CN101737802B - Central cavity stable fire tangential combustion chamber - Google Patents
Central cavity stable fire tangential combustion chamber Download PDFInfo
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- CN101737802B CN101737802B CN 200910241247 CN200910241247A CN101737802B CN 101737802 B CN101737802 B CN 101737802B CN 200910241247 CN200910241247 CN 200910241247 CN 200910241247 A CN200910241247 A CN 200910241247A CN 101737802 B CN101737802 B CN 101737802B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a central cavity stable fire tangential combustion chamber, which consists of a shunting type diffuser, a combustion chamber external cartridge receiver, a central cavity rear step pre-combustion stage, an outer ring blunt body flame stabilizer main combustion stage, an inner ring blunt body flame stabilizer main combustion stage, a fuel supply system, an inner flame tube, an outer flame tube and an outlet supporting plate. An air flow with a deflection angle is diffused into the combustion chamber by the shunting type diffuser; the central cavity pre-combustion stage consists of a rear step, a top plate, a nozzle, a tangential slot inner ring and a tangential slot outer ring, and in the pre-combustion stage, the flame is stabilized by a low-speed recirculation zone generated by the rear step; the inner ring and the outer ring blunt body flame stabilizer main combustion stages consist of the inner ring, the outer ring and blunt body stabilizers with deflection angles, the high temperature and high pressure fuel jetted out of the inner ring and outer ring blunt body flame stabilizers is mixed with air, is ignited by the pre-combustion stage, and is burnt stably in a low-speed zone after a blunt body; and the outlet supporting plate is arranged between the inner flame tube and the outer flame tube and has an included angle with the axial line of the combustion chamber, and the outlet gas of the combustion chamber has an deflection angle. The central cavity stable fire tangential combustion chamber realizes tangential flow and tangential combustion while ensuring stable combustion for providing power; besides, the structure is simplified, and the weight of the combustion chamber is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is the gas-turbine combustion chamber of a kind of tangential admission, burning, exhaust, guaranteeing to flow in the tangential, in the burning, making combustion chamber and even whole gas turbine contraction in length, and compact conformation, weight reduces.
Background technology
The key property of modern gas turbines combustion chamber and structure distribution have reached quite high level; But for the modern gas turbines combustion chamber; Still have some difficult problems and challenge, the development and application of new material, new technology, new construction, new ideas is only and guarantees that it continues progressive source.
Its burning organizational form of conventional gas-turbine combustion chamber is on the main basis of flowing vertically of air-flow, to utilize the local low speed recirculating zone in primary zone to form the smooth combustion of continuity point burning things which may cause a fire disaster; And adopt suitable fuel system atomized fuel; The air share split gets into burner inner liner can guarantee the primary zone near appropriate oil-gas ratio, thereby guarantees the stability and high efficiency burning.This shows; It mainly is on the basis of axial flow, to make up that burning in the conventional combustion chamber is organized; In order to obtain flow losses characteristic preferably, require it to import and export air-flow and all flow vertically, so the guide vane parts that for conventional combustion chamber, are absolutely necessary.
Traditional gas turbine, generally the turbine expansion system by annular compression system, combustion system and annular constitutes.Air gets into the combustion chamber through compressibility and mixes the burning of formation gas mixture with fuel oil, and then gets into the circular passage of turbine.Air is before getting into the combustion chamber; Through compressibility is the compressor compression; Under the effect of compressor rotor and stator; Air in compressor with the gyration of certain tangential velocity, about 30 ° to 55 ° of its air-flow angles with respect to the axis of gas turbine, the size of this air-flow angle and the rotating speed of whole gas turbine have much relations.Compressed air is when getting into the combustion chamber, and the blower outlet straightener(stator) blade can become straight with its rectification, and compressed air is 0 ° with respect to the angle of gas turbine axis, (being parallel and longitudinal axis gas turbine).Compressed air in the combustion chamber, mix with fuel oil form mixture burns after, combustion gas is still flowed along the gas turbine axis direction, then gets into turbine.Before getting into turbine, combustion gas changes flow direction under the effect of nozzle ring, forms the gyration that has certain tangential velocity once more, and general air-flow angle is about 70 ° with respect to the axis of gas turbine.
The fluid deflection degree will certainly form certain angle of attack, and this angle of attack is that to rotor blade mechanical force to be provided needed so that give rotary driving force to turbine section first order rotor.But the distribution of this air-flow angle also be gas turbine especially the combustion chamber band many problems and defective.The air of blower outlet has certain angle; In 30 ° to 55 ° scopes, air constantly by rectification (angle is got back to 0 °), then enters into the combustion chamber and participates in burning before getting into the combustion chamber; Change direction when getting into turbine afterwards once more, about 70 ° of the angle of formation.The continuous change at the mobile inclination angle of the air of this gas turbine of flowing through requires blower outlet straightener(stator) blade and turbine inlet guiding to produce powerful aerodynamic force, and this pneumatic side is harmful especially to the gas turbine overall efficiency.
In addition; The pressure that reduces under the pressure of the size and the weight of aero-gas turbine; The length of conventional combustion chamber also shortens thereupon greatly, and the atomizing of fuel oil, evaporation, blending and burning are all carried out vertically, and too short combustion chamber length will certainly have influence on efficiency of combustion and outlet temperature distributes.And the axial burning organizational form in the conventional combustion chamber well is not used the tangential momentum of blower outlet air-flow, and this will need in technology of advanced combustion chamber to consider in future.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: the deficiency that overcomes prior art; A kind of center cavity stable fire tangential combustion chamber is provided; Guarantee the smooth combustion of burning under the condition of tangential, join the coupling of flame and pre-combustion grade and main combustion level, to realize cramped construction; Simplified structure reduces the purpose of combustion chamber and even whole gas turbine length and weight.
Technical solution of the present invention: the center cavity stable fire tangential combustion chamber is characterized in that: fire level (50), interior ring bluff body flameholder master by casing (11), center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (44), outer shroud bluff body flameholder master in shunting diffuser (10), outer combustion case (12), the combustion chamber and fire level (51), a fuel oil supply system (48), interior burner inner liner (20), outer burner inner liner (19) and outlet support plate (21) formation; Described center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (44) is made up of ring (17) and tangential slot outer shroud (14) in top board (24), backward step (16), nozzle (15), the tangential slot; Circumference is connected top board (24) along the place with backward step (16); Nozzle (15) is placed on the radial end face of backward step (16); What ring (17) and tangential slot outer shroud (14) were placed in backward step (16) and top board (24) respectively in the tangential slot is the inside circumference and the outside of axle with the engine axis; Ring (17), tangential slot outer shroud (14), backward step (16) and top board (24) four form the circumferential pre-combustion grade cavity (30) that section is semiclosed rectangle in the tangential slot; Air gets into pre-combustion grade cavity (30) tangential through tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential admission groove (25) and flows the low speed recirculating zone retention flame that utilizes backward step (16) to produce; Described outer shroud bluff body flameholder master fires level (50) and interior ring bluff body flameholder master is fired the common master's of the composition combustion of level (51) level; Outer shroud bluff body flameholder master is fired level (50) and interior ring bluff body flameholder master and is fired grade (51) and be made up of outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) and interior ring bluff body flameholder (18) respectively; Outer shroud bluff body flameholder master is fired level (50) and interior ring bluff body flameholder master, and to fire grade (51) both structures identical; Outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) is placed between the outer side surface and outer burner inner liner (20) internal face of tangential slot outer shroud (14); The leading edge of outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) flushes with the leading edge of tangential slot outer shroud (14); Interior ring bluff body flameholder (18) is placed between the interior sidewall surface and interior burner inner liner (19) outside wall surface of ring (17) in the tangential slot; In the leading edge of ring bluff body flameholder (18) flush with the leading edge of tangential slot outer shroud (17), during the installation of outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) and interior ring bluff body flameholder (18) and engine axis deflection angle is arranged; Fuel oil supply system (48) is made up of nozzle mount pad (45), liquid fuel pipe (46) and HTHP fuel pipe (47); Fuel oil supply system (48) links to each other with outer combustion case (12) through nozzle mount pad (45); The liquid fuel pipe is supplied with liquid fuel to nozzle (15); HTHP fuel pipe (47) is supplied with the HTHP fuel oil; Be connected with top board (24); The HTHP oil supplying hole (52) of ring (14) is supplied with the HTHP fuel oil in outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) and interior ring bluff body flameholder (18) in top board (24), backward step (16), tangential slot outer shroud (17) and tangential slot; A main combustion level HTHP fuel oil (34) that ejects in outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) and the interior ring bluff body flameholder (18) mixes with air by center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (44) and ignites, and the low regime smooth combustion behind bluff body; Said outlet support plate (21) is placed in the exit of interior burner inner liner (20) and outer burner inner liner (19), and outlet support plate (21) has angle with the combustion chamber axis, and burning after-burner outlet combustion gas has deflection angle.
The air of said center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (44) distributes and accounts for 5%～20% of whole burning tolerance, and outer shroud bluff body flameholder master is fired the air distribution that level (50) and interior ring bluff body flameholder master fire level (51) and accounted for 60%～90% of whole burning tolerance; Whole combustion chamber has 12～18 pre-combustion grade, 20 °～30 ° of single pre-combustion grade cycle segment angles.
Described shunting diffuser (10) is divided into three strands of air-flows by two splitters with air-flow; Be central gas stream (2), outer shroud air-flow (54) and interior ring air-flow (55); Make air-flow be uniformly scattered onto head of combustion chamber, three strands of exit flows of shunting diffuser (10) are upwards turned back.
Ring (17) and tangential slot outer shroud (14) have tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential admission groove (25) in the tangential slot of described center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (44); Tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential admission groove (25) and 15 °～30 ° of tangent to periphery angles; Tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential slot width (38) is 1.0mm～1.5mm; Tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential gas flow (4) gets into the inner pre-combustion grade cavity (30) of center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (44) through tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential admission groove (25) and forms tangential gas flow; Tangential slot outer shroud (14) flow accounts for 20%～50% of center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (44), and ring (17) flow accounts for 20%～50% of center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (44) in the tangential slot.
The top board (24) of described center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (44) has and mobile a plurality of top board tangential admissions holes (26) in the opposite direction, the interior air-flow of pre-combustion grade cavity (30) tangential; Top board tangential admission hole (26) and 15 °～30 ° of engine axis angles; Top board tangential hole diameter (41) is 0.5mm～1.0mm; Number of aperture 65～135, gas inlet hole strengthens recirculating zone (32) in the pre-combustion grade cavity behind the backward step (16), and flow is 10%～50% of center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (a 44) flow.
The nozzle (15) of said center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (44) is placed on backward step (16) radial end face, is 5 °～60 ° with belonging to the axial cross section angle.
Ring (14) all has HTHP oil supplying hole (52), aperture 0.4mm～1mm in the top board (24) of described center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (44), backward step (16), tangential slot outer shroud (17), the tangential slot; HTHP fuel pipe (47) is connected with backward step (16), and the HTHP oil supplying hole (52) of ring (14) is interconnected in backward step (16), top board (24), tangential slot outer shroud (17) and the tangential slot; Fuel oil supply system (48) is supplied with HTHP fuel oil (53) in the stabilizer through HTHP oil supplying hole (52) in outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) and interior ring bluff body flameholder (18).
When said outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) and interior ring bluff body flameholder (18) are installed and the deflection angle of engine axis be 10 °～60.
Described outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) and interior ring bluff body flameholder (18) are hollow-core construction; Outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) and interior ring bluff body flameholder (18) wall are radially opened a plurality of bluff body flameholder of single row or multiple rows fuel jet (27); The aperture of said bluff body flameholder fuel jet (27) is 0.5mm～1mm; Main combustion level HTHP fuel oil (34) outwards sprays from outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) and interior ring bluff body flameholder (18) through bluff body flameholder fuel jet (27), and perforate is chosen in 10%～20% the position that accounts for passage length apart from channel outlet.
The interior burner inner liner (11) of said combustion chamber and the type of cooling of outer burner inner liner (12) adopt the air film cooling, disperse the cooling or the compound type of cooling, wall surface temperature is controlled the life-span that prolongs burner inner liner.
Described combustor exit support plate (21) is 5 °～70 ° with the angle of combustion chamber axis; Said outlet support plate (21) number is 24～48.
Principle of the present invention: center cavity stable fire tangential combustion chamber of the present invention, be by casing, center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade, outer shroud bluff body flameholder master in shunting diffuser, outer combustion case, the combustion chamber fire level, interior ring bluff body flameholder master is fired level, fuel oil supply system, interior burner inner liner, outer burner inner liner and is exported support plate and constitutes.It is inner that the air-flow at belt deflector angle gets into the combustion chamber through shunting diffuser diffusion; Described center cavity pre-combustion grade is made up of ring and tangential slot outer shroud in backward step, top board, nozzle, the tangential slot, the low speed recirculating zone retention flame that utilizes backward step to produce in the pre-combustion grade; Described inner and outer rings bluff body flameholder master is fired grade bluff body stabilizer by inside and outside two endless belt deflection angles and is constituted; The HTHP fuel oil that ejects in the inner and outer rings bluff body flameholder mixes with air by center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade to be lighted, and the low regime smooth combustion behind bluff body; Between the outlet of burner inner liner and outer burner inner liner, with the combustion chamber axis angle is arranged in said outlet support plate is installed in, the combustor exit combustion gas has deflection angle.The present invention utilizes the tangential of the air-flow that gets into center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade cavity to flow, under the effect of backward step circumferentially forming a plurality of recirculating zones, in order to produce a plurality of stable burning things which may cause a fire disaster that makes progress in week.The inner and outer rings of igniting again bluff body stabilizer master is fired the fuel-air mixture after the level, smooth combustion in the low regime behind bluff body.Flowing in the tangential that is utilized in the combustion chamber, the residence time of air-flow in the combustion chamber is increased, thereby can shorten combustion chamber length.Adopt the tangential inlet and outlet can save compressor afterbody stator and turbine inlet guiding, and cancelled the head design of traditional combustion chamber, simplified the inner structure in combustion chamber, make whole gas turbine structure compact simultaneously, contraction in length, weight reduces.
The present invention's advantage compared with prior art is following:
(1) the present invention utilizes the backward step pre-combustion grade of the steady fire of center cavity, and inner and outer ring bluff body flameholder master is fired level, the comparatively simple version of employing; Realized that the tangential is mobile, tangential firing is under less combustion chamber length; Realize the residence time of longer burning indoor air flow; Make gas turbine structure compact, length reduces, and weight reduces;
(2) adopt the backward step pre-combustion grade of the steady fire of center cavity, cancelled the head design of gas-turbine combustion chamber eddy flow cup air inlet commonly used, when reaching identical flame holding, simplified the structure of combustion chamber;
(3) bluff body flameholder master is fired level, and perforate is sprayed on the single stabilizer, and the fuel that adapts to the different pressures temperature sprays, and multi-point injection has improved outlet temperature circumferentially distribution and radial distribution;
(4) burner inner liner does not adopt the blending hole design, has simplified the burner inner liner structure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the work sketch map of the present invention on gas turbine;
Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a combustion chamber internal structure sketch map
Fig. 4 is a pre-combustion grade internal structure top view;
Fig. 5 is the inside and outside tangential slot sketch map of pre-combustion grade
Fig. 6 is that pre-combustion grade top board master looks sketch map;
Fig. 7 is a pre-combustion grade top board schematic top plan view;
Fig. 8 is a bluff body flameholder sketch map;
Fig. 9 is main combustion level flameholder access diagram;
Figure 10 is an outlet support plate sketch map;
Figure 11 is that the pre-combustion grade master is fired a grade domain sketch map.
Among the figure: 1. combustion chamber inlet air flow, 2. central gas stream, 3. bluff body flameholder master is fired a grade air-flow, 4. tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential gas flow, 5. pre-combustion grade fuel injected; 6. bluff body flameholder master is fired a grade combustion zone, 7. center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade combustion zone, 8. burner inner liner internal gas flow, 9. combustor exit air-flow, 10. shunting diffuser; 11. casing in the combustion chamber, 12. outer combustion cases, 13. outer shroud bluff body flameholders, 14. tangential slot outer shrouds, 15. nozzles; 16. ring in the backward step, 17. tangential slots, 18. interior ring bluff body flameholders, 19. outer burner inner liners, 20. interior burner inner liners; 21 outlet support plates, 22. combustor exits, 23. combustion chamber imports, 24. top boards, 25. tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential admission grooves; 26. top board tangential admission hole, 27. bluff body flameholder fuel jets, circumferential air-flow in the 30. pre-combustion grade cavitys, 31. pre-combustion grade cavitys, recirculating zone in the 32. pre-combustion grade cavitys; 33. the top board tangential admission, 34. main combustion level HTHP fuel oils, 44. center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade, 45. nozzle mount pads; 46. the liquid fuel pipe, 47. HTHP fuel pipes, 48. fuel oil supply systems, 49. burner inner liner cooling holes; 50. outer shroud bluff body flameholder master is fired level, 51 interior ring bluff body flameholder masters are fired level, HTHP fuel oil in the 52. HTHP oil supplying holes, 53. bluff body stabilizers; 54. the outer shroud air-flow, 55. interior ring air-flows, 56. bluff body flameholder pressure faces, 57. bluff body flameholder suction surfaces.
Structure in the corresponding diagram relates to following critical size: the single cycle segment angle of 28. center cavity pre-combustion grade, 29. bluff body flameholder established angles; 35. the backward step height, 36. top board circumferential lengths, 37. tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential angles; 38. tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential slot width, 39 tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential slot cycle angles, 40. top board tangential hole angles; 41. top board tangential hole diameter, 42. bluff body flameholder exit widths, 43. bluff body flameholders outlet axial length.
The specific embodiment
Like Fig. 1,2, shown in 3, combustion chamber of the present invention by casing 11, center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade 44, outer shroud bluff body flameholder master in shunting diffuser 10, outer combustion case 12, the combustion chamber fire level 50, interior ring bluff body flameholder master is fired level 51, fuel oil supply system 48, interior burner inner liner 19, outer burner inner liner 20 and outlet support plate 21 and is constituted.
The notion of fractional combustion is adopted in the combustion chamber of the present invention design, and burning usefulness gas is all from center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade 44, and outer shroud bluff body flameholder master is fired level 50 and fired level 51 with interior ring bluff body flameholder master and infeed, and does not adopt traditional blending hole.Center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade 44 adopts center cavity backward step loop configuration; Utilize the stable diffusion flame burning organizational form in backward step recirculating zone; The low regime tissue burnt after main combustion level HTHP fuel oil and air half premix utilized inside loop and outside loop bluff body flameholder, and cold gas is infeeded by burner inner liner.
This combustion chamber comprises two combustion zones---and grade combustion zone 6 is fired with bluff body flameholder master in center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade combustion zone 7; The external boundary of center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade combustion zone 7 is tangential slot outer shrouds 14; Inner boundary is a ring 17 in the tangential slot; The external boundary that bluff body flameholder master is fired grade combustion zone 6 is outer burner inner liner 12; Inner boundary is interior burner inner liner 11, and axis extends back and fires grade combustion zone 6 with bluff body flameholder master and intersect along the combustion chamber for center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade combustion zone 7.Center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade 44 outer shroud bluff body flameholder master fire the level 50 and interior ring bluff body flameholder master fire the level 51 between; Outer shroud bluff body flameholder master is fired level 50 and interior ring bluff body flameholder master and is fired level 51 again between outer burner inner liner 19 and interior burner inner liner 20, the combustion chamber outermost and the inboard be casing 11 in outer combustion case 12 and the combustion chamber.Outer burner inner liner 19 also arranges to have cooling, the type of cooling can adopt the air film cooling, disperse the cooling or the compound type of cooling with interior burner inner liner 20, is used to cool off the burner inner liner wall, guarantees the life-span of combustion chamber.In specific embodiments, outer burner inner liner 19 adopts with interior burner inner liner 20 types of cooling disperses cooling, and burner inner liner 19 has diffusion cooling hole 49 with interior burner inner liner 20 outside, and diffusion cooling hole 49 signals are as shown in Figure 1.
Center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade 44 comprises nozzle 15, top board 24, backward step 16, tangential slot outer shroud 14 and the interior ring 17 of tangential slot; Circumference is connected top board 24 along the place with backward step 16; Can adopt welding or pass through the machining global formation; Nozzle 15 directly is inserted in the tangential hole of radial end face of backward step 16; What ring 17 and tangential slot outer shroud 14 were placed in backward step 16 and top board 24 respectively in the tangential slot is the inside circumference and the outside of axle with the engine axis, can adopt the connection of welding or bolt, and four form the circumferential pre-combustion grade cavity 30 that section is semiclosed rectangle.
Outer shroud bluff body flameholder master is fired level 50 and is fired the main combustion level of level 51 formations with interior ring bluff body flameholder master; Outer shroud bluff body flameholder 13 connects through welding or bolt and is connected with the outer side surface of tangential slot outer shroud 14; Be connected with outer burner inner liner 20 internal faces through the bolt connection again, guarantee that the leading edge of outer shroud bluff body flameholder 13 flushes with the leading edge of tangential slot outer shroud 14; Interior ring bluff body flameholder 18 is connected with the interior sidewall surface of ring 17 in the tangential slot through welding or bolt connection; Connect through bolt again and be connected with interior burner inner liner 19 outside wall surface; The leading edge of ring bluff body flameholder 18 flushes with the leading edge of tangential slot outer shroud 17 in guaranteeing, outer shroud bluff body flameholder 13 guarantees that its mean camber line and engine axis have deflection angle when installing with interior ring bluff body flameholder 18.
Earlier center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade 44 is fired level 50 with outer shroud bluff body flameholder master during installation and fire level 51 integral installations, push then in the burner inner liner and pass through bolt with flame tube wall with interior ring bluff body flameholder master.Outlet support plate 21 and outer burner inner liner 19 and interior burner inner liner 20 are connected through bolt, guarantee that its mean camber line and engine axis have deflection angle.Fuel oil supply system 49 is done as a whole; Stretch into the combustion chamber from the opening part of outer combustion case 12; Through being threaded, HTHP fuel pipe 47 is connected with top board 24 through being threaded with liquid fuel pipe 46 and nozzle 15, thereby accomplishes the installation of combustion chamber.
In the gas turbine blower outlet, air-flow generally is with certain deflection angle, and the angle of typical gas turbine blower exit flow speed and engine axis is 30 °～55 °.Combustion chamber inlet air flow 1 gets into the combustion chamber with certain tangential velocity, is divided into three strands through shunting diffuser air-flow, i.e. central gas stream 2, outer shroud air-flow 54 and interior ring air-flow 53.Two moment of momentum such as splitter employing design blade profiles of shunting diffuser 10 guarantee the diffusion deceleration and air-flow are separated.Air-flow part behind the diffusion gets into pre-combustion grade cavity 30 through the tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential admission groove on ring 14 and the tangential slot outer shroud 17 in the tangential slot 25, forms circumferential flow 31 in the stronger pre-combustion grade cavity.Through backward step 16,, form recirculating zone 32 in the pre-combustion grade cavity because air-flow entrainments effect.Pre-combustion grade fuel injected 5 is sprayed and is got into pre-combustion grade cavitys 30, in the pre-combustion grade cavity in the recirculating zone 32 with air mixing diffusion combustion.Top board tangential hole 26 through center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade 44; Top board tangential admission 33 gets into pre-combustion grade cavity 30; Strengthen flowing of pre-combustion grade cavity recirculating zone 32; Low-speed conditions and oil-gas ratio appropriate in pre-combustion grade cavity recirculating zone 32 have guaranteed the smooth combustion in the center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade combustion zone 7, for the combustion chamber provides stable burning things which may cause a fire disaster.The distribution number of center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade 44 designs according to required duty, and tangential firing can improve the circumferential Temperature Distribution in the burner inner liner.Bluff body flameholder master is fired grade air-flow 3 and is got into burner inner liner inside with certain tangential angle by outer shroud bluff body flameholder 13, interior ring bluff body flameholder 18 passages; HTHP fuel oil 53 is confessed from flameholder inside in the bluff body stabilizer; Fuel oil is through 27 ejections of bluff body flameholder spout; Main combustion grade HTHP fuel oil 34 jets fire the main combustion level of a level air-flow 3 with bluff body flameholder master and mix the formation gas mixture, are formed main combustion level flame by the pre-combustion grade flame ignition and fire smooth combustion in grade combustion zone 6 the bluff body flameholder master at outer shroud bluff body flameholder 13 and interior ring bluff body flameholder 18 rear portions.The distribution number of outer shroud bluff body flameholder 13 and interior ring bluff body flameholder 18 designs according to required duty, guarantees combustor exit 23 Temperature Distribution requirements.Combustion gas is discharged the combustion chamber through outlet support plate 21 with certain tangential angle, and the number of outlet support plate 21 and angle are according to the air inlet angle and the decision of blade number of turbine.
The diffusion ratio of shunting diffuser 10 is 1～3, with moment of momentum principles such as air designs, make inlet air flow 1 behind diffuser still with must the tangential flows at angles, the flow of each several part need satisfy the requirement that air-flow evenly gets into burner inner liner.
The distribution number of center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade 44 designs according to required duty, and the single cycle segment angle 28 of center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade is also determined by center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade 44 distribution numbers with top board circumferential lengths 36 simultaneously.Backward step height 35 is by 36 decisions of top board circumferential lengths, and it is suitable with top board circumferential lengths 36 generally to design pre-combustion grade cavity recirculating zone 32 length, and pre-combustion grade cavity recirculating zone 32 length are 10 times of backward step height 35, and the obstruction ratio of backward step 16 is 0.3～0.4.
Center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade air mass flow accounts for 5%～20% of whole combustion chamber air mass flow, wherein tangential slot outer shroud 14 air inlets 2.8%～3.5%, ring 17 air inlets 2.1%～2.8% in the tangential slot, top board 24 air inlets 0.7%～1.4%.The required air mass flow of ring 17 and tangential slot outer shroud 14 is relevant in the distribution number of tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential slot 25 and tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential slot cycle angle 39 and the tangential slot; Tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential slot width 38 is 1mm～1.5mm, and tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential angle 37 is 15 °～30 °.
In order to strengthen recirculating zone 32 in the pre-combustion grade cavity, top board 24 is opened top board tangential admission hole 26, and top board tangential hole diameter 41 is 1mm～1.2mm, and it 40 is 30 °～45 ° that the top board perforate cuts angle, and number of aperture is 65～135.Be the humidification that guarantees that 33 pairs of pre-combustion grade cavitys of top board tangential gas flow recirculating zone 32 is best, top board 24 perforate scopes from the whole top board circumferential lengths 36 of backward step 16 beginnings 60% in.
Center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade has enough spraying subtended angles to satisfy stable ignition performance, and the design point oil-gas ratio of nozzle 15 is 0.05.
Outer shroud bluff body flameholder master is fired level 50 and is fired level with interior ring bluff body flameholder master and 51 account for 80% of the total air mass flow in combustion chamber, and outer shroud bluff body flameholder master is fired 48% of level 50 air mass flows, and interior ring bluff body flameholder master is fired level 51 and accounted for 32%.Outer shroud bluff body flameholder 13 adopts the identical structure that waits the aisle spare blade profile with interior ring bluff body flameholder 18; Inner hollow; HTHP fuel oil 53 sprays from bluff body flameholder inside through bluff body flameholder fuel jet 27 in the bluff body stabilizer; Fuel oil according to different pressures, temperature requirement ejection can be liquid state, also can be gaseous state.Fire 3 mixing of grade air-flow at main combustion level HTHP fuel oil 34 with bluff body flameholder master and form gas mixture, well-mixed fuel oil and air are lighted by the flame heat of center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade combustion zone 7.Utilize the low speed recirculating zone that forms behind the bluff body, the burning that gas mixture is stable in the recirculating zone.This designs simplification the head of combustion chamber structure, and use gaseous fuel injection to get rid of the influence of fuel-oil atmozation to burning, improved the oil gas admixture simultaneously, optimized the combustor exit Temperature Distribution.
Outer shroud bluff body flameholder master is fired level 50 and is fired level 51 distribution number according to required duty design with interior ring bluff body flameholder master; The interior ring bluff body of outer shroud bluff body flameholder 13 distribution numbers flameholder more than 18, its number is by the height decision of pre-combustion grade cavity 30.Bluff body flameholder exit width 42 is relevant with the distribution number of outer shroud bluff body flameholder 13 and interior ring bluff body flameholder 18; General main combustion level channel width is suitable with bluff body flameholder width 42; Because the periphery diameter that inner and outer ring bluff body flameholder is installed is different with inner and outer ring bluff body flameholder distribution number, the inner and outer ring channel width is slightly different.
Bluff body flame stabilization axial length 43 is relevant with the setting angle 29 of bluff body flameholder, blower outlet flow-deviation angle decision bluff body flameholder established angle 29, and bluff body flameholder established angle 29 scopes are 10 °～60 °.Because bluff body flameholder master is fired grade air-flow 3 certain tangential angle is arranged; Make interior the flowing of whole burner inner liner also have certain tangential angle; Thereby under the situation of less burner inner liner length; Increased the residence time of gas mixture in burner inner liner, satisfied the smooth combustion work of combustion chamber, reached the combustion chamber of knowing clearly and shorten the purpose that length reduces weight.
Bluff body flameholder fuel oil spray orifice 27 can be selected out at bluff body flameholder pressure face 56; Also can be simultaneously in bluff body flameholder pressure face 56,57 perforates of bluff body flameholder suction surface; Perforate can be selected single or many rows; Single number of aperture should be greater than 5, opening diameter 0.5mm～1.0mm.The gentle amount of flow of fuel flow in the concrete working range and the ratio of momentum of fuel injected have determined perforate quantity and perforate apart from the axial location of channel outlet, should guarantee that the track center of main combustion level HTHP fuel oil 34 reaches the center of channel width at least in channel outlet.
The cooling gas flow of interior burner inner liner 20 and outer burner inner liner 19 is 10%～20% of a combustion chamber total flow; Adopt the air film cooling, impact and disperse cooling or other compound type of cooling; With control flame tube wall temperature, and prevent that combustion flame from getting in the cold gas, to reduce the generation of CO and UHC.
In a practical implementation case, the gross gas-oil ratio of establishing Combustion chamber design point is 0.05, the about 194778mm of the total air inlet effective area in combustion chamber
2According to said method, the distribution tolerance of center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade accounts for the about 7% of whole combustion chamber air inlet, and center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade combustion zone equivalent proportion is 0.73, belongs to poor oil firing; Outer shroud bluff body flameholder master is fired level and is distributed tolerance to account for the about 48% of whole combustion chamber air inlet, and interior ring bluff body flameholder master is fired level and distributed tolerance to account for about 32% of whole combustion chamber air inlet.The cold gas air inlet distributes tolerance to account for 13% of whole combustion chamber air inlet, in order to burner inner liner in cooling off and outer burner inner liner.According to proportioning, center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade air inlet effective area is 13634mm
2, outer shroud bluff body flameholder master is fired level and is 93493mm
2, interior ring bluff body flameholder master is fired level and is 62329mm
2Fire for center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade; Tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential angle is 15 °; Tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential slot width 1mm; 5 ° at tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential slot cycle angle, tangential slot outer shroud flow accounts for 40% of center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade, and circulation accounts for 40% of center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade in the tangential slot; 15 ° of top board tangential hole angles, top board tangential hole diameter 1mm, 135 of perforate numbers, top board tangential admission orifice flow amount accounts for 20% of center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade.Backward step height 13.5mm, pre-combustion grade channel height 42mm stops up than 0.32 top board circumferential lengths 120mm, HTHP oil supplying hole diameter 0.5mm.The combustion of center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade is along circumferentially evenly distributing 12, and center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade is fired 30 ° of single cycle segment angles.Bluff body flameholder exit width is 20mm, and bluff body flameholder axial length 20mm, outer shroud arrange 48 outer shroud bluff body flameholders, in be periphery and put ring bluff body flameholder in 36.Bluff body flameholder pressure face is opened single 5 bluff body flameholder fuel jets, bore dia 1mm, and position of opening is 10% of a whole passage length apart from the axial distance of channel outlet.The gaseous fuel of logical HTHP in the bluff body flameholder, bluff body flameholder thickness 1.2mm, outer shroud bluff body flameholder and interior ring bluff body flameholder established angle are 60 °.65 ° of outlet support plate setting angles, thickness 1.2mm, number is 36.
Claims (9)
1. center cavity stable fire tangential combustion chamber is characterized in that: by casing (11), center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (44), outer shroud bluff body flameholder master in shunting diffuser (10), outer combustion case (12), the combustion chamber fire level (50), interior ring bluff body flameholder master is fired level (51), a fuel oil supply system (48), interior burner inner liner (20), outer burner inner liner (19) and outlet support plate (21) formation; Described center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (44) is made up of ring (17) and tangential slot outer shroud (14) in top board (24), backward step (16), nozzle (15), the tangential slot; Circumference on the vertical cross section of top board (24) and backward step (16) edge and engine axis is connected; Nozzle (15) is placed on the radial end face of backward step (16); What ring (17) and tangential slot outer shroud (14) were placed in backward step (16) and top board (24) respectively in the tangential slot is the inside circumference and the outside of axle with the engine axis; Ring (17), tangential slot outer shroud (14), backward step (16) and top board (24) four form the circumferential pre-combustion grade cavity (30) that section is semiclosed rectangle in the tangential slot; Ring (17) and tangential slot outer shroud (14) have tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential admission groove (25) in the tangential slot of described center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (44); Air gets into pre-combustion grade cavity (30) tangential through tangential slot inner and outer ring tangential admission groove (25) and flows the low speed recirculating zone retention flame that utilizes backward step (16) to produce; Described outer shroud bluff body flameholder master fires level (50) and interior ring bluff body flameholder master is fired the common master's of the composition combustion of level (51) level; Outer shroud bluff body flameholder master is fired level (50) and interior ring bluff body flameholder master and is fired grade (51) and be made up of outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) and interior ring bluff body flameholder (18) respectively; Outer shroud bluff body flameholder master is fired level (50) and interior ring bluff body flameholder master, and to fire grade (51) both structures identical; Outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) is placed between the outer side surface and outer burner inner liner (20) internal face of tangential slot outer shroud (14); The leading edge of outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) flushes with the leading edge of tangential slot outer shroud (14); Interior ring bluff body flameholder (18) is placed between the interior sidewall surface and interior burner inner liner (19) outside wall surface of ring (17) in the tangential slot; In the leading edge of ring bluff body flameholder (18) flush with the leading edge of tangential slot outer shroud (17), during the installation of outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) and interior ring bluff body flameholder (18) and engine axis deflection angle is arranged; Fuel oil supply system (48) is made up of nozzle mount pad (45), liquid fuel pipe (46) and HTHP fuel pipe (47); Fuel oil supply system (48) links to each other with outer combustion case (12) through nozzle mount pad (45); The liquid fuel pipe is supplied with liquid fuel to nozzle (15); HTHP fuel pipe (47) is supplied with the HTHP fuel oil; Be connected with top board (24); Ring (14) all has HTHP oil supplying hole (52) and in outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) and interior ring bluff body flameholder (18), supplies with the HTHP fuel oil in top board (24), backward step (16), tangential slot outer shroud (17) and tangential slot; A main combustion level HTHP fuel oil (34) that ejects in outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) and the interior ring bluff body flameholder (18) mixes with air by center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (44) and ignites, and the low regime smooth combustion behind outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) and interior ring bluff body flameholder (18); Said outlet support plate (21) is placed in the exit of interior burner inner liner (20) and outer burner inner liner (19), and outlet support plate (21) has angle with the combustion chamber axis, and burning after-burner outlet combustion gas has deflection angle.
2. center cavity stable fire tangential combustion chamber according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the air of said center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (44) distributes and accounts for 5%～20% of whole burning tolerance, and outer shroud bluff body flameholder master is fired the air distribution that level (50) and interior ring bluff body flameholder master fire level (51) and accounted for 60%～90% of whole burning tolerance; Whole combustion chamber has 12～18 center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (44), and the single cycle segment angle of center cavity pre-combustion grade (28) is 20 °～30 °.
3. center cavity stable fire tangential combustion chamber according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described shunting diffuser (10) is divided into three strands of air-flows by two splitters with air-flow; Be central gas stream (2), outer shroud air-flow (54) and interior ring air-flow (55); Make air-flow be uniformly scattered onto head of combustion chamber, three strands of exit flows of shunting diffuser (10) are upwards turned back.
4. center cavity stable fire tangential combustion chamber according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: the top board (24) of described center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (44) has and mobile a plurality of top board tangential admissions holes (26) in the opposite direction, the interior air-flow of pre-combustion grade cavity (30) tangential; Top board tangential admission hole (26) and 15 °～30 ° of engine axis angles; Top board tangential hole diameter (41) is 0.5mm～1.0mm; Number of aperture 65～135, top board tangential admission hole (26) air inlet strengthens recirculating zone (32) in the pre-combustion grade cavity behind the backward step (16), and flow is 10%～50% of center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (a 44) flow.
5. center cavity stable fire tangential combustion chamber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the nozzle (15) of said center cavity backward step pre-combustion grade (44) is placed on backward step (16) radial end face, is 5 °～60 ° with belonging to the axial cross section angle.
6. center cavity stable fire tangential combustion chamber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said HTHP oil supplying hole (52), aperture 0.4mm～1mm; HTHP fuel pipe (47) is connected with backward step (16), and the HTHP oil supplying hole (52) of ring (14) is interconnected in backward step (16), top board (24), tangential slot outer shroud (17) and the tangential slot; Fuel oil supply system (48) is supplied with HTHP fuel oil (53) in the stabilizer through HTHP oil supplying hole (52) in outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) and interior ring bluff body flameholder (18).
7. center cavity stable fire tangential combustion chamber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when said outer shroud bluff body flameholder (13) and interior ring bluff body flameholder (18) are installed and the deflection angle of engine axis be 10 °～60 °.
8. center cavity stable fire tangential combustion chamber according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the interior burner inner liner (11) of said combustion chamber and the type of cooling of outer burner inner liner (12) adopt the air film cooling, disperse the cooling or the compound type of cooling, wall surface temperature is controlled the life-span that prolongs burner inner liner.
9. center cavity stable fire tangential combustion chamber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described combustor exit support plate (21) is 5 °～70 ° with the angle of combustion chamber axis; Said outlet support plate (21) number is 24～48.
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