CN117515592A - Radial grading low-emission combustor and combustion chamber - Google Patents
Radial grading low-emission combustor and combustion chamber Download PDFInfo
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- CN117515592A CN117515592A CN202311649117.8A CN202311649117A CN117515592A CN 117515592 A CN117515592 A CN 117515592A CN 202311649117 A CN202311649117 A CN 202311649117A CN 117515592 A CN117515592 A CN 117515592A
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical class [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/286—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply having fuel-air premixing devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
- F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
- F23R3/06—Arrangement of apertures along the flame tube
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/38—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply comprising rotary fuel injection means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a radial grading low-emission combustor and a combustion chamber, which relate to the technical field of combustors, wherein the combustor comprises a premixing combustor, a micro-mixing combustor and an on-duty combustor, and the micro-mixing combustor is arranged between the premixing combustor and the on-duty combustor and forms radial three-stage combustors with different combustion modes; the premixed burner is provided with a premixed fuel channel, the micro-mixed burner is provided with a micro-mixed fuel channel, the duty burner is provided with a duty fuel channel, and the three fuels are independently controlled. The combustion chamber includes a radially staged low emission combustor, a liner and a casing. The invention provides a radial grading low-emission combustor and a combustion chamber, wherein the fuel is divided into three paths at the head of the combustor, the fuel with different channels is supplied under different load working conditions of a combustion engine, and a local stable flame is formed in a flame tube, so that the pollutant low-emission operation interval is widened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of combustors, in particular to a radial grading low-emission combustor and a combustion chamber.
Background
At present, the requirements of various countries on pollutant emission are increasingly stringent. The gas turbine is core equipment in the fields of ship power, energy power, natural gas pipeline pressurization, offshore oil and gas platform power and the like. The main fuel of the gas turbine is hydrocarbon fuel, and the generated emissions are mainly nitrogen oxides (NO x ) And carbon oxides (CO, CO) 2 ) Etc., wherein NO x Is defined as pollutant, is an important assessment index of pollutant emission of the gas turbine, and the pollutant emission standard established in each country clearly limits the emission amount of NOx. Furthermore, current emissions standards place limit requirements on a wider operating range: not only require the gas turbine to reach NO under full load condition x Emission limits, which also limit pollutant emissions for low load conditions, present a greater challenge to combustor design.
Whereas traditional reduction of NO x The main modes of the method are two modes of reducing the temperature of a combustion zone and shortening the residence time of hot flue gas in a high temperature zone. Modern mainstream combustors almost exclusively employ dry low-emission DLN combustion technology that reduces the maximum temperature in the reaction zone by premixing air and fuel in advance, enhancing the mixing process. In recent years, research on micro-mixed combustion technology is mature, and the principle of the micro-mixed combustion technology is to design a plurality of groups of fuel spray holes to miniaturize a combustion reaction zone, so that the temperature of the combustion zone is more uniform, and a high-temperature flame zone is reducedTo significantly reduce thermal NO x Is arranged in the air.
Most of the gas turbines on the market at present can only guarantee NO at medium or above load x The emission reaches the standard, and the emission problem is not solved at low loads below medium. Therefore, it is necessary to design a radial staged low emission combustor and a combustor, and to apply DLN combustion technology and micro-hybrid combustion technology to achieve the standard of 0-100% load emission of the combustor, and to improve the combustion stability of the combustor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a radial grading low-emission combustor and a combustion chamber aiming at the problems existing in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the radial grading low-emission combustor comprises a premixing combustor, a micro-mixing combustor and an on-duty combustor, wherein the micro-mixing combustor is arranged between the premixing combustor and the on-duty combustor, and the premixing combustor, the micro-mixing combustor and the on-duty combustor form radial three-stage combustors with different combustion modes; the premixed burner is provided with a premixed fuel channel, the micro-mixed burner is provided with a micro-mixed fuel channel, the duty burner is provided with a duty fuel channel, and the three fuels are independently controlled.
Based on the technical scheme, further, the premixing burner comprises premixing swirler vanes, and first fuel jet holes are formed in the premixing swirler vanes.
Based on the technical scheme, the premixed burner comprises an inner layer wall and an outer layer wall, a first outlet flow passage is formed between the inner layer wall and the outer layer wall, and a premixed fuel passage is arranged on the outer periphery of the first outlet flow passage; the premixing swirler vanes are arranged in the first outlet flow passage, and the inner wall of the first outlet flow passage is provided with a second fuel jet hole. The main premixed fuel is sprayed into the first outlet flow passage through the first fuel jet holes on the blades of the premixing cyclone and the second fuel jet holes in the first outlet flow passage for mixing, and enters the flame tube from the first outlet flow passage of the premixing burner to form main premixed flame.
Based on the technical scheme, further, the outer layer wall is provided with the air mixing holes, the air mixing holes are positioned at the downstream positions of the premixing cyclone blades, and the air mixing holes are communicated with the inside of the first outlet flow passage. The air mixing holes can be used for enhancing the mixing effect of the air and the fuel in the first outlet flow passage.
Based on the technical scheme, still further, little mixed burner includes the cover body and central spray lance, has offered the spacing hole that a plurality of interval was arranged on the cover body, is equipped with a central spray lance in every spacing hole, and little mixed fuel passageway of central spray lance bottom intercommunication, and forms the second outlet runner between central spray lance and the spacing hole inner wall, and central spray lance and spacing hole constitute the burning unit body, and the interval between the adjacent burning unit body is less than the diameter of every burning unit body.
Based on the technical scheme, further, the central spray rod is provided with spray rod blades, and third fuel jet holes are arranged between adjacent spray rod blades, wherein the axial positions of the third fuel jet holes are within the lengths of the spray rod blades; the end part of the central spray rod is of a conical structure, and the conical structure is arranged to prevent the backfire at the outlet position from burning out the central spray rod of the micro-mixed burner. The number of the spray boom blades is 3-6, the blade shape of the spray boom blades is of a triangular structure, the angle is 30-60 degrees, and the swirl number is not more than 0.5.
Based on the technical scheme, furthermore, install the floating seal ring between inlayer wall and the cover body, the combustor of on duty constitutes a whole with little mixed burner, inserts outer premix burner through the floating seal ring, forms radial three-layer fuel classification, the inspection and the change of the little mixed burner of center on duty and centre of being convenient for. Specifically, the inner wall is provided with a mounting groove, a part of the structure of the floating sealing ring is mounted in the mounting groove, and a part of the structure of the floating sealing ring is arranged in a gap between the inner wall and the cover body in a floating manner.
Based on the technical scheme, further, the on-duty combustor includes flange and center body, is equipped with on-duty fuel channel and little mixed fuel channel on the flange, has seted up the mounting hole on the cover body, and the center body is installed in the mounting hole, and forms the third outlet runner between center body and the mounting hole inner wall.
Based on the technical scheme, further, the on-duty cyclone blade is arranged in the third outlet flow passage, a fourth fuel jet hole is arranged at the downstream of the on-duty cyclone blade, and the fourth fuel jet hole is arranged on the central body. Wherein the on duty swirler vanes and fourth fuel jet holes are used in combination for diffusion combustion.
The utility model provides a combustion chamber, includes a radial staged low emission combustor, still includes flame tube and receiver, and the receiver is installed in the flame tube outside, and air gets into by combustion chamber inlet channel, flows through the air channel that forms between flame tube outer wall and the receiver inner wall and gets into radial staged low emission combustor, sends the fuel into in the flame tube through controlling different fuel channel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention provides a radial grading low-emission combustor and a combustion chamber, wherein the fuel is divided into three paths at the head of the combustor, the fuel with different channels is supplied under different load working conditions of a combustion engine, and a local stable flame is formed in a flame tube, so that the pollutant low-emission operation interval is widened. At low load, the device mainly works by a middle micro-mixing burner, and the final NO is realized because the temperature of hot flue gas is uniform and a flame zone with overhigh temperature cannot appear X Pollutant emission of not more than 25ppm @15% O 2 Is within the emission standards; at high loads, the central duty fuel may be completely shut off by the outer premix burner operation. The fuel reduction of the middle micro-mixing burner is mainly used for maintaining the stable combustion of the outer-layer premixing burner, and the pollutant NO can be generated at the moment X Emissions are reduced to single digits.
(2) The on-duty burner and the micro-mixed burner form a whole, and the floating sealing ring is inserted into the center of the outer-layer premixed burner to form radial three-layer fuel classification, so that the on-duty burner and the middle micro-mixed burner can be conveniently checked and replaced. In addition, the premixed burner, the micro-mixed burner and the duty burner are arranged at the head part of the combustion chamber and are radially distributed, and the duty burner is positioned at the central positionThe premixing burner is positioned on the outer layer, the micro-mixing burner is positioned in the middle, and the three burner outlets are preferably arranged on the same plane. The micro-mixed burner is arranged between the premixed burner and the duty burner and is mainly used for realizing NO of the combustion chamber under the low-load working condition X Low emissions and stable premixed combustion flame at high load conditions instead of on duty burners, resulting in lower pollutant NO X And (5) discharging. Specifically, the micro-mixed combustor has the function of pushing the load to 30% under the low-load working condition, and the pollutant emission can be ensured to reach the standard in the micro-mixed combustion state. The micro-premix burner acts primarily to stabilize the premix burner after the premix burner is cut into combustion and can bring about lower pollutant emissions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a low-stage discharge burner of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a premix swirler in a low-stage discharge burner according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a class III burner and micro-mix burner combination in a low-emission burner of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a pilot burner and a micro-hybrid burner of the low-emission burner of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the center boom structure of the low-stage discharge burner of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a double layer arrangement of the micro-mixed combustor in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an overall longitudinal cross-sectional view of the low-emission combustor of the present invention;
reference numerals:
1. a premix burner; 2. a micro-mix burner; 3. an on-duty burner; 4. a flame tube; 5. a casing; 6. a premix fuel housing; 7. an air-mixing hole; 8. premixing swirler vanes; 9. a floating seal ring; 10. a cover body; 11. a center spray bar; 12. duty swirler vanes; 13. a fourth fuel injection hole; 14. a central body; 15. a flange; 16. a first fuel jet aperture; 17. a second fuel jet aperture; 18. a boom blade; 19. a third fuel injection hole; 20. an inner wall; 21. an outer wall; 22. premixing the fuel passages; 23. a micro-mixing fuel channel; 24. an on-duty fuel channel; 25. an inlet passage; 26. an air passage; 27. a first outlet flow passage; 28. a second outlet flow passage; 29. and a third outlet flow passage.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated and described below with reference to the drawings and detailed description. The technical features of the embodiments of the invention can be combined correspondingly on the premise of no mutual conflict.
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, whereby the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. The technical features of the embodiments of the invention can be combined correspondingly on the premise of no mutual conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected with intervening elements present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" to another element, there are no intervening elements present.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing between the descriptions and not necessarily for the purpose of indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-4, a radial staged low emission combustor comprises a premix combustor 1, a micro-hybrid combustor 2 and an on-duty combustor 3, wherein the micro-hybrid combustor 2 is arranged between the premix combustor 1 and the on-duty combustor 3, and the premix combustor 1, the micro-hybrid combustor 2 and the on-duty combustor 3 form radial three-stage combustors with different combustion modes; premixingThe burner 1 is provided with a premix fuel channel 22, the micro-mixed burner 2 is provided with a micro-mixed fuel channel 23, the on-duty burner 3 is provided with an on-duty fuel channel 24, and the three fuels are controlled independently. The on-duty burner 3 arranged in the central position is mainly used for diffusion combustion and is used for starting ignition and rotating speed increasing stages of the gas turbine; the micro-mixed burner 2 is arranged in the middle, part of combustion chamber fuel and air enter the flame tube 4 from the middle micro-mixed burner 2, the air and the fuel are mixed in a plurality of small-volume combustion units consisting of a central spray rod 11 and a limiting hole of the micro-mixed burner and enter the flame tube 4 for combustion, the effect of low emission and high load stable main premixing of the burner is realized under low load, preferably, the micro-mixed burner consists of 1-2 circles of combustion units, and the number of each circle of combustion units is preferably 12-16; the premix burner 1 provided at the outermost layer mixes and burns the air and the fuel in advance in the first outlet flow passage 27 where the premix swirler vanes 8 are located as a main burner of the combustion chamber. Specifically, when the gas turbine is in low load, the micro-mixed combustion mode is started, so that pollutant NO can be realized under the low load working condition of the gas turbine X The emission reaches 25ppm@15%O 2 . When the gas turbine enters a high-load working condition, the gas turbine enters a premixed combustion mode in which the premixed combustor 1 works, at the moment, the central duty fuel can be completely closed, the fuel of the middle micro-mixed combustor 2 is reduced, the gas turbine is mainly used for maintaining the combustion stability of the outer-layer premixed combustor 1, and the pollutant NO can be realized X The effect of emissions reduction to single digits.
Specifically, the premix burner 1 includes a premix swirler vane 8, an inner wall 20 and an outer wall 21, and the premix swirler vane 8 is provided with first fuel injection holes 16, where a pressure surface and a suction surface of the premix swirler vane 8 are respectively provided with a plurality of first fuel injection holes 16, the number of holes is preferably 3-6, and the number of the first fuel injection holes 16 on two sides can be the same or different. A first outlet flow passage 27 is formed between the inner layer wall 20 and the outer layer wall 21, a premix fuel passage 22 is arranged on the outer periphery of the first outlet flow passage 27, the premix fuel passage 22 is formed by an external premix fuel shell 6, specifically, the premix fuel shell 6 is arranged on the periphery of the outer side wall, a cavity structure is arranged in the shell, a premix fuel passage 22 is formed by a cavity formed between the shell and the outer side wall, and the premix fuel passage 22 is communicated with the first outlet flow passage 27 through a first fuel jet hole 16 on the premix swirler vane 8; the premixing swirler vanes 8 are arranged in the first outlet flow passage 27, and the inner wall of the first outlet flow passage 27 is provided with the second fuel jet holes 17. The main premixed fuel is injected into the first outlet flow passage 27 through the first fuel jet holes 16 on the premixed swirler vanes 8 and the second fuel jet holes 17 in the first outlet flow passage 27 for mixing, and enters the flame tube 4 from the first outlet flow passage 27 of the premixed burner 1 to form a main premixed flame. The outer layer wall 21 is provided with air mixing holes 7, the air mixing holes 7 are positioned at the downstream position of the premixing cyclone blades 8, the air mixing holes 7 are communicated with the inside of the first outlet flow passage 27, part of air enters the flame tube 4 from the air mixing holes 7 after entering the first outlet flow passage 27, and the effect of enhancing the mixing effect of the air and the fuel in the first outlet flow passage 27 can be achieved by arranging the air mixing holes 7. The inlet position of the air-entraining apertures 7 of the premix burner 1 is located at a distance from the first outlet flow channel 27 of the premix burner 1, preventing insufficient mixing of air with the main premix flow.
Further, the micro-mixed burner 2 comprises a cover body 10 and a central spray rod 11, a plurality of spacing holes which are arranged at intervals are formed in the cover body 10, a central spray rod 11 is arranged in each spacing hole, the front end of the central spray rod 11 is a certain distance away from the outlet end of the second outlet flow passage 28, the spray rod blades 18 of the micro-mixed burner 2 and the inner passage wall surface of the cover body 10 of the micro-mixed burner 2 keep a certain gap, the bottom of the central spray rod 11 is communicated with the micro-mixed fuel passage 23, a second outlet flow passage 28 is formed between the central spray rod 11 and the inner wall of each spacing hole, and the central spray rod 11 and the spacing holes jointly form a small-volume combustion unit body, and micro-mixed fuel enters the flame tube 4 from the front end of each combustion unit body through the micro-mixed fuel passage 23 to form micro-mixed combustion with air entering the micro-mixed burner 2. As shown in fig. 5, the central spray rod 11 is provided with spray rod blades 18, and third fuel jet holes 19 are arranged between adjacent spray rod blades 18, wherein the axial position of the third fuel jet holes 19 is within the length of the spray rod blades 18; the end of the central spray rod 11 is in a conical structure, and the conical structure is arranged to prevent backfire at the outlet position from burning out the central spray rod 11 of the micro-hybrid combustor 2. The number of the spray boom blades 18 is preferably 3-6, the blade shape of the spray boom blades 18 is of a triangular structure, the angle is 30-60 degrees, and the swirl number is not more than 0.5. A floating sealing ring 9 which is beneficial to installation is installed between the inner layer wall 20 and the cover body 10, an installation groove is formed in the inner layer wall 20, a part of the floating sealing ring 9 is structurally installed in the installation groove, and a part of the floating sealing ring 9 is floatingly arranged in a gap between the inner layer wall 20 and the cover body 10.
Further, the on-duty burner 3 includes a flange 15 and a central body 14, the flange 15 is provided with an on-duty fuel channel 24 and a micro-mixing fuel channel 23, the cover 10 is provided with a mounting hole, the central body 14 is mounted in the mounting hole, and a third outlet flow channel 29 is formed between the central body 14 and the inner wall of the mounting hole. The third outlet flow passage 29 is internally provided with an on-duty cyclone blade 12, and the downstream of the on-duty cyclone blade 12 is provided with a fourth fuel jet hole 13, and the fourth fuel jet hole 13 is arranged on the central body 14. Wherein the on-duty swirler vanes 12 and fourth fuel injection holes 13 are combined for diffusion combustion. That is, the central on-duty burner 3 is integrated with the externally disposed micro-mix burner 2, and is connected to the flange 15 of the on-duty burner 3 by a fuel passage.
Based on the specific structure of the radial grading low-emission burner, when the gas turbine is started, air enters the combustion chamber, the duty fuel channel 24 is filled with duty fuel at the moment, and the igniter starts to ignite the duty burner 3; with the increase of the duty fuel, the gas turbine increases the rotating speed to the full-speed idle working condition, the duty fuel and the micro-mixed fuel are switched, the micro-mixed fuel is gradually increased, the duty fuel is gradually reduced to zero, the combustion chamber flame is switched from the diffusion combustion of the duty combustor 3 to the micro-mixed combustion of the micro-mixed combustor 2, and the pollutant discharge of the combustion chamber can reach 25ppm@15%O 2 Is within the emission standards of (c). Specifically, as the micro-mix fuel increases, the gas turbine load gradually increases. When the load of the gas turbine reaches 30 percent of the load, the combustion heat load in the flame tube 4 enables the outer premixed burner 1 to burn stably due to the higher temperature of the incoming air of the combustion chamber, and the micro-premixed burner 2 can burn stably due to the equivalent weightThe ratio is too high, and the pollutant emission reaches the boundary exceeding the standard; at this time, the fuel is required to be switched again, that is, the slightly mixed fuel is gradually reduced, the premixed fuel is gradually increased, and finally the slightly mixed fuel accounts for about 10%, and the premixed fuel accounts for about 90%. The combustion state of the combustion chamber is switched from micro-mixed combustion to premixed combustion, and the micro-mixed combustor 2 mainly plays a role in maintaining the combustion stability of the premixed combustor 1.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 6, unlike in example 1, the micro-mixed burner 2 provided at the middle position was provided with a double-layered small-volume combustion unit body, and the inner and outer layers of small-volume combustion unit bodies were staggered with each other. And the space between the small-volume combustion unit bodies of the micro-mixed combustor 2 is smaller than the diameter of the combustion unit bodies, so that the micro-mixed combustor is convenient for full combustion. Other structures and principles are the same as those of embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 7, a combustion chamber is implemented based on one of the radially staged low emission burners of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, comprising a flame tube 4 and a casing 5, the casing 5 being mounted outside the flame tube 4, air being introduced through a combustion chamber inlet passage 25, passing through an air passage 26 formed between the outer wall of the flame tube 4 and the inner wall of the casing 5 into the radially staged low emission burner, and fuel being introduced into the flame tube 4 by controlling different fuel passages. Wherein, the duty burner 3 and the micro-mixed burner 2 can be taken as a whole, are communicated with the combustor flame tube 4 through the floating sealing ring 9 of the inserted pre-mixed burner 1, and form radial three-layer fuel classification; while the outer premix burner 1 consists of premix fuel passages 22, premix swirler vanes 8, first fuel injection holes 16, second fuel injection holes 17 and air entrainment holes 7, the air and fuel being thoroughly mixed in the premix burner 1 into the liner 4 for combustion.
Specifically, the high pressure air from the incoming flow of the compressor enters the combustion chamber through the combustion chamber inlet passage 25, and flows through the air passage 26 formed by the flame tube 4 and the casing 5 to enter the radially staged low emission burner at the head. Wherein about 60% of the combustion chamber air enters the flame tube 4 through the outer premix burner 1, the air forms a swirl through the premix swirler vanes 8, the premix fuel is injected into the first outlet flow passage 27 through the premix fuel passage 22 from the first fuel injection holes 16 on the premix swirler vanes 8 and the outer second fuel injection holes 17 for mixing, and enters the flame tube 4 from the first outlet flow passage 27 of the outer premix burner 1 to form a main premix flame. An air blending hole 7 is arranged at the downstream position of the premixing cyclone vane 8, part of air enters the first outlet flow passage 27 from the air blending hole 7, and the air and fuel mixing in the first outlet flow passage 27 is further enhanced. The air-mixing holes 7 of the premix burner 1 are at a distance from the inlet end of the first outlet flow channel 27, preventing air from being insufficiently mixed with the main premix flow; about 30% of the combustion chamber air enters the liner 4 from the micro-mix burner 2. The micro-mixed fuel enters the flame tube 4 from the front end of each small-volume combustion unit body of the micro-mixed combustor 2 through the micro-mixed fuel channel 23, and forms micro-mixed combustion with air entering the micro-mixed combustor 2; about 10% of the combustion air enters the flame tube 4 from the on-duty burner 3, and the on-duty burner 3 is provided with on-duty swirler vanes 12 and fourth fuel jet holes 13 for diffusion combustion.
The combustion process is as follows: as the micro-mixed fuel increases, the gas turbine load gradually increases; when the load of the gas turbine reaches 30%, the combustion heat load in the flame tube 4 enables the outer premixed burner 1 to burn stably due to the higher temperature of the incoming air of the combustion chamber, and the pollutant emission of the micro-premixed burner 2 reaches the boundary exceeding the standard due to the excessively high equivalence ratio. At this time, fuel switching is required again, namely the slightly mixed fuel is gradually reduced, the premixed fuel is gradually increased, and finally the slightly mixed fuel accounts for about 10%, and the premixed fuel accounts for about 90%; the combustion state of the combustion chamber is switched from micro-mixed combustion to premixed combustion, and at this time, the micro-mixed combustor 2 mainly plays a role in maintaining stable combustion of the premixed combustor 1.
Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and that the simple modification and equivalent substitution of the technical solution of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The radial grading low-emission combustor is characterized by comprising a premixing combustor, a micro-mixing combustor and an on-duty combustor, wherein the micro-mixing combustor is arranged between the premixing combustor and the on-duty combustor, and the premixing combustor, the micro-mixing combustor and the on-duty combustor are radially distributed and form radial three-stage combustors with different combustion modes;
the premixed burner is provided with a premixed fuel channel, the micro-mixed burner is provided with a micro-mixed fuel channel, the duty burner is provided with a duty fuel channel, and the three fuels are independently controlled.
2. The radial staged low emission burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the micro-mixed burner comprises a cover body and a central spray rod, wherein a plurality of spacing holes are arranged on the cover body at intervals, a central spray rod is arranged in each spacing hole, the bottom of the central spray rod is communicated with the micro-mixed fuel channel, a second outlet flow passage is formed between the central spray rod and the inner wall of each spacing hole, the central spray rod and the spacing holes form combustion unit bodies, and the distance between adjacent combustion unit bodies is smaller than the diameter of each combustion unit body.
3. The radially staged low emission burner of claim 2, wherein the center boom has boom blades with third fuel orifices disposed between adjacent boom blades and wherein the end of the center boom has a tapered configuration.
4. The radial staged low emission burner as claimed in claim 2, wherein the on-duty burner comprises a flange and a central body, the flange is provided with an on-duty fuel channel and a micro-mixing fuel channel, the cover is provided with a mounting hole, the central body is mounted in the mounting hole, and a third outlet flow channel is formed between the central body and the inner wall of the mounting hole.
5. The radially staged low emission burner of claim 4, wherein a duty swirler vane is disposed in the third outlet flow passage and a fourth fuel jet orifice is disposed downstream of the duty swirler vane and is open to the centerbody.
6. The radially staged low emission combustor as defined in claim 2, wherein the premix burner includes premix swirler vanes having first fuel jet holes formed therein.
7. The radially staged low emission burner of claim 6, wherein the premix burner comprises an inner wall and an outer wall forming a first outlet flow passage therebetween, the first outlet flow passage having a premix fuel passage disposed about an exterior thereof; the premixing swirler vanes are arranged in the first outlet flow passage, and the inner wall of the first outlet flow passage is provided with a second fuel jet hole.
8. The radially staged low emission burner of claim 7, wherein the outer wall defines air mixing holes, the air mixing holes being located downstream of the premix swirler vanes and the air mixing holes being in communication with the interior of the first outlet flow passage.
9. The radially staged low emission burner of claim 7, wherein a floating seal ring is mounted between the inner wall and the housing, the on duty burner being integral with the micro-hybrid burner, the floating seal ring being inserted into the outer premix burner to form a radially triple fuel stage.
10. A combustion chamber comprising a radially staged low emission burner as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9,
the fuel-saving burner further comprises a flame tube and a casing, wherein the casing is arranged outside the flame tube, air enters through an inlet channel of the combustion chamber, flows through an air channel formed between the outer wall of the flame tube and the inner wall of the casing, enters into the radial graded low-emission burner, and is fed into the flame tube by controlling different fuel channels.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311649117.8A CN117515592A (en) | 2023-12-04 | 2023-12-04 | Radial grading low-emission combustor and combustion chamber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311649117.8A CN117515592A (en) | 2023-12-04 | 2023-12-04 | Radial grading low-emission combustor and combustion chamber |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117515592A true CN117515592A (en) | 2024-02-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311649117.8A Pending CN117515592A (en) | 2023-12-04 | 2023-12-04 | Radial grading low-emission combustor and combustion chamber |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117515592A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-12-04 CN CN202311649117.8A patent/CN117515592A/en active Pending
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