourth radiator 14; a third signal source 23; a second free end F2; a second feeding point B2; a second ground terminal A2; and a second capacitive element C2.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is apparent that the embodiments described herein are only some embodiments, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments provided herein without any inventive effort, are within the scope of the present application.

Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate explicitly and implicitly that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application and in the above-described figures, are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular sequential order. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example: an assembly or device incorporating one or more components is not limited to the listed one or more components, but may alternatively include one or more components not listed but inherent to the illustrated product, or one or more components that may be provided based on the illustrated functionality.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 1000 includes, but is not limited to, a device having a communication function such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, notebook computer, wearable device, unmanned aerial vehicle, robot, digital camera, etc. In the embodiment of the present application, a mobile phone is taken as an example for illustration, and other electronic devices may refer to the embodiment.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a partially exploded schematic illustration of an electronic device 1000. The electronic device 1000 includes an antenna assembly 100, and the operating environment of the antenna assembly 100 is illustrated by taking the electronic device 1000 as a mobile phone. The electronic apparatus 1000 includes a display screen 200, a center 300, and a rear cover 400, which are sequentially disposed in the thickness direction. The middle frame 300 includes a middle plate 310 and a frame 320 surrounding the middle plate 310. Bezel 320 may be a conductive bezel. Of course, in other embodiments, the electronic device 1000 may not have the midplane 310. The display screen 200, the middle plate 310 and the rear cover 400 are sequentially stacked, and an accommodating space is formed between the display screen 200 and the middle plate 310 and between the middle plate 310 and the rear cover 400 to accommodate devices such as a main board, a camera module, a receiver module, a battery, various sensors and the like. One side of the frame 320 is surrounded on the edge of the display screen 200, and the other side of the frame 320 is surrounded on the edge of the rear cover 400, so as to form a complete appearance structure of the electronic device 1000. In the present embodiment, the frame 320 and the middle plate 310 are integrally formed, and the frame 320 and the rear cover 400 may be separate structures, which are the working environments of the antenna assembly 100 exemplified by a mobile phone, but the antenna assembly 100 of the present application is not limited to the working environments described above.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a back view of the electronic device 1000. The frame 320 includes a top side 321, a bottom side 322, and a first side 323 and a second side 324 connected to the top side 321 and the bottom side 322. Wherein the top edge 321 is the side far away from the ground when the user holds the electronic device 1000 with the vertical screen, and the bottom edge 322 is the side facing the ground when the user holds the electronic device 1000 with the vertical screen. The first side 323 is the left side of the electronic device 1000 when the user holds the electronic device and erects the screen. The second side 324 is the right side of the electronic device 1000 when held by a user and when the display is in use. Of course, the first side 323 may also be the right side of the electronic device 1000 when the user holds the electronic device. The second side 324 is the left side of the electronic device 1000 when held by a user.

The electronic device 1000 also includes a reference floor 500. Optionally, the reference floor 500 is disposed within the bezel 320. The reference floor 500 is generally rectangular in shape. Because devices are arranged in the mobile phone or other structures are avoided as required, various grooves, holes and the like are formed on the reference ground edge of the reference floor 500. The reference floor 500 includes, but is not limited to, a metal alloy portion that is the midplane 310 and a reference ground metal portion of a circuit board (including motherboard and sub-boards). In general, the reference ground system in the electronic device 1000 may be equivalently a generally rectangular shape, and is therefore referred to as the reference floor 500. The reference floor 500 does not indicate that the shape of the reference ground is plate-shaped and is a rectangular plate.

The specific structure of the antenna assembly 100 is illustrated in the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 3, the antenna assembly 100 includes a first antenna unit 110 and a second antenna unit 120.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the first antenna unit 110 includes a first radiator 11, a second radiator 12, a first signal source 21 and a first capacitive tuning circuit 31.

At least a portion of the first radiator 11 is disposed at the bottom edge 322, and at least a portion of the second radiator 12 is disposed at the bottom edge 322. In other words, the first antenna unit 110 is the lower antenna of the electronic device 1000 (the first antenna unit 110 is located below when the electronic device 1000 is held).

The material of the first radiator 11 is not particularly limited in this application. Optionally, the material of the first radiator 11 is a conductive material, including but not limited to a conductive material such as a metal, an alloy, and the like. The shape of the first radiator 11 is not particularly limited in this application. For example, the shape of the first radiator 11 includes, but is not limited to, a bar shape, a sheet shape, a rod shape, a coating shape, a film shape, and the like. The first radiator 11 shown in fig. 3 is only an example and is not intended to limit the shape of the first radiator 11 provided in the present application. In this embodiment, the first radiators 11 are all in a strip shape. The extending track of the first radiator 11 is not limited in this application. Alternatively, the first radiator 11 may extend in a straight line, or in a curved line, or in a bending line. The first radiator 11 may be a line with a uniform width on the extending track, or may be a bar with a gradual width change and a widening area, etc.

The form of the first radiator 11 is not particularly limited in this application. Optionally, the first radiator 11 includes, but is not limited to, a metal frame 320, a metal frame embedded in the plastic frame 320, a metal radiator located in or on the frame 320, a flexible circuit board antenna formed on a flexible circuit board (Flexible Printed Circuit board, FPC), a laser direct formed antenna formed by laser direct structuring (Laser Direct Structuring, LDS), a printed direct formed antenna formed by printing direct structuring (Print Direct Structuring, PDS), a conductive patch antenna (e.g., a metal bracket antenna), and the like. In this embodiment, the first radiator 11 is taken as a part of the metal frame 320 of the electronic device 1000 as an example.

The material, shape, form, etc. of the second radiator 12 can be referred to as the material, shape, form, etc. of the first radiator 11.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the first radiator 11 includes a first ground terminal A1, a first feeding point B1, and a first free end F1.

In this application, the ground terminal refers to an end electrically connected to the reference floor 500, and the free terminal refers to an end not electrically connected to the reference floor, and generally, the free terminal is disconnected from other conductive parts on the frame 320 by an insulation break. In order to ensure structural strength of the frame 320 of the electronic device 1000, the insulating material is filled in the insulating break.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the second radiator 12 includes a first end D1 and a second end D2. Alternatively, the first end D1 may be grounded by matching, and the second end D2 may be a ground or free end.

The first end D1 is coupled to the first free end F1 of the first radiator 11 by an electric field.

Alternatively, the first end D1 may form a coupling gap with the first free end F1 of the first radiator 11, and the coupling gap may be smaller than 3mm to couple by an electric field, i.e., directly. Alternatively, the first end D1 may be coupled to the first free end F1 of the first radiator 11 by using another antenna radiator as a coupling relay, i.e. in an indirect coupling manner.

The second end D2 is grounded. Optionally, the second end D2 is directly grounded. For example, the second end D2 is grounded back through a grounding spring. For another example, the second end D2 of the second radiator 12 is interconnected as one piece with a portion of the reference floor 500; alternatively, the second end D2 of the second radiator 12 is interconnected in one piece with an intermediate electrical connection electrically connected to the reference floor 500, i.e. by means of a physical return to ground.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, one end of the first capacitive tuning circuit 31 is electrically connected to the first end D1, and the other end of the first capacitive tuning circuit 31 is grounded.

The first signal source 21 is electrically connected to the first feeding point B1, and is configured to excite the first radiator 11 to form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band, where the first frequency band is a low frequency band. I.e. the first radiator 11 forms a low frequency antenna. The first signal source 21 is further configured to excite the second radiator 12 and the first capacitive tuning circuit 31 to form a loop mode supporting the second frequency band. The second frequency band is a low frequency band.

The first signal source 21 includes, but is not limited to, a radio frequency transceiver chip, etc. The first signal source 21 is configured to provide a radio frequency excitation current, and after the radio frequency excitation current is transmitted to the first radiator 11, the first radiator 11 can be excited to generate a resonant current, so as to form a resonant mode, so as to support a frequency band corresponding to the resonant current.

In this embodiment, the first signal source 21 is disposed on the motherboard 600. The electrical connection between the first signal source 21 and the first feeding point B1 includes, but is not limited to, direct welding, or indirect via coaxial line, microstrip line, conductive spring, etc. Specifically, the first signal source 21 is electrically connected to the first feeding point B1 through a feeding spring (conductive spring) disposed on the motherboard 600.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the main current of the first resonant mode is distributed between the first ground terminal A1 and the first free terminal F1, and optionally, the current flows to the first ground terminal A1 and the first free terminal F1. Due to the periodicity of the current, at other moments, the current flow may also be such that the first free end F1 flows to the first ground end A1.

The first radiator 11 provided in this embodiment forms an IFA antenna. The first resonance mode is that the center frequency point of the first frequency band corresponds to a 1/4 wavelength mode. The 1/4 wavelength mode is the ground mode of the IFA antenna and has a relatively high efficiency to ensure that the first frequency band supported by the first resonant mode has a relatively high efficiency.

The electrical length described in this application may satisfy the following formula:

where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in the free scene.

Wherein the second frequency band includes, but is not limited to, at least one of an LB frequency band (less than 1 GHz), an MHB frequency band (1-3 GHz), a UHB frequency band (greater than 3 GHz), a Wi-Fi frequency band, a GPS frequency band, and the like. For example, the second frequency band is a low frequency band. The first antenna element 110 forms a low frequency band dual wave antenna.

The current intensity distribution of the resonance current of the ring mode is different from the current intensity distribution of the resonance current of the first resonance mode. For example, the resonant current of the first resonant mode is a current distribution from strong to weak, while the current intensity of the resonant current of the ring mode is distributed relatively uniformly over the second radiator 12.

Referring to fig. 8 and 9, the resonant current of the loop mode passes from the second end D2, the second radiator 12, the first end D1, and the first capacitive tuning circuit 31.

Further, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the first antenna unit 110 further includes a first matching circuit M1. The first matching circuit M1 is electrically connected between the first signal source 21 and the first feeding point B1. The first matching circuit M1 includes at least one of a capacitance and an inductance, and the first matching circuit M1 facilitates the first signal source 21 to excite a first resonant mode with higher efficiency on the first radiator 11 by adjusting the impedance matching between the port of the first signal source 21 and the port of the first radiator 11.

Specifically, the first matching circuit M1 includes, but is not limited to, a capacitor, an inductor, a device connected in series between a capacitor and an inductor, a device connected in parallel between the above-mentioned device connected in series and a capacitor, a device connected in parallel between the above-mentioned device connected in series and an inductor, a device connected in parallel between two devices connected in series, a device connected in parallel between two devices connected in parallel between them, and so on.

The first radiator 11 is a main radiator, and the second radiator 12 is a parasitic radiator of the first radiator 11. Wherein, the first frequency band supported by the first resonant mode is formed on the first radiator 11 and the second frequency band supported by the annular mode formed on the second radiator 12 form a continuous frequency band, so that the first resonant mode and the annular mode form a double wave which is well fused, the lifting effect of the annular mode on the first resonant mode is more obvious, the bandwidth of the low-frequency band is improved, and the influence caused by holding frequency deviation by hands is reduced.

In the electronic device 1000 with limited space, the bottom edge 322 has a limited size, and it is not possible to design a plurality of low frequency antennas, so there is a need to shorten the antenna branches. In this embodiment, the electrical length of the second radiator 12 is much smaller than the electrical length of the first radiator 11, with little space reserved for the second radiator 12. However, the electrical length of the second radiator 12 is insufficient, so that the second radiator 12 cannot form an intrinsic resonance, and thus cannot excite a resonance mode of a low-frequency band. At this time, the second radiator 12 may be equivalent to an inductance. An equivalent LC resonant circuit is formed between the second radiator 12 and the first capacitive tuning circuit 31, and the first capacitive tuning circuit 31 is configured to lower a resonant frequency point of the equivalent LC resonant circuit to a second frequency band, so as to achieve that the second radiator 12 is small in compatible size and can support a low frequency band.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the second antenna unit 120 includes a third radiator 13 and a second signal source 22. The third radiator 13 is arranged adjacent to the second radiator 12. The material, shape, form, etc. of the third radiator 13 can be referred to as the material, shape, form, etc. of the first radiator 11.

Referring to fig. 10 and 11, the third radiator 13 is at least partially disposed at the bottom edge 322. The third radiator 13 includes a third end D3 and a fourth end D4. The third end D3 is located on the side close to the first radiator 11. The second signal source 22 is configured to be electrically connected to the third end D3 for exciting the third radiator 13 to form a second resonance mode supporting a medium-high frequency band (MHB band). The above realizes that the low-frequency antenna, the low-frequency band parasitic antenna, and the medium-high frequency antenna are disposed on the bottom side 322 of the electronic device 1000.

Further, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the second antenna unit 120 further includes a second matching circuit M2. The second matching circuit M2 is electrically connected between the second signal source 22 and the third end D3. The second matching circuit M2 includes at least one of a capacitor and an inductor, and the second matching circuit M2 facilitates the second signal source 22 to excite the second resonant mode with higher efficiency on the third radiator 13 by adjusting the impedance matching between the port of the second signal source 22 and the port of the third radiator 13.

Specifically, the second matching circuit M2 includes, but is not limited to, a capacitor, an inductor, a device connected in series between a capacitor and an inductor, a device connected in parallel between the above-mentioned device connected in series and a capacitor, a device connected in parallel between the above-mentioned device connected in series and an inductor, a device connected in parallel between two devices connected in series, a device connected in parallel between two devices connected in parallel between them, and so on.

Generally, in the vertical screen left hand holding and right hand holding scenarios, since the hand will not hold to the bottom edge 322, the bottom edge 322 forms a low frequency band+a middle and high frequency band, which has a better application for reducing frequency offset in the vertical screen left hand holding and right hand holding scenarios. In addition, when the handheld electronic device 1000 is close to the ear to make a call (in a head-to-head scenario), the SAR compliance needs to be considered, so that the power needs to be reduced, and the bottom edge 322 is further away from the head, so that the SAR compliance does not need to be considered when the bottom edge 322 forms a low frequency band+a middle-to-high frequency band antenna to make the electronic device 1000 work in the low frequency band and/or the middle-to-high frequency band, or the SAR requirement is reduced, so that the power reduction in the low frequency band and/or the middle-to-high frequency band is reduced, so that the bottom edge 322 forms the low frequency band+the middle-to-high frequency band to have better application to the head-to-hand scenario to reduce the power reduction.

According to the electronic device 1000 provided by the application, the first antenna unit 110 includes the first radiator 11, the second radiator 12, the first signal source 21 and the first capacitive tuning circuit 31, at least part of the first radiator 11 is disposed at the bottom edge 322, at least part of the second radiator 12 is disposed at the bottom edge 322, the first radiator 11 includes the first grounding end A1, the first feeding point B1 and the first free end F1, the second radiator 12 includes the first end D1 and the second end D2, the first end D1 is coupled with the first free end F1 of the first radiator 11 through an electric field, the second end D2 is grounded, one end of the first capacitive tuning circuit 31 is electrically connected with the first end D1, and the other end of the first capacitive tuning circuit 31 is grounded; the first signal source 21 is electrically connected to the first feeding point B1, and is configured to excite the first radiator 11 to form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band, and excite the second radiator 12 and the first capacitive tuning circuit 31 to form a ring mode supporting a second frequency band, where the first frequency band is a low frequency band; the second antenna unit 120 is designed to include a third radiator 13 and a second signal source 22, where the third radiator 13 is disposed adjacent to the second radiator 12, the third radiator 13 is at least partially disposed at a bottom edge 322, the third radiator 13 includes a third end D3 and a fourth end D4, the third end D3 is located at a side close to the first radiator 11, and the second signal source 22 is configured to be electrically connected to the third end D3 and is used for exciting the third radiator 13 to form a second resonant mode supporting a middle-high frequency band, so that a low frequency antenna and a middle-high frequency antenna are designed at the same time at the limited bottom edge 322, and the low frequency antenna and the middle-high frequency antenna have better efficiency.

In an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the third radiator 13 is located between the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12. The third end D3 and the first free end F1 form a first coupling gap N1 therebetween. Optionally, the first coupling slit N1 is an insulation break slit, and the width of the first coupling slit N1 is 0.5-2 mm, but is not limited to this size. The first radiator 11 and the third radiator 13 can be capacitively coupled through the first coupling gap N1. In one of the angles, the first radiator 11 and the third radiator 13 may be regarded as two portions of the bezel 320 partitioned by the first coupling slit N1.

The first radiator 11 and the third radiator 13 are capacitively coupled through a first coupling slot N1. Here, "capacitive coupling" means that an electric field is generated in the first coupling gap N1 between the first radiator 11 and the third radiator 13, and a signal of the first radiator 11 can be transmitted to the third radiator 13 through the electric field, and a signal of the third radiator 13 can be transmitted to the first radiator 11 through the electric field, so that the first radiator 11 and the third radiator 13 can be electrically connected even in a state of not being directly electrically connected.

Optionally, the fourth end D4 is configured as a free end, and a second coupling gap N2 is formed between the fourth end D4 and the first end D1. The second coupling slit N2 may refer to the first coupling slit N1. Alternatively, the first coupling slit N1 and the second coupling slit N2 may be breaks provided on both sides of the USB port of the bottom edge 322 of the electronic device 1000. Further, the first coupling slit N1 and the second coupling slit N2 may be symmetrically disposed at two sides of the USB port.

I.e. in a first resonance mode, the first radiator 11, the third radiator 13, and the second radiator 12 are coupled in electric field order. The third radiator 13 corresponds to a coupling repeater, and the third radiator 13 is spaced between the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12, and the third radiator 13 can perform an electric field transmission function, so that the second radiator 12 can be coupled to the first radiator 11 even if it is spaced from the first radiator 11, and is excited by the first signal source 21.

Optionally, referring to fig. 12, the first signal source 21 excites the third radiator 13 and the first radiator 11 to form an E-H mode supporting a third frequency band, which is a third low frequency band.

Referring to fig. 6, the first signal source 21 excites the first radiator 11 to form an IFA mode supporting a first frequency band, which is a first low frequency band.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 8, the first signal source excites the second radiator 12 to form a ring mode supporting a second frequency band, which is a second low frequency band.

In this embodiment, the first radiator 11, the third radiator 13, and the second radiator 12 all form a resonant mode supporting a low frequency band.

The coupling action, current pattern, etc. between the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 of the first antenna element 110 are specifically exemplified below with reference to the drawings.

Specifically, referring to fig. 10 and 11, the second antenna unit 120 further includes at least one first capacitive element C1. One end of the first capacitive element C1 is electrically connected to the third end D3, and the other end of the first capacitive element C1 is electrically connected to the second signal source 22. The specific value of the first capacitive element C1 is not limited in this application. Alternatively, the first capacitive element C1 is of small impedance for the MHB frequency band, and the first capacitive element C1 is of large impedance for the first frequency band (low frequency band). The first capacitive element C1 is configured to allow signals of the medium-high frequency band to pass and to block signals of the low frequency band from passing.

Specifically, referring to fig. 12, the second antenna unit 120 further includes an inductance element L1. One end of the inductance element L1 is electrically connected to the third end D3, and the other end of the inductance element L1 is grounded. The inductance element L1 is a large inductance, and for example, the inductance value of the inductance element L1 is 5nH or more. The grounded inductance element L1 corresponds to a large impedance or a circuit break for the MHB frequency band. Signals in the MHB frequency band do not pass through the inductance element L1 to the ground.

The grounded inductance element L1 corresponds to a short circuit or a small impedance for the low frequency band, and the signal of the low frequency band passes through the inductance element L1 to the ground. Since the third radiator 13 acts both as a parasitic radiator for said first radiator 11 and supports the low frequency band and as a main radiator supporting the MHB band.

The inductance element L1 is used to pass the first frequency band and block the MHB frequency band, so that the coupling current on the third radiator 13 flows through the inductance element L1 to the ground without affecting the second signal source 22. The MHB frequency band emitted by the second signal source 22 flows to the second radiator 12 through the second matching circuit M2 and the third end D3. The above implementation of the third radiator 13 both as parasitic radiator of said first radiator 11 and supporting the low frequency band and as main radiator supporting the MHB band has no effect on each other.

Because of the limited space at the bottom edge 322, for example, the bottom edge 322 is approximately 7cm in length. The length of the low frequency band radiator is about 5cm-7cm, so the bottom edge 322 cannot be provided with three low frequency band conventional antennas at the same time. In this embodiment, the electrical length of the first radiator 11 is designed to be close to 1/4 wavelength of the center frequency point of the first frequency band, so that the first radiator 11 has higher efficiency as a main radiation branch. The length of the third radiator 13 is designed to be far smaller than 1/4 wavelength of the center frequency point of the first frequency band, and meanwhile, the inductance element L1 is arranged to compensate the electric length of the third radiator 13, so that the first radiator 11 and the third radiator 13 can be arranged at the bottom edge 322, and resonant modes supporting the low frequency band can be formed, and the efficiency of the low frequency band is improved. The third radiator 13 may be located between the coupling slits on both sides of the USB port. Further, the length of the third radiator 13 may be 2cm, 2.5cm, 3cm, etc. Since the third radiator 13 is a parasitic radiator of the first radiator 11, the length of the third radiator 13 is designed to be relatively small.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 9, the first signal source 21 excites the first radiator 11 and the third radiator 13 to form a third resonant mode supporting a third frequency band. The third frequency band is a low frequency band, and the third resonance mode is an H-E mode (magnetic field+electric field mode) between the first radiator 11 and the third radiator 13. The resonance current of the third resonance mode formed on the third radiator 13 flows through the inductance element L1, while the resonance current of the first radiator 11 formed in the third resonance mode is opposite to the resonance current formed on the third radiator 13. The main resonance current of the third resonance mode is at the third radiator 13.

As mentioned above, the first signal source 21 further excites the first radiator 11 to form a first resonant mode supporting the first frequency band, where the first resonant mode is a main mode of the low frequency band and mainly contributes to the transceiving efficiency of the low frequency band.

Referring to fig. 13, fig. 13 is an S-parameter curve of an antenna assembly according to a first embodiment of the present application. Curve a is the S-parameter curve of the first antenna element. Curve b is the S-parameter curve of the second antenna element. Curve c is the isolation curve between the first antenna element and the second antenna element. Wherein, the point 1 is a center frequency point of the third frequency band supported by the third resonance mode. Point 2 is the center frequency point of the first frequency band supported by the first resonant mode. Point 3 is the center frequency point supporting the second frequency band supported by the H-E mode. Point 4 is the center frequency point of the MHB band supported by the ring mode. From curve c it can be seen that the first antenna element and the second antenna element have a good isolation in both the low frequency and MHB frequency bands.

Referring to fig. 14, fig. 14 is an efficiency curve of an antenna assembly according to a first embodiment of the present application. Curve a is the radiation efficiency curve of the first antenna element. Curve b is the radiation efficiency curve of the second antenna element. Curve c is the overall efficiency curve of the first antenna element. Curve d is the overall efficiency curve of the second antenna element. It can be seen that the three resonances at low frequencies, the main mode (first resonant mode) is more efficient, while the ring mode, H-E mode, is used to boost the efficiency of the first resonant mode. The MHB mode is in a monopole form, a single wave covers the B3 frequency band, and full-band coverage of the MHB can be realized through switching of a switch in the second matching circuit M2. The above illustrates that the present application achieves the incorporation of LB and MHB.

Referring to fig. 15, the second antenna unit 120 further includes a first switch switching circuit E1. One end of the first switch switching circuit E1 is electrically connected to the fourth end D4 of the third radiator 13, and the other end of the first switch switching circuit E1 is grounded.

In this embodiment, when the first switch switching circuit E1 is in an off state, the fourth end D4 is configured as a free end, and the third end D3 is configured to be grounded through the inductance element L1. A part of the resonance current of the third resonance mode flows from the fourth end D4 to the third end D3 and at the third end D3 via the inductive element L1 to the ground, and another part of the resonance current of the third resonance mode flows from the first ground terminal A1 to the first free terminal F1. An H-E mode is formed between the first radiator 11 and the third radiator 13.

The second frequency band is a second low-frequency band, the center frequency point of the third frequency band is smaller than the center frequency point of the first frequency band, and the center frequency point of the second frequency band is larger than the center frequency point of the first frequency band. The third resonance mode is used for forming an efficiency bump at the low frequency band side of the first frequency band; the annular pattern is used for forming an efficiency bump on the high frequency side of the first frequency band.

Specifically, the first free end F1 is a free end, the first free end F1 is a position with the strongest electric field, the third end D3 is a position with the strongest magnetic field, and the third resonance mode is an H-E (magnetic field-electric field) mode between the first radiator 11 and the third radiator 13. When the resonance point of the third resonance mode is located before (on the low frequency side of) the resonance point of the first resonance mode, the third resonance mode can form an efficiency pit and then an efficiency bump after (on the high frequency side of) the resonance point of the third resonance mode, that is, the third resonance mode is used for forming the efficiency bump on the low frequency side of the first low frequency band. Therefore, the present application designs the third resonant mode formed by coupling the first radiator 11 and the third radiator 13, and designs the resonant point of the third resonant mode to be smaller than the resonant point of the first resonant mode, so that the third resonant mode formed by the third radiator 13 improves the efficiency of the first low frequency band.

The ring mode merges with the first resonant mode, and a resonance point of the ring mode is greater than a resonance point of a first low frequency band. When the resonance point of the first resonance mode is located before (on the low frequency side of) the resonance point of the ring mode, the ring mode can form an efficiency pit before (on the low frequency side of) the resonance point of the ring mode, and then form an efficiency bump, wherein the ring mode is used for forming the efficiency bump on the high frequency side of the first low frequency band. Therefore, the present application designs the coupling mode of the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12, and designs the resonance point of the ring mode to be larger than the resonance point of the first resonance mode, so that the ring mode formed by the second radiator 12 improves the efficiency of the first low frequency band.

When the first signal source 21 excites the first radiator 11, the second radiator 12 and the third radiator 13 to resonate, the first low frequency band, the second low frequency band and the third low frequency band are all less than 1GHz. Optionally, the first low frequency band, the second low frequency band, and the third low frequency band are all greater than 0.65GHz and less than 0.9GHz. Further, the first low frequency band, the second low frequency band and the third low frequency band can jointly cover 0.65 GHz-0.9 GHz.

By the above design, three resonant modes are formed by one of the antenna assemblies 100 (one of the first signal sources 21), and the frequency bands supported by each resonant mode are different, thereby enabling an increase in the number of frequency bands that the antenna assembly 100 can support in the low frequency band, for example the antenna assembly 100 may support LB + LB (low frequency tri-wave), or complex LB duplex waves, etc.

Optionally, the sub-band switching of the first frequency band (the first low frequency band) and the sub-band switching of the second frequency band (the second low frequency band) are independent, and the sub-band switching of the second low frequency band and the sub-band switching of the third low frequency band are independent. The sub-band switching of the first low frequency band is independent of the sub-band switching of the third low frequency band. The frequency band supported by the first resonance mode, the frequency band supported by the second resonance mode and the frequency band supported by the annular mode can be switched independently, so that the constraint among the supported frequency bands is reduced, and more complex frequency band combinations can be supported.

Referring to fig. 16, the first antenna unit 110 further includes a first switch tuning circuit T1. The first switch tuning circuit is electrically connected to the first radiator 11 and is configured to switch a sub-band of the first frequency band. The first switch tuning circuit T1 includes a first switch unit K1 and a plurality of first impedance tuning branches R1. The first impedance tuning branch R1 comprises an inductance. The first switch unit K1 electrically connects the first radiator 11 and the plurality of first impedance tuning branches R1. The first switching unit K1 is electrically connected to the feeding point of the first radiator 11, and the first switching tuning circuit T1 may be combined with the first matching circuit M1 into one circuit. As a further alternative, the first switching unit K1 may be further electrically connected between the feeding point and the first free end F1. The first switching unit K1 is configured to switch the first radiator 11 to be conducted with any one or more of the first impedance tuning branches R1, where another end of each first impedance tuning branch R1 is grounded, so as to switch the sub-band of the first low frequency band. The first switch tuning circuit T1 is configured to tune the sub-bands of the first low frequency band independently. For example, switching from the B28 band to the B5 band, etc.

The impedance of each first impedance tuning branch R1 is different, and one end of each first impedance tuning branch R1 is electrically connected to the selection end of the first switch unit K1. The other end of each first impedance tuning branch R1 is electrically connected to the reference floor 500. The first switching unit K1 is a switching transistor including, but not limited to, at least one of a triode, a transistor, a field effect transistor, and the like. The first impedance tuning branch R1 may be an inductive device of different inductance values. When the first switch unit K1 is switched to a different first impedance tuning branch R1, the first impedance tuning branch R1 has a different impedance, i.e. a different equivalent electrical length, so as to tune the sub-band size of the first low frequency band supported by the first resonance mode.

Referring to fig. 16, the second antenna unit 120 further includes a second switch tuning circuit T2. The second switch tuning circuit is electrically connected to the first end D1, and the second switch tuning circuit is configured to switch a sub-band of the second frequency band. The second switch tuning circuit T2 includes a second switch unit K2 and a plurality of second impedance tuning branches R2. The second impedance tuning branch R2 comprises an inductance. The second switch unit K2 is electrically connected to the third end D3 and the plurality of second impedance tuning branches R2. The second switch unit K2 is electrically connected to the third end D3 of the third radiator 13, and the second impedance tuning branch R2 and the second matching circuit M2 may be combined into one circuit. The other end of each second impedance tuning branch R2 is grounded. The second switching unit K2 is configured to switch the third end D3 to be conducted with any one or more of the second impedance tuning branches R2, so as to switch the sub-band of the second low-frequency band. The second switch tuning circuit T2 is configured to tune the sub-bands of the second low frequency band independently. For example, switching from the B5 band to the B8 band, etc. The inductance element L1 may be one of the second impedance tuning branches.

Referring to fig. 16, the first capacitive tuning circuit 31 further includes a third switch unit K3 and a plurality of capacitive elements C0. The third switching unit K3 electrically connects the first end D1 and the plurality of capacitive elements C0. The third switching unit K3 is configured to switch the first end D1 to be conductive to any one or more of the capacitive elements C0, so as to switch a sub-band of a third low-frequency band supported by the ring mode. The third switch tuning circuit is used for independently tuning the sub-frequency band of the third low-frequency band. When the first switch unit K1 switches the first end D1 to be on with any one or more of the capacitive elements C0, the switchable capacitive tuning circuit has different capacitance values (or impedance values), and the capacitive elements C0 with different capacitance values tune the equivalent LC resonant circuit to different resonance points, so that the switching of the ring mode supports different low frequency sub-bands, for example, switching from B8 to B5, switching from B5 to B28, and so on.

It can be appreciated that the resonant current distribution of the first resonant mode is relatively independent of the resonant current distribution of the third resonant mode (L-E mode), the resonant current distribution of the third resonant mode is relatively independent of the resonant current distribution of the loop mode, and the resonant current distribution of the first resonant mode is relatively independent of the resonant current distribution of the loop mode, so that the sub-band switching of the first low frequency band, the sub-band switching of the second low frequency band and the sub-band switching of the third low frequency band are mutually independent to realize three-wave triple-cut, and the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 100 not only can meet the B8 frequency band+b28 frequency band, but also can realize the more complex l+l requirement of B28/B5/B8 dual waves.

In a second alternative embodiment, this embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: referring to fig. 17, the first switch switching circuit E1 is in a conductive state, the fourth end D4 of the third radiator 13 is configured as a ground terminal, and the third end D3 of the third radiator 13 is configured to be electrically disconnected from the inductance element L1.

Referring to fig. 17, the second antenna unit 120 further includes a second capacitive tuning circuit 32, one end of the second capacitive tuning circuit 32 is electrically connected to the third end D3, the other end of the second capacitive tuning circuit 32 is grounded, the second resonant mode is a loop mode of the MHB band, and a resonant current of the loop mode of the MHB band flows through the second capacitive tuning circuit 32 to the ground. At this time, the third radiator 13 forms an E-E pattern between the first radiator 11 and the third radiator 13 when acting as a parasitic branch of the first radiator 11.

The second capacitive tuning circuit 32 comprises at least one capacitor, and the structure and function of the second capacitive tuning circuit 32 can refer to the first capacitive tuning circuit 31. The LC resonant circuit formed by the third radiator 13 and the second capacitive tuning circuit 32 can refer to the LC resonant circuit formed by the second radiator 12 and the first capacitive tuning circuit 31. The resonance current distribution of the ring mode of the MHB frequency band can be referred to the resonance current distribution of the ring mode of the second frequency band.

In tuning the MHB frequency band in the present embodiment, referring to fig. 18, the second capacitive tuning circuit 32 includes a fourth switching unit K4 and a plurality of fourth impedance tuning branches R4. The fourth impedance tuning branch R4 comprises a capacitor. The fourth switching unit K4 is electrically connected to the third end D3 and the plurality of fourth impedance tuning branches R4. The fourth switching unit K4 is electrically connected to the third end D3 of the third radiator 13, and the fourth impedance tuning branch R4 may be combined with the second matching circuit M2 into a circuit. The other end of each fourth impedance tuning branch R4 is grounded. The fourth switching unit K4 is configured to switch the third end D3 to be conductive to any one or more fourth impedance tuning branches R4, so as to switch the sub-band of the MHB band. The second switch tuning circuit T2 is used to tune independently the sub-bands of the MHB band. For example, switching from the B5 band to the B8 band, etc. The inductance element L1 may be one of the second impedance tuning branches.

Compared with the monopole mode in the first alternative embodiment, in this embodiment, the second resonant mode is the loop mode of the MHB band by shortening the branch size and the inductance compensation electric length, and the LC resonant current is made to resonate in the MHB band by tuning the first capacitive tuning circuit 31 to a suitable capacitance, so that the size of the MHB band can be reduced and the efficiency can be relatively improved.

Referring to fig. 19, fig. 19 is an S-parameter curve of an antenna assembly according to a second embodiment of the present application. Curve a is the S-parameter curve of the first antenna element. Curve b is the S-parameter curve of the second antenna element. Curve c is the isolation curve between the first antenna element and the second antenna element. Wherein, the point 1 is a center frequency point of the first frequency band supported by the first resonance mode. Point 2 is the center frequency point of the third frequency band supported by the third resonant mode. Point 3 is the center frequency point of the MHB band supported by the ring mode. From curve c it can be seen that the first antenna element and the second antenna element have a good isolation in both the low frequency and MHB frequency bands. As can be seen by comparing curve b of fig. 13 with that of fig. 19, the second embodiment provides an increased bandwidth of the MHB band of the antenna assembly.

Referring to fig. 20, fig. 20 is an efficiency curve of an antenna assembly according to a second embodiment of the present application. Curve a is the radiation efficiency curve of the first antenna element. Curve b is the radiation efficiency curve of the second antenna element. Curve c is the overall efficiency curve of the first antenna element. Curve d is the overall efficiency curve of the second antenna element. It can be seen that the efficiency bandwidth of the MHB band increases while the radiation efficiency of the second band decreases. This is because, although a part of the low frequency radiation contributes from the reference point, the low frequency main branch and the low frequency parasitic branch are far apart, mainly due to electric field coupling, i.e. excitation in the form of E-E. In this embodiment, after the MHB frequency band is excited by the ring mode, the main branch of the MHB frequency band couples the electric field, similar to "sucking the electric field", so that the third radiator cannot be excited by the electric field coupling, and the excitation amplitude is very weak.

In a third alternative embodiment, the difference between the present embodiment and the first alternative embodiment is that, referring to fig. 21, the second radiator 12 is located between the first radiator 11 and the third radiator 13. A third coupling gap N3 is between the first end D1 and the first free end F1. The third coupling slit N3 may refer to the first coupling slit N1.

The third end D3 and the second end D2 are opposite to each other and are spaced apart from each other. Defining a first break between the third end D3 and the second end D2. The third coupling gap N3 and the first break are symmetrical break at two sides of the USB port.

As in the first alternative embodiment, the first signal source 21 excites the first radiator 11 to form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band (a first low frequency band). The first signal source 21 excites the second radiator 12 to form a ring-shaped pattern supporting a second frequency band (second low frequency band). At this time, the ring mode between the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 is also an E-E mode (electric field to electric field mode). Since the second radiator 12 and the first radiator 11 are in the E-E mode, the second radiator 12 can no longer transmit the electric field to the third radiator 13, and the third radiator 13 can support the MHB frequency band independently, so the MHB frequency band in the embodiment has better efficiency.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 21, the fourth end D4 is a ground terminal. The second antenna element 120 further includes a second capacitive tuning circuit 32. One end of the second capacitive tuning circuit 32 is electrically connected to the third end D3, and the other end of the second capacitive tuning circuit 32 is grounded. The second resonance mode is a loop mode of the MHB frequency band, and a resonance current of the loop mode of the MHB frequency band flows through the second capacitive tuning circuit 32 to the ground.

Referring to fig. 21, the second capacitive tuning circuit 32 includes at least one capacitor, and the second capacitive tuning circuit 32 is structured and functions with reference to the first capacitive tuning circuit 31. The LC resonant circuit formed by the third radiator 13 and the second capacitive tuning circuit 32 can refer to the LC resonant circuit formed by the second radiator 12 and the first capacitive tuning circuit 31. The resonance current distribution of the ring mode of the MHB frequency band can be referred to the resonance current distribution of the ring mode of the second frequency band.

The manner of switching the sub-band of the MHB band in this embodiment may refer to the manner of switching the sub-band of the MHB band in the second possible embodiment.

Referring to fig. 22, fig. 22 is an S-parameter curve of an antenna assembly according to a third embodiment of the present application. Curve a is the S-parameter curve of the first antenna element. Curve b is the S-parameter curve of the second antenna element. Curve c is the isolation curve between the first antenna element and the second antenna element. Wherein, the point 1 is a center frequency point of the first frequency band supported by the first resonance mode. Point 2 is the center frequency point of the second frequency band supported by the second resonant mode. Point 3 is the center frequency point of the MHB band supported by the ring mode. It can be seen that after the first antenna element 110 and the second antenna element 120 are independent, the influence of the first antenna element 110 on the second antenna element 120 is reduced, and the MHB resonance bandwidth is wide. However, since the second radiator 12 is located at a shorter branch in the middle of the left and right breaks of the USB, the length of the second radiator 12 is now shorter than that of the second embodiment, and the difference from its natural resonant length is larger, so that the depth of excitation and the resonant bandwidth are narrower.

Referring to fig. 23, fig. 23 is an efficiency curve of an antenna assembly according to a third embodiment of the present application. Curve a is the radiation efficiency curve of the first antenna element. Curve b is the radiation efficiency curve of the second antenna element. Curve c is the overall efficiency curve of the first antenna element. Curve d is the overall efficiency curve of the second antenna element. It can be seen that the second resonant mode now has a weaker boosting effect on the first resonant mode, but the MHB now has a very high performance and a very wide bandwidth compared to the antenna assembly 100 in the second embodiment.

Referring to fig. 24, in an embodiment in which the third radiator 13 is located between the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12, the antenna assembly 100 further includes a second switching circuit E2. The second switch switching circuit E2 is electrically connected to the first end D1 of the second radiator 12, the third end D3 of the third radiator 13, and the second signal source 22. The second switch switching circuit E2 is configured to switch the first end D1 of the second radiator 12 or the third end D3 of the third radiator 13 to be electrically connected to the second signal source 22, so as to switch the antenna component to the structure of the first embodiment, the second embodiment, or the third embodiment, respectively, and further adjust the low-frequency efficiency or the MHB frequency band efficiency.

When the first end D1 of the second radiator 12 is configured to be electrically connected to the second signal source 22, the third end D3 of the third radiator 13 is configured to be grounded through a third capacitive tuning circuit, and the fourth end D4 is configured to be a ground terminal. The third capacitive tuning circuit is essentially the second capacitive tuning circuit 32 of fig. 21 described above. At this time, the antenna assembly provides an antenna structure for the second possible embodiment.

The third radiator 13 and the third capacitive tuning circuit form a ring mode supporting a fourth frequency band under the first signal source 21, where the fourth frequency band is a low frequency band. The fourth frequency band is substantially the third low frequency band described above. In other words, the third radiator 13 forms a ring pattern when the second signal source 22 is electrically connected to the second radiator 12.

The second antenna element 120 also includes a fifth switch tuning circuit. The fifth switching tuning circuit is electrically connected to the third end D3 of the third radiator 13, and is configured to switch the sub-band of the MHB band. The specific structure of the fifth switch tuning circuit may refer to the aforementioned second capacitive tuning circuit 32. And the first frequency band, the second frequency band and the MHB frequency band are independently switched between each other.

Referring to fig. 25, the electronic device 1000 is a foldable electronic device. The electronic device 1000 includes a first body 1100 and a second body 1200. The first body 1100 is movably connected (rotatably connected or slidably connected) to the second body 1200 to assume a folded state or an unfolded state. The first body 1100 includes a top edge 321. The second body 1200 includes a bottom edge 322. When the electronic device 1000 is in the unfolded state, the top edge 321 and the bottom edge 322 are respectively located at two opposite sides of the electronic device 1000. When the electronic device 1000 is in a folded state, the top side 321 overlaps the bottom side 322 in the thickness direction. In other words, the top edge 321, the first portion of the first side edge 323, and the first portion of the second side edge 324 are located on the first main body 1100. The bottom edge 322, the second portion of the first side edge 323, and the second portion of the second side edge 324 are located on the second body 1200.

For the electronic device 1000 to be a foldable electronic device, since the area of the reference floor 500 is halved after folding, the efficiency is greatly affected, particularly in the low frequency band depending on the radiation of the reference floor 500. The electronic device 1000 has a larger influence on the efficiency of the low-frequency antenna after being folded, and the maximum amplitude reduction is approximately 10dB in the N28 frequency band.

Referring to fig. 25, the antenna assembly 100 further includes a third antenna unit 130, and the third antenna unit 130 includes a fourth radiator 14 and a third signal source 23. The fourth radiator 14 is disposed at the top edge 321. The fourth radiator 14 includes a second free end F2, a second feeding point B2, and a second ground end A2, which are sequentially disposed. The third signal source 23 is electrically connected to the second feeding point B2 to excite the fourth radiator 14 to generate a fourth resonance mode supporting the fifth frequency band.

The fourth radiator 14 and the third signal source 23 form an IFA antenna, and the electrical length between the second ground terminal A2 and the second free terminal F2 is approximately 1/4 wavelength of the fifth frequency band. When the electronic device 1000 is in the unfolded state, the third resonant mode forms a 1/4 wavelength mode supporting the fifth frequency band between the second ground terminal A2 and the second free terminal F2.

Referring to fig. 25, when the electronic device 1000 is in a folded state, the fourth radiator 14 is opposite to and coupled with at least a portion of the third radiator 13 or the second radiator 12 in the thickness direction of the electronic device 1000. The third radiator 13 or the second radiator 12 coupled to the fourth radiator 14 is a coupled radiator 15. The direction in which the ground end of the coupling radiator 15 points to the free end is opposite to the direction in which the second ground end A2 points to the second free end F2. The fifth frequency band includes a GPS frequency band and the like.

The free end of the coupling radiator 15 is grounded via a second capacitive element C2. The coupling radiator 15 and the second capacitive element C2 are equivalent inductances for the fifth frequency band, and when the electronic device 1000 is folded, the coupling radiator 15 and the second capacitive element C2 form inductive loading for the fifth frequency band, so that the coupling radiator 15 and the fourth radiator 14 form non-common-ground dislocation coupling. The coupling radiator 15 and the second capacitive element C2 constitute an LC resonant circuit. And the resonance frequency point of the LC resonance circuit is larger than that of the fifth frequency band.

For example, in the antenna assembly 100 of the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the coupling radiator 15 is the second radiator 12, and the corresponding second capacitive element C2 is a part or all of the first capacitive tuning circuit 31. In the antenna assembly 100 of the third embodiment, the coupling radiator 15 is the third radiator 13, and the corresponding second capacitive element C2 is part or all of the second capacitive tuning circuit 32.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 25, the length of the coupling radiator 15 is smaller than the length of the fourth radiator 14.

Alternatively, the relative length between the coupling radiator 15 and the fourth radiator 14 is close to half the length of the fourth radiator 14. Further, the relative length between the coupling radiator 15 and the fourth radiator 14 is (1/2-1) times the length of the second radiator 12.

Specifically, when the electronic device 1000 is in the folded state, the fourth resonant mode is dual-wave resonance.

The coupling radiator 15 is arranged to serve as a parasitic radiator of the fourth radiator 14, so that double-wave resonance is formed, and the coupling radiator 15 can improve in-band efficiency and efficiency bandwidth of a resonance mode supported by the fourth radiator 14. Thus, the antenna assembly 100 can support the GPS band+lb band, and improve the efficiency of the LB band and the GPS band when folding, so as to realize the functions of cover-closing communication and cover-closing navigation of the electronic device 1000 when folding. Multiplexing of the coupling radiator 15 increases the function of the antenna assembly 100 while reducing the space occupied by the antenna assembly 100.

Referring to fig. 26 a-26 b, fig. 26 a-26 b take the electronic device 1000 as a tablet mobile phone as an example, and fig. 26 a-26 b are front views (the surface of the display screen 200) of the electronic device 1000. Fig. 26a is a left hand grip scene graph. Fig. 26b is a right hand grip scene graph.

The first side 323 in fig. 26a includes a hand grasping zone Z1 and the second side 324 includes a finger overlap zone Z2. The bottom edge 322 includes an open area Z3, i.e., not held by fingers. The second side 324 in fig. 26b includes a hand grasping zone Z1 and the first side 323 includes a finger overlap zone Z2. The bottom edge 322 includes an open area Z3, i.e., not held by fingers.

Referring to fig. 27 a-27 b, fig. 27 a-27 b illustrate different holding states of the electronic device 1000 as a folding mobile phone, and the rotating shaft is described above as an example.

In the left hand holding scenario, the area of the first side edge 323 near the bottom edge 322 is a palm holding area Z1; the middle lower portion of the second side edge 324 is the finger overlap zone Z1.

In the right hand holding scenario, the area of the second side 324 near the bottom 322 is the palm holding area Z1; the middle lower portion of the first side edge 323 is a finger overlap zone Z1.

It can be appreciated that, due to the difference in the palm sizes of different users, when the different users hold the same electronic device 1000 with the same gesture, the finger overlapping the frame 320 of the electronic device 1000 and the hand holding the frame of the electronic device 1000 have a certain difference. As an example, the finger overlap region Z1 and the palm holding region Z1 described herein may be corresponding regions formed by a user who satisfies any size palm when holding the electronic device 1000 of the present application with the same gesture. For example, the finger overlap zone Z1 of the present application may be a region to which the bezel 320 of the electronic device 1000 is overlapped by a finger when a user including a palm of any size holds the electronic device 1000 of the present application with the same gesture; the hand grasping and holding area Z1 may be an area where the frame 320 of the electronic device 1000 is covered by the palm and is in contact with the palm when the user including the palm of any size holds the electronic device 1000 of the present application in the same posture.

Referring to fig. 25, the first free end F1 is disposed in the open area Z3 of the bottom edge 322. Optionally, the open zone Z3 of the bottom edge 322 is located at a distance of greater than 10mm from the first and second side edges 323, 324.

Because the first free end F1 is located at the electric field strong point, the electric field direction is parallel to the frame (e.g. the bottom edge 322). If the hand contacts the first free end F1, the energy of the parallel electric field will be absorbed, resulting in serious frequency offset. In this embodiment, the first free end F1 is disposed in the open area Z3 of the bottom edge 322, and the open area Z3 of the bottom edge 322 is located in the left hand holding scene or the area where the fingers cannot be held in the right hand holding scene, so as to avoid the first free end F1 from being affected by the holding, and reduce the frequency offset.

Referring to fig. 25, the first grounding end A1 is located in the palm holding area of the first side 323. The distance of the hand holding area from the bottom edge 322 is less than or equal to 40mm. At least part of the strong current section of the first radiator 11 in the first resonant mode is arranged in the palm holding area so as to form medium loading under palm holding, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the first resonant mode.

Referring to fig. 25, the first radiator 11 further includes a strong current section in the first resonant mode. The vicinity of the first free end F1 (length about 1/5 of the total length of the first radiator 11) is a weak current section. The current intensity of the strong current section is larger than that of the weak current section. The first grounding end A1 and the first feeding point B1 are strong current points in the first resonance mode. The strong current section of the first radiator 11 in the first resonance mode is a region from the first ground terminal A1 to a position 4/5 of the total length of the first radiator 11 from the first ground terminal A1. All or part of the high current section is located in the hand held region.

The following describes the formation of a dielectric loading of the antenna assembly 100 in a handheld state during a high current phase: since the high current section is disposed in the palm holding area Z1 of the first side 323. In the left hand holding scenario, the palm contacts the heavy current segment. The equivalent dielectric constant of the palm is larger, for example, 25-40, which is far larger than the dielectric constant 0 in the air, so that the palm contacts the strong current section, which is equivalent to changing the radiation environment of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the strong current section. The palm forms a high dielectric constant medium in the radiation space of the electromagnetic wave. Based on the principle that the wavelength of electromagnetic waves can be shortened in a high-dielectric-constant medium, the medium (such as a palm) is covered or surrounds the radiator, so that the volume of the antenna can be greatly reduced in a corresponding frequency band, namely, the medium loading can play a role in miniaturization. In the electronic device 1000, since the lengths of the strong current sections before and after the holding are equal, the equivalent dielectric constant around the strong current section is changed after the holding, and since the electrical length of the strong current section is unchanged, the radiation capability is shifted toward the low frequency section, that is, the radiation efficiency peak is shifted toward the low frequency section side according to the wavelength shortening effect.

In the first resonance mode, the high-current section encounters a high-dielectric-constant medium formed by a palm in the radiation process, so that a radiation efficiency peak value in the first resonance mode can shift towards the low-frequency section side. Since the radiation efficiency of the first resonant mode at the first frequency band and the high frequency side of the first frequency band is gradually increased, that is, the radiation efficiency at the high frequency side of the first frequency band is higher than the radiation efficiency of the first frequency band. Therefore, after the radiation efficiency peak of the first resonant mode is shifted towards the low frequency band, the radiation efficiency of the first frequency band increases, that is, the antenna assembly 100 described herein forms a dielectric loading in the handheld state and the first resonant mode, so as to further improve the radiation efficiency in the first resonant mode.

In the design of the antenna assembly 100, when the user holds the scene in the left hand, the first free end F1 of the antenna assembly 100 is located in the open area Z3 of the bottom edge 322 which is not held by the user, so that frequency offset is avoided, and the user holds a strong current section with the palm, thereby realizing medium loading in the first frequency band and improving the radiation efficiency of the first frequency band; when the antenna assembly 100 is held in the right hand, the first free end F1 of the antenna assembly 100 is located in the open area Z3 of the bottom edge 322 that is not held by the hand, and the first ground end A1 is located outside the finger overlapping area Z1, so that the absorption caused by overlapping the finger on the first ground end A1 is reduced, the efficiency is reduced, and the antenna performance can be improved in both the left hand holding and the right hand holding.

Referring to fig. 28 and 29, fig. 28 is a schematic structural view of the first grounding end A1 and the bottom edge 322 with a distance of about 50 mm. Fig. 29 is a schematic view of a structure in which a distance between the first ground terminal A1 and the bottom edge 322 is about 20 mm. Fig. 28 is different from the first radiator 11 in fig. 29 in the position of the first ground terminal A1, and thus different efficiency is obtained. In fig. 29, the first ground terminal A1 is closer to the bottom edge 322, and the performance of the electronic device 1000 in a free scenario is high, while the first ground terminal A1 is closer to the bottom edge 322, so that the finger is not easy to get to the first ground terminal A1 of the antenna assembly 100 in a closed-cover hand/straight-panel hand scenario, and therefore, the absorption of the radiation power of the finger to the antenna assembly 100 is reduced, and the performance of the electronic device 1000 in the hand scenario is also improved. Take the electronic device 1000 as a foldable electronic device for example.

Referring to table 1-1, table 1-1 shows the total efficiency of the electronic device 1000 in fig. 28, in which the distance between the first ground end A1 and the bottom edge 322 is about 50mm, and the distance between the first ground end A1 and the bottom edge 322 in fig. 29 is about 20mm, in the unfolding free space, folding left hand holding, folding right hand holding, folding left hand holding (folding left hand holding near the head), folding right hand holding (folding right hand holding near the head).

TABLE 1-1

It can be seen that in the antenna assembly 100 with the distance between the first ground terminal A1 and the bottom edge 322 being about 20mm, the efficiency of folding the free scene to folding the left hand holding scene increases from-11.4 dB to-9.4 dB, which illustrates that the dielectric loading in the antenna assembly 100 with the distance between the first ground terminal A1 and the bottom edge 322 being about 20mm is stronger; although the efficiency after folding is lower than that at the time of unfolding, since the peak of the efficiency after medium loading is advanced to the vicinity of the resonance point, the efficiency of the resonance point after medium loading is improved.

In the antenna assembly 100 with the distance between the first ground end A1 and the bottom edge 322 being about 20mm, the efficiency of folding the free scene to folding the right hand holding scene is improved from-11.4 dB to-11.3 dB, which illustrates that the dielectric loading of the finger lap in the antenna assembly 100 with the distance between the first ground end A1 and the bottom edge 322 being about 20mm is similar to the absorption of the finger lap.

In the antenna assembly 100 with the distance between the first grounding end A1 and the bottom edge 322 being about 50mm, the efficiency of folding the free scene to folding the left hand holding scene is improved from-13 dB to-8.6 dB, which indicates that the medium loading in the antenna assembly 100 with the distance between the first grounding end A1 and the bottom edge 322 being about 50mm is stronger; although the efficiency after folding is lower than that at the time of unfolding, since the peak of the efficiency after medium loading is advanced to the vicinity of the resonance point, the efficiency of the resonance point after medium loading is improved.

In the antenna assembly 100 with the distance between the first grounding end A1 and the bottom edge 322 being about 50mm, the efficiency of folding the free scene to folding the right hand holding scene is improved from-13 dB to-12.2 dB, which indicates that the dielectric loading of the finger lap in the antenna assembly 100 with the distance between the first grounding end A1 and the bottom edge 322 being about 50mm is similar to the absorption of the finger lap, and the dielectric loading of the finger lap is slightly greater than the absorption of the finger lap.

The total efficiency of the electronic device 1000 with the distance between the first grounding end A1 and the bottom edge 322 being about 20mm in the unfolded free scene and the folded free scene is greater than the total efficiency of the electronic device 1000 with the distance between the first grounding end A1 and the bottom edge 322 being about 50mm in the unfolded free scene and the folded free scene. The performance of the electronic device 1000 in a free scene in which the distance between the first ground terminal A1 and the bottom side 322 is about 20mm is shown to be stronger.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 29, the first feeding point B1 is located between the midpoint of the first radiator 11 and the first ground terminal A1. In this way, the first radiator 11 and the first signal source 21 form an IFA antenna. The current mode of the first resonant mode is IFA current mode. In IFA current mode, the portion between the first ground terminal A1 and the first feeding point B1 is a strong current segment. The first feeding point B1 and the first grounding end A1 are both located in the palm holding area Z1. The first feeding point B1 and the first grounding end A1 are both current strong points, so that a current strong region is near the first grounding end A1, and a current strong region is near the first feeding point B1. The holding zone Z1 is held by the hand holding the strong current section in the left hand, so that the palm forms a medium loading effect at the strong current section, and the radiation efficiency of the holding in the left hand is improved.

According to the embodiment, the first feeding point B1 is designed to be close to the first grounding end A1, the first feeding point B1 and the first grounding end A1 are both located in the palm holding area Z1, so that the current mode of the first resonance mode is the IFA current mode, a long strong current section is formed on the first radiator 11, further, more strong current sections are contacted with the left hand and the palm, the medium loading effect is more, and the efficiency improving effect is more obvious.

In summary, in the electronic device 1000 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first free end F1, the first feeding point B1, the position of the high current section, and the position of the first grounding end A1 of the antenna assembly 100 are all designed, specifically, the first free end F1 of the antenna assembly 100 is disposed in the open area Z3 of the bottom edge 322, so as to avoid holding the first free end F1 in a holding scene; the first feed point B1 is arranged at a position relatively close to the first grounding end A1 so as to form an IFA antenna, and the efficiency is higher in a covering scene; the strong current section is arranged in a palm holding area Z1 under a holding scene, so that the palm can conveniently load a medium on the strong current section on the antenna, and the radiation efficiency of a lower frequency section is improved by using the medium loading; the first grounding end A1 is arranged below the finger overlap area Z1, so that the influence of the hand holding performance is reduced; the design realizes that the palm of the left hand is held in the scene to form medium loading, the performance is improved, the first grounding end A1 of the right hand is held in the scene to be far away from fingers, the performance is not reduced or is reduced little, the left hand and the right hand are balanced, and the folding-resistant and hand-holding-resistant low-frequency antenna is formed.

While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and alterations of the above embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present application, which are also to be regarded as being within the scope of the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An electronic device comprising a frame and an antenna assembly, the frame comprising a bottom edge; the antenna assembly includes:

2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the third radiator is located between the first radiator and the second radiator; a first coupling gap is formed between the third end and the first free end.

3. The electronic device of claim 2, wherein the fourth end is configured as a free end, the fourth end forming a second coupling gap with the first end.

4. The electronic device of claim 3, wherein the second antenna unit further comprises at least one first capacitive element having one end electrically connected to the third end and another end electrically connected to the second signal source, the first capacitive element configured to allow signals of the medium-high frequency band to pass and to block signals of the low frequency band from passing.

5. The electronic device of claim 3, wherein the second antenna unit further comprises an inductive element, one end of the inductive element being electrically connected to the third end, the other end of the inductive element being grounded; the inductance element is used for compensating the electric length of the third radiator;

the first signal source excites the first radiator and the third radiator to form a third resonance mode supporting a third frequency band, the third frequency band is a low-frequency band, the third resonance mode is an H-E mode between the first radiator and the third radiator, resonance current formed by the third resonance mode on the third radiator flows through the inductive element, and the direction of resonance current formed by the first radiator in the third resonance mode is opposite to the direction of resonance current formed on the third radiator.

6. The electronic device of claim 5, wherein the second antenna unit further comprises a first switching circuit having one end electrically connected to a fourth end of the third radiator and the other end grounded, the first radiator and the third radiator forming an H-E pattern therebetween when the first switching circuit is in an off state; when the first switch switching circuit is in a conducting state, an E-E mode is formed between the first radiator and the third radiator, and the third end of the third radiator is configured to be disconnected from the inductance element.

7. The electronic device of claim 5, wherein a center frequency point of the third frequency band is smaller than a center frequency point of the first frequency band, the center frequency point of the second frequency band is larger than the center frequency point of the first frequency band, and the third resonance mode is used for forming an efficiency bump at a low frequency band side of the first frequency band; the annular pattern is used for forming an efficiency bump on the high frequency side of the first frequency band.

8. The electronic device of claim 2, wherein a first radiator of the first antenna element forms an IFA antenna and a third radiator of the second antenna element forms a monopole antenna.

9. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the second radiator is located between the first radiator and the third radiator, a third coupling gap is between the first end and the first free end, and the third end and the second end are opposite and spaced apart.

10. The electronic device of claim 2 or 9, wherein the fourth end is a ground end; the second antenna unit further comprises a second capacitive tuning circuit, one end of the second capacitive tuning circuit is electrically connected with the third end, the other end of the second capacitive tuning circuit is grounded, the second resonant mode is a ring mode of the middle-high frequency band, and resonant current of the ring mode of the middle-high frequency band flows through the second capacitive tuning circuit to the ground.

11. The electronic device of claim 2, wherein the antenna assembly further comprises a second switching circuit electrically connected to the first end of the second radiator, the third end of the third radiator, and the second signal source, the second switching circuit being configured to switch the first end of the second radiator or the third end of the third radiator to electrically connect to the second signal source.

12. The electronic device of claim 11, wherein when the first end of the second radiator is configured to electrically connect to the second signal source, the third end of the third radiator is configured to be grounded through a third capacitive tuning circuit, the fourth end is configured to be grounded, the third radiator and the third capacitive tuning circuit form a ring pattern under the first signal source supporting a fourth frequency band, the fourth frequency band being a low frequency band.

13. The electronic device of any of claims 1-9, 11-12, wherein the electronic device is a foldable electronic device, the antenna assembly further comprises a third antenna unit, the third antenna unit comprises a fourth radiator and a third signal source, the fourth radiator is disposed at a top edge of the frame, and the fourth radiator comprises a second free end, a second feed point and a second ground end which are sequentially disposed; the third signal source is electrically connected with the second feed point so as to excite the fourth radiator to generate a fourth resonance mode supporting a fifth frequency band;

When the electronic equipment is in a folded state, at least part of the fourth radiator and the third radiator or the second radiator are opposite to and coupled with each other in the thickness direction of the electronic equipment, the third radiator or the second radiator coupled with the fourth radiator is a coupled radiator, and the direction of the grounding end of the coupled radiator pointing to the free end is opposite to the direction of the second grounding end pointing to the second free end.

14. The electronic device of claim 13, wherein a free end of the coupling radiator is grounded through a second capacitive element, the coupling radiator and the second capacitive element are equivalent inductances for the fifth frequency band, the coupling radiator and the second capacitive element form an LC resonant circuit, a resonance frequency point of the LC resonant circuit is greater than a resonance frequency point of the fifth frequency band, and the fifth frequency band includes a GPS-L1 frequency band.

15. The electronic device of any one of claims 1-9, 11-12, wherein the bezel comprises a top edge, a first side edge, the bottom edge, and a second side edge connected in sequence; the first side edge comprises a hand holding area, and the distance between the hand holding area and the bottom edge is smaller than or equal to 40mm; the first free end is located the base, the first earthing end is located the first side, the first earthing end is located the handheld region of first side, the first radiator is located at least partial heavy current section under the first resonance mode is located the palm holds the region to form the medium loading under the palm holds, the first free end with distance between the first side is greater than 10mm.

16. The electronic device of any of claims 1-9, 11-12, wherein the first antenna unit comprises a first switch tuning circuit, a second switch tuning circuit, the second antenna unit comprises a third switch tuning circuit, the first switch tuning circuit is electrically connected to the first radiator for switching a sub-band of the first band; the second switch tuning circuit is electrically connected with the first end, the second switch tuning circuit is used for switching sub-frequency bands of the second frequency band, the third switch tuning circuit is electrically connected with the third end of the third radiator, the third switch tuning circuit is used for switching sub-frequency bands of the medium-high frequency band, and the first frequency band, the second frequency band and the medium-high frequency band are independently switched.