CN117517798A - Single-station lightning positioning and early warning device - Google Patents
Single-station lightning positioning and early warning device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117517798A CN117517798A CN202311497046.4A CN202311497046A CN117517798A CN 117517798 A CN117517798 A CN 117517798A CN 202311497046 A CN202311497046 A CN 202311497046A CN 117517798 A CN117517798 A CN 117517798A
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- G01R29/0842—Measurements related to lightning, e.g. measuring electric disturbances, warning systems
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
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Abstract
The application relates to a single-station lightning positioning and early warning device, which comprises a rainproof shell, wherein a shielding bottom plate is arranged in the rainproof shell; the magnetic field induction coil is fixed on the shielding bottom plate and is arranged vertically to the shielding bottom plate; a fast antenna induction electrode mounted on top of the magnetic field induction coil; an electric field sensing electrode; the circuit processing module is fixed at the bottom of the shielding bottom plate and comprises a magnetic field circuit processing module connected with a magnetic field induction coil through a first shielding wire, a fast antenna processing module connected with a fast antenna induction electrode through a second shielding wire, an electric field processing module connected with an electric field induction electrode through a third shielding wire and a core processing module, wherein the electric field processing module comprises an MEMS electric field sensing device and a driving circuit thereof, and a power supply and data cable is connected to the core processing module. The lightning location, electric field intensity measurement and thunder and lightning early warning of single station can be realized to only need a equipment to this application, are convenient for install, reduce installation and use cost's effect.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of lightning early warning, in particular to a single-station lightning positioning and early warning device.
Background
Lightning disasters become one of the 10 most serious natural disasters published by united nations, can cause forest and oil depot fires, can cause power supply and communication system faults or damages, and can cause great threat to aerospace, mines, cultural relics and important and sensitive high-technology equipment. Lightning has instantaneity and randomness, so that the difficulty of lightning protection engineering design and lightning accident analysis is increased, and a lightning positioning and lightning early warning technology provides a way for solving the difficulty.
Traditional lightning early warning generally needs to collect and report independent atmospheric electric field instrument and lightning positioning device data respectively, and then summarize and process to improve lightning positioning accuracy and early warning accuracy. The newly proposed novel combined lightning early warning scheme adopts a field-grinding type electric field instrument and a lightning positioning instrument based on a time difference method, three sets of equipment are generally required for networking to realize lightning early warning, the installation and maintenance cost is increased, and the market popularization and application are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to facilitate installation, installation and use cost are reduced, and the single-station lightning locating and early warning device is suitable for marketing popularization and application.
The application provides a single-station lightning location and early warning device adopts following technical scheme:
a single-station lightning locating and early warning device, comprising:
a rain-proof shell, wherein a shielding bottom plate is arranged in the rain-proof shell;
the magnetic field induction coil is fixed on the shielding bottom plate and is arranged vertically to the shielding bottom plate and is used for detecting a magnetic field signal generated when lightning strikes back;
the fast antenna induction electrode is arranged at the top of the magnetic field induction coil and is used for detecting electric field signals which are temporarily and rapidly changed by lightning;
the electric field induction electrode is used for detecting accumulation transformation of an electric field before lightning generation and electric field change in a lightning discharge process;
the circuit processing module is fixed at the bottom of the shielding bottom plate and comprises a magnetic field circuit processing module connected with the magnetic field induction coil through a first shielding wire, a fast antenna processing module connected with the fast antenna induction electrode through a second shielding wire, an electric field processing module connected with the electric field induction electrode through a third shielding wire and a core processing module, wherein the electric field processing module comprises an MEMS electric field sensing device and a driving circuit thereof, a power supply and data cable are connected to the core processing module, and an opening for the power supply and the data cable to extend out is formed in the rainproof shell.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, this application realizes single station lightning location, electric field intensity measurement and thunder and lightning early warning based on MEMS (Microelectro Mechanical Systems, micro-electromechanical system) electric field detection technique and electromagnetic lightning location technique. Because the MEMS electric field sensing device and the electric field sensing electrode (main elements of the MEMS electric field sensor) are used for detecting electric field changes before lightning generation and in the lightning discharge process, the size of the MEMS electric field sensing device probe is smaller, the spatial resolution is high, and no movable device exists, so that the MEMS electric field sensing device probe can be integrally installed in a rainproof shell together with a magnetic field sensing coil and a fast antenna sensing electrode, and when detection is carried out, single-station lightning positioning, electric field intensity measurement and lightning early warning can be realized by only using one device, the installation is more convenient, and the installation and use cost can be effectively reduced; the MEMS electric field sensitive device can detect electric field signals of electrostatic fields before lightning comes, and is beneficial to improving the accuracy of lightning early warning information.
Preferably, the MEMS electric field sensitive device is arranged in the cavity in a sealing way through sealant, the circuit processing module is integrated in the metal shell, and three-proofing paint is sprayed on the surface of the metal shell.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, all carry out dampproofing and waterproofing to MEMS electric field sensing device and circuit processing module and handle, be favorable to guaranteeing the normal use of MEMS electric field sensing device to and guarantee signal processing and signal transmission's precision and sensitivity, extension this application single station thunder and lightning location and early warning device's life.
Preferably, the fast antenna induction electrode is a flat electrode made of a thin metal sheet or a PCB board, and the fast antenna induction electrode is disposed parallel to the shielding bottom plate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the fast antenna induction electrode is designed to be parallel to the shielding bottom plate, and the received electric field signal intensity is stronger.
Preferably, the magnetic field induction coil adopts three-dimensional distribution comprising orthogonal distribution and three-way symmetrical distribution;
the magnetic field induction coil is a spherical coil formed by connecting flat cables end to end, wiring by using a flexible Printed Circuit Board (PCB) or winding by using enameled wires.
By adopting the technical scheme, the magnetic field induction coil detects a magnetic field signal generated during lightning strike back, the discharge channel is approximately an infinitely long electrified straight wire during lightning strike back, the magnetic induction intensity of the measuring point is inversely proportional to the distance from the measuring point to the lightning strike back point and is directly proportional to the lightning intensity, the magnetic field induction coil is arranged into a three-dimensional distributed spherical coil, and the measuring sensitivity is increased by increasing the number of turns and the surrounding area of the magnetic field induction coil.
Preferably, the electric field induction electrode is arranged inside the rainproof shell and fixed on the shielding bottom plate through an insulating column, and the electric field induction electrode and the fast antenna induction electrode are distributed on two sides of the shielding bottom plate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, fix electric field induction electrode on shielding bottom plate through the insulating column, be the mode that can adopt with electric field induction electrode is fixed.
Preferably, the electric field induction electrode is integrated inside the rainproof shell, and the electric field induction electrode is fixed above the fast antenna induction electrode through an insulating column.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through fixing electric field induction electrode in the top of quick antenna induction electrode, can effectively save the space in the rain-proof shell, reduce the volume of rain-proof shell, portable more.
Preferably, the electric field induction electrode is fixed outside the rainproof shell through an insulating column and is subjected to waterproof treatment.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, in order to reduce the volume of rain-proof shell, save the inside space of rain-proof shell and improve the sensitivity of electric field induction electrode to electric field signal detection, can set up the electric field induction electrode in the outside of rain-proof shell to carry out water proof treatment.
Preferably, the rainproof shell comprises a rainproof upper cover and a bottom plate, the rainproof upper cover and the bottom plate are fixed together through a buckle or a screw, a sealing coil is arranged at the joint of the rainproof upper cover and the bottom plate, and the shielding bottom plate is fixed on the bottom plate through a fixing stud.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, divide into rain-proof upper cover and bottom plate two parts through with rain-proof shell to rain-proof upper cover and bottom plate are together fixed through modes such as buckle or screw, are convenient for install and later maintenance, set up seal coil in the junction of rain-proof upper cover and bottom plate, effectively improve rain-proof shell's sealing performance, can adapt to outdoor adverse circumstances, improve this application single station thunder and lightning location and early warning device's life.
Preferably, the rain-proof upper cover is provided as a shell with a plane top plate or a shell with a dome top.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up the roof of rain-proof upper cover into the plane or design the top as the dome, can ensure its inner space under the prerequisite of excessively increasing rain-proof shell volume, the installation of the inner structure of being convenient for, rain-proof upper cover design also can effectively reduce the accumulation of rainwater dust for the dome.
Preferably, the magnetic field circuit processing module internally comprises a double integral and an anti-saturation circuit thereof, a broadband differential amplifying circuit, a filter circuit, a high-speed analog-to-digital conversion circuit and a high-precision positioning time service module, wherein the high-precision positioning time service module is provided with a positioning antenna to acquire time positioning data information in real time;
the fast antenna processing module comprises an integral circuit, an anti-saturation circuit, a low-noise operational amplifier circuit, a filter circuit and a high-speed analog-to-digital conversion circuit;
the electric field processing module is internally provided with a current-voltage conversion circuit, a differential amplification circuit, an instrument amplifier circuit and a high-speed analog-to-digital conversion circuit;
the core processing module comprises a power supply conversion module, a programmable device, a microprocessor and a signal output module.
Through adopting the technical scheme, the programmable device reads the high-speed ADC sampling signals of the magnetic field circuit processing module, the fast antenna processing module and the electric field processing module, carries out parallel processing operation to obtain the amplitude phase relation between the electric field signal of the fast antenna sensing electrode and the magnetic field signal of the magnetic field sensing coil, calculates information such as azimuth, distance, lightning intensity and the like of a lightning distance measuring point through a formula, integrates the information with the electric field signal change information measured by the electric field sensing electrode, sends the processed signals to the microprocessor, carries out algorithm processing again by combining the positioning time service module data of the magnetic field circuit processing module to obtain lightning early warning information, and carries out remote transmission on the lightning early warning information, the lightning positioning information, the lightning intensity information and the like through the signal output module, the power supply and the data cable.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the lightning detection device is based on the micro-electro-mechanical system electric field detection technology and the electromagnetic lightning positioning technology, detection components for temporary electric field change of lightning, electric field change in the lightning discharging process and magnetic field change in the lightning striking back are integrated in the rainproof shell, a lightning positioning instrument and a field grinding type electric field instrument are not needed to be used, the whole size of the device is reduced, the installation is facilitated, the installation and maintenance cost is reduced, the lightning detection device is suitable for market popularization and application, the detection precision of an MEMS electric field sensitive device is higher, and the detection of electric field signals of an electrostatic field before lightning comes is realized, so that the lightning early warning information accuracy is improved;
2. the electric field signal generated when the fast antenna induction electrode detects lightning strike back is perpendicular to the ground, and the fast antenna is arranged parallel to the shielding bottom plate, so that the electric field signal received by the fast antenna induction electrode is stronger;
3. through designing rain-proof upper cover as the dome, effectively reduced the accumulation of rainwater dust.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the outline structure of the first embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a first embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a layout diagram of a circuit processing module of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the outline structure of the second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a second embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the external configuration of the third embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a third embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the outline structure of a fourth embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a fourth embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a shielding bottom plate; 2. a rain-proof housing; 21. a rain-proof upper cover; 22. a bottom plate; 23. opening holes; 3. a magnetic field induction coil; 4. a fast antenna sense electrode; 5. an electric field sensing electrode; 6. a circuit processing module; 61. a magnetic field circuit processing module; 62. a fast antenna processing module; 63. an electric field processing module; 64. a core processing module; 7. a first shield wire; 8. a second shield wire; 9. a third shield line; 10. a power and data cable; 11. an insulating column; 12. and fixing the stud.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with figures 1-9.
Example 1
The embodiment of the application discloses a single-station lightning positioning and early warning device. Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the single-station lightning locating and early warning device comprises a rainproof shell 2 internally provided with a shielding bottom plate 1, a magnetic field induction coil 3 arranged on the shielding bottom plate 1 and used for detecting magnetic field signals generated when lightning strikes back, a fast antenna induction electrode 4 arranged on the top of the magnetic field induction coil 3 and used for detecting electric field signals which are temporarily and rapidly changed by lightning, an electric field induction electrode 5 integrated on the rainproof shell 2 and used for detecting accumulation transformation of an electric field before lightning generation and electric field change in a lightning discharge process, and a circuit processing module 6.
The circuit processing module 6 includes a magnetic field circuit processing module 61, a fast antenna processing module 62, an electric field processing module 63, and a core processing module 64. The magnetic field induction coil 3 is connected with the magnetic field circuit processing module 61 through the first shielding wire 7, the fast antenna induction electrode 4 is connected with the fast antenna processing module 62 through the second shielding wire 8, and the electric field induction electrode 4 is connected with the electric field processing module 63 through the third shielding wire 9 so as to respectively process signals fed back by the magnetic field induction coil 3, the fast antenna induction electrode 4 and the electric field induction electrode 5 and transmit the signals to the core processing module 64 for integrated processing. The core processing module 64 is electrically connected with the power supply and data cable 10, and the rainproof shell 2 is provided with an opening 23 for the power supply and data cable 10 to extend out so as to output information such as lightning early warning information, lightning positioning information, lightning intensity information and the like.
To save space, the circuit processing module 6 is screwed or otherwise fixed to the lower surface of the shield base plate 1, and the first shield wire 7, the second shield wire 8, and the third shield wire 9 are electrically connected to the shield base plate 1. The device has the advantages that the time and the position where lightning is generated can be early warned only by using one device, the position and the intensity of the lightning are detected temporarily and immediately after the lightning, and the core processing module is utilized for data integration and output, so that other devices are not needed, the whole size of the device is reduced, the installation is facilitated, the installation and maintenance cost is reduced, and the device is suitable for popularization and application in market.
Specifically, when lightning strikes back, the discharge channel is approximated to an infinitely long electrified straight wire, and the magnetic induction intensity sensed by the measuring point magnetic field induction coil 3 is inversely proportional to the distance from the measuring point to the lightning strike back point and directly proportional to the lightning intensity. The magnetic field circuit processing module 61 includes a double-integration and anti-saturation circuit, a broadband differential amplifying circuit, a filter circuit and a high-speed analog-to-digital conversion circuit. The double integration and anti-saturation circuit processes and outputs the magnetic induction signal input by the magnetic field induction coil 3, and the magnetic induction signal is accessed into the broadband differential amplification circuit to remove common-mode interference of the magnetic field detection signal, then the signal is sent into the filter circuit to remove high-frequency quantity of the detection signal, the signal-to-noise ratio of the effective signal is improved, and the high-speed analog-to-digital conversion circuit samples and converts the analog signal after passing through the filter circuit into a digital signal for subsequent processing.
The magnetic field circuit processing module 61 further includes a high-precision positioning time service module, which is connected with the positioning antenna to obtain time positioning data information in real time, and the time positioning data information is transmitted to the core data processing module to obtain the position where lightning is generated and the time when the lightning is generated. The high-precision positioning time service module can be a GPS or Beidou time service module, and the positioning antenna can use an onboard antenna or a ceramic antenna.
The fast antenna processing module 62 includes an integrating circuit and its anti-saturation circuit, a low noise operational amplifier circuit, a filter circuit, and a high speed analog to digital conversion circuit. The integration and anti-saturation circuit processes the electric field signal input by the fast antenna induction electrode 4, receives the electric field signal through the low-noise operational amplifier circuit and converts the electric field signal into information, the high-frequency quantity of the detection signal is removed through the filter circuit, the required effective signal is obtained, the high-speed analog-to-digital conversion circuit samples and converts the analog signal after the filter circuit into a digital signal, and the digital signal is output to the core processing module for subsequent processing.
The electric field processing module 63 internally includes a MEMS electric field sensing device and a driving circuit thereof, a current-voltage converting circuit, a differential amplifying circuit, an instrumentation amplifier circuit, and a high-speed analog-to-digital converting circuit. The driving circuit provides driving voltage for the MEMS electric field sensing device, drives shielding electrodes in the MEMS electric field sensing device to vibrate back and forth so as to periodically shield sensing electrodes on two sides of the shielding electrodes, so that the sensing electrodes on two sides respectively output two opposite current signals to the current-voltage conversion circuit, the current-voltage conversion circuit processes the two opposite current signals and outputs two opposite voltage signals, the two opposite voltage signals are input into the differential amplification circuit, and weak voltage signals are amplified through the differential amplification circuit and the instrument amplifier circuit; the processed voltage signal is input into a high-speed analog-to-digital conversion circuit to convert the analog signal into a digital signal for the processing and integration of a subsequent core processing module.
When the circuit processing module 6 and the MEMS electric field sensitive device are arranged, the waterproof and moistureproof treatment is required, specifically, the three-proofing paint sprayed on the surface of the circuit processing module 6 is arranged inside the metal shell, the power supply and data cable 10 adopts shielding wires, the outer layer is a metal mesh shielding layer and is electrically connected with the shielding bottom plate 1, the internal ground of the circuit processing module 6 and the metal shell together to realize shielding and protection of the circuit processing module 6. The MEMS electric field sensitive device is placed in the cavity formed by the metal shell, and the cavity is subjected to sealing treatment by using epoxy resin, soft rubber and the like, so that the normal use of the MEMS electric field sensitive device is guaranteed, the precision and the sensitivity of signal processing and signal transmission are guaranteed, and the service life of the single-station lightning positioning and early warning device is prolonged.
The core processing module 64 includes a power conversion module, a programmable device, a microprocessor, and a signal output module. The power conversion module converts the power supply voltage of the power supply and data cable 10 to other modules for use and adds a surge protection module, the programmable device reads sampling signals of the high-speed analog-to-digital conversion circuits of the magnetic field circuit processing module 61, the fast antenna processing module 62 and the electric field processing module 63, the amplitude phase relation between the electric field signal of the fast antenna induction electrode 4 and the magnetic field signal of the magnetic field induction coil 3 is obtained through parallel processing operation, information such as azimuth, distance and lightning intensity of a lightning distance measuring point is obtained through formula calculation, the information is integrated and processed with the electric field signal change information measured by the electric field induction electrode 5, the processed signals are sent to the microprocessor, the microprocessor performs algorithm processing again in combination with the high-precision positioning time service module data of the magnetic field circuit processing module 61 to obtain lightning early warning information, and the lightning early warning information, the lightning positioning information, the lightning intensity information and the like are transmitted remotely through the signal output module and the power supply and data cable 10.
The high-speed analog-to-digital conversion circuit may use a high-speed ADC circuit or an acquisition card. The microprocessor can process and remotely transmit data for MCU (Micro Controller Unit, micro control unit), CPU (Central Processing Unit ), FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or acquisition card. The signal output module interface CAN be a general bus interface such as RS485 (Recommended Standard 485 ), CAN (Controller Area Network, controller area network), USB (Universal Serial Bus ), network interface and the like, or CAN be a wireless transmission interface such as 4G, 433M and the like.
The first shielding wire 7, the second shielding wire 8 and the third shielding wire 9 are coaxial cables, high-frequency radio frequency wires or semi-steel semi-flexible radio frequency wires, and the inner cores of the first shielding wire 7, the second shielding wire 8 and the third shielding wire 9 are polytetrafluoroethylene or a poly-perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer. The shielding wire feeds the detection signals of the fast antenna induction electrode 4, the magnetic field induction coil 3 and the electric field induction electrode 5 into the circuit processing module 6 for processing by means of SMA (SubMiniature version A, A version small-sized threaded connector), BNC (Bayonet Nut Connector ) or IPEX (Interplex Precision Electronic Connector, precision electronic connector) and the like.
The rain-proof housing 2 may be made of plastic, nylon, glass fiber reinforced plastic, or other nonmetallic materials, and may have other regular or irregular shapes, and in this embodiment, the rain-proof housing 2 is illustrated as a rectangular shell with a top plate as a plane. For easy disassembly and subsequent maintenance, the rainproof casing 2 comprises a rainproof upper cover 21 and a bottom plate 22, and an opening 23 for the power and data cable 10 to pass through is formed in the bottom plate 22. The rain-proof upper cover 21 and the bottom plate 22 are fixed together by a buckle or a screw, and a sealing coil (not shown in the figure) is arranged at the joint of the rain-proof upper cover 21 and the bottom plate 22 to perform sealing, dust prevention and water prevention treatment.
The shielding bottom plate 1 can be made of corrosion-resistant metals such as stainless steel, light aluminum alloy and the like into various regular or irregular shapes, and is designed into a rectangle in order to adapt to the shape of the rainproof upper cover 21 of the application. The shield base plate 1 is fixed to the upper surface of the base plate 22 by fixing studs 12 and is disposed in parallel with the base plate 22. In order to enhance the induction intensity of the magnetic field induction coil 3, the magnetic field induction coil 3 is vertically fixed on the shielding bottom plate 1, and can be formed by two paths of square coils, three paths of symmetrically distributed coils or coils with other three-dimensional distributions which are orthogonally distributed. The magnetic field induction coil 3 of the present embodiment will be described by taking two square coils distributed in orthogonal directions as an example. The magnetic field induction coil 3 can be fixed around the outer surface of a hollow insulating object or externally used for coils by using rigid structures such as an aluminum shell, or the coils can be sealed and fixed by using epoxy resin hard glue. The magnetic field induction coil 3 can be formed by connecting flat cables end to end, wiring a flexible Printed Circuit Board (PCB) or winding by using enameled wires. The number of turns of the magnetic field induction coil 3 may be increased and the area surrounded by the magnetic field induction coil 3 may be increased in order to improve the measurement sensitivity.
Because of the rapidly changing electric field signal generated upon lightning strike back, approximately perpendicular to the ground, in order to increase the induction strength of the fast antenna induction electrode 4, the fast antenna induction electrode 4 is arranged parallel to the shielding bottom plate 1 and is fixed on top of the magnetic field induction coil 3 by bonding or other means. The fast antenna sensing electrode 4 may be a flat electrode made of a thin metal sheet or a PCB board. The electric field induction electrode 5 sets up in the inside of rain-proof shell 2 through insulating column 11 fix on shielding bottom plate 1 and with shielding bottom plate 1 parallel arrangement, in this application embodiment, in order to save space, this application distributes electric field induction electrode 5 and fast antenna induction electrode 4 in the both sides of shielding bottom plate 1.
Example two
The arrangement of the present application is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, and the difference is only that the outline of the rainproof casing 2, the arrangement of the magnetic field induction coil 3, and the arrangement position of the electric field induction electrode 5 are different.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the top of the rain-proof upper cover 21 in the embodiment of the application is a dome, and the side wall is cylindrical, so that the accumulation of rainwater and dust on the rain-proof upper cover 21 can be effectively reduced. The electric field induction electrode 5 is arranged inside the rainproof casing 2 and is fixed on top of the fast antenna induction electrode 4 through an insulating column 11. Because the magnetic field induction coil 3, the fast antenna induction electrode 4 and the electric field induction electrode 5 are vertically arranged in a straight line, the cross section area of the rainproof upper cover 21 can be effectively reduced, and the volume of the rainproof upper cover 21 is reduced. The magnetic field induction coil 3 of the present embodiment uses a coil wound as a three-way symmetrical sphere.
Example III
The present application is basically identical to the second embodiment in terms of the configuration of the rainproof casing 2 and the configuration of the magnetic field induction coil 3.
Specifically, referring to fig. 5 and 7, the top of the rain-proof upper cover 21 in the embodiment of the application is a dome, and the side wall is cylindrical, so that accumulation of rainwater and dust on the rain-proof upper cover 21 can be effectively reduced. And the rain-proof upper cover 21 of this embodiment has a lower height than the second embodiment and a larger diameter than the second embodiment. The magnetic field induction coil 3 of the present embodiment is surrounded by a quadrature spherical coil.
Example IV
The present application is basically identical to the second embodiment in terms of the arrangement, and differs only in the arrangement position of the electric field sensing electrode 5.
Specifically, referring to fig. 8 and 9, the electric field sensing electrode 5 of the present embodiment is located above the fast antenna sensing electrode 4, but is located outside the rainproof casing 2, and is fixed at the dome of the rainproof casing 2 through the insulating column 11 and is waterproof, which is beneficial to reducing the volume of the rainproof casing 2, saving the space inside the rainproof casing 2 and improving the sensitivity of the electric field sensing electrode 5 to electric field signal detection
The implementation principle of the single-station lightning positioning and early warning device provided by the embodiment of the application is as follows: when the lightning detection device is used for detection, single-station lightning positioning, electric field intensity measurement and lightning early warning can be realized by using only one device, so that the device is more convenient to install, and the installation and use cost can be effectively reduced; the MEMS electric field sensitive device can detect electric field signals of electrostatic fields before lightning comes, and is beneficial to improving the accuracy of lightning early warning information. Through setting up four kinds of overall arrangement modes and setting up rain-proof shell 2's appearance, be favorable to reducing this application whole volume to improve the sensitivity to thunder and lightning detection and early warning.
The foregoing are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.
Claims (10)
1. A single-station lightning positioning and early warning device is characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
a rainproof shell (2) is internally provided with a shielding bottom plate (1);
the magnetic field induction coil (3) is fixed on the shielding bottom plate (1) and is arranged perpendicular to the shielding bottom plate (1) and is used for detecting a magnetic field signal generated when lightning strikes back;
a fast antenna induction electrode (4) which is arranged at the top of the magnetic field induction coil (3) and is used for detecting an electric field signal which is temporarily and rapidly changed by lightning;
the electric field induction electrode (5) is used for detecting accumulation transformation of an electric field before lightning generation and electric field change in the lightning discharge process;
the circuit processing module (6) is fixed at the bottom of the shielding bottom plate (1), and comprises a magnetic field circuit processing module (61) connected with the magnetic field induction coil (3) through a first shielding wire (7), a fast antenna processing module (62) connected with the fast antenna induction electrode (4) through a second shielding wire (8), an electric field processing module (63) connected with the electric field induction electrode (5) through a third shielding wire (9) and a core processing module (64), wherein the electric field processing module (63) comprises an MEMS electric field sensitive device and a driving circuit thereof, a power supply and data cable (10) are connected to the core processing module (64), and an opening (23) for the power supply and the data cable (10) to stretch out is formed in the rainproof shell (2).
2. The single-station lightning locating and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the MEMS electric field sensitive device is arranged in the cavity in a sealing way through sealant, the circuit processing module (6) is integrated in the metal shell, and three-proofing paint is sprayed on the surface of the metal shell.
3. The single-station lightning locating and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fast antenna induction electrode (4) is a flat plate electrode made of a thin metal sheet or a PCB, and the fast antenna induction electrode (4) is arranged parallel to the shielding bottom plate (1).
4. The single-station lightning locating and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the magnetic field induction coil (3) adopts three-dimensional distribution mainly composed of orthogonal distribution and three-way symmetrical distribution;
the magnetic field induction coil (3) is a spherical coil formed by connecting flat cables end to end, wiring by using a flexible Printed Circuit Board (PCB) or winding by using enameled wires.
5. The single-station lightning locating and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric field induction electrode (5) is arranged inside the rainproof shell (2) and is fixed on the shielding bottom plate (1) through an insulating column (11), and the electric field induction electrode (5) and the fast antenna induction electrode (4) are distributed on two sides of the shielding bottom plate (1).
6. The single-station lightning locating and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric field induction electrode (5) is integrated inside the rainproof shell (2), and the electric field induction electrode (5) is fixed above the fast antenna induction electrode (4) through an insulating column (11).
7. The single-station lightning locating and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric field induction electrode (5) is fixed outside the rainproof shell (2) through an insulating column (11) and is subjected to waterproof treatment.
8. The single-station lightning locating and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rain-proof shell (2) comprises a rain-proof upper cover (21) and a bottom plate (22), wherein the rain-proof upper cover (21) and the bottom plate (22) are fixed together through buckles or screws, a sealing coil is arranged at the joint of the rain-proof upper cover (21) and the bottom plate (22), and the shielding bottom plate (1) is fixed on the bottom plate (22) through a fixing stud (12).
9. The single-station lightning locating and early warning device according to claim 8, wherein: the rainproof upper cover (21) is arranged as a shell with a plane top plate or a shell with a dome top.
10. The single-station lightning locating and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the magnetic field circuit processing module (61) internally comprises a double integral and an anti-saturation circuit thereof, a broadband differential amplifying circuit, a filter circuit, a high-speed analog-digital conversion circuit and a high-precision positioning time service module, wherein the high-precision positioning time service module is provided with a positioning antenna to acquire time positioning data information in real time;
the fast antenna processing module (62) internally comprises an integrating circuit, an anti-saturation circuit, a low-noise operational amplifier circuit, a filter circuit and a high-speed analog-to-digital conversion circuit;
the electric field processing module (63) also comprises a current-voltage conversion circuit, a differential amplification circuit, an instrument amplifier circuit and a high-speed analog-to-digital conversion circuit;
the core processing module (64) includes a power conversion module, a programmable device, a microprocessor, and a signal output module.
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| CN202311497046.4A CN117517798A (en) | 2023-11-10 | 2023-11-10 | Single-station lightning positioning and early warning device |
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| CN202311497046.4A CN117517798A (en) | 2023-11-10 | 2023-11-10 | Single-station lightning positioning and early warning device |
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