CN117521446A - Method for identifying high-speed railway bridge deformation based on track dynamic irregularity - Google Patents
Method for identifying high-speed railway bridge deformation based on track dynamic irregularity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge monitoring, in particular to a method for recognizing high-speed railway bridge deformation based on track dynamic irregularity, which utilizes a finite element method and a multi-body dynamics joint simulation model to calculate vehicle body vibration acceleration and relative displacement of a vehicle body and a wheel set; based on the detection principle of the rail inspection vehicle, virtually testing the dynamic irregularity of the rail under the bridge deformation condition; and then separating the bridge structure irregularity from the track dynamic irregularity, judging whether the bridge is deformed or not according to the first-order derivative limit value of the bridge structure irregularity, and identifying the deformation type. The invention has the advantages that: by utilizing the dynamic irregularity recognition of the track and the extraction of the deformation state of the continuous bridge, the simulation test or the analysis of the actual measurement data of the rail inspection vehicle can be carried out by the virtual detection technology, the recognition research of the service state of the high-speed railway bridge with low cost and high efficiency can be realized, and the theoretical basis is provided for the operation and evaluation of the whole system of the high-speed railway bridge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge monitoring, in particular to a method for recognizing high-speed railway bridge deformation based on track dynamic irregularity.
Background
Bridge structures are widely adopted in high-speed railways in China, and the proportion of bridges in the total mileage of the high-speed railway lines is high. Due to the influence of factors such as train load, temperature load, concrete shrinkage creep and the like, the high-speed railway bridge inevitably generates accumulated additional deformation such as pier settlement, beam body dislocation, beam end corner and the like, and the deformation can cause the deterioration of geometric smoothness of a track and influence the dynamic interaction of a wheel-rail system, so that the running quality of the high-speed train is reduced. Therefore, in order to ensure safe and smooth operation of the high-speed train, it is necessary to identify the deformation state of the high-speed railroad bridge.
The existing bridge structure deformation detection method mainly comprises two types, namely contact type and non-contact type. The contact type deformation measurement relies on an electronic displacement sensor, is generally used for single-point displacement monitoring, and is low in detection efficiency and high in manpower and material resource cost. Non-contact measurement methods include machine vision measurement, microwave radar sensing technology, photogrammetry, three-dimensional laser scanning, and global positioning systems (GNSS). Where machine vision measurements and photogrammetry are significantly affected by the environment. Three-dimensional laser scanning can only acquire short-distance structural deformation, and multi-point synchronous measurement is difficult to realize. The measurement range of the GNSS is affected by the signal strength, resulting in an increase in positioning error. In addition, the bridge monitoring system needs to be high in manpower, material resources and financial resources. Therefore, there is a need to propose a method for identifying the deformation of a high-speed railway bridge, which can achieve low cost and high efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for identifying the deformation of a high-speed railway bridge based on track dynamic irregularity according to the defects of the prior art, and the method utilizes a finite element method and a multi-body dynamics joint simulation model to calculate the vibration acceleration of a vehicle body and the relative displacement of the vehicle body and a wheel set; based on the detection principle of the rail inspection vehicle, virtually testing the dynamic irregularity of the rail under the bridge deformation condition; and then separating the bridge structure irregularity from the track dynamic irregularity, judging whether the bridge is deformed or not according to the first-order derivative limit value of the bridge structure irregularity, and identifying the deformation type.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for identifying high-speed railway bridge deformation based on track dynamic irregularity is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a dynamic model of a vehicle-track-bridge coupling system, calculating the vibration acceleration of a vehicle body and the relative displacement of the vehicle body and a wheel set through the model, and carrying out numerical simulation on random irregularity;
s2, calculating deformation quantity of the steel rail along with the mileage change of the bridge in a typical deformation state of the bridge by using a track-bridge static model;
s3, superposing the steel rail deformation and the random irregularity, and calculating the change of the dynamic irregularity amplitude of the track under the bridge deformation as an excitation source of the dynamic model of the vehicle-track-bridge coupling system;
s4, measuring dynamic irregularity of the track under the bridge deformation condition;
s5, extracting the bridge structure irregularity from the track dynamic irregularity, solving a first-order derivative for the bridge structure irregularity, judging whether the bridge is deformed or not according to a first-order derivative limit value, and identifying the deformation type.
The dynamic model of the vehicle-track-bridge coupling system is established by utilizing a finite element method and multi-body dynamics to carry out joint simulation.
Utilizing the multi-body dynamics to establish a vehicle model and a flexible track model, and establishing a vehicle-track-bridge coupling system dynamics model on the basis; and calculating the vibration acceleration of the vehicle body and the relative displacement of the vehicle body and the wheel set through a simulation model, selecting a proper track irregularity spectrum, converting the track irregularity spectrum into a time domain irregularity sample through discrete Fourier transformation, and obtaining a random irregularity sample on the time domain through calculation.
The irregularity excitation adopts the height irregularity, the level irregularity, the track gauge and the track direction irregularity after the superposition of the three bridge deformations, and the influence of the bridge deformations on the dynamic irregularity amplitude of the track is calculated.
The track dynamic irregularity is obtained by analyzing actual measurement data of the track inspection vehicle or obtained by utilizing a virtual detection technology based on a detection principle of an inertial reference method.
The invention has the advantages that: by utilizing the dynamic irregularity recognition of the track and the extraction of the deformation state of the continuous bridge, the simulation test or the analysis of the actual measurement data of the rail inspection vehicle can be carried out by the virtual detection technology, the recognition research of the service state of the high-speed railway bridge with low cost and high efficiency can be realized, and the theoretical basis is provided for the operation and evaluation of the whole system of the high-speed railway bridge.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an inertial reference method principle for detecting track height irregularity;
FIG. 2 is a steel rail deformation diagram in a pier subsidence unit plate type ballastless track structure;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing dynamic irregularity of the track for different settlement of the bridge pier;
FIG. 4 is a view showing the irregularity of a bridge structure in which a bridge pier is submerged;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing a first-order derivative variation trend of the bridge structure irregularity of the pier settlement bridge;
FIG. 6 is a deformation diagram of a steel rail in a slab ballastless track structure of a unit slab under a beam slab stagger;
FIG. 7 is a graph of dynamic irregularity of the track for different beam misalignment amounts;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of bridge structure irregularities at different beam misalignment amounts;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing a first-order derivative variation trend of the bridge structure irregularity under a beam slab stagger;
FIG. 10 is a deformation diagram of a steel rail in a unit slab ballastless track structure under a beam end corner;
FIG. 11 is a graph of dynamic irregularity of the track at different amounts of rotation of the beam ends;
FIG. 12 is a diagram of bridge structure irregularities at different amounts of beam ends;
FIG. 13 is a graph showing the first-order derivative trend of the bridge structure irregularity at the beam end corners.
Detailed Description
The features of the invention and other related features are described in further detail below by way of example in conjunction with the following figures to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:
as shown in fig. 1-13, reference numerals 1-5 are respectively indicated as: rail 1, fastener 2, track board 3, bed plate 4, roof beam body 5.
Examples: the method for recognizing the deformation of the high-speed railway bridge based on the track dynamic irregularity in the embodiment utilizes the track dynamic irregularity recognition and extraction of the deformation state of the continuous bridge, can perform simulation test or analysis on actual measurement data of the rail inspection vehicle through a virtual detection technology, can realize recognition and research on the service state of the high-speed railway bridge with low cost and high efficiency, and provides a theoretical basis for operation and evaluation of the whole system of the high-speed railway bridge.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the pier is settled by d, a girder 5 is erected above the pier, a base plate 4 is erected above the girder 5, a rail plate 3 is erected above the base plate 4, and a rail 1 is mounted on the rail plate 3 by a fastener 2.
Specifically, the method in the present embodiment includes the steps of:
step 1: establishing a track-bridge static model by using finite element software, then establishing a motor car model and a flexible track model by using multi-body dynamics software, and establishing a vehicle-track-bridge coupling system dynamics model on the basis; and calculating the vibration acceleration of the vehicle body and the relative displacement of the vehicle body and the wheel set through a simulation model, selecting a proper track irregularity spectrum, converting the track irregularity spectrum into a time domain irregularity sample through discrete Fourier transformation, and obtaining a random irregularity sample on the time domain through calculation.
Step 2: and (3) calculating by using a numerical method through the bridge-track static model established in the step (1), and applying boundary conditions of settlement displacement to calculate to obtain typical deformation of the bridge, namely deformation quantity of the steel rail in the track structure along with the mileage change of the bridge, namely steel rail deformation, in the state of including pier settlement shown in fig. 2, vertical dislocation shown in fig. 6 and beam end corner shown in fig. 10.
Step 3: and superposing the deformation of the steel rail 1 and the original random irregularity sample of the track to obtain superposition irregularity under bridge deformation, taking the superposition irregularity and the random irregularity as excitation sources of a dynamic model of a vehicle-track-bridge coupling system, calculating the vehicle body vibration acceleration and the relative displacement of the vehicle body and a wheel set, researching the derailment coefficient, and calculating the influence of the bridge deformation on the dynamic irregularity amplitude of the track by adopting the height irregularity, the horizontal irregularity, the track gauge and the track irregularity of three bridge deformation superposition after the irregularity excitation along with the change of the bridge deformation amount.
Step 4: based on the detection principle of the rail inspection vehicle, the rail dynamic irregularity under the bridge deformation condition is virtually tested, the rail dynamic irregularity under the bridge deformation condition is compared, the amplitude change of the rail dynamic irregularity under the bridge deformation condition is analyzed, and then the relationship between the bridge deformation quantity and the amplitude and waveform state of the bridge structural irregularity is analyzed. Meanwhile, the rail inspection vehicle actual measurement data can be adopted and analyzed, and the deformation degree of the bridge in a certain time period can be rapidly identified by utilizing the actual measurement data.
Step 5: removing track irregularity caused by bridge deformation, namely bridge structure irregularity, from track dynamic irregularity without deformation, carrying out integral, filtering and other treatments on the bridge structure irregularity, solving a first-order derivative, providing a first-order derivative limit value for identifying bridge deformation according to a first-order derivative value change trend, identifying the bridge structure irregularity of the bridge deformation to be +/-1%mill, and considering that the bridge has deformation when the first-order derivative is more than +/-1%mill, and identifying the bridge deformation type according to waveform characteristics.
In the embodiment, the virtual detection technology is used for simulating and simulating the high-speed comprehensive detection train to test on a track line by establishing a power model of a vehicle track bridge coupling system by combining multi-body dynamics software UM and finite element software ANSYS, acquiring sensor data at corresponding positions, and calculating and analyzing the data by using an inertial reference method to obtain track dynamic irregularity.
In this embodiment, the inertial reference method: when the wheels and the steel rails are kept in contact with each other, the irregularity y (x) of the track is equal to the vertical variation value of the axle boxes on the wheels, as shown in fig. 1, wherein a is an accelerometer, M is a mass block, K is a spring, C is a damper, and R is the radius of the wheels. Let the track height irregularity y (x), Z be the displacement of the mass M relative to the inertial reference line, W be the displacement of the mass M relative to the axle box. The displacement Z is obtained by integrating the data of the accelerometer A, thus obtaining a formula for calculating the irregularity of the track by an inertial reference method,
as shown in fig. 3 to 5, when the deformation condition of the high-speed railway bridge in the subsidence state of the pier is recognized by the method in the present embodiment. As shown in fig. 7 to 9, when the deformation condition of the high-speed railway bridge in the state where the vertical dislocation of the beam body occurs is identified by the method in the present embodiment. As shown in fig. 11 to 13, the deformation condition of the high-speed railway bridge in the state of the girder end rotation angle is recognized by the method in the present embodiment. The drawing shows that the method in the embodiment can utilize track dynamic irregularity to identify and extract the deformation state of the continuous bridge so as to provide theoretical basis for the operation and evaluation of the whole system of the high-speed railway bridge.
Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims, and thus are not repeated herein.
Claims (5)
1. A method for identifying high-speed railway bridge deformation based on track dynamic irregularity is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a dynamic model of a vehicle-track-bridge coupling system, calculating the vibration acceleration of a vehicle body and the relative displacement of the vehicle body and a wheel set through the model, and carrying out numerical simulation on random irregularity;
s2, calculating deformation quantity of the steel rail along with the mileage change of the bridge in a typical deformation state of the bridge by using a track-bridge static model;
s3, superposing the steel rail deformation and the random irregularity, and calculating the change of the dynamic irregularity amplitude of the track under the bridge deformation as an excitation source of the dynamic model of the vehicle-track-bridge coupling system;
s4, measuring dynamic irregularity of the track under the bridge deformation condition;
s5, extracting the bridge structure irregularity from the track dynamic irregularity, solving a first-order derivative for the bridge structure irregularity, judging whether the bridge is deformed or not according to a first-order derivative limit value, and identifying the deformation type.
2. The method for identifying the deformation of the high-speed railway bridge based on the dynamic irregularity of the track according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the dynamic model of the vehicle-track-bridge coupling system is established by utilizing a finite element method and multi-body dynamics to carry out joint simulation.
3. The method for identifying the deformation of the high-speed railway bridge based on the dynamic irregularity of the track according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: utilizing the multi-body dynamics to establish a vehicle model and a flexible track model, and establishing a vehicle-track-bridge coupling system dynamics model on the basis; and calculating the vibration acceleration of the vehicle body and the relative displacement of the vehicle body and the wheel set through a simulation model, selecting a proper track irregularity spectrum, converting the track irregularity spectrum into a time domain irregularity sample through discrete Fourier transformation, and obtaining a random irregularity sample on the time domain through calculation.
4. The method for identifying the deformation of the high-speed railway bridge based on the dynamic irregularity of the track according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the irregularity excitation adopts the height irregularity, the level irregularity, the track gauge and the track direction irregularity after the superposition of the three bridge deformations, and the influence of the bridge deformations on the dynamic irregularity amplitude of the track is calculated.
5. The method for identifying the deformation of the high-speed railway bridge based on the dynamic irregularity of the track according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the track dynamic irregularity is obtained by analyzing actual measurement data of the track inspection vehicle or obtained by utilizing a virtual detection technology based on a detection principle of an inertial reference method.
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