CN114079164B

CN114079164B - Antenna and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN114079164B
Application number: CN202110334057.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙乔; 李堃; 郭健; 呼延思雷
Original assignee: Honor Device Co Ltd
Current assignee: Honor Device Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-19
Filing date: 2021-03-29
Publication date: 2022-10-25
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-29
Also published as: CN114079164A

Abstract

The application provides an antenna and electronic equipment relates to electronic equipment technical field, can guarantee to have under the prerequisite of better isolation between the antenna element, dwindles the volume including a plurality of antenna element's antenna. The antenna comprises a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit which are arranged at intervals along a first direction; the first antenna unit comprises a first radiating branch, a first feeding point and a first grounding point, wherein the first radiating branch comprises a first section and a second section, and the first feeding point is used for feeding power to a first part of the first section; the second antenna unit comprises a second radiation branch, a second feeding point and a second grounding point, the second radiation branch comprises a third section and a fourth section, and the second feeding point is used for feeding power to a second part of the third section; the second section and the fourth section have a capacitive coupling effect therebetween. The antenna provided by the embodiment of the application is applied to electronic equipment.

Description

Antenna and electronic equipment

The present application claims priority from the chinese patent application entitled "an antenna and an electronic device" filed by the national intellectual property office at 19/08/2020, application number 202010839220.9, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of electronic equipment, in particular to an antenna and electronic equipment.

Background

In recent years, as electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablet computers, notebooks, base stations, and vehicle-mounted terminals gradually develop toward more optimized functions and smaller sizes, the clearance of antennas in the electronic devices becomes smaller and smaller, and the layout space is more and more limited. Meanwhile, many new communication specifications, such as multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas, dual low-frequency antennas, etc., have appeared, where the antennas include two or more antenna units, and a certain distance needs to be reserved between two adjacent antenna units to ensure the isolation between the antenna units. However, in order to ensure better isolation between the antenna elements, the spacing between the antenna elements is often large, which results in a large volume of the antenna, and the clearance required by the antenna in the electronic device is large, thereby making the antenna unable to be installed in the electronic device with limited internal clearance.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides an antenna and electronic equipment can reduce the interval between the antenna element under the prerequisite of guaranteeing to have better isolation between the antenna element, reduces the volume of antenna to make the antenna can install in the less electronic equipment of inside headroom.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

in a first aspect, some embodiments of the present application provide an antenna including a first antenna element and a second antenna element spaced apart from each other along a first direction.

The first antenna unit comprises a first radiation branch knot, a first feeding point and a first grounding point, wherein a first end and a second end are respectively arranged at two ends of the first radiation branch knot along the length extending direction of the first radiation branch knot, the first grounding point is arranged on the first radiation branch knot, a section of the first radiation branch knot between the first end and the first grounding point is a first section, a section of the first radiation branch knot between the first grounding point and the second end is a second section, the second section is arranged on one side of the first section close to the second antenna unit, the first feeding point is used for feeding power to a first part of the first section, and the first part and the first grounding point are arranged at intervals.

The second antenna unit comprises a second radiation branch node, a second feeding point and a second grounding point, wherein the two ends of the second radiation branch node along the length extending direction of the second radiation branch node are respectively a third end and a fourth end, the second grounding point is arranged on the second radiation branch node, a section of the second radiation branch node between the third end and the second grounding point is a third section, a section of the second radiation branch node between the second grounding point and the fourth end is a fourth section, the fourth section is arranged on one side of the third section close to the first antenna unit, the second feeding point is used for feeding power to a second part of the third section, and the second part and the second grounding point are arranged at intervals.

The second section and the fourth section have a capacitive coupling effect therebetween.

In the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the first ground point is directly connected to the first reference ground through the ground element, and the second ground point is directly connected to the second reference ground through the ground element, the radio frequency signal in the first frequency band is fed to the first feeding point of the first antenna element, and the radio frequency signal in the second frequency band is fed to the second feeding point of the second antenna element, so that the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch can be excited to generate a resonance in a CM mode. In the resonant mode, since the section of the first radiating branch located between the first end and the first grounding point is a first section, the section of the first radiating branch located between the first grounding point and the second end is a second section, and the first feeding point is used for feeding power to the first portion of the first section, the second section is located on the side of the first grounding point far away from the first portion; and since the section of the second radiating branch located between the third end and the second feeding point is the third section, the section of the second radiating branch located between the second feeding point and the fourth end is the fourth section, and the second feeding point is used for feeding power to the second portion of the third section, the fourth section is located on the side of the second grounding point far away from the second portion. On this basis, because the second section is located on the side of the first section close to the second antenna unit, the fourth section is located on the side of the third section close to the first antenna unit, and the second section and the fourth section have a capacitive coupling effect, assuming that a current generated by the first radiation branch due to receiving a signal transmitted by the second radiation branch is a first current, a current generated by the first radiation branch due to the coupling effect of the fourth section and the second section is a second current, the flow direction of the second current is opposite to that of the first current, and the second current can neutralize at least part of the first current, thereby reducing the interference of the second radiation branch on the first radiation branch. Accordingly, assuming that the current generated by the second radiation branch due to receiving the signal transmitted by the first radiation branch is the third current, the current generated by the second radiation branch due to the coupling effect of the second section and the fourth section is the fourth current, the flow direction of the fourth current is opposite to the flow direction of the third current, and the fourth current can neutralize at least part of the third current, thereby reducing the interference of the first radiation branch on the second radiation branch, improving the isolation between the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch in the CM resonance mode, enabling the distance between the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch to be closer, enabling the distance between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit to be closer, and reducing the volume of the antenna, thereby enabling the antenna to be installed in an electronic device with a smaller internal clearance.

Optionally, the first antenna unit further includes a third radiating branch, the third radiating branch is located on a side of the second section far away from the second antenna unit, and one end of the third radiating branch is connected to the second section. Thus, the first antenna unit can excite the first radiating branch to generate the resonance of the CM mode when the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band is fed in, and besides, on the premise that the first grounding point is directly connected with the first reference ground through the grounding piece, if the radio frequency signal of the third frequency band higher than the first frequency band is fed in to the first feeding point of the first antenna unit, the first radiating branch and the third radiating branch can be excited to generate the resonance of the DM mode; if a radio frequency signal of a fifth frequency band higher than the third frequency band is fed to the first feeding point of the first antenna unit, the third radiation branch can be excited to generate a resonance of a CM mode, and the first radiation branch and the third radiation branch generate a resonance of the CM mode; if a radio frequency signal of a seventh frequency band higher than the third frequency band is fed to the first feeding point of the first antenna element, the first radiating branch and the third radiating branch can be excited to generate triple frequency resonance of the DM mode. Thereby enabling a substantial increase in the bandwidth of the first antenna element.

Optionally, the second antenna unit further includes a fourth radiation branch, the fourth radiation branch is located on a side of the fourth section away from the first antenna unit, and one end of the fourth radiation branch is connected to the fourth section. In this way, the second antenna unit, except for being capable of exciting the second radiating branch to generate a resonance in the CM mode when the radio frequency signal in the second frequency band is fed in, can excite the second radiating branch and the fourth radiating branch to generate a resonance in the DM mode if the radio frequency signal in the fourth frequency band higher than the second frequency band is fed in to the second feeding point of the second antenna unit on the premise that the second grounding point is directly connected to the second reference ground through the grounding member; if a radio frequency signal of a sixth frequency band higher than the fourth frequency band is fed to the second feeding point of the second antenna unit, the fourth radiation branch can be excited to generate a resonance of a CM mode, and the second radiation branch and the fourth radiation branch generate a resonance of the CM mode; if a radio frequency signal of an eighth frequency band higher than the fourth frequency band is fed to the second feeding point of the second antenna unit, the second radiation branch and the fourth radiation branch may be excited to generate triple-frequency resonance in the DM mode. This can significantly increase the bandwidth of the second antenna element.

Optionally, the first antenna unit further includes a first decoupling branch located on one side of the second section close to the second antenna unit, and one end of the first decoupling branch is connected to the second section; the second antenna unit further comprises a second decoupling branch, the second decoupling branch is located on one side, close to the first antenna unit, of the fourth section, and one end of the second decoupling branch is connected with the fourth section; the first decoupling branch and the second decoupling branch have a capacitive coupling effect. Therefore, under the DM resonance mode generated by the first radiation branch and the third radiation branch and the DM resonance mode generated by the second radiation branch and the fourth radiation branch, the first decoupling branch and the second decoupling branch are capacitively coupled, so that the current generated by the first antenna unit under the coupling action of the first decoupling branch and the second decoupling branch is opposite to the current generated by the first antenna unit due to the reception of the signal transmitted by the second antenna unit, and at least part of the current can be neutralized, thereby reducing the interference of the second antenna unit on the first antenna unit. Correspondingly, the first decoupling branch and the second decoupling branch are capacitively coupled, so that the current generated by the second antenna unit under the coupling action of the first decoupling branch and the second decoupling branch is opposite to the current generated by the second antenna unit for receiving the signal transmitted by the first antenna unit in direction, and at least part of the current can be neutralized, thereby reducing the interference of the first antenna unit on the second antenna unit. Therefore, the isolation between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit under the DM resonance mode of the first radiation branch and the third radiation branch and the isolation between the second radiation branch and the fourth radiation branch under the DM resonance mode of the second radiation branch and the fourth radiation branch are improved.

Optionally, the location of the second section that meets the first decoupling branch is located close to the location of the second section that meets the third radiating branch. Therefore, the first antenna unit can generate larger current due to the coupling action of the first decoupling branch and the second decoupling branch, so that the current generated by the first antenna unit due to the reception of the signal transmitted by the second antenna unit is neutralized to a greater extent, and the interference of the second antenna unit on the first antenna unit is further reduced.

Optionally, the portion of the fourth section that meets the second decoupling branch is disposed proximate to the portion of the fourth section that meets the fourth radiation branch. In this way, the second antenna unit can generate a larger current due to the coupling effect of the first decoupling branch and the second decoupling branch, so as to neutralize the current generated by the second antenna unit due to the reception of the signal transmitted by the first antenna unit to a greater extent, thereby further reducing the interference of the first antenna unit on the second antenna unit.

Optionally, a width of the gap between the second section and the fourth section is less than 1/5 times a width of the antenna in the first direction. In this way, the gap width between the second section and the fourth section is small, the distance between the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch is small, the distance between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit is small, and the volume of the antenna is small, so that the antenna can be installed in an electronic device with small internal clearance.

Optionally, the first feeding point coincides with the first location and the second feeding point coincides with the second location.

Optionally, the first antenna unit further includes a first feeding branch, the first feeding point is located on the first feeding branch, and the first feeding branch is coupled to the first portion.

Optionally, the second antenna unit further includes a second feeding branch, the second feeding point is located on the second feeding branch, and the second feeding branch is coupled to the second portion.

In a second aspect, some embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, where the electronic device includes a first rf front end, a second rf front end, a first reference ground, a second reference ground, and an antenna, where the antenna is an antenna according to any of the above technical solutions, a first feeding point of the antenna is electrically connected to the first rf front end, a second feeding point of the antenna is electrically connected to the second rf front end, a first ground point of the antenna is electrically connected to the first reference ground, and a second ground point of the antenna is electrically connected to the second reference ground.

Since the antenna used in the electronic device of the embodiment of the present application is the same as the antenna described in any of the above technical solutions, both can solve the same technical problem and achieve the same intended effect.

Optionally, a first switching circuit is connected in series between the first ground point and the first reference ground, and the first switching circuit is configured to switch and change an electrical length of a first antenna element of the antenna; and a second switching circuit is connected between the second grounding point and the second reference ground in series and used for switching and changing the electrical length of a second antenna unit of the antenna. Therefore, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can be switched between different working frequency bands, and the application range of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit is enlarged.

Optionally, the first switching circuit comprises a first switch and a plurality of first tuning elements. Plural means two or more than three. The first tuning element is for tuning an electrical length of the first antenna element. The first tuning element may be a capacitive element, an inductive element or a capacitive or inductive element in parallel or in series. The capacitive element or the inductive element connected in parallel or in series is that the first tuning element may be a plurality of capacitive elements arranged in series or in parallel, a plurality of inductive elements connected in series or in parallel, or the capacitive element and the inductive element may be connected together in series or in parallel. The plurality of first tuning elements may be different types of structures in a capacitive element, an inductive element, or a capacitive element or an inductive element connected in parallel or in series, or may also be the same type of structures in a capacitive element, an inductive element, or a capacitive element or an inductive element connected in parallel or in series, but with different specifications and sizes. The first grounding point is electrically connected with one end of the first selector switch, the other end of the first selector switch is switchably electrically connected with one end of each first tuning element, and the other ends of the plurality of first tuning elements are electrically connected with the first reference ground. The structure is simple and easy to realize.

Optionally, the first switching circuit comprises a first switch, a first ground and at least one first tuning element. At least one means one or a number of two or more. The first tuning element is for tuning an electrical length of the first antenna element. The first tuning element may be a capacitive element, an inductive element or a capacitive element or an inductive element in parallel or in series. The capacitance elements or inductance elements connected in parallel or in series are that the first tuning element may be a plurality of capacitance elements arranged in series or in parallel, a plurality of inductance elements connected in series or in parallel, or the capacitance elements and the inductance elements may be connected together in series or in parallel. The plurality of first tuning elements may be different types of structures in a capacitive element, an inductive element, or a capacitive element or an inductive element connected in parallel or in series, or may also be the same type of structures in a capacitive element, an inductive element, or a capacitive element or an inductive element connected in parallel or in series but with different specifications and sizes, and are not limited specifically herein. The first grounding piece is used for realizing the direct connection between the first grounding point and the first reference ground, and the first grounding piece can be a grounding elastic sheet or a grounding lead. The first grounding point is electrically connected with one end of the first selector switch, the other end of the first selector switch is switchably electrically connected with one end of the first grounding piece or one end of each first tuning element, and the other end of the first grounding piece and the other end of the at least one first tuning element are both electrically connected with the first reference ground. The structure is simple and easy to realize.

Optionally, the first reference ground is the same reference ground as the second reference ground; the electronic equipment further comprises a third switching circuit, wherein the first grounding point and the second grounding point are both electrically connected with the reference ground through the third switching circuit, and the third switching circuit is used for simultaneously switching and changing the electrical lengths of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit of the antenna. Thus, the electronic equipment comprises fewer parts, and the miniaturization design of the electronic equipment is facilitated.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an electronic device provided by some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 2a is a block diagram of the internal structure of the electronic device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of a conventional front structure of an antenna in the electronic device shown in FIG. 2 a;

fig. 2c is a schematic diagram of a back structure of the antenna shown in fig. 2 b;

FIGS. 2d and 2e are schematic diagrams of two other conventional structures of an antenna in the electronic device shown in FIG. 2 a;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in some embodiments of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first antenna element in the antenna shown in fig. 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second antenna unit in the antenna shown in fig. 3;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to further embodiments of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first antenna element in the antenna shown in fig. 6;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second antenna element in the antenna shown in fig. 6;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to further embodiments of the present application;

fig. 10 is a return loss coefficient curve of the first antenna element and the second antenna element and an isolation curve between the first antenna element and the second antenna element when the first grounding point and the second grounding point are directly connected to the first reference ground and the second reference ground respectively through the grounding member of the antenna shown in fig. 9;

fig. 11 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna element at the resonance point A1 in the antenna shown in fig. 9;

fig. 12 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna element at the resonance point B1 in the antenna shown in fig. 9;

fig. 13 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna element of the antenna shown in fig. 9 at the resonance point C1 and phase 1;

fig. 14 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna element of the antenna of fig. 9 at the resonance point C1 and phase 2;

fig. 15 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna element at the resonance point D1 in the antenna shown in fig. 9;

fig. 16a is a directional diagram of a first antenna element at resonance point A1 in the antenna of fig. 9;

fig. 16b is a directional diagram of the second antenna element at resonance point A2 in the antenna of fig. 9;

fig. 17a is a directional diagram of a first antenna element at resonance point B1 in the antenna of fig. 9;

fig. 17B is a pattern of the second antenna element at resonance point B2 of the antenna of fig. 9;

fig. 18a is a directional diagram of a first antenna element at resonance point C1 in the antenna of fig. 9;

fig. 18b is a pattern of the second antenna element at resonance point C2 of the antenna of fig. 9;

fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of the antenna shown in fig. 9 when the first grounding point is connected to the first reference ground through the first tuning element, and the second grounding point is connected to the second reference ground through the second tuning element;

fig. 20 is a graph of the input return loss coefficient of the first and second antenna elements and the isolation between the first and second antenna elements of the antenna of fig. 19;

fig. 21 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna element at the resonance point E1 in the antenna shown in fig. 19;

fig. 22 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna element of the antenna shown in fig. 19 at the resonance point F1 and phase 1;

fig. 23 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna element of the antenna of fig. 19 at the resonance point F1 and phase 2;

fig. 24 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna element at the resonance point G1 in the antenna shown in fig. 19;

fig. 25a is a directional diagram of a first antenna element at resonance point E1 in the antenna of fig. 19;

fig. 25b is a pattern of the second antenna element at resonance point E2 in the antenna of fig. 19;

fig. 26a is a directional diagram of the first antenna element at resonance point F1 in the antenna of fig. 19;

fig. 26b is a pattern diagram of the second antenna element at resonance point F2 in the antenna of fig. 19;

fig. 27a is a directional diagram of a first antenna element at resonance point G1 in the antenna of fig. 19;

fig. 27b is a pattern of the second antenna element at resonance point G2 in the antenna of fig. 19;

fig. 28 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the antenna shown in fig. 9 when the first grounding point is connected to the first reference ground through the first tuning element, and the second grounding point is connected to the second reference ground through the second tuning element;

fig. 29 is a graph of the input return loss coefficient of the first and second antenna elements and the isolation between the first and second antenna elements of the antenna of fig. 28;

fig. 30 is a graph of the efficiency of the first and second antenna elements of the antenna of fig. 9 when grounded directly, through a 0.3pF capacitor, and through a 3nH inductor;

fig. 31 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna shown in fig. 9 when the first grounding point is connected to the first reference ground through the first switching circuit, and the second grounding point is connected to the second reference ground through the second switching circuit;

fig. 32 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating the antenna shown in fig. 9 when the first grounding point is connected to the first reference ground through the first switching circuit, and the second grounding point is connected to the second reference ground through the second switching circuit;

FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the antenna shown in FIG. 9 when the first ground point is connected to the first reference ground through the first switching circuit, and the second ground point is connected to the second reference ground through the second switching circuit;

fig. 34 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna shown in fig. 9 when the first feeding branch is coupled to the first radiating branch only and the second feeding branch is coupled to the second radiating branch only;

fig. 35 is a graph of input return loss coefficients of the first and second antenna elements and an isolation between the first and second antenna elements for the antenna of fig. 34 when the first and second grounding points are directly connected to a reference ground;

fig. 36 is a graph of the input return loss coefficients of the first and second antenna elements and the isolation between the first and second antenna elements for the antenna of fig. 34 when the first and second ground points are connected to ground by a 0.3pF capacitor;

fig. 37 is a graph of the input return loss coefficients of the first and second antenna elements and the isolation between the first and second antenna elements for the antenna of fig. 34 when the first and second grounding points are inductively coupled to a reference ground by 3 nH;

fig. 38 is a schematic structural view of the antenna shown in fig. 9 when the first feeding point is overlapped with the first portion and the second feeding point is overlapped with the second portion;

fig. 39 is a graph of input return loss coefficients of the first and second antenna elements and an isolation between the first and second antenna elements for the antenna of fig. 38 when the first and second ground points are directly connected to a reference ground;

fig. 40 is a graph of the input return loss coefficients of the first and second antenna elements and the isolation between the first and second antenna elements for the antenna of fig. 38 when the first and second ground points are connected to ground by a 0.3pF capacitor;

fig. 41 is a graph of input return loss coefficients of the first and second antenna elements and an isolation between the first and second antenna elements for the antenna of fig. 38 when the first and second grounding points are inductively coupled to a reference ground by 3 nH;

fig. 42 is a schematic structural view of the antenna shown in fig. 9 without the first decoupling stub and the second decoupling stub;

fig. 43 is a graph of input return loss coefficients of the first and second antenna elements and an isolation between the first and second antenna elements in the antenna of fig. 42 when the first and second grounding points are directly connected to a reference ground;

fig. 44-48 are schematic structural diagrams of a first antenna element of 5 antennas according to further embodiments of the present application;

fig. 49-54 are schematic structural diagrams of a first antenna element of 6 antennas according to further embodiments of the present application.

Reference numerals:

1-an electronic device; 11-a housing; 12-an antenna; 121-a first antenna element; 1211-a first radiating branch; 1211 a-a first segment; 1211 b-a second segment; 1212-first feeding branch; 1213-third radial branch; 1214-a first decoupling branch; 122-a second antenna element; 1221-second radiation minor; 1221 a-a third section; 1221 b-a fourth section; 1222-a second feed branch; 1223-fourth radiation minor matters; 1224-second decoupling branch; 13-a first radio frequency front end; 14-a second radio frequency front end; 15-first reference ground; 16-a second reference ground; 17-a first tuning element; 18-a second tuning element; 19-a first switching circuit; 191-a changeover switch; 192-a tuning element; 193 — a first ground; 20-a second switching circuit; 21-third switching circuit.

Detailed Description

In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", "third", "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

In the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the term "electrically connected" is to be understood in a broad sense, and for example, the current conduction may be realized by a direct connection, or the electric energy conduction may be realized by a capacitive coupling. The term "coupled" means that electrical energy conduction is achieved by means of capacitive coupling, and the term "connected" means that they are in contact with each other to achieve electrical energy conduction.

The present application provides an electronic device, which includes but is not limited to a mobile phone, a notebook computer, a palmtop computer, a desktop computer, a base station, a Portable Media Player (PMP), a navigation device, a wearable device, a smart band, a pedometer, and a digital television. In the following embodiments, the electronic device 1 is described as an example of a mobile phone as shown in fig. 1, which should not be construed as a specific limitation to the configuration of the present application.

On this basis, the electronic apparatus 1 includes a housing 11. The material of the housing 11 includes, but is not limited to, plastic, ceramic, glass, and metal. The housing 11 is used to protect the internal circuit of the electronic device 1 from water and dust. In some embodiments, the electronic device 1 is a mobile phone, a palm top computer or a digital television, and the housing 11 is a back shell. In other embodiments, the electronic device 1 is a base station or PMP and the housing 11 is a closed housing whole.

Fig. 2a is a block diagram of the internal structure of the electronic device shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 2a, the electronic device 1 further comprises an antenna 12, a first radio frequency front end 13, a second radio frequency front end 14, a first reference ground 15 and a second reference ground 16.

The antenna 12 is disposed in the housing 11 or on a frame of the electronic device 1. When the antenna 12 is disposed in the housing 11, the antenna 12 may be in the form of a Flexible Printed Circuit (FPC), a Printed Circuit Board (PCB), a laser-direct-structuring (LDS), or a microstrip antenna (MDA), which is not particularly limited herein. The antenna 12 includes a first antenna element 121 and a second antenna element 122. The first antenna unit 121 and the second antenna unit 122 are both configured to radiate radio frequency signals to the outside or receive radio frequency signals of the outside, so that the electronic device 1 can implement communication of two paths of signals with the outside through the first antenna unit 121 and the second antenna unit 122.

The first rf front end 13 is disposed in the housing 11. The first rf front end 13 may be integrated on a motherboard in the electronic device, or may be independent from the motherboard, and is not limited in this respect. The first rf front end 13 is electrically connected to the first antenna unit 121, and the first rf front end 13 is configured to feed an rf signal to the first antenna unit 121 or receive an external rf signal received by the first antenna unit 121. In some embodiments, the first rf front end 13 includes a transmit path and a receive path. The transmitting path includes devices such as a power amplifier and a filter, and the signals are subjected to power amplification, filtering and other processing by the devices such as the power amplifier and the filter, transmitted to the first antenna unit 121, and transmitted to the outside through the first antenna unit 121; the receiving path includes devices such as a low noise amplifier and a filter, and the external signal received by the first antenna unit 121 is subjected to low noise amplification, filtering, and the like by the devices such as the low noise amplifier and the filter, and then transmitted to the radio frequency chip, so that the electronic device 1 and the external signal are communicated by the first radio frequency front end 13 and the first antenna unit 121.

The second rf front end 14 is disposed in the housing 11. The second rf front end 14 may be integrated on a motherboard in the electronic device, or may be independent from the motherboard, and is not limited in this respect. The second rf front end 14 is connected to the second antenna unit 122, and the second rf front end 14 is configured to feed rf signals to the second antenna unit 122 or receive external rf signals received by the second antenna unit 122. In some embodiments, the second radio frequency front end 14 includes a transmit path and a receive path. The transmitting path includes devices such as a power amplifier and a filter, and the signals are subjected to power amplification, filtering and other processing by the devices such as the power amplifier and the filter, transmitted to the second antenna unit 122, and transmitted to the outside through the second antenna unit 122; the receiving path includes devices such as a low noise amplifier and a filter, and the external signal received by the second antenna unit 122 is subjected to low noise amplification, filtering, and the like by the devices such as the low noise amplifier and the filter, and then transmitted to the radio frequency chip, so that the electronic device 1 communicates with another external signal by the second radio frequency front end 14 and the second antenna unit 122.

The first ground reference 15 is electrically connected to the first antenna unit 121, and the second ground reference 16 is electrically connected to the second antenna unit 122. The first reference ground 15 and the second reference ground 16 may be disposed in the housing 11, and when the housing 11 is a metal housing, the first reference ground 15 and the second reference ground 16 may also be the housing 11, which is not limited in detail herein. When the first reference ground 15 and the second reference ground 16 are disposed in the housing 11, the first reference ground 15 and the second reference ground 16 may be a metal reference ground layer of a main board in the electronic device, and may also be a middle frame in the electronic device, which is not specifically limited herein. The first reference ground 15 and the second reference ground 16 may be the same reference ground or different reference grounds, and are not particularly limited herein.

In general, a certain distance is required to be reserved between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 to ensure isolation between the antenna elements. However, in order to ensure better isolation between the antenna elements, the spacing between the antenna elements is often large, which results in a large volume of the antenna, and the clearance required by the antenna in the electronic device is large, thereby making the antenna unable to be installed in the electronic device with limited internal clearance.

In order to avoid the above problems, most of the spatial multiplexing multi-antenna schemes in the industry use orthogonal polarization characteristics to arrange two antenna units with the same frequency in the same space. The isolation of the two antenna elements is generally high in this scheme. However, in order to generate orthogonal polarization modes, it is usually necessary to perform differential feeding at the feeding end, or to lay out the antenna elements in different planes.

Referring to fig. 2b and fig. 2c, fig. 2b is a schematic diagram of a conventional front structure of the antenna in the electronic device shown in fig. 2a, and fig. 2c is a schematic diagram of a rear structure of the antenna shown in fig. 2 b. In the present embodiment, two orthogonal antenna patterns are formed by disposing a slot antenna (i.e., the first antenna element 121) on the front side of the printed circuit board 01 and disposing a monopole antenna (i.e., the second antenna element 122) on the back side of the printed circuit board 01, so as to improve the isolation between the antenna elements of the same frequency.

Referring to fig. 2d and fig. 2e, fig. 2d and fig. 2e are schematic diagrams of two other conventional structures of the antenna in the electronic device shown in fig. 2 a. In this embodiment, two feeding points are provided, where the feeding point 1 is fed in a common mode and the feeding point 2 is fed in a differential mode, so as to generate two mutually orthogonal antenna modes, thereby improving the isolation between the two antennas.

Because the antenna schemes shown in fig. 2b and fig. 2c need to utilize the routing spaces of the antenna units on different surfaces, it is difficult to implement the antenna schemes in the architectures such as mobile phones. In the antenna schemes shown in fig. 2d and 2e, the differential feeding is complex in implementation form, and is difficult to implement on architectures such as a mobile phone.

To avoid the above problem, please refer to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to some embodiments of the present application. In the present embodiment, the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 are arranged at intervals along the first direction (i.e., the direction X in fig. 3).

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the first antenna element 121 in the antenna shown in fig. 3. As shown in fig. 4, the first antenna element 121 includes a first radiating branch 1211, a first feeding point a, and a first grounding point B. The two ends of the first radiation branch 1211 along the extending direction of the length thereof are a first end a1 and a second end g1, respectively. The first grounding point B is disposed on the first radiation branch 1211, a section of the first radiation branch 1211 located between the first end a1 and the first grounding point B is a first section 1211a, and a section of the first radiation branch 1211 located between the first grounding point B and the second end g1 is a second section 1211B. The second section 1211b is located on a side of the first section 1211a close to the second antenna unit 122. The first feeding point a is used for feeding power to a first portion h1 of the first section 1211a, and the first portion h1 is spaced apart from the first ground point B.

The extending direction of the first section 1211a may be a linear direction, a planar polygonal line direction, or a three-dimensional polygonal line direction, and fig. 4 only shows an example of the three-dimensional polygonal line direction in which the extending direction of the first section 1211a is a1-b1-c1-d1-e1, and is not to be considered as a specific limitation on the extending direction of the first section 1211 a. In the first antenna unit shown in fig. 4, the sections a1-b1 extend in a direction away from the second antenna unit 122, the distances between any positions on the sections b1-c1-d1 and the second antenna unit 122 in the first direction are equal, and the sections d1-e1 extend in a direction close to the second antenna unit 122. In this way, the first section 1211a has a U-shaped structure opening toward the second antenna unit 122, which can ensure the electrical length of the first section 1211a and reduce the occupied width of the first section 1211a in the first direction, thereby reducing the headroom required by the first antenna unit 121 in the electronic device.

The length extension direction of the second section 1211b may be a linear direction, a planar polygonal line direction, or a three-dimensional polygonal line direction, and fig. 4 only shows an example of the planar polygonal line direction perpendicular to the first direction in which the length extension direction of the second section 1211b is e1-f1-g1, and is not to be considered as a specific limitation on the length extension direction of the second section 1211b. In the first antenna element 121 shown in fig. 4, the distance between any position on the segment e1-f1-g1 and the second antenna element 122 in the first direction is equal, i.e. the extending path of e1-f1-g1 is parallel to the plane perpendicular to the first direction. In this way, the occupied width of the second section 1211b in the first direction can be reduced, thereby reducing the headroom required by the first antenna unit 121 within the electronic device.

The first feeding point a is electrically connected to the first rf front end 13, so that the signal generated by the first rf front end 13 can be transmitted to the first portion h1 of the first section 1211a through the first feeding point a, then transmitted to the first radiation branch 1211 from the first portion h1, and finally transmitted to the outside through the first radiation branch 1211. Alternatively, the external signal received by the first radiation branch 1211 is transmitted to the first feeding point a through the first portion h1, and further transmitted from the first feeding point a to the first rf front end 13. It should be noted that the first feeding point a in the present application is not an actual point, and a position where the first rf front end 13 is connected to the first antenna element 121 is the first feeding point a in the embodiment of the present application.

The first portion h1 may be any position on the first section 1211 a. For example, for the first section 1211a in the first antenna unit shown in fig. 4, the first location h1 may be a certain position on the sections a1 to b1, a certain position on the sections b1 to c1 to d1, a certain position on the sections d1 to e1, an intersection position between the sections a1 to b1 and the sections b1 to c1 to d1, or an intersection position between the sections b1 to c1 to d1 and the sections d1 to e 1. Fig. 4 only shows an example of a position where the first portion h1 is a segment d1-e1 near the end d1, and should not be considered as a special limitation to the present application.

The first feeding point a may coincide with the first portion h1, that is, the first rf front end 13 is directly electrically connected to the first portion h 1. The first feeding point a may also be disposed on the feeding branch, and is directly connected or coupled with the first portion h1 through the feeding branch. Fig. 4 only shows an example that the first feeding point a is disposed on the first feeding branch 1212 and is coupled to the first portion h1 through the first feeding branch 1212, and is not to be considered as a specific limitation to the present application.

The first grounding point B is used for electrically connecting with the first reference ground 15. Optionally, the first grounding point B may be directly connected to the first reference ground 15 through a grounding member such as a grounding elastic piece or a grounding wire, that is, the first grounding point B is electrically connected to one end of the grounding member, and the other end of the grounding member is electrically connected to the first reference ground 15. It should be noted that the first grounding point B in the present application is not an actual point, and a position where the first reference ground 15 is connected to the first portion is the first grounding point B.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second antenna unit in the antenna shown in fig. 3. As shown in fig. 5, the second antenna element 122 includes a second radiating branch 1221, a second feeding point C, and a second grounding point D. The two ends of the second radiation branch 1221 along the extending direction of the length thereof are respectively a third end a2 and a fourth end g2. The second grounding point D is disposed on the second radiating branch 1221, and a section of the second radiating branch 1221 located between the third end a2 and the second grounding point D is a third section 1221a, and a section of the second radiating branch 1221 located between the second grounding point D and the fourth end g2 is a fourth section 1221b. The fourth section 1221b is located on a side of the third section 1221a close to the first antenna element 121. The second feeding point C is used to feed power to a second portion h2 of the third section 1221a, and the second portion h2 is spaced apart from the second grounding point D.

The extending direction of the length of the third segment 1221a may be a linear direction, a planar broken line direction, or a three-dimensional broken line direction, and fig. 5 only shows an example of the three-dimensional broken line direction in which the extending direction of the length of the third segment 1221a is a2-b2-c2-d2-e2, and is not to be considered as a special limitation to the extending direction of the length of the third segment 1221 a. In the second antenna element shown in fig. 5, the sections a2-b2 extend away from the first antenna element 121, the distance between any position on the sections b2-c2-d2 and the first antenna element 121 in the first direction is equal, and the sections d2-e2 extend toward the first antenna element 121. In this way, the third section 1221a is in a U-shaped structure opening toward the first antenna unit 121, and this structure can reduce the occupied width of the third section 1221a in the first direction while ensuring the electrical length of the third section 1221a, so as to reduce the headroom required by the second antenna unit 122 in the electronic device.

The longitudinal extension direction of the fourth segment 1221b may be a linear direction, a planar polygonal line direction, or a three-dimensional polygonal line direction, and fig. 5 only shows an example of the three-dimensional polygonal line direction in which the longitudinal extension direction of the fourth segment 1221b is e2-f2-g2, and is not to be considered as a specific limitation to the longitudinal extension direction of the fourth segment 1221b. In the second antenna element shown in fig. 5, the distance between any position on the segment e2-f2-g2 and the first antenna element 121 in the first direction is equal, i.e. the extending path of e2-f2-g2 is parallel to the plane perpendicular to the first direction. In this way, the occupied width of the fourth section 1221b in the first direction can be reduced, thereby reducing the headroom required for the second antenna unit 122 within the electronic device.

The second feeding point C is electrically connected to the second rf front end 14, so that a signal generated by the second rf front end 14 can be transmitted to the second portion h2 of the third section 1221a through the second feeding point C, then transmitted to the second radiation branch 1221 through the second portion h2, and finally transmitted to the outside through the second radiation branch 1221. Or, the external signal received by the second radiation branch 1221 is transmitted to the second feeding point C through the second portion h2, and further transmitted to the second rf front end 14 through the second feeding point C. It should be noted that the second feeding point C in the present application is not an actual point, and the position where the second rf front end 14 is connected to the second antenna unit 122 is referred to as the second feeding point C in the present application.

The second portion h2 may be any position on the third section 1221 a. For example, for the third segment 1221a in the second antenna unit shown in fig. 5, the second location h2 may be a certain position on the a2-b2 segment, a certain position on the b2-c2-d2 segment, a certain position on the d2-e2 segment, an intersection position of the a2-b2 segment and the b2-c2-d2 segment, or an intersection position of the b2-c2-d2 segment and the d2-e2 segment. Fig. 5 shows only an example of the middle position of the section d2-e2 of the second portion h2, and is not to be considered as a specific limitation to the present application.

The second feeding point C may coincide with the second portion h2, that is, the second rf front end 14 is directly electrically connected to the second portion h 2. The second feeding point C may also be disposed on the feeding branch, and is directly connected or coupled with the second portion h2 through the feeding branch. Fig. 5 shows only an example that the second feeding point C is disposed on the second feeding branch 1222 and coupled to the second location h2 through the second feeding branch 1222, and is not considered to be a specific limitation to the present application.

The second grounding point D is electrically connected to the second ground reference 16. Alternatively, the second grounding point D may be directly connected to the second reference ground 16 through a grounding member such as a grounding spring or a grounding wire, that is, the second grounding point D is electrically connected to one end of the grounding member, and the other end of the grounding member is electrically connected to the second reference ground 16. It should be noted that the second grounding point D in the present application is not an actual point, and a position where the second reference ground 16 is connected to the second portion is the second grounding point D.

As shown in fig. 3, the whole of the second section 1211b is parallel or approximately parallel to the whole of the fourth section 1221b, or a part of the second section 1211b is parallel or approximately parallel to the whole of the fourth section 1221b, or the whole of the second section 1211b is parallel or approximately parallel to the part of the fourth section 1221b, or the part of the second section 1211b is parallel or approximately parallel to the part of the fourth section 1221b, and there is a capacitive coupling effect between the second section 1211b and the fourth section 1221b.

Thus, when the first grounding point B is directly connected to the first reference ground 15 through the grounding member, and the second grounding point D is directly connected to the second reference ground 16 through the grounding member, the rf signal of the first frequency band is fed to the first feeding point a of the first antenna unit 121, and the rf signal of the second frequency band is fed to the second feeding point C of the second antenna unit 122, so that the first radiation branch 1211 and the second radiation branch 1221 can be excited to generate a CM mode resonance. In the resonant mode, since the section of the first radiation branch 1211 located between the first end a1 and the first ground point B is the first section 1211a, the section of the first radiation branch 1211 located between the first ground point B and the second end g1 is the second section 1211B, and the first feeding point a is used for feeding power to the first portion h1 of the first section 1211a, the second section 1211B is located on the side of the first ground point B away from the first portion h 1; since the section of the second radiating branch 1221 between the third end a2 and the second feeding point C is a third section 1221a, the section of the second radiating branch 1221 between the second feeding point C and the fourth end g2 is a fourth section 1221b, and the second feeding point C is used for feeding power to the second portion h2 of the third section 1221a, the fourth section 1221b is located on the side of the second grounding point D away from the second portion h 2. On this basis, since the second section 1211b is located on the side of the first section 1211a close to the second antenna unit 122, the fourth section 1221b is located on the side of the third section 1221a close to the first antenna unit 121, and a capacitive coupling effect exists between the second section 1211b and the fourth section 1221b, it is assumed that a current generated by the first radiation branch 1211 due to receiving a signal transmitted by the second radiation branch 1221 is a first current, a current generated by the first radiation branch 1211 due to the coupling effect of the fourth section 1221b and the second section 1211b is a second current, the flow direction of the second current is opposite to the flow direction of the first current, and the second current can neutralize at least a part of the first current, thereby reducing interference of the second radiation branch 1221 on the first radiation branch 1211. Accordingly, it is assumed that the current generated by the second radiation branch 1221 due to receiving the signal transmitted by the first radiation branch 1211 is a third current, the current generated by the second radiation branch 1221 due to the coupling effect of the second section 1211b and the fourth section 1221b is a fourth current, the flow direction of the fourth current is opposite to the flow direction of the third current, and the fourth current can neutralize at least part of the third current, so that the interference of the first radiation branch 1211 on the second radiation branch 1221 is reduced, and the isolation between the first radiation branch 1211 and the second radiation branch 1221 in the CM resonance mode is improved, so that the distance between the first radiation branch 1211 and the second radiation branch 1221 can be closer, and the distance between the first antenna unit 121 and the second antenna unit 122 can be closer, so as to reduce the volume of the antenna 12, and thus the antenna 12 can be installed in an electronic device with a smaller interior space.

In the above embodiment, optionally, the width of the gap between the second section 1211b and the fourth section 1221b is less than 1/5 times the width of the antenna in the first direction. Thus, the width of the gap between the second section 1211b and the fourth section 1221b is small, the distance between the first radiation branch 1211 and the second radiation branch 1221 is small, the distance between the first antenna unit 121 and the second antenna unit 122 is small, and the size of the antenna 12 is small, so that the antenna 12 can be installed in an electronic device with small internal clearance.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to still other embodiments of the present application. As shown in fig. 6, the antenna includes a first antenna element 121 and a second antenna element 122, and the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 are arranged at intervals along a first direction (i.e., a direction X in fig. 3).

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first antenna element in the antenna shown in fig. 6. The first antenna element shown in fig. 7 is formed by adding a third radiating branch 1213 to the first antenna element shown in fig. 4. Specifically, the first antenna unit 121 further includes a third radiation branch 1213, the third radiation branch 1213 is located on a side of the second section 1211b away from the second antenna unit 122, and one end of the third radiation branch 1213 is connected to the second section 1211b. The first feeding point a is disposed on the first feeding branch 1212 and is coupled and connected to the first portion h1 through the first feeding branch 1212, and the first feeding branch 1212 is further coupled and connected to the third portion h3 of the third radiating branch 1213, of course, the first feeding branch 1212 may be coupled and connected to the first portion h1 only and not coupled and connected to the third radiating branch 1213, and the first feeding point a may also be overlapped with the first portion h1 only, which is not limited specifically herein.

The length extending direction of the third radiating branch 1213 may be a linear direction, a planar broken line direction, or a three-dimensional broken line direction, and fig. 7 only shows an example of the three-dimensional broken line direction in which the length extending direction of the third radiating branch 1213 is i1-j1-k1-l1, and is not to be considered as a specific limitation on the length extending direction of the third radiating branch 1213.

In this way, the first antenna unit 121 can excite the first radiating branch 1211 to generate a CM mode resonance when the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band is fed, and can excite the first radiating branch 1211 and the third radiating branch 1213 to generate a DM mode resonance when the radio frequency signal of the third frequency band higher than the first frequency band is fed to the first feeding point a of the first antenna unit 121 on the premise that the first grounding point B is directly connected to the first reference ground 15 through the grounding member; if a rf signal in a fifth frequency band higher than the third frequency band is fed to the first feeding point a of the first antenna unit 121, the third radiation branch 1213 may be excited to generate a CM mode resonance, and the first radiation branch 1211 and the third radiation branch 1213 may generate a CM mode resonance; if a rf signal in a seventh frequency band higher than the third frequency band is fed to the first feeding point a of the first antenna element 121, the first radiation branch 1211 and the third radiation branch 1213 may be excited to generate triple frequency resonance in the DM mode. Thereby enabling a substantial increase in the bandwidth of the first antenna element 121.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the second antenna unit 122 in the antenna shown in fig. 6. The second antenna element 122 shown in fig. 8 is added with a fourth radiating branch 1223 to the second antenna element shown in fig. 5. Specifically, the second antenna unit 122 further includes a fourth radiation branch 1223, the fourth radiation branch 1223 is located at a side of the fourth section 1221b away from the first antenna unit 121, and one end of the fourth radiation branch 1223 is connected to the fourth section 1221b. The second feeding point C is disposed on the second feeding branch 1222 and coupled to the second portion h2 through the second feeding branch 1222, and the second feeding branch 1222 is further coupled to the fourth portion h4 of the fourth radiation branch 1223, of course, the second feeding branch 1222 may be coupled to only the second portion h2 and not coupled to the fourth radiation branch 1223, and the second feeding point C may also be overlapped with only the second portion h2, which is not limited in this respect.

The length extending direction of the fourth radiation branch 1223 may be a linear direction, a planar broken line direction, or a three-dimensional broken line direction, and fig. 8 only shows an example of the three-dimensional broken line direction in which the length extending direction of the fourth radiation branch 1223 is i2-j2-k2-l2, and is not to be considered as a specific limitation to the length extending direction of the fourth radiation branch 1223.

In this way, the second antenna unit 122 can excite the second radiation branch 1221 to generate a CM mode resonance when the radio frequency signal of the second frequency band is fed in, and in addition, on the premise that the second grounding point D is directly connected to the second reference ground 16 through the grounding member, if the radio frequency signal of the fourth frequency band higher than the second frequency band is fed in to the second feeding point C of the second antenna unit 122, the second radiation branch 1221 and the fourth radiation branch 1223 can be excited to generate a DM mode resonance; if a radio frequency signal of a sixth frequency band higher than the fourth frequency band is fed to the second feeding point C of the second antenna unit 122, the fourth radiation branch 1223 may be excited to generate a resonance of the CM mode, and the second radiation branch 1221 and the fourth radiation branch 1223 may generate a resonance of the CM mode; if a radio frequency signal of the eighth frequency band higher than the fourth frequency band is fed to the second feeding point C of the second antenna element 122, the second radiation branch 1221 and the fourth radiation branch 1223 may be excited to generate a triple frequency resonance of the DM mode. This can significantly increase the bandwidth of the second antenna element 122.

Since the frequency of the first radiation branch 1211 and the third radiation branch 1213 causing DM mode resonance is the lowest among the plurality of resonance modes of the first antenna element 121 added by adding the third radiation branch 1213, and the frequency of the second radiation branch 1221 and the fourth radiation branch 1223 causing DM mode resonance is the lowest among the plurality of resonance modes of the second antenna element 122 added by adding the fourth radiation branch 1223, in the DM resonance modes of the first radiation branch 1211 and the third radiation branch 1213, and in the DM resonance modes of the second radiation branch 1221 and the fourth radiation branch 1223, the distance required to be reserved between the first antenna element and the second antenna element 122 is the largest in order to ensure the isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122. Therefore, a new decoupling structure may be designed to decouple the first radiation branch 1211 and the third radiation branch 1213 in the DM resonance mode and the second radiation branch 1221 and the fourth radiation branch 1223 in the DM resonance mode, so that when the distance between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit 122 is reduced and the third radiation branch 1213 and the fourth radiation branch 1223 are increased, the isolation between the first antenna unit 121 and the second antenna unit 122 in each resonance mode can still be ensured.

On this basis, fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to still other embodiments of the present application. The antenna shown in fig. 9 is based on the antenna shown in fig. 6 with the addition of a first decoupling branch 1214 and a second decoupling branch 1224. Specifically, the first antenna unit 121 further includes a first decoupling branch 1214, the first decoupling branch 1214 is located on a side of the second section 1211b close to the second antenna unit 122, and one end of the first decoupling branch 1214 is connected to the second section 1211b. The second antenna unit 122 further includes a second decoupling branch 1224, the second decoupling branch 1224 is located on a side of the fourth section 1221b close to the first antenna unit 121, and one end of the second decoupling branch 1224 is connected to the fourth section 1221b. The entirety of the first decoupling branch 1214 is parallel or approximately parallel to the entirety of the second decoupling branch 1224, or portions of the first decoupling branch 1214 are parallel or approximately parallel to the entirety of the second decoupling branch 1224, or the entirety of the first decoupling branch 1214 is parallel or approximately parallel to portions of the second decoupling branch 1224, or portions of the first decoupling branch 1214 are parallel or approximately parallel to portions of the second decoupling branch 1224, there is a capacitive coupling effect between the first decoupling branch 1214 and the second decoupling branch 1224.

In this way, in the DM resonance mode generated by the first radiation branch 1211 and the third radiation branch 1213 and the DM resonance mode generated by the second radiation branch 1221 and the fourth radiation branch 1223, the first decoupling branch 1214 and the second decoupling branch 1224 are capacitively coupled, so that the current generated by the first antenna unit 121 due to the coupling effect of the first decoupling branch 1214 and the second decoupling branch 1224 is opposite to the current generated by the first antenna unit 121 due to the reception of the signal transmitted by the second antenna unit 122, and at least part of the current can be neutralized, thereby reducing the interference of the second antenna unit 122 on the first antenna unit 121. Accordingly, the first decoupling branch 1214 and the second decoupling branch 1224 are capacitively coupled, so that the current generated by the second antenna unit 122 due to the coupling effect of the first decoupling branch 1214 and the second decoupling branch 1224 is opposite to the current generated by the second antenna unit 122 due to the reception of the signal transmitted by the first antenna unit 121, and at least part of the current can be neutralized, thereby reducing the interference of the first antenna unit 121 on the second antenna unit 122. This improves the isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 in the DM resonance modes of the first radiation branch 1211 and the third radiation branch 1213 and the DM resonance modes of the second radiation branch 1221 and the fourth radiation branch 1223.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 9, the portion of second section 1211b that meets first decoupling branch 1214 is positioned proximate to the portion of second section 1211b that meets third radiating branch 1213.

In this way, the first antenna element 121 can generate more opposite current components due to the coupling effect of the first decoupling branch 1214 and the second decoupling branch 1224, and the current generated by the first antenna element 121 due to the signal transmitted by the second antenna element 122 can be neutralized to a greater extent, thereby further reducing the interference of the second antenna element 122 on the first antenna element 121.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 9, the portion of the fourth section 1221b that meets the second decoupling branch 1224 is disposed proximate to the portion of the fourth section 1221b that meets the fourth radiating branch 1223.

In this way, the second antenna element 122 can generate more opposite current components due to the coupling effect of the first decoupling branch 1214 and the second decoupling branch 1224, so as to neutralize the current generated by the second antenna element 122 due to the signal transmitted by the first antenna element 121 to a greater extent, thereby further reducing the interference of the first antenna element 121 on the second antenna element 122.

It is understood that the first antenna element 121 may further include more radiating branches, and one end of each radiating branch is connected to the second section 1211b, so that the first antenna element 121 can generate more resonant frequency bands, thereby further increasing the bandwidth of the first antenna element 121. Similarly, the second antenna unit 122 may also include more radiating branches, and one end of each radiating branch is connected to the fourth section 1221b, so that the second antenna unit 122 can generate more resonant frequency bands, thereby further increasing the bandwidth of the second antenna unit 122. On this basis, more decoupling structures need to be arranged between the second section 1211b and the fourth section 1221b to decouple more resonances, so as to ensure the isolation between the first antenna unit 121 and the second antenna unit 122.

Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a graph of input return loss coefficients of the first antenna unit 121 and the second antenna unit 122 and an isolation curve between the first antenna unit 121 and the second antenna unit 122 when the first ground point and the second ground point of the antenna shown in fig. 9 are directly connected to the first reference ground and the second reference ground respectively through the grounding element. The dimensions of the antenna are 30mm x 2.5mm x 1.8mm. The abscissa of fig. 10 is frequency (in GHz) and the ordinate is a coefficient (in dB). S11 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the first antenna element 121, S22 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the second antenna element 122, and S12 is an isolation curve between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122. As can be seen from fig. 10, the first antenna element 121 has four resonance points, namely, four resonance points A1, B1, C1, and D1. Illustratively, the frequency of the resonance point A1 is 2.06GHz. The frequency of the resonance point B1 is 2.6GHz. The frequency of the resonance point C1 is 4.7GHz. The frequency of the resonance point D1 is 5.59GHz.

Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna unit 121 at the resonance point A1 in the antenna 12 shown in fig. 9. As can be seen from fig. 11, the resonant mode of the first antenna element 121 at the resonant point A1 is the CM mode of the first radiation stub 1211. Specifically, in the first radiation branch 1211, a portion between h1 and B forms a radiator, and a portion between a1 and h1 is an open branch beside the first feeding point a, and functions to increase the electrical length of the radiator. In this resonant mode, the second feed stub 1222 in the second antenna element 122 receives less current. Therefore, the isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 is better. Specifically, referring to FIG. 10, at resonance point A1, the isolation S12 is less than-11 dB.

According to the description of the above embodiment, the reason why the reduction of the isolation S12 of the antenna 12 at the resonance point A1 is achieved is: referring to fig. 9, the second section 1211b of the first antenna unit 121 and the fourth section 1221b of the second antenna unit 122 have a capacitive coupling effect therebetween to form a decoupling structure, thereby improving isolation.

Referring to fig. 12, fig. 12 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna unit 121 at the resonance point B1 in the antenna 12 shown in fig. 9. As can be seen from fig. 12, the resonant mode of the first antenna element 121 at the resonant point B1 is the DM mode of the whole body formed by the first radiation branch 1211 and the third radiation branch 1213. Specifically, in the first antenna element 121, a1-h1-B-g1-l1 as a whole serves as a radiator, and the electrical length of the radiator is 1/2 wavelength of the resonant frequency band. In this resonant mode, the second feed stub 1222 in the second antenna element 122 receives less current. Therefore, the isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 is better. Specifically, referring to FIG. 10, at resonance point B1, the isolation S12 is less than-13 dB.

According to the description of the above embodiment, the reason for reducing the isolation S12 of the antenna 12 at the resonance point B1 is achieved by the following two points:

the first point is that: referring to fig. 9, the second section 1211b of the first antenna unit 121 and the fourth section 1221b of the second antenna unit 122 have a capacitive coupling effect therebetween to form a decoupling structure, thereby improving isolation;

and a second point: with reference to fig. 9, the first decoupling branch 1214 and the second decoupling branch 1224 have a capacitive coupling effect therebetween, forming another decoupling structure, thereby increasing the isolation between the first antenna unit 121 and the second antenna unit 122.

Referring to fig. 13 and 14, fig. 13 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna unit 121 in the antenna 12 shown in fig. 9 at the resonance point C1 and the phase 1, and fig. 14 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna unit 121 in the antenna 12 shown in fig. 9 at the resonance point C1 and the phase 2. As can be seen from fig. 13 and 14, the resonance mode of the first antenna element 121 at the resonance point C1 is a CM resonance mode of the third radiation branch 1213 (see fig. 13), and a mixture of the CM resonance modes of the whole body formed by the first radiation branch 1211 and the third radiation branch 1213 (see fig. 14). Specifically, the electrical length of third radiation branch 1213 is 1/2 wavelength of the resonant frequency band, and the electrical length of the whole formed by first radiation branch 1211 and third radiation branch 1213 is 1 wavelength of the resonant frequency band. And at the resonance point C1, the portion of the second radiating branch 1221 located between g2 and D forms another ground return path of the first antenna element 121, acting as a shunt inductor, which can function to tune the electrical length of the first antenna element 121. In this resonant mode, the second feed stub 1222 in the second antenna element 122 receives less current. Therefore, the isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 is better. Specifically, referring to FIG. 10, at the resonance point C1, the isolation S12 is slightly less than-11 dB.

The reason why the isolation S12 of the antenna 12 at the resonance point C1 is reduced is: the distance between the first feeding point a of the first antenna element 121 and the second feeding point B of the second antenna element 122 exceeds 1/2 wavelength of the resonant frequency band, the distance is larger, and when the first feeding point a feeds, the current coupled to the second feeding point B is smaller.

Referring to fig. 15, fig. 15 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna unit 121 at the resonance point D1 in the antenna 12 shown in fig. 9. As can be seen from fig. 15, the resonant mode of the first antenna element 121 at the resonant point D1 is the DM mode of the whole body formed by the first radiation branch 1211 and the third radiation branch 1213. Specifically, in the first antenna element 121, a1-h1-B-g1-l1 is used as a radiator as a whole, and the electrical length of the radiator is 3/2 wavelength of the resonant frequency band. The first feed branch 1212 is used for coupling feed, and the first radiation branch 1211 and the third radiation branch 1213 extend along the three-dimensional broken line, so that the resonance point moves to a low frequency. In this resonant mode, the second feed stub 1222 receives less current in the second antenna element 122. Therefore, the isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 is better.

The reason for reducing the isolation S12 of the antenna 12 at the resonance point D1 is achieved by the following two factors:

in a first aspect: the distance between the first feeding point a of the first antenna element 121 and the second feeding point B of the second antenna element 122 exceeds 1/2 wavelength of the resonant frequency band, the distance is larger, and when the first feeding point a feeds, the current coupled to the second feeding point B is smaller.

In a second aspect: between the points a1 and a2 where the electric field is large, there are two ground portions of the second section 1211b and the fourth section 1221b, thereby optimizing the degree of isolation.

As can be seen from fig. 10, there are also four resonance points in the second antenna unit, which are four resonance points A2, B2, C2, and D2, where resonance point A2 is a CM mode resonance point of the second radiation branch in the second antenna unit, resonance point B2 is a DM mode resonance point of the second radiation branch and the fourth radiation branch in the second antenna unit, resonance point C2 is a hybrid resonance point of a CM resonance mode of the fourth radiation branch, a CM resonance mode of the second radiation branch and the fourth radiation branch, and resonance point D2 is a triple frequency resonance point of the DM mode of the second radiation branch and the fourth radiation branch. The frequency of resonance point A1 is approximately equal to the frequency of resonance point A2, the frequency of resonance point B1 is approximately equal to the frequency of resonance point B2, the frequency of resonance point C1 is approximately equal to the frequency of resonance point C2, and the frequency of resonance point D1 is approximately equal to the frequency of resonance point D2. According to the above description, when the second antenna element 122 is operated, the current of the first feeding branch 1212 coupled to the first antenna element 121 is smaller, the isolation is better, and the antenna meets the use requirement. The first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 may cover N1 band, N41 band, and N79 band.

Referring to fig. 16a and 16b, fig. 16a is a directional diagram of the first antenna unit 121 at the resonance point A1 in the antenna shown in fig. 9, and fig. 16b is a directional diagram of the second antenna unit 122 at the resonance point A2 in the antenna shown in fig. 9. FIGS. 16a and 16b have phi (in) on the abscissa and theta (in) on the ordinate. As can be seen from fig. 16a and 16b, the directional pattern of the first antenna element 121 is substantially complementary to the directional pattern of the second antenna element 122, and the antenna Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) is less than 0.3. Therefore, the isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 is high.

Referring to fig. 17a and 17B, fig. 17a is a directional diagram of the first antenna element 121 at the resonance point B1 in the antenna shown in fig. 9, and fig. 17B is a directional diagram of the second antenna element 122 at the resonance point B2 in the antenna shown in fig. 9. FIGS. 17a and 17b have phi (in) on the abscissa and theta (in) on the ordinate. As can be seen from fig. 17a and 17b, the pattern of the first antenna element 121 is substantially complementary to the pattern of the second antenna element 122, and the ECC is less than 0.3. Therefore, the isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 is high.

Referring to fig. 18a and 18b, fig. 18a is a directional diagram of the first antenna unit 121 at the resonance point C1 in the antenna shown in fig. 9, and fig. 18b is a directional diagram of the second antenna unit 122 at the resonance point C2 in the antenna shown in fig. 9. FIG. 18a and FIG. 18b have the abscissa phi (in) and the ordinate theta (in). As can be seen from fig. 18a and 18b, the pattern of the first antenna element 121 is substantially complementary to the pattern of the second antenna element 122, and the ECC is less than 0.3. Therefore, the isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 is high.

The first ground point B may be electrically connected to the first reference ground 15. The first grounding point B may also be connected to the first reference ground 15 after connecting the first tuning element 17 in series. That is, the first tuning element 17 is connected in series between the first ground point B and the first reference ground 15. The first grounding point B may be connected to the first reference ground 15 after being connected to the first switching circuit 19 in series. That is, the first switching circuit 19 is connected in series between the first ground point B and the first reference ground 15. The first switching circuit 19 is configured to switch and change the electrical length of the first antenna unit 121, so that the first antenna unit 121 switches between different operating frequency bands, thereby increasing the application range of the first antenna unit 121.

Similarly, the second grounding point D can be electrically connected to the second ground reference 16. The second grounding point D may also be connected to the second reference ground 16 after connecting the second tuning element 18 in series. That is, the second tuning element 18 is connected in series between the second ground point D and the second reference ground 16. The second grounding point D can also be connected in series with the second switching circuit 20 and then connected to the second reference ground 16, that is, the second switching circuit 20 is connected in series between the second grounding point D and the second reference ground 16. The second switching circuit 20 is configured to change the electrical length of the second antenna unit 122 in a switching manner, so that the second antenna unit 122 is switched between different operating frequency bands, thereby increasing the application range of the second antenna unit 122.

The first and

second tuning elements

17, 18 may be capacitive elements, inductive elements, capacitive elements or inductive elements in parallel or in series. The term "parallel or series connected capacitive or inductive element" means that the first tuning element 17 and the second tuning element 18 may be a plurality of capacitive elements arranged in series or in parallel, a plurality of series or parallel connected inductive elements, and the capacitive elements and the inductive elements are connected together in series or in parallel.

Referring to fig. 19, fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna 12 shown in fig. 9 when the first grounding point B is connected to the first reference ground 15 through the first tuning element 17, and the second grounding point D is connected to the second reference ground 16 through the second tuning element 18. In the present embodiment, the first tuning element 17 and the second tuning element 18 are both capacitive elements, which have a capacitance value of 0.3pF, for example.

Referring to fig. 20, fig. 20 is a graph of input return loss coefficients of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 and an isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 in the antenna shown in fig. 19. The abscissa of fig. 20 is frequency (in GHz) and the ordinate is a coefficient (in dB). S11 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the first antenna element 121, S22 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the second antenna element 122, and S12 is an isolation curve between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122. As can be seen from fig. 20, the first antenna element 121 has three resonance points, i.e., three resonance points E1, F1, and G1. Illustratively, the frequency of the resonance point E1 is 3.62GHz. The frequency of the resonance point F1 is 5.09GHz. The frequency of the resonance point G1 is 5.7GHz.

Referring to fig. 21, fig. 21 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna element 121 at the resonance point E1 in the antenna 12 shown in fig. 19. As can be seen from fig. 21, the resonant mode of the first antenna element 121 at the resonant point E1 is the DM mode of the whole body formed by the first radiation branch 1211 and the third radiation branch 1213. Specifically, in the first antenna element 121, a1-h1-B-g1-l1 as a whole serves as a radiator, and the electrical length of the radiator is 1/2 wavelength of the resonant frequency band. In this resonant mode, the second feed stub 1222 in the second antenna element 122 receives less current. Therefore, the isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 is better. Specifically, referring to fig. 20, at the resonance point E1, the isolation S12 is less than-12 dB.

According to the description of the above embodiment, the reason why the reduction of the isolation S12 of the antenna 12 at the resonance point E1 is achieved is: referring to fig. 9, a composite right/left handed (CRLH) mode of the third radiating branch 1213 is higher than a frequency band (i.e., an N77 frequency band) where the resonance point E1 is located, and the first decoupling branch 1214 and the second decoupling branch 1224 are equivalent to conduction for the N77 frequency band, which is equivalent to a shorter length of the neutralization line, and the isolation of the N77 frequency band is also optimized.

Referring to fig. 22 and 23, fig. 22 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna unit 121 of the antenna 12 shown in fig. 19 at the resonance point F1 and the phase 1, and fig. 23 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna unit 121 of the antenna 12 shown in fig. 19 at the resonance point F1 and the phase 2. As can be seen from fig. 22 and 23, the resonance mode of the first antenna element 121 at the resonance point F1 is a mixture of the CM resonance mode of the third radiation branch 1213 (see fig. 22) and the CM resonance mode of the whole body formed by the first radiation branch 1211 and the third radiation branch 1213 (see fig. 14). Specifically, the electrical length of the third radiation branch 1213 is 1/2 wavelength of the resonance frequency band, and the electrical length of the whole formed by the first radiation branch 1211 and the third radiation branch 1213 is 1 wavelength of the resonance frequency band. In this resonant mode, the second feed stub 1222 receives less current in the second antenna element 122. Therefore, the isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 is better.

Referring to fig. 24, fig. 24 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna element 121 of the antenna 12 shown in fig. 19 at the resonance point G1. As can be seen from fig. 24, the resonant mode of the first antenna element 121 at the resonant point G1 is the DM mode of the whole body formed by the first radiation branch 1211 and the third radiation branch 1213. Specifically, in the first antenna element 121, a1-h1-B-g1-l1 as a whole serves as a radiator, and the electrical length of the radiator is 3/2 wavelength of the resonant frequency band. The first feed branch 1212 is used for coupling feed, and the first radiation branch 1211 and the third radiation branch 1213 extend along the three-dimensional broken line, so that the resonance point moves to a low frequency. In this resonant mode, the second feed stub 1222 receives less current in the second antenna element 122. Therefore, the isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 is better.

As can be seen from fig. 20, there are also four resonance points in the second antenna unit, which are three resonance points E2, F2, and G2, where the resonance point E2 is a CM mode resonance point of the second radiation branch in the second antenna unit, the resonance point E2 is a DM mode resonance point of the second radiation branch and the fourth radiation branch in the second antenna unit, the resonance point F2 is a CM resonance point of the fourth radiation branch, a mixed resonance point of the CM resonance mode formed by the second radiation branch and the fourth radiation branch, and the resonance point G2 is a triple-frequency resonance point of the DM mode of the second radiation branch and the fourth radiation branch. The frequency of resonance point E1 is approximately equal to the frequency of resonance point E2, the frequency of resonance point F1 is approximately equal to the frequency of resonance point F2, and the frequency of resonance point G1 is approximately equal to the frequency of resonance point G2. According to the above description, when the second antenna element 122 is operated, the current of the first feeding branch 1212 coupled to the first antenna element 121 is small, the isolation is excellent, and the antenna meets the use requirement. The first and

second antenna elements

121 and 122 may cover the N77 band and the N79 band.

Referring to fig. 25a and 25b, fig. 25a is a directional diagram of the first antenna element 121 at the resonance point E1 in the antenna shown in fig. 19, and fig. 25b is a directional diagram of the second antenna element 122 at the resonance point E2 in the antenna shown in fig. 19. FIGS. 25a and 25b have phi (in) on the abscissa and theta (in) on the ordinate. As can be seen from fig. 25a and 25b, the directional pattern of the first antenna element 121 is substantially complementary to the directional pattern of the second antenna element 122, and the antenna Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) is less than 0.3. Therefore, the isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 is high.

Referring to fig. 26a and 26b, fig. 26a is a directional diagram of the first antenna element 121 at the resonance point F1 in the antenna shown in fig. 19, and fig. 26b is a directional diagram of the second antenna element 122 at the resonance point F2 in the antenna shown in fig. 19. FIG. 26a and FIG. 26b have phi (in) on the abscissa and theta (in) on the ordinate. As can be seen from fig. 26a and 26b, the pattern of the first antenna element 121 is substantially complementary to the pattern of the second antenna element 122, and the ECC is less than 0.3. Therefore, the isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 is high.

Referring to fig. 27a and 27b, fig. 27a is a directional diagram of the first antenna element 121 at the resonance point G1 in the antenna shown in fig. 19, and fig. 27b is a directional diagram of the second antenna element 122 at the resonance point G2 in the antenna shown in fig. 19. FIGS. 27a and 27b have phi (in) on the abscissa and theta (in) on the ordinate. As can be seen from fig. 27a and 27b, the pattern of the first antenna element 121 is substantially complementary to the pattern of the second antenna element 122, and the ECC is less than 0.3. Therefore, the isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 is high.

Referring to fig. 28, fig. 28 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna 12 shown in fig. 9 when the first grounding point B is connected to the first reference ground 15 through the first tuning element 17, and the second grounding point D is connected to the second reference ground 16 through the second tuning element 18. In the present embodiment, the first tuning element 17 and the second tuning element 18 are both inductive elements, and the inductance value of the inductive elements is 3nH, for example.

Referring to fig. 29, fig. 29 is a graph of input return loss coefficients of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 and an isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 in the antenna shown in fig. 28. The abscissa of fig. 29 is frequency (in GHz) and the ordinate is coefficient (in dB). S11 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the first antenna element 121, S22 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the second antenna element 122, and S12 is an isolation curve between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122. As can be seen from fig. 20, the first antenna element 121 has four resonance points, i.e., four resonance points H1, I1, J1, and K1. The second antenna element also has four resonance points, namely four resonance points of H2, I2, J2 and K2. The frequency of resonance point H1 is approximately equal to the frequency of resonance point H2, the frequency of resonance point I1 is approximately equal to the frequency of resonance point I2, the frequency of resonance point J1 is approximately equal to the frequency of resonance point J2, and the frequency of resonance point K1 is approximately equal to the frequency of resonance point K2. S12 is less than-10, the isolation is excellent, and the antenna meets the use requirement. The first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 may cover the N3 band and the N79 band.

Referring to fig. 30, fig. 30 is a graph illustrating the efficiency of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 of the antenna shown in fig. 9 when they are directly grounded, grounded through a capacitor of 0.3pF, and grounded through an inductor of 3nH. The abscissa of fig. 30 is frequency (in GHz) and the ordinate is a coefficient (in dB). e11 is a graph of the efficiency of the first antenna element 121 when the first grounding point B is directly grounded. e12 is a graph of the efficiency of the first antenna element 121 when the first ground point B is grounded through a capacitor of 0.3pF. e13 is the efficiency curve of the first antenna element 121 when the first ground point B is inductively grounded through 3nH. e21 is a graph of the efficiency of the second antenna element 122 when the second grounding point D is directly grounded. e22 is a graph of the efficiency of the second antenna element 122 when the second ground point D is grounded through a 0.3pF capacitor. e23 is a graph of the efficiency of the second antenna element 122 when the second grounding point D is grounded through a 3nH inductor. As can be seen from fig. 30, when the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 are directly grounded, grounded through a 0.3pF capacitor, and grounded through a 3nH inductor, the efficiency at each resonance point satisfies the requirement of use, and they can be put into market.

Referring to fig. 31, fig. 31 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna 12 shown in fig. 9 when the first grounding point B is connected to the first reference ground 15 through the first switching circuit 19, and the second grounding point D is connected to the second reference ground 16 through the second switching circuit 20. In the present embodiment, the first switching circuit 19 includes a first switching switch 191 and a plurality of tuning elements 192. Plural means two or more than three. Illustratively, as shown in fig. 31, the number of tuning elements 192 is four. The tuning element 192 is used to tune the electrical length of the first antenna element 121. The tuning element 192 may be a capacitive element, an inductive element, or a capacitive element or an inductive element in parallel or series. The plurality of tuning elements 192 may be different types of structures in a capacitive element, an inductive element, a parallel or serial capacitive element or an inductive element, or may also be the same type of structures in a capacitive element, an inductive element, a parallel or serial capacitive element or an inductive element but with different sizes, and is not limited in detail herein. Illustratively, as shown in fig. 31, the plurality of tuning elements 192 are capacitive elements having different capacitance values. The first grounding point B is electrically connected to one end of the first switch 191, the other end of the first switch 191 is switchably electrically connected to one end of each tuning element 192, and the other ends of the tuning elements 192 are electrically connected to the first reference ground 15. It is noted that the connection relationship between the first ground point B, the first switch 191, the plurality of tuning elements 192 and the first reference ground 15 may also be: the first reference ground 15 is electrically connected to one end of the first switch 191, the other end of the first switch 191 is switchably electrically connected to one end of each tuning element 192, and the other ends of the tuning elements 192 are electrically connected to the first ground point B. And is not particularly limited herein.

Among them, the first switch 191 may be various types of switches. For example, the switch may be a physical switch such as a single-pole multi-throw switch or a multi-pole multi-throw switch, or may be a switchable interface such as a Mobile Industry Processor Interface (MIPI) or a general-purpose input/output interface (GPIO). Fig. 31 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the first switch 191 is a single-pole multi-throw switch, and is not intended to limit the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 32, fig. 32 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna 12 shown in fig. 9 when the first grounding point B is connected to the first reference ground 15 through the first switching circuit 19, and the second grounding point D is connected to the second reference ground 16 through the second switching circuit 20. In the present embodiment, the first switching circuit 19 includes a first switching switch 191, a first ground 193, and at least one tuning element 192. At least one means one or a number of two or more. Illustratively, as shown in fig. 32, the number of tuning elements 192 is three. The tuning element 192 is used to tune the electrical length of the first antenna element 121. The tuning element 192 may be a capacitive element, an inductive element, a capacitive element or an inductive element in parallel or in series. The tuning elements 192 may be different types of structures among a capacitive element, an inductive element, a parallel or series capacitive element, or an inductive element, or may also be the same type of structures but different sizes among a capacitive element, an inductive element, a parallel or series capacitive element, or an inductive element, and are not limited in detail herein. Illustratively, as shown in fig. 32, the number of tuning elements 192 is two, and the two tuning elements 192 have a capacitance of 0.3pF and an inductance of 3nH, respectively. The first grounding member 193 is used to directly connect the first grounding point B with the first reference ground 15, and the first grounding member 193 may be a grounding elastic sheet or a grounding conductive wire. The first grounding point B is electrically connected to one end of the first switch 191, the other end of the first switch 191 is switchably electrically connected to one end of the first grounding member 193 or one end of each tuning element 192, and the other end of the first grounding member 193 and the other end of the at least one tuning element 192 are both electrically connected to the first reference ground 15. It will be appreciated that the connection relationship between the first ground point B, the first switch 191, the first ground 193, the at least one tuning element 192 and the first reference ground 15 may also be: the first reference ground 15 is electrically connected to one end of the first switch 191, the other end of the first switch 191 is switchably electrically connected to one end of the first ground 193 or one end of each tuning element 192, and the other end of the first ground 193 and the other end of the at least one tuning element 192 are both electrically connected to the first ground point B. And is not particularly limited herein. The first antenna element 121 may be selected by the first switch 191 to be connected directly to ground, or to ground through a 0.3pF capacitor, or to ground through a 3nH inductor. Therefore, the purpose of covering N1 frequency band, N3 frequency band, N41 frequency band, N77 frequency band and N79 frequency band can be achieved.

It should be noted that, only the structure of the first switching circuit 19 is described above, and the second switching circuit 20 may have the same structure as the first switching circuit 19, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.

Referring to fig. 33, fig. 33 is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna 12 shown in fig. 9 when the first grounding point B is connected to the first reference ground 15 through the first switching circuit 19, and the second grounding point D is connected to the second reference ground 16 through the second switching circuit 20. In the present embodiment, in the case where the first reference ground 15 and the second reference ground 16 are the same reference ground. The electronic device further comprises a third switching circuit 21. Both the first grounding point 15 and the second grounding point 16 are electrically connected to the reference ground through the third switching circuit 21, that is, the third switching circuit 21 is connected between the first grounding point 15 and the reference ground and between the second grounding point 16 and the reference ground, and the third switching circuit can simultaneously switch and change the electrical lengths of the first antenna unit 121 and the second antenna unit 122. The third switching circuit 21 may have the same structure as the first switching circuit 19 described in any of the above embodiments, and is not described herein again. Thus, the electronic equipment comprises fewer parts, and the miniaturization design of the electronic equipment is facilitated.

Referring to fig. 34, fig. 34 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna 12 shown in fig. 9 when the first feeding branch 1212 is only coupled with the first radiation branch 1211 for feeding, and the second feeding branch 1222 is only coupled with the second radiation branch 1221 for feeding. The dimensions of the antenna 12 are 38mm by 2.5mm by 1.8mm with a clearance condition of around 1.3 mm.

Referring to fig. 35, fig. 35 is a graph illustrating input return loss coefficients of the first antenna unit 121 and the second antenna unit 122 and an isolation curve between the first antenna unit 121 and the second antenna unit 122 when the first grounding point B and the second grounding point D of the antenna shown in fig. 34 are directly connected to the reference ground. The abscissa of fig. 35 is frequency (in GHz) and the ordinate is a coefficient (in dB). S11 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the first antenna element 121, S22 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the second antenna element 122, and S12 is an isolation curve between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122. As can be seen from fig. 35, the resonance mode of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 is substantially the same as the resonance mode of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 in the antenna 12 shown in fig. 9. The frequency band can cover N1 frequency band, N41 frequency band and N79 frequency band.

Referring to fig. 36, fig. 36 is a graph illustrating input return loss coefficients of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 and an isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 when the first grounding point B and the second grounding point D are connected to the ground reference through a capacitor of 0.3pF in the antenna shown in fig. 34. The abscissa of fig. 36 is frequency (in GHz) and the ordinate is coefficient (in dB). S11 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the first antenna element 121, S22 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the second antenna element 122, and S12 is an isolation curve between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122. As can be seen from fig. 36, the resonance mode of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 is substantially the same as the resonance mode of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 in the antenna 12 shown in fig. 9. It is possible to cover the N77 band and the N79 band.

Referring to fig. 37, fig. 37 is a graph showing input return loss coefficients of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 and an isolation curve between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 when the first grounding point B and the second grounding point D are inductively connected to the reference ground by 3nH in the antenna shown in fig. 34. The abscissa of fig. 37 is frequency (in GHz) and the ordinate is coefficient (in dB). S11 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the first antenna element 121, S22 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the second antenna element 122, and S12 is an isolation curve between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122. As can be seen from fig. 37, the resonance mode of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 is substantially the same as the resonance mode of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 in the antenna 12 shown in fig. 9. It is possible to cover the N3 band and the N79 band.

Referring to fig. 38, fig. 38 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna 12 shown in fig. 9 when the first feeding point a coincides with the first portion h1 and the second feeding point C coincides with the second portion h 2. The dimensions of the antenna 12 are 38mm by 2.5mm by 1.8mm with a clearance condition of around 1.3 mm.

Referring to fig. 39, fig. 39 is a graph illustrating input return loss coefficients of the first antenna unit 121 and the second antenna unit 122 and an isolation curve between the first antenna unit 121 and the second antenna unit 122 when the first grounding point B and the second grounding point D of the antenna shown in fig. 38 are directly connected to the reference ground. The abscissa of fig. 39 is frequency (in GHz) and the ordinate is coefficient (in dB). S11 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the first antenna element 121, S22 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the second antenna element 122, and S12 is an isolation curve between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122. As can be seen from fig. 39, the resonance mode of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 is substantially the same as the resonance mode of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 in the antenna 12 shown in fig. 9. The frequency band can cover N1 frequency band, N41 frequency band and N79 frequency band.

Referring to fig. 40, fig. 40 is a graph illustrating input return loss coefficients of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 and an isolation between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 when the first ground point B and the second ground point D are connected to the ground reference through a capacitor of 0.3pF in the antenna shown in fig. 38. The abscissa of the graph 40 is frequency (in GHz) and the ordinate is coefficient (in dB). S11 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the first antenna element 121, S22 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the second antenna element 122, and S12 is an isolation curve between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122. As can be seen from fig. 40, the resonance mode of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 is substantially the same as the resonance mode of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 in the antenna 12 shown in fig. 9. It is possible to cover the N77 band and the N79 band.

Referring to fig. 41, fig. 41 is a graph illustrating input return loss coefficients of the first antenna unit 121 and the second antenna unit 122 and an isolation curve between the first antenna unit 121 and the second antenna unit 122 when the first grounding point B and the second grounding point D are inductively connected to the reference ground by 3nH in the antenna shown in fig. 38. The abscissa of fig. 41 is frequency (in GHz) and the ordinate is coefficient (in dB). S11 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the first antenna element 121, S22 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the second antenna element 122, and S12 is an isolation curve between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122. As can be seen from fig. 41, the resonance modes of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 are substantially the same as the resonance modes of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 in the antenna 12 shown in fig. 9. It is possible to cover the N3 band and the N79 band.

Referring to fig. 42, fig. 42 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna 12 shown in fig. 9 when the first decoupling branch 1214 and the second decoupling branch 1224 are not provided. The antenna 12 is small in size, 20mm by 2.5mm by 1.8mm, with a clearance condition of about 1.3 mm.

Referring to fig. 43, fig. 43 is a graph of input return loss coefficients of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 and an isolation curve between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 when the first grounding point B and the second grounding point D are directly connected to the reference ground in the antenna shown in fig. 42. The abscissa of fig. 43 is frequency (in GHz) and the ordinate is coefficient (in dB). S11 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the first antenna element 121, S22 is an input return loss coefficient curve of the second antenna element 122, and S12 is an isolation curve between the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122. As can be seen from fig. 43, the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 can cover the N41 band, the N77 band, and the N79 band.

Due to practical requirements, in some places with small layout space or items without N1/N3 requirements, the small-volume antenna shown in fig. 42 may be used to form a dual-antenna system covering N41 band, N77 band, and N79 band.

Referring to fig. 44-48, fig. 44-48 are schematic structural diagrams of a first antenna unit 121 of 5 antennas 12 according to further embodiments of the present application. In these 5 embodiments, first radiating branches 1211 each extend along a three-dimensional fold line. In the remaining 4 embodiments, the third radiating branch 1213 of the first antenna element 121 extends along a three-dimensional polygonal line, except that the third radiating branch 1213 of the first antenna element 121 shown in fig. 44 extends along a straight line. The structure of the second antenna unit 122 is approximately the same as that of the first antenna unit 121, and the second antenna unit 122 is approximately symmetrical to the first antenna unit 121, so the structure of the second antenna unit 121 is not described herein.

Referring to fig. 49-54, fig. 49-54 are schematic structural diagrams of a first antenna unit 121 of 6 antennas 12 according to further embodiments of the present application. In these 6 embodiments, the first radiating branches 1211 extend along the planar fold line. In the remaining 5 embodiments, the third radiating branch 1213 of the first antenna element 121 extends along the planar fold line, except that the third radiating branch 1213 of the first antenna element 121 shown in fig. 50 extends along the planar fold line. The structure of the second antenna unit 122 is approximately the same as that of the first antenna unit 121, and the second antenna unit 122 is approximately symmetrical to the first antenna unit 121, so the structure of the second antenna unit 121 is not described herein.

In the description herein, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna is characterized by comprising a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit which are arranged at intervals along a first direction;

the first antenna unit comprises a first radiating branch, a first feeding point and a first grounding point, wherein two ends of the first radiating branch along the extension direction of the length of the first radiating branch are respectively a first end and a second end, the first grounding point is arranged on the first radiating branch, a section of the first radiating branch between the first end and the first grounding point is a first section, a section of the first radiating branch between the first grounding point and the second end is a second section, the second section is arranged on one side of the first section close to the second antenna unit, the first feeding point is used for feeding power to a first part of the first section, and the first part and the first grounding point are arranged at intervals;

the second antenna unit comprises a second radiation branch node, a second feeding point and a second grounding point, wherein two ends of the second radiation branch node along the extension direction of the second radiation branch node are respectively a third end and a fourth end, the second grounding point is arranged on the second radiation branch node, a section of the second radiation branch node between the third end and the second grounding point is a third section, a section of the second radiation branch node between the second grounding point and the fourth end is a fourth section, the fourth section is arranged on one side of the third section close to the first antenna unit, the second feeding point is used for feeding power to a second part of the third section, and the second part and the second grounding point are arranged at intervals;

the second section and the fourth section have a capacitive coupling effect therebetween;

the first antenna unit further comprises a first decoupling branch, the first decoupling branch is located on one side, close to the second antenna unit, of the second section, and one end of the first decoupling branch is connected with the second section;

the second antenna unit further comprises a second decoupling branch, the second decoupling branch is located on one side, close to the first antenna unit, of the fourth section, and one end of the second decoupling branch is connected with the fourth section;

and the first decoupling branch and the second decoupling branch have a capacitive coupling effect.

2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the first antenna element further comprises a third radiating branch, the third radiating branch is located on a side of the second section away from the second antenna element, and one end of the third radiating branch is connected to the second section.

3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the second antenna element further comprises a fourth radiating branch, the fourth radiating branch is located on a side of the fourth section away from the first antenna element, and one end of the fourth radiating branch is connected to the fourth section.

4. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the portion of the second section that meets the first decoupling stub is disposed proximate to the portion of the second section that meets the third radiating stub.

5. The antenna of claim 3, wherein the portion of the fourth section that meets the second decoupling stub is disposed proximate to the portion of the fourth section that meets the fourth radiating stub.

6. The antenna of any one of claims 1-5, wherein a width of a gap between the second section and the fourth section is less than 1/5 times a width of the antenna in the first direction.

7. An antenna according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first feed point coincides with the first location and the second feed point coincides with the second location.

8. The antenna of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the first antenna element further comprises a first feeding branch, the first feeding point is located on the first feeding branch, and the first feeding branch is coupled to the first portion.

9. The antenna of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the second antenna element further comprises a second feeding branch, the second feeding point is located on the second feeding branch, and the second feeding branch is coupled to the second portion.

10. An electronic device, comprising:

a first radio frequency front end and a second radio frequency front end;

a first reference ground and a second reference ground;

an antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a first feed point of the antenna is electrically connected to the first rf front-end, a second feed point of the antenna is electrically connected to the second rf front-end, a first ground point of the antenna is electrically connected to the first reference ground, and a second ground point of the antenna is electrically connected to the second reference ground.

11. The electronic device of claim 10, wherein a first switching circuit is connected in series between the first ground point and the first reference ground, the first switching circuit being configured to switch an electrical length of a first antenna element of the antenna;

and a second switching circuit is connected between the second grounding point and the second reference ground in series and used for switching and changing the electrical length of a second antenna unit of the antenna.

12. The electronic device of claim 10, wherein the first reference ground and the second reference ground are the same reference ground;

the electronic device further comprises a third switching circuit, wherein the first grounding point and the second grounding point are both electrically connected with the reference ground through the third switching circuit, and the third switching circuit is used for simultaneously switching and changing the electrical lengths of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit of the antenna.