CN117512790A - Spinning method for reducing skin-core structure of polyester industrial yarn - Google Patents
Spinning method for reducing skin-core structure of polyester industrial yarn Download PDFInfo
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- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 37
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-7-one Chemical compound C1C2C(=O)OC1C=CC2 TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
- D01D10/02—Heat treatment
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
- D01D5/092—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes in shafts or chimneys
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
- D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a spinning method for reducing the skin-core structure of polyester industrial yarns, which comprises the steps of extruding polyester melt through a spinneret plate, sequentially carrying out slow cooling of a slow cooler, cooling in a windless area, cooling in an air blowing area, oiling, stretching, shaping, networking and winding to obtain the polyester industrial yarns, wherein the air blowing area sequentially comprises a cold air area a, a hot air area and a cold air area b from top to bottom; the height of the cold air area a is 500-600 mm, the height of the hot air area is 300-400 mm, and the height of the cold air area b is 400-500 mm; the temperature of the cold air area a is 22-25 ℃, the temperature of the hot air area is 120-130 ℃, and the temperature of the cold air area b is 22-25 ℃. According to the invention, the hot air area is added in the cooling blowing area to heat the tows, so that the difference of sheath-core structures is reduced, the fiber which is uniformly cooled can be obtained, the produced terylene industrial yarn has the advantages of small breaking strength non-uniformity, low breaking elongation non-uniformity and uniform fiber chromaticity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polyester industrial yarns, and relates to a spinning method for reducing a skin-core structure of the polyester industrial yarns.
Background
The terylene industrial yarn has the excellent performances of high breaking strength, high modulus, light resistance, heat resistance, chemical resistance, good corrosion resistance and the like, and is widely applied to the special fields of fire fighting water belts, cables, rock climbing ropes, geotextiles, advertising cloths and the like. Along with the rapid development of terylene industrial yarns and the expansion of application fields, the development of terylene industrial yarns is required to meet not only basic mechanical properties but also special requirements of certain application fields, such as fire fighting belts and ropes, high wear resistance, stability and dyeing uniformity, and advertising cloth is required to have good uniformity, no dark stripes and no color difference. This requires a higher uniformity of the polyester industrial yarn, which is not limited to the linear density unevenness, the evenness unevenness which we usually mention, but also to the uniformity of the crystallization, the uniformity of the chromaticity, the strong uniformity (including abrasion resistance, dimensional stability, modulus) and the uniformity of dyeing among the yarns in the yarn bundle.
The industrial yarn has high linear density (8-10 dtex), the melt is extruded from a spinneret plate in uniaxial stretching deformation, the temperature of a skin layer and a core layer is different, the viscosity of the melt is reduced by the skin layer under the action of cooling air, the viscosity of the core layer is reduced, and under the action of larger stretching shear stress, the orientation and crystallization of the skin layer are higher than those of the core layer, so that the radial difference of a fiber structure occurs, and a skin-core structure is formed.
The sheath-core structure is an important structural characteristic of high-speed spinning, and is caused by temperature difference of the sheath layer and the core layer, the temperature difference can cause viscosity difference of the sheath layer and the core layer, and the viscosity difference of the sheath layer and the core layer can cause the increase of the difference of the orientation of the sheath layer and the core layer, so that the fiber strength, strength uniformity, dyeing uniformity, chromaticity uniformity, crystallization uniformity and the like are affected.
In order to solve the above problems, in the prior art, document 1 (study of the relationship between the fiber structure with a circular cross section and its reflection characteristics [ D ]. University of south of the Yangtze river, 2009) indicates that the sheath-core structure of the fiber has a certain influence on the reflected light inside the fiber, and that the gloss of the fiber changes to a certain extent, that is, the uniformity of the gloss is affected. European patent EP0080906 discloses a polyester fiber and its production, which adopts hot air with the temperature of 60-80 ℃ to blow onto a filament bundle to delay cooling, and reduces the difference of birefringence between sheath and core. The method has the advantages that the curing time is prolonged by increasing the blowing temperature or not blowing, the skin-core structure difference can be reduced theoretically, but the problems brought by the method are that the curing time and the curing length are increased, the solidification speed of the filament bundles is reduced, the shaking amplitude of the filament bundles is large, the filament bundles are easily interfered by the outside, the uniformity of the filament bundle evenness is poor, and the luster and the dyeing uniformity are influenced.
U.S. patent No. 4867925 discloses a production process of polyester industrial yarn, which adopts a composite spinning technology, takes a high-viscosity melt as a core layer, takes a low-viscosity melt as a skin layer, adjusts the residence time in a spinning box, and spins a sheath-core double-component composite yarn to ensure that the sheath-core viscosity difference is 0.003-0.04 dL/g, thereby reducing the sheath-core structure difference.
In addition, patent CN102797057B provides a manufacturing method of high-modulus low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn, the difference of pre-orientation and sheath-core structure of the fiber can be reduced by adopting a slow cooling device, the slow cooling device has the effects of heat preservation and slow cooling of the melt, the melt is slowly cooled in an air atmosphere of 260-300 ℃, and a porous plate and a windless area with a certain length are further connected below the slow cooling device, so that the purpose of further slowly cooling the yarn bundles is achieved, the heat of the yarn core layer can be transferred out, the purpose of reducing the difference of the sheath-core structure is achieved, the breakage strength non-uniformity rate of the produced polyester industrial yarn is less than or equal to 2.5%, and the breakage elongation non-uniformity rate is less than or equal to 7.0%. The patent CN113430658B discloses a low-pressure spinning method of polyester industrial yarn, wherein modified polytetrafluoroethylene is introduced into polyester melt, so that the uniformity of the fiber is improved, the breaking strength non-uniformity of the produced polyester industrial yarn is less than or equal to 2.0%, and the breaking elongation non-uniformity is less than or equal to 5.0%. The uniformity of the terylene industrial yarn produced by the prior art is gradually improved, but there is still room for further improvement.
Therefore, a spinning method for reducing the skin-core structure of the polyester industrial yarn is developed so as to further reduce the skin-core structure, and the spinning method has great practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a spinning method for reducing the skin-core structure of polyester industrial yarns.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a spinning method for reducing the skin-core structure of polyester industrial yarns comprises the steps of extruding polyester melt through a spinneret plate, sequentially carrying out slow cooling by a slow cooler, cooling in a windless area, cooling in a blowing area, oiling, stretching, shaping, networking and winding to obtain the polyester industrial yarns, wherein the blowing area sequentially comprises a cold air area a, a hot air area and a cold air area b from top to bottom;
the height of the cold air area a is 500-600 mm, the height of the hot air area is 300-400 mm, and the height of the cold air area b is 400-500 mm;
the temperature of the cold air area a is 22-25 ℃, the temperature of the hot air area is 120-130 ℃, and the temperature of the cold air area b is 22-25 ℃;
the length theory of the cold air area a needs to be greater than or equal to the solidification length of the filament bundle, namely the distance between the spinneret plate and the solidification point of the filament, and the theoretical calculation is too complex, and the detailed content is disclosed in document 2 (the processing principle of high polymer materials [ M ]. Beijing: chinese textile press, 2002:193); document 3 (study of the forming mechanism and structural properties of large diameter polymer monofilaments [ D ]. University of east China, 2011:28) indicates that the polymer curing temperature is the glass transition temperature Tg or is between the glass transition temperature Tg and the polymer melting point Tm, and the polyester glass transition temperature is 67-81 ℃; according to the invention, the temperature of the filament bundle is directly tested by an infrared thermometer to obtain the position of a curing point; wherein the curing point temperature is selected to be above about the glass transition temperature (75-90 ℃) to obtain a cured length.
When the temperature of the filament bundles is maintained between 120 ℃ and 130 ℃ by adopting an infrared thermometer to test the length of the hot air area, the filament bundles are fully heated, and the distance between the end point of the position interval and the position of the solidification point measured in the front is the length of the hot air area.
The length of the cold air zone b is measured by an infrared thermometer, and the position of the filament bundle with the temperature lower than the glass transition temperature is obtained by testing, and the distance between the position and the end position of the hot air zone in front is the length of the cold air zone b.
As a preferable technical scheme:
according to the spinning method for reducing the skin-core structure of the polyester industrial yarn, the wind speed of the cold wind area a is 0.5-0.7 m/s, the wind speed of the hot wind area is 0.5-0.8 m/s, and the wind speed of the cold wind area b is 0.5-0.7 m/s.
According to the spinning method for reducing the sheath-core structure of the polyester industrial yarn, the monofilament linear density of the polyester industrial yarn is 2000-3000D, the breaking strength non-uniformity is less than or equal to 1.6%, the breaking elongation non-uniformity is less than or equal to 3.5%, and the chromaticity reduction rate is 10-15%.
The spinning method for reducing the skin-core structure of the polyester industrial yarn according to any one of the above, wherein a cooling device for cooling a blowing area comprises a porous plate, a hot air box and a side air box;
the hot air box is of a rectangular structure, the side air box is of a trapezoid structure, and the hot air box is fixed in the side air box;
a plurality of holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the spinneret plates are uniformly distributed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the hot air box, and annular filter cores are arranged in the holes;
the hot air bellows is connected with a hot air pipeline, and a hot air valve is arranged on the hot air pipeline and used for adjusting the hot air;
an air outlet is formed in the side air blowing box, the perforated plate is a vertical plate, and the perforated plate is arranged at the air outlet;
the perforated plate is divided into an upper plate, a middle plate and a lower plate from top to bottom in sequence, and the upper plate is respectively corresponding to a cold air zone a, a hot air zone and a cold air zone b, namely the upper end of the upper plate is flush with the upper end of the cooling zone a, the lower end of the upper plate is flush with the lower end of the cooling zone a, the upper end of the middle plate is flush with the upper end of the hot air zone, the lower end of the middle plate is flush with the lower end of the hot air zone, the upper end of the lower plate is flush with the upper end of the cooling zone b, and the lower end of the lower plate is flush with the lower end of the cooling zone b; the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with holes, and the middle plate is not provided with holes;
the hot air box corresponds to the middle plate.
According to the spinning method for reducing the skin-core structure of the polyester industrial yarn, the annular filter element is connected with the hot air bellows in a sealing manner, so that air leakage at other places except the hole net is prevented, and the heating effect is prevented from being influenced;
the length of the hot air bellow is 1000-1100 mm, the width is 280-300 mm, and the height is 300-400 mm;
the diameter of the annular filter element is 200-210 mm, and the mesh number of the annular filter element is 80-100 meshes.
As described above, the spinning method for reducing the skin-core structure of polyester industrial yarns has the aperture of the upper plate of 1.4-1.5 mm and the open pore density of 400-450/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The aperture of the lower plate is 1.4-1.5 mm, and the open pore density is 400-450/m 2 。
The principle of the invention is as follows:
in the prior art, after being extruded from a spinneret plate, the polyester industrial yarn enters a slow cooling area and a windless area, and then enters a blowing area with the height of 1.3-1.6 m for cooling, the air temperature of the blowing area is 22-25 ℃, the air speed is 0.5-0.7 m/s, the surface temperature of the filament in the windless area is 220-240 ℃, the difference between the surface temperature and the cooling air temperature is large, the surface temperature of the filament after entering the blowing area is rapidly reduced to about 100-110 ℃, and the surface temperature of the filament is continuously reduced to the glass transition temperature through strong convection heat transfer, so that the surface of the filament is solidified. The polyester industrial yarn has larger monofilament linear density and more severe cooling process, and the temperature of the core layer is still high although the yarn skin layer is solidified, so that the skin-core structure is easy to form. The subsequent cooling is continued, but at this time, the yarn skin layer is solidified, the yarn skin layer is subjected to main spinning stress, and the molecular chain is more easy to orient and crystallize along the fiber axis, namely, a compact structure is generated in the fiber skin layer (namely, the free volume among solidified molecules of the skin layer is reduced, the molecular arrangement of polyester is compact, and the density of the skin layer is increased), so that the following problems exist:
firstly, solidifying a fiber cortex, wherein molecular chains are in a frozen state, the movement of the molecular chains is weakened, the energy transfer among the molecular chains is weakened, and the heat of a fiber core layer cannot be timely conducted out of the fiber cortex;
secondly, the fiber generates a compact skin layer which wraps the surface of the fiber, thereby playing a role in heat preservation and also limiting the heat conduction of the core layer.
According to the method, a cooling air blowing area in the prior art is divided into a cold air area a, a hot air area and a cold air area b from top to bottom. The heat of the surface of the yarn is rapidly taken away by cooling air when the yarn is in the cold air zone a, the yarn reaches a solidification point when the yarn is out of the cooling zone a, and the yarn skin is solidified and then enters the heating zone. The heating zone adopts a circular blowing structure, the blowing temperature is 120-130 ℃, the wind speed is 0.5-0.8 m/s, and the heating zone heats the fiber with the solidified cortex.
The main purposes of heating in the heating zone are two:
firstly, the hot air heats the fiber skin layer to enable the skin layer to be melted and degraded, so that the viscosity degradation difference between the fiber skin layer and the core layer is reduced;
secondly, the fiber sheath layer melts, so that the movement of a molecular chain is promoted, the heat of the fiber core layer is facilitated to be diffused, and the temperature difference between the fiber sheath layer and the core layer is reduced; the viscosity and temperature differences of the fiber sheath and core are reduced after passing through the heating zone.
And the fiber skin layer and the core layer are further cooled after the fiber skin layer and the core layer pass through the cold air zone b, the temperature of the filament is 90-100 ℃ at the moment, the glass transition temperature of polyester is already close, the cooling pressure of the filament is reduced, the cooling process is mild, the generation of a skin-core structure is reduced, and then the fiber uniformity is improved by hot roller stretching.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) According to the spinning method for reducing the sheath-core structure of the polyester industrial yarn, disclosed by the invention, the hot air area is added in the cooling blowing area to heat the yarn bundles, so that the difference of the sheath-core structure is reduced, and the fiber which is uniformly cooled can be obtained and is used for preparing the high-performance polyester industrial yarn;
(2) According to the spinning method for reducing the sheath-core structure of the polyester industrial yarn, the produced polyester industrial yarn has the advantages of small breaking strength non-uniformity, low breaking elongation non-uniformity and uniform fiber chromaticity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cooling process according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a perforated plate of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the hot air box of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the hot air blower of the present invention;
wherein, 1-upper plate, 2-medium plate, 3-lower plate, 4-hole, 5-hot air bellows, 6-ring filter core, 7-spinneret, 8-slow cooling zone, 9-windless zone, 10-cold air zone a, 11-hot air zone, 12-cold air zone b.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in conjunction with the detailed description. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it is understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
The test method related to the embodiment and the comparative example of the invention is as follows:
linear density: the method is tested by referring to a GB T14343-2008 chemical fiber filament linear density test method and a GB T16604-2017 terylene industrial filament test method;
breaking strength unevenness (CV value), breaking elongation unevenness (CV value): the method is tested by referring to a GB T14337-2022 chemical fiber short fiber tensile property test method;
chromaticity reduction rate: respectively winding a to-be-detected silk bundle A and a standard silk bundle B on a silk bundle collecting device to form a silk bundle A strip and a silk bundle B strip which are arranged in parallel, observing color differences of the silk bundle A strip and the silk bundle B strip under a light source, and determining a color difference grade of the silk bundle A strip according to GB/T250-2008 grey sample card for evaluating color change of textile color fastness test, wherein the AA-grade chromaticity grade is 4.0, and the chromaticity grade is less than degradation treatment of 4.0; counting the number of yarn cakes with reduced chromaticity and the number of yarn cakes sampled for testing chromaticity in a period of time, wherein the percentage of the number of yarn cakes with reduced chromaticity and the like in the number of sampled yarn cakes is the chromaticity reduction and the like.
Example 1
A spinning method for reducing the skin-core structure of polyester industrial yarns comprises the following specific processes:
as shown in fig. 1, after being extruded by a spinneret plate 7, polyester melt is sequentially subjected to slow cooling by a slow cooler, cooling by a windless area 9, cooling by a blowing area, oiling, stretching, shaping, networking and winding to obtain polyester industrial yarns;
the height of the slow cooling zone 8 where the slow cooler is positioned is 300mm, and the temperature of the slow cooling zone 8 is 320 ℃; the height of the windless zone 9 is 300mm;
the air blowing area is sequentially provided with a cold air area a 10, a hot air area 11 and a cold air area b 12 from top to bottom;
the cooling device adopted by the cooling of the blowing area comprises a porous plate, a hot air bellow 5 and a side air bellow;
the hot air box 5 is of a rectangular structure, the side air box is of a trapezoid structure, the length of the hot air box 5 is 1100mm, the width of the hot air box 5 is 300mm, and the height of the hot air box is 400mm; the hot air bellow 5 is fixed in the side air bellow;
as shown in fig. 3 and 4, a plurality of holes corresponding to the spinneret plates 7 one by one are uniformly distributed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the hot air box 5, and annular filter cores 6 are arranged in the holes; the annular filter element 6 is connected with the hot air bellow 5 in a sealing way; the diameter of the annular filter element 6 is 210mm, and the mesh number of the annular filter element is 100 meshes;
the hot air bellows 5 is connected with a hot air pipeline, and a hot air valve is arranged on the hot air pipeline;
an air outlet is formed in the side air blowing box, the perforated plate is a vertical plate, and the perforated plate is arranged at the air outlet;
as shown in fig. 2, the porous plate is divided into an upper plate 1, a middle plate 2 and a lower plate 3 from top to bottom, which correspond to a cold air zone a 10, a hot air zone 11 and a cold air zone b 12, respectively; the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 3 are provided with holes, and the middle plate 2 is not provided with holes; the upper plate 1 had a pore diameter (i.e., pore 4) of 1.5mm and an open pore density of 450 pores/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The aperture of the lower plate 3 is 1.5mmThe pore density was 450 pores/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The height of the upper plate 1 is 600mm, the height of the middle plate 2 is 400mm, and the height of the lower plate 3 is 500mm;
the temperature of the cold air zone a 10 is 25 ℃, the temperature of the hot air zone 11 is 130 ℃, and the temperature of the cold air zone b 12 is 25 ℃;
the wind speed of the cold wind area a 10 is 0.7m/s, the wind speed of the hot wind area 11 is 0.8m/s, and the wind speed of the cold wind area b 12 is 0.7m/s;
the stretching multiple is 5.7 times, the shaping temperature is 245 ℃, the network pressure is 0.4MPa, and the winding speed is 3150m/min.
The monofilament linear density of the finally prepared terylene industrial yarn is 2000D, the breaking strength unevenness is 0.9%, the breaking elongation unevenness is 1.9%, and the chromaticity drop waiting rate is 14%.
Comparative example 1
A spinning method of polyester industrial yarn is basically the same as in example 1, except that the temperature of all areas of a blowing area is 25 ℃, the filament linear density of the finally prepared polyester industrial yarn is 2000D, the breaking strength unevenness is 3.8%, the breaking elongation unevenness is 6.5%, and the chromaticity drop is 22%.
As can be seen from comparing comparative example 1 with example 1, the fiber breaking strength unevenness, elongation at break unevenness, chromaticity drop and the like prepared in comparative example 1 are all large, because the blowing region is at a low temperature of 25 ℃ in all regions, the filament bundles are more likely to have sheath-core structure in the cooling process, the crystallization and orientation of the fiber sheath layer and the core layer are uneven, and the tensile force born by the fiber cross section is inconsistent, so that the fiber breaking strength and elongation at break unevenness are significantly increased.
Example 2
A spinning method for reducing the skin-core structure of polyester industrial yarns comprises the following specific processes:
the polyester melt is extruded by a spinneret plate and then is subjected to slow cooling by a slow cooler, cooling by a windless area, cooling by a blowing area, oiling, stretching, shaping, networking and winding to obtain polyester industrial yarns;
the height of a slow cooling zone where the slow cooler is positioned is 250mm, and the temperature of the slow cooling zone is 290 ℃; the height of the windless area is 200mm;
the air blowing area is sequentially provided with a cold air area a, a hot air area and a cold air area b from top to bottom;
the cooling device used for cooling the blowing area comprises a porous plate, a hot air box and a side air box;
the hot air box is of a rectangular structure, the side air box is of a trapezoid structure, the length of the hot air box is 1000mm, the width of the hot air box is 280mm, and the height of the hot air box is 300mm; the hot air bellow is fixed in the side air bellow;
a plurality of holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the spinneret plates are uniformly distributed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the hot air box, and annular filter cores are arranged in the holes; the annular filter element is connected with the hot air bellow in a sealing way; the diameter of the annular filter element is 200mm, and the mesh number of the annular filter element is 80 mesh;
the hot air bellows is connected with a hot air pipeline, and a hot air valve is arranged on the hot air pipeline;
an air outlet is formed in the side air blowing box, the perforated plate is a vertical plate, and the perforated plate is arranged at the air outlet;
the porous plate is sequentially divided into an upper plate, a middle plate and a lower plate from top to bottom, and corresponds to a cold air zone a, a hot air zone and a cold air zone b respectively; the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with holes, and the middle plate is not provided with holes; the upper plate has a pore diameter of 1.4mm and an open pore density of 400/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The pore diameter of the lower plate is 1.4mm, and the open pore density is 400/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The height of the upper plate is 500mm, the height of the middle plate is 300mm, and the height of the lower plate is 400mm;
the temperature of the cold air zone a is 22 ℃, the temperature of the hot air zone is 120 ℃, and the temperature of the cold air zone b is 22 ℃;
the wind speed of the cold wind area a is 0.5m/s, the wind speed of the hot wind area is 0.5m/s, and the wind speed of the cold wind area b is 0.5m/s;
the stretching multiple is 5.2 times, the shaping temperature is 230 ℃, the network pressure is 0.3MPa, and the winding speed is 2800m/min.
The monofilament linear density of the finally prepared terylene industrial yarn is 2000D, the breaking strength unevenness is 1.0%, the breaking elongation unevenness is 2.6%, and the chromaticity drop waiting rate is 12%.
Example 3
A spinning method for reducing the skin-core structure of polyester industrial yarns comprises the following specific processes:
the polyester melt is extruded by a spinneret plate and then is subjected to slow cooling by a slow cooler, cooling by a windless area, cooling by a blowing area, oiling, stretching, shaping, networking and winding to obtain polyester industrial yarns;
the height of a slow cooling zone where the slow cooler is positioned is 300mm, and the temperature of the slow cooling zone is 300 ℃; the height of the windless area is 300mm;
the air blowing area is sequentially provided with a cold air area a, a hot air area and a cold air area b from top to bottom;
the cooling device used for cooling the blowing area comprises a porous plate, a hot air box and a side air box;
the hot air box is of a rectangular structure, the side air box is of a trapezoid structure, the length of the hot air box is 1040mm, the width of the hot air box is 290mm, and the height of the hot air box is 340mm; the hot air bellow is fixed in the side air bellow;
a plurality of holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the spinneret plates are uniformly distributed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the hot air box, and annular filter cores are arranged in the holes; the annular filter element is connected with the hot air bellow in a sealing way; the diameter of the annular filter element is 204mm, and the mesh number of the annular filter element is 90 meshes;
the hot air bellows is connected with a hot air pipeline, and a hot air valve is arranged on the hot air pipeline;
an air outlet is formed in the side air blowing box, the perforated plate is a vertical plate, and the perforated plate is arranged at the air outlet;
the porous plate is sequentially divided into an upper plate, a middle plate and a lower plate from top to bottom, and corresponds to a cold air zone a, a hot air zone and a cold air zone b respectively; the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with holes, and the middle plate is not provided with holes; the upper plate has a pore diameter of 1.44mm and an open pore density of 420 pores/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The pore diameter of the lower plate is 1.44mm, and the open pore density is 420 pieces/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The height of the upper plate is 540mm, the height of the middle plate is 340mm, and the height of the lower plate is 440mm;
the temperature of the cold air zone a is 23 ℃, the temperature of the hot air zone is 124 ℃, and the temperature of the cold air zone b is 23 ℃;
the wind speed of the cold wind area a is 0.6m/s, the wind speed of the hot wind area is 0.6m/s, and the wind speed of the cold wind area b is 0.6m/s;
the stretching multiple is 5.5 times, the shaping temperature is 240 ℃, the network pressure is 0.34MPa, and the winding speed is 2900m/min.
The monofilament linear density of the finally prepared terylene industrial yarn is 3000D, the breaking strength unevenness is 1.1%, the breaking elongation unevenness is 3.2%, and the chromaticity drop waiting rate is 13.6%.
Example 4
A spinning method for reducing the skin-core structure of polyester industrial yarns comprises the following specific processes:
the polyester melt is extruded by a spinneret plate and then is subjected to slow cooling by a slow cooler, cooling by a windless area, cooling by a blowing area, oiling, stretching, shaping, networking and winding to obtain polyester industrial yarns;
the height of a slow cooling zone where the slow cooler is positioned is 250mm, and the temperature of the slow cooling zone is 295 ℃; the height of the windless area is 250mm;
the air blowing area is sequentially provided with a cold air area a, a hot air area and a cold air area b from top to bottom;
the cooling device used for cooling the blowing area comprises a porous plate, a hot air box and a side air box;
the hot air box is of a rectangular structure, the side air box is of a trapezoid structure, the length of the hot air box is 1020mm, the width of the hot air box is 285mm, and the height of the hot air box is 320mm; the hot air bellow is fixed in the side air bellow;
a plurality of holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the spinneret plates are uniformly distributed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the hot air box, and annular filter cores are arranged in the holes; the annular filter element is connected with the hot air bellow in a sealing way; the diameter of the annular filter element is 202mm, and the mesh number of the annular filter element is 85 meshes;
the hot air bellows is connected with a hot air pipeline, and a hot air valve is arranged on the hot air pipeline;
an air outlet is formed in the side air blowing box, the perforated plate is a vertical plate, and the perforated plate is arranged at the air outlet;
the porous plate is sequentially divided into an upper plate, a middle plate and a lower plate from top to bottom, and corresponds to a cold air zone a, a hot air zone and a cold air zone b respectively; the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with holes, and the middle plate is not provided with holes; the pore diameter of the upper plate is 1.42mm, and the open pore density is 410 pieces/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The pore diameter of the lower plate is 1.42mm, and the open pore density is 410 pieces/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The height of the upper plate is 520mm, the height of the middle plate is 320mm, and the height of the lower plate is 420mm;
the temperature of the cold air zone a is 22.5 ℃, the temperature of the hot air zone is 122 ℃, and the temperature of the cold air zone b is 22.5 ℃;
the wind speed of the cold wind area a is 0.55m/s, the wind speed of the hot wind area is 0.55m/s, and the wind speed of the cold wind area b is 0.55m/s;
the stretching multiple is 5.4 times, the shaping temperature is 235 ℃, the network pressure is 0.32MPa, and the winding speed is 2850m/min.
The monofilament linear density of the finally prepared terylene industrial yarn is 2500D, the breaking strength unevenness is 1.5%, the breaking elongation unevenness is 3.0%, and the chromaticity drop waiting rate is 13%.
Example 5
A spinning method for reducing the skin-core structure of polyester industrial yarns comprises the following specific processes:
the polyester melt is extruded by a spinneret plate and then is subjected to slow cooling by a slow cooler, cooling by a windless area, cooling by a blowing area, oiling, stretching, shaping, networking and winding to obtain polyester industrial yarns;
the height of a slow cooling zone where the slow cooler is positioned is 300mm, and the temperature of the slow cooling zone is 310 ℃; the height of the windless area is 200mm;
the air blowing area is sequentially provided with a cold air area a, a hot air area and a cold air area b from top to bottom;
the cooling device used for cooling the blowing area comprises a porous plate, a hot air box and a side air box;
the hot air box is of a rectangular structure, the side air box is of a trapezoid structure, the length of the hot air box is 1080mm, the width of the hot air box is 300mm, and the height of the hot air box is 380mm; the hot air bellow is fixed in the side air bellow;
a plurality of holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the spinneret plates are uniformly distributed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the hot air box, and annular filter cores are arranged in the holes; the annular filter element is connected with the hot air bellow in a sealing way; the diameter of the annular filter element is 208mm, and the mesh number is 98 meshes;
the hot air bellows is connected with a hot air pipeline, and a hot air valve is arranged on the hot air pipeline;
an air outlet is formed in the side air blowing box, the perforated plate is a vertical plate, and the perforated plate is arranged at the air outlet;
the porous plate is sequentially divided into an upper plate, a middle plate and a lower plate from top to bottom, and corresponds to a cold air zone a, a hot air zone and a cold air zone b respectively; the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with holes, and the middle plate is not provided with holes; the upper plate has a pore diameter of 1.48mm and an open pore density of 440Individual/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The pore diameter of the lower plate is 1.48mm, and the open pore density is 440 pieces/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The height of the upper plate is 580mm, the height of the middle plate is 380mm, and the height of the lower plate is 480mm;
the temperature of the cold air zone a is 24 ℃, the temperature of the hot air zone is 128 ℃, and the temperature of the cold air zone b is 24 ℃;
the wind speed of the cold wind area a is 0.7m/s, the wind speed of the hot wind area is 0.7m/s, and the wind speed of the cold wind area b is 0.7m/s;
the stretching multiple is 6 times, the shaping temperature is 250 ℃, the network pressure is 0.38MPa, and the winding speed is 3200m/min.
The monofilament linear density of the finally prepared terylene industrial yarn is 3000D, the breaking strength unevenness is 1.4%, the breaking elongation unevenness is 2.0%, and the chromaticity drop waiting rate is 14.5%.
Example 6
A spinning method for reducing the skin-core structure of polyester industrial yarns comprises the following specific processes:
the polyester melt is extruded by a spinneret plate and then is subjected to slow cooling by a slow cooler, cooling by a windless area, cooling by a blowing area, oiling, stretching, shaping, networking and winding to obtain polyester industrial yarns;
the height of a slow cooling zone where the slow cooler is positioned is 250mm, and the temperature of the slow cooling zone is 305 ℃; the height of the windless area is 250mm;
the air blowing area is sequentially provided with a cold air area a, a hot air area and a cold air area b from top to bottom;
the cooling device used for cooling the blowing area comprises a porous plate, a hot air box and a side air box;
the hot air box is of a rectangular structure, the side air box is of a trapezoid structure, the length of the hot air box is 1060mm, the width of the hot air box is 295mm, and the height of the hot air box is 360mm; the hot air bellow is fixed in the side air bellow;
a plurality of holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the spinneret plates are uniformly distributed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the hot air box, and annular filter cores are arranged in the holes; the annular filter element is connected with the hot air bellow in a sealing way; the diameter of the annular filter element is 206mm, and the mesh number of the annular filter element is 95 mesh;
the hot air bellows is connected with a hot air pipeline, and a hot air valve is arranged on the hot air pipeline;
an air outlet is formed in the side air blowing box, the perforated plate is a vertical plate, and the perforated plate is arranged at the air outlet;
the porous plate is sequentially divided into an upper plate, a middle plate and a lower plate from top to bottom, and corresponds to a cold air zone a, a hot air zone and a cold air zone b respectively; the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with holes, and the middle plate is not provided with holes; the upper plate has a pore diameter of 1.46mm and an open pore density of 430 pores/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The pore diameter of the lower plate is 1.46mm, and the open pore density is 430/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The height of the upper plate is 560mm, the height of the middle plate is 360mm, and the height of the lower plate is 460mm;
the temperature of the cold air zone a is 23.4 ℃, the temperature of the hot air zone is 126 ℃, and the temperature of the cold air zone b is 23.4 ℃;
the wind speed of the cold wind area a is 0.65m/s, the wind speed of the hot wind area is 0.65m/s, and the wind speed of the cold wind area b is 0.65m/s;
the stretching multiple is 5.8 times, the shaping temperature is 242 ℃, the network pressure is 0.35MPa, and the winding speed is 3000m/min.
The monofilament linear density of the finally prepared terylene industrial yarn is 2500D, the breaking strength unevenness is 0.8%, the breaking elongation unevenness is 2.3%, and the chromaticity drop waiting rate is 14.3%.
Claims (6)
1. A spinning method for reducing the skin-core structure of polyester industrial yarn, which is characterized in that polyester melt is extruded by a spinneret plate and then sequentially subjected to slow cooling by a slow cooler, cooling by a windless area, cooling by a blowing area, oiling, stretching, shaping, networking and winding to obtain the polyester industrial yarn, and the spinning method is characterized in that: the air blowing area is sequentially provided with a cold air area a, a hot air area and a cold air area b from top to bottom;
the height of the cold air area a is 500-600 mm, the height of the hot air area is 300-400 mm, and the height of the cold air area b is 400-500 mm;
the temperature of the cold air area a is 22-25 ℃, the temperature of the hot air area is 120-130 ℃, and the temperature of the cold air area b is 22-25 ℃.
2. The spinning method for reducing the sheath-core structure of the polyester industrial yarn according to claim 1, wherein the wind speed of the cold wind area a is 0.5-0.7 m/s, the wind speed of the hot wind area is 0.5-0.8 m/s, and the wind speed of the cold wind area b is 0.5-0.7 m/s.
3. The spinning method for reducing the sheath-core structure of the polyester industrial yarn according to claim 2, wherein the monofilament linear density of the polyester industrial yarn is 2000-3000D, the breaking strength unevenness is less than or equal to 1.6%, the breaking elongation unevenness is less than or equal to 3.5%, and the chromaticity drop is 10-15%.
4. A spinning method for reducing the skin-core structure of polyester industrial yarns according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cooling device adopted in the cooling of the blowing zone comprises a porous plate, a hot air box and a side air box; the hot air bellow is fixed in the side air bellow;
a plurality of holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the spinneret plates are uniformly distributed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the hot air box, and annular filter cores are arranged in the holes;
the hot air bellows is connected with a hot air pipeline, and a hot air valve is arranged on the hot air pipeline;
an air outlet is formed in the side air blowing box, the perforated plate is a vertical plate, and the perforated plate is arranged at the air outlet;
the porous plate is sequentially divided into an upper plate, a middle plate and a lower plate from top to bottom, and corresponds to a cold air zone a, a hot air zone and a cold air zone b respectively; the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with holes, and the middle plate is not provided with holes;
the hot air box corresponds to the middle plate.
5. The spinning method for reducing the skin-core structure of polyester industrial yarns according to claim 4, wherein the annular filter element is connected with the hot air box in a sealing way;
the length of the hot air bellow is 1000-1100 mm, the width is 280-300 mm, and the height is 300-400 mm;
the diameter of the annular filter element is 200-210 mm, and the mesh number of the annular filter element is 80-100 meshes.
6. The spinning method for reducing the sheath-core structure of polyester industrial yarns according to claim 4, wherein the aperture of the upper plate is 1.4-1.5 mm, and the open pore density is 400-450 pieces/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The aperture of the lower plate is 1.4-1.5 mm, and the open pore density is 400-450/m 2 。
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