CN117507524B - Double-component nylon high-elastic fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Double-component nylon high-elastic fabric and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117507524B
CN117507524B CN202410025018.0A CN202410025018A CN117507524B CN 117507524 B CN117507524 B CN 117507524B CN 202410025018 A CN202410025018 A CN 202410025018A CN 117507524 B CN117507524 B CN 117507524B
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nylon
fiber
elastic
bio
fabric
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CN117507524A (en
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曾庆萍
闻庆
唐东
王钟
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Kunshan Dongle New Material Technology Co ltd
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Kunshan Dongle New Material Technology Co ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/47—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads multicomponent, e.g. blended yarns or threads
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/02—Layered materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/12—Hygroscopic; Water retaining
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/14—Air permeable, i.e. capable of being penetrated by gases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/18—Elastic
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    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
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    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
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    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/36—Cored or coated yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/208—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based
    • D03D15/225—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based artificial, e.g. viscose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/56—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads elastic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
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    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-component nylon high-elastic fabric and a preparation method thereof, wherein a bio-based nylon material and nano carbon are subjected to composite spinning, and are twisted with superfine fibers to be woven into a bio-based nylon elastic layer, so that after the double-component nylon fabric is prepared, the elasticity and rebound resilience of the double-component nylon fabric can be effectively improved, the original form can be quickly recovered after the action of external force, the relative size of a gap on a PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer is ensured, the hygroscopicity and the air permeability of the composite fabric are increased, and the defect that the hygroscopicity is reduced due to structural deformation in the use process of the bio-based nylon fabric in the prior art is solved; the biological nylon fiber added with the nano carbon and the superfine fiber are twisted and spun, so that the high elasticity of the biological nylon fiber and the excellent rebound resilience of the superfine fiber can be combined, the absorption of moisture on the composite fabric is promoted, the hygroscopicity and the air permeability are improved, the discharge of the absorbed moisture can be promoted, and the moisture removing property of the composite fabric is improved.

Description

Double-component nylon high-elastic fabric and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of woven fabrics, and relates to the technical field of double-component or multi-component composite fibers, in particular to a double-component nylon high-elastic fabric and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Along with the increase of the demands of people on health and comfort, the moisture permeable fabric has very wide application prospect in the clothing industry. The pursuit of comfort for people makes the moisture permeable fabric have wide application prospect in the fields of daily clothing, outdoor sports equipment and the like. The moisture permeable fabric is a special textile material having breathability and moisture permeability, and is capable of allowing sweat and moisture to permeate out from the inside of the fabric while maintaining comfortable wearing feeling.
Nylon fabric is a common moisture permeable fabric, typically woven from polyamide fibers. Polyamides are polymers of a specific structure, usually obtained by polymerization of a diamine and a dicarboxylic acid or their derivatives. The polyamide has excellent wear resistance, heat resistance, corrosion resistance and moisture permeability, can be widely applied to the textile industry as a plurality of functional fibers. Bio-based nylon is an environmentally friendly nylon fiber, and is typically a variation of nylon fiber produced by using renewable bio-based raw materials. Nylon fibers are generally synthetic fibers produced from petroleum-based materials, while bio-based nylon is an environmentally friendly fiber that utilizes renewable resources, such as plant or bio-based materials, to make nylon fibers, compounding the current trend of environmental protection. The double-component nylon fabric can be obtained by carrying out mixed weaving on the nylon fabric with multiple components, and has the advantages of excellent comprehensive performance, good heat resistance, good chemical resistance, good processability and the like.
Chinese patent CN114987010a discloses a high moisture permeability bio-based nylon fabric comprising: the biological nylon fabric layer, the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer and the nylon warp-knitted base yarn are sequentially arranged, in the process of preparing the fabric, the gap length-width ratio of the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer is stretched to be 1.5:1-3:1, then the melted biological hot melt adhesive is coated on the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer, the biological nylon fabric layer and the nylon warp-knitted base yarn are attached to the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer coated with the hot melt adhesive, the gap is in the range of 1.5:1-3:1, the nanoscale gap of the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer is deformed to be elliptical, and under the double effects of the width of the gap and the surface tension, water drops cannot be spread on the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer, so that the transmittance of liquid water drops can be effectively reduced, meanwhile, the discharge of internal water vapor can be not influenced, and the waterproofness and the air permeability of the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer can be further improved. However, in daily use, due to the softness of the two-component nylon fabric, the gaps on the PTFE electrospun nano-film layer may be extruded, and due to the lack of rebound resilience of the two-component nylon fabric, the shape of the gaps is changed or even blocked, so that the waterproofness and the air permeability of the bio-based nylon fabric are seriously affected, and the use feeling is reduced.
Therefore, there is a need for improvements in the prior art biobased nylon fabrics to address the above-described problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides a double-component nylon high-elastic fabric and a preparation method thereof, and aims to overcome the defect of reduced hygroscopicity caused by structural deformation in the use process of a bio-based nylon fabric in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a bicomponent nylon high-elastic fabric, comprising: PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layers, and bio-based nylon elastic layers and nylon warp knitting base yarns which are respectively arranged at two sides of the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layers;
the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer is respectively in fit connection with the bio-based nylon elastic layer and the nylon warp knitting base yarn in an adhesive connection mode, and is prepared by PTFE solution electrostatic spinning;
the biological-based nylon elastic layer is woven by biomass bicomponent yarns, the biomass bicomponent yarns are formed by twisting main elastic fibers and auxiliary elastic fibers, the main elastic fibers comprise biological-based nylon and nano carbon, the auxiliary elastic fibers are ultrafine fibers, and the fiber diameter of the ultrafine fibers is smaller than 10 mu m;
the warp yarn of the bio-based nylon elastic layer is the biomass bicomponent yarn, the weft yarn is one or more of lyocell fiber, PET fiber and PBT fiber, and the weaving mode is tatting.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the doubling and twisting manner of the main elastic fiber and the auxiliary elastic fiber is core-spun doubling, the main elastic fiber is core yarn, the auxiliary elastic fiber is outer-covered yarn, and the biomass bicomponent yarn is prepared by one or more spinning manners of ring spinning and electrostatic spinning.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the auxiliary elastic fiber may be spandex, and the number of strands of the auxiliary elastic fiber in the biomass bicomponent yarn is 3-4.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bio-based nylon elastic layer is woven by one or more of twill weave and satin weave, and the twill is manufactured by double-sided twill weave.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mesh diameter on the bio-based nylon elastic layer is 200nm to 500nm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the nanocarbon to the bio-based nylon in the main elastic fiber is 1:9 to 1:19.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nanocarbon can be one or more of carbon nanotubes, graphene and carbon nanofibers, and the bio-based nylon and the nanocarbon in the main elastic fiber are uniformly dispersed.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the second technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the double-component nylon high-elastic fabric is based on the double-component nylon high-elastic fabric and comprises the following steps:
s1: the preparation method comprises the steps of (1) jointly melting and blending bio-based nylon, nano carbon and linseed oil, carrying out melt spinning, and continuously stirring and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation in the melt blending to obtain a main elastic fiber;
s2: twisting the main elastic fiber and the auxiliary elastic fiber prepared in the step S1 in parallel, and spinning to prepare a biomass double-component yarn;
s3: weaving the biomass bicomponent yarn in the S2 and the lyocell fiber in a tatting way to prepare a bio-based nylon elastic fabric, and performing alkali shrinkage treatment and heat setting treatment on the bio-based nylon elastic fabric to prepare a bio-based nylon elastic layer;
s4: and preparing a PTFE solution into a PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer through electrostatic spinning, weaving nylon fibers into nylon warp-knitted base yarns, taking the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer as an intermediate layer, and respectively bonding the bio-based nylon elastic layer and the nylon warp-knitted base yarns in the step S3 on two sides of the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer through adhesives to prepare the double-component nylon high-elastic fabric.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the bio-based nylon, the nanocarbon and the linseed oil in the S1 are melt blended, an electric field is applied, and the direction of the electric field is consistent with the axis direction of the main elastic fiber.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the biomass bicomponent yarn and the lyocell fiber in S3 are woven, the woven fabric is stretched, the stretching direction is parallel to the fabric, and the stretching direction is consistent with the warp direction.
The invention solves the defects existing in the background technology, and has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention provides a double-component nylon high-elastic fabric and a preparation method thereof, wherein a biological-based nylon material and nano carbon are subjected to composite spinning, and are twisted with superfine fibers to be woven into a biological-based nylon elastic layer, and the biological-based nylon elastic layer, a PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer and a nylon warp-knitted base yarn are bonded to form the double-component nylon fabric.
(2) In the invention, the bio-based nylon and the nano carbon are subjected to composite spinning, the nano carbon is uniformly dispersed in the bio-based nylon fiber to form a sea-island structure, the elasticity and rebound resilience of the bio-based nylon fiber can be enhanced, compared with the prior art, the nano carbon enhances the elasticity and rebound resilience of the bio-based nylon, so that the bio-based nylon fabric can recover shape after being subjected to the action of external force, the gap size of the bio-based nylon fabric is maintained, and the hygroscopicity of the bio-based nylon fabric is ensured.
(3) According to the invention, the biological nylon fiber added with the nano carbon and the superfine fiber are twisted and spun, so that the high elasticity of the biological nylon fiber and the excellent rebound resilience of the superfine fiber can be combined, and after the composite fabric is manufactured, the absorption of moisture on the composite fabric is promoted.
(4) According to the invention, the bio-based nylon fiber is used as the core yarn, the superfine fiber is used as the outer envelope, so that the bio-based nylon yarn can form a core-spun structure, and the manufactured bio-based nylon fabric has a high specific surface area and a multi-micro pore structure.
(5) In the invention, the superfine fiber has the characteristics of small fiber diameter and high specific surface area, and after being used as an outer envelope, the composite fabric can be increased in elasticity, compared with the prior art, the composite fabric can be enabled to be more effectively contacted with and absorb water molecules, the specific surface area can be increased under the action of external force, the capability of the composite fabric for absorbing and transporting water is improved, and the hygroscopicity of the composite fabric is improved.
(6) In the invention, the biological nylon elastic layer adopts one or more of twill weaving and satin weaving, and the twill manufacturing adopts double-sided twill weaving, so that the ductility and elasticity of the composite fabric can be enhanced under the action of external force.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art;
fig. 1 is a method step diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
A bicomponent nylon high-elastic fabric, comprising: PTFE electrostatic spinning nano-film layer, biological nylon elastic layer and nylon warp knitting base yarn respectively set on two sides of PTFE electrostatic spinning nano-film layer.
The PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer is respectively in fit connection with the bio-based nylon elastic layer and the nylon warp knitting base yarn, the connection mode is adhesive connection, and the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer is prepared by PTFE solution electrostatic spinning. PTFE is an antifriction material, and textiles made of PTFE can have excellent wear resistance and moisture absorption and air permeability. The nylon warp base yarn is woven from nylon fibers using a tatting process, and the nylon used can be one or more of nylon 6, nylon 56 and nylon 66.
The biological-based nylon elastic layer is woven by biomass bicomponent yarns, the biomass bicomponent yarns are formed by twisting main elastic fibers and auxiliary elastic fibers in parallel, the main elastic fibers comprise biological-based nylon and nano carbon, the auxiliary elastic fibers are ultrafine fibers, and the fiber diameter of the ultrafine fibers is smaller than 10 mu m. When the fiber diameter of the superfine fiber is smaller than 10 mu m, the superfine fiber can have a microstructure, and tiny grooves exist on the fiber, so that the capability of intercepting and absorbing moisture is enhanced. The bio-based nylon is selected from bio-based nylon 56 or bio-based nylon 66, and is polymerized by bio-based diamine and petroleum-based diacid. The fineness of the main elastic fiber is kept between 20S and 35S, and the main elastic fiber and the superfine fiber can form a synergistic effect, so that the bio-based nylon elastic layer has both the high elasticity of the main elastic fiber and the rebound resilience of the superfine fiber.
The bio-based nylon and the nano carbon are subjected to composite spinning, the nano carbon is uniformly dispersed in the bio-based nylon fiber to form a sea-island structure, the elasticity and rebound resilience of the bio-based nylon fiber can be enhanced, the nano carbon enhances the elasticity and rebound resilience of the bio-based nylon, the bio-based nylon fabric can recover shape after being subjected to the action of external force, the gap size of the bio-based nylon fabric is maintained, and the hygroscopicity of the bio-based nylon fabric is ensured.
The biological nylon fiber added with the nano carbon and the superfine fiber are twisted and spun, so that the high elasticity of the biological nylon fiber and the excellent rebound resilience of the superfine fiber can be combined, after the composite fabric is manufactured, the absorption of moisture on the composite fabric is promoted, the hygroscopicity and the air permeability are improved, the discharge of the absorbed moisture can be promoted, and the moisture removing property is improved.
The warp yarn of the bio-based nylon elastic layer is a biomass bicomponent yarn, the weft yarn is one or more of lyocell fiber, PET fiber and PBT fiber, and the weaving mode is tatting. The lyocell fiber, the PET fiber and the PBT fiber have high elasticity, and can strengthen the elasticity of the bio-based nylon elastic layer.
The lyocell fiber is an artificial fiber which takes natural plant fiber as raw material, has various excellent performances of natural fiber and synthetic fiber, has high strength, avoids shrinkage, has good moisture permeability and air permeability, and can improve the elasticity and the moisture permeability of a biological nylon elastic layer when used as weft to make twill.
The PET fiber is a fiber woven by polyethylene terephthalate micro raw material, and the PBT fiber is a fiber woven by polybutylene terephthalate as raw material, and has good tensile compression elasticity and hygroscopicity, and can be used as weft to weave elasticity and moisture permeability of a bio-based nylon elastic layer.
The bio-based nylon material and the nano carbon are subjected to composite spinning, and are twisted with superfine fibers to be woven into a bio-based nylon elastic layer, and the bio-based nylon elastic layer, the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer and the nylon warp-knitted base yarn are bonded to form the double-component nylon fabric, so that the elasticity and rebound resilience of the double-component nylon fabric can be effectively improved, the original form can be quickly recovered after the action of external force through increasing the elasticity and rebound resilience of the double-component nylon fabric, the relative size of a gap on the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer is ensured, the hygroscopicity and the air permeability of the composite fabric are increased, and the defect that the hygroscopicity is reduced due to structural deformation in the use process of the bio-based nylon fabric in the prior art is overcome.
The doubling and twisting mode of the main elastic fiber and the auxiliary elastic fiber is core-spun doubling, the main elastic fiber is core yarn, the auxiliary elastic fiber is outer-covered yarn, and the biomass double-component yarn is prepared by one or more spinning modes of ring spinning and electrostatic spinning. The core-spun and twisted process is to wrap one fiber on another fiber, so that the combination between the main elastic fiber and the auxiliary elastic fiber is tighter in the process of applying twist, and the gaps among the fibers are reduced, thereby improving the rebound resilience of the yarn.
Ring spinning is a traditional spinning technology, and fiber strips are converted into spun yarns through the technical processes of twisting, roller drafting and the like of spindles, rings and bead rings. In the ring spinning process, the fiber is drawn to form spun yarn, and the spun yarn has certain elasticity and hygroscopicity due to certain external force action of the fiber in the twisting and winding processes. Electrospinning is a method of moving fibers and condensing the fibers into yarns using an electrostatic field. In electrospinning, fibers are subjected to an electrostatic field to move toward opposite electrodes and coalesce into a yarn having a certain structure and properties. Because the force applied to the fibers in the electrospinning process is smaller, the formed yarn structure is looser and has better elasticity. Meanwhile, the fibers in the electrostatic spinning are subjected to electrostatic field treatment, so that the yarn has certain hygroscopicity.
The biological nylon yarn is used as the core yarn, the superfine fiber is used as the outer envelope, the biological nylon yarn can form a core-spun structure, the manufactured biological nylon fabric has a high specific surface area and a multi-micro pore structure, the multi-micro pore structure can contact more water molecules, a channel is provided for the transmission of the water molecules, large-size water drops can be prevented from passing through, the hygroscopicity of the fabric is improved, the contact surface of the water molecules can be increased due to the high specific surface area, the evaporation efficiency of the water molecules is improved, and the moisture removal performance of the fabric is improved.
The auxiliary elastic fiber can be made of spandex, and the number of strands of the auxiliary elastic fiber in the biomass double-component yarn is 3-4. The superfine fiber has the characteristics of small fiber diameter and high specific surface area, can increase the elasticity of the composite fabric after being used as an outer envelope, can enable the composite fabric to more effectively contact and absorb water molecules, can enable the specific surface area to be improved under the action of external force, improves the capability of the composite fabric for absorbing and transporting water, and improves the hygroscopicity of the composite fabric. In a living beings bicomponent yarn, main elastic fiber is 1 strand, and supplementary elastic fiber strand number is 3-4 strands, can make supplementary elastic fiber play the effect of reinforcing elasticity to main elastic fiber, and supplementary elastic fiber strand number is less than 3 strands when, and bio-based nylon yarn's resilience is not enough, and supplementary elastic fiber strand number is greater than 4 strands, can make bio-based nylon yarn intensity too high, leads to elasticity decline.
The biological nylon elastic layer is woven in one or more of twill weave and satin weave, and the twill manufacture adopts double-sided twill weave. The biological nylon elastic layer adopts double-sided twill weaving, so that the ductility and elasticity of the composite fabric can be enhanced under the action of external force, the twill structure of the biological nylon elastic layer can have larger degree of freedom, the elasticity of the biological nylon elastic layer can be improved, the moisture absorption of the composite fabric is promoted, and the hygroscopicity of the composite fabric is improved.
The diameter of the gaps between the fibers on the bio-based nylon elastic layer is 200nm-500nm. The diameter of water molecules is 1nm, the diameter of water drops is 500-1000 mu m, when the diameter of gaps between fibers is 200-500 mu m, water molecules can penetrate, the water drops are blocked, when the diameter of the gaps between fibers is smaller than 200nm, the water molecules collide and squeeze when passing through, the passing speed of the water molecules is slowed down, and when the diameter of the gaps between fibers is larger than 500nm, the tension of the water drops can enable the water drops to adsorb with the gaps between fibers, so that the gaps between fibers are blocked.
The mass ratio of the nano carbon to the bio-based nylon in the main elastic fiber is 1:9-1:19. The carbon nano-meter content in the main elastic fiber is helpful for improving the fiber elasticity, but when the carbon fiber content is too high, the strength is too hard, so that the fiber rigidity is too strong, and the elasticity is lost.
The nano carbon can be one or more of carbon nano tube, graphene and carbon nano fiber, and the bio-based nylon and the nano carbon in the main elastic fiber are uniformly dispersed. Nanocarbon is a form of carbon elements at a nanoscale, having many unique properties, generally including carbon nanotube, graphene, carbon nanofiber, and the like.
The carbon nano tube is a one-dimensional quantum material, and has a special structure and excellent mechanical, electrical and chemical properties. The radial dimension of the carbon atoms is nano-scale, the axial dimension of the carbon atoms is micro-scale, the carbon atoms in hexagonal arrangement form coaxial circular tubes with a plurality of layers to tens of layers, the layers are kept at a fixed distance, and the diameter is generally 2-20nm. The fiber has good mechanical properties, and the carbon nano tube composite fiber can enhance the mechanical properties and improve the softness and the elasticity.
Graphene is a material composed of a single layer of carbon atoms in sp 2 The two-dimensional crystalline material formed by hybridization is one of the thinnest, most rigid materials known to date. The lattice structure of graphene is similar to that of graphite, and is composed of a honeycomb structure, but each carbon atom in graphene only forms a covalent bond with three adjacent carbon atoms, and the structure enables the graphene to have extremely high strength and toughness. The graphene composite fiber can enhance mechanical properties and improve softness and elasticity.
Carbon nanofibers are fibrous nanomaterials formed from carbon atoms, typically between a few to tens of nanometers in diameter. Because of excellent mechanical property and good dispersibility, the carbon nanofiber can remarkably improve the strength, rigidity, fatigue resistance and other properties of the composite material. When the carbon nanofibers are used for composite spinning, the elasticity and rebound resilience of the composite fibers can be improved.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to achieve the above object, a second technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: the preparation method of the double-component nylon high-elastic fabric is based on the double-component nylon high-elastic fabric and comprises the following steps:
s1: the preparation method comprises the steps of (1) jointly melting and blending bio-based nylon, nano carbon and linseed oil, carrying out melt spinning, and continuously stirring and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation in the melt blending to obtain a main elastic fiber; the melt blending spinning can make the bio-based nylon, the nano carbon and the linseed oil into fibers with uniform thickness, so that the performances of the main elastic fibers are average, and the uniformity of the main elastic fibers is improved.
The bio-based nylon belongs to a polar polymer, the nano carbon is a nonpolar material, and the linseed oil is modified by maleic anhydride, so that the bio-based nylon and the nano carbon can be compounded, the effect of a binder can be achieved, and the strength of the main elastic fiber is enhanced. Ultrasonic vibration and stirring can enable the bio-based nylon, the nano carbon and the linseed oil to be uniformly mixed.
S2: twisting the main elastic fiber and the auxiliary elastic fiber prepared in the step S1, and spinning to prepare biomass double-component yarns;
s3: weaving the biomass bicomponent yarn in the step S2 and the lyocell fiber to prepare a bio-based nylon elastic fabric, and performing alkali shrinkage treatment for 20min and heat setting treatment for 10min on the bio-based nylon elastic fabric to prepare a bio-based nylon elastic layer;
by alkali shrink treatment is meant that the textile is treated in a caustic solution, but without applying tension, and allowed to shrink. The treatment can make the fabric become more compact, plump, elastic and have good shape retention. The heat setting treatment is to set the textile by heating and pressurizing, so that the textile is more stable in shape and size. During the heat setting process, the fiber molecules rearrange at high temperatures to form a more stable structure.
The crystallinity of the fiber and the interaction between molecules can be changed by using alkali liquor to treat the bio-based nylon fabric, so that the elasticity of the fabric is improved. The treatment method can make the fabric softer and better in elasticity; in the heat setting process, fiber molecules are rearranged at high temperature to form a more stable structure, so that the elasticity and hygroscopicity of the fabric are affected.
S4: PTFE solution is prepared into a PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer through electrostatic spinning, nylon fibers are woven into nylon warp-knitted base yarns, the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer is used as an intermediate layer, and the bio-based nylon elastic layer and the nylon warp-knitted base yarns in the S3 are respectively bonded on two sides of the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer through adhesives, so that the double-component nylon high-elastic fabric is prepared.
And S1, when the bio-based nylon, the nano carbon and the linseed oil are subjected to melt blending, an electric field is applied, and the direction of the electric field is consistent with the axis direction of the main elastic fiber. After the electric field is applied, the nano carbon is orderly arranged in the melt, so that the elasticity of the main elastic fiber is enhanced and uniformly dispersed.
And S3, stretching the twill fabric when the biomass bicomponent yarns and the lyocell fibers are subjected to twill weaving, wherein the stretching direction is parallel to the fabric, and the stretching direction is consistent with the warp direction. In the stretching process of the twill fabric, warp yarns and weft yarns can be stretched, so that the fabric has certain rebound resilience. The hygroscopicity of the twill fabric is related to the arrangement and voids of the fibers. By stretching, the fibers can be arranged more orderly, and the porosity of the fabric is increased, so that the hygroscopicity of the fabric is improved.
Example 1
The biomass bicomponent yarn prepared in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
3 parts of carbon nano tube, 97 parts of bio-based nylon 66 and 1 part of linseed oil are jointly fused and blended, and then the fused spinning is carried out at the temperature of 210 ℃ to obtain main elastic fiber with the fineness of 30S, the obtained main elastic fiber is taken as a core yarn, spandex superfine fiber with the fiber diameter of 5 mu m is taken as an outer covering yarn, the yarn is twisted in a 1:3 yarn number, and the twisted composite yarn is subjected to ring spinning to obtain the biomass bicomponent yarn.
Example two
5 parts of carbon nano tube, 95 parts of bio-based nylon 66 and 1 part of linseed oil are jointly fused and blended, and then the fused spinning is carried out at the temperature of 210 ℃ to obtain main elastic fiber with the fineness of 30S, the obtained main elastic fiber is taken as a core yarn, spandex superfine fiber with the fiber diameter of 5 mu m is taken as an outer covering yarn, the yarn is twisted in a 1:3 yarn number, and the twisted composite yarn is subjected to ring spinning to obtain the biomass bicomponent yarn.
Example III
7 parts of carbon nano tube, 93 parts of bio-based nylon 66 and 1 part of linseed oil are jointly fused and blended, and then the fused spinning is carried out at the temperature of 210 ℃ to obtain main elastic fiber with the fineness of 30S, the obtained main elastic fiber is taken as a core yarn, spandex superfine fiber with the fiber diameter of 5 mu m is taken as an outer covering yarn, the yarn is twisted in a 1:3 yarn number, and the twisted composite yarn is subjected to ring spinning to obtain the biomass bicomponent yarn.
Example IV
10 parts of carbon nano tube, 90 parts of bio-based nylon 66 and 1 part of linseed oil are jointly fused and blended, melt spinning is carried out at the temperature of 210 ℃ to obtain main elastic fiber with the fineness of 30S, the obtained main elastic fiber is taken as a core yarn, spandex superfine fiber with the fiber diameter of 5 mu m is taken as an outer covering yarn, the yarn is twisted in a 1:3 yarn number, and the twisted composite yarn is subjected to ring spinning to obtain the biomass bicomponent yarn.
Example five
And (3) melting and blending 12 parts of carbon nano tubes, 88 parts of bio-based nylon 66 and 1 part of linseed oil together, carrying out melt spinning at the temperature of 210 ℃ to obtain main elastic fibers with fineness of 30S, taking the obtained main elastic fibers as core yarns, taking spandex superfine fibers with fiber diameters of 5 mu m as outer covering yarns, carrying out cabling with the yarn number of 1:3, and carrying out ring spinning on the composite yarns after cabling to obtain the biomass bicomponent yarns.
Example six
The preparation method of the double-component nylon high-elastic fabric comprises the following steps:
7 parts of carbon nano tube, 93 parts of bio-based nylon 66 and 1 part of linseed oil are jointly fused and blended, and then the fused spinning is carried out at the temperature of 210 ℃ to obtain main elastic fiber with the fineness of 30S, the obtained main elastic fiber is taken as a core yarn, spandex superfine fiber with the fiber diameter of 5 mu m is taken as an outer covering yarn, the yarn is twisted in a 1:3 yarn number, and the twisted composite yarn is subjected to ring spinning to obtain the biomass bicomponent yarn.
And (3) carrying out double-sided twill weaving on the biomass double-component yarn, taking the biomass double-component yarn as warp yarn, taking lyocell fiber with the fiber fineness of 50S as weft yarn to prepare the bio-based nylon elastic fabric, and respectively carrying out alkali shrinkage treatment for 20min and heat setting treatment for 10min on the bio-based nylon elastic fabric to prepare the bio-based nylon elastic layer.
PTFE aqueous solution with the concentration of 75% is prepared into a PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer through electrostatic spinning, nylon fibers with the fiber fineness of 25S are woven into nylon warp-knitted base yarns, the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer is used as an intermediate layer, and the bio-based nylon elastic layer and the nylon warp-knitted base yarns are respectively adhered to the two sides of the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer through hot melt adhesives, so that the bicomponent nylon high-elastic fabric is prepared.
Comparative example one
This comparative example produced a biobased nylon yarn comprising the steps of:
and (3) carrying out melt spinning on 100 parts of bio-based nylon 66 to prepare the bio-based nylon yarn with fineness of 30S.
Comparative example two
The comparative example prepared a bio-based nylon fabric comprising the following steps:
and (3) carrying out melt spinning on 100 parts of bio-based nylon 66 to prepare the bio-based nylon yarn with fineness of 30S. And (3) performing double-sided twill weaving on the bio-based nylon yarn, taking the biomass double-component yarn as warp yarn, taking lyocell fiber with the fiber fineness of 50S as weft yarn to prepare the bio-based nylon fabric, and respectively performing alkali shrinkage treatment for 20min and heat setting treatment for 10min on the bio-based nylon fabric to prepare the bio-based nylon fabric layer.
PTFE aqueous solution with the concentration of 75% is prepared into a PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer through electrostatic spinning, nylon fibers with the fiber fineness of 25S are woven into nylon warp-knitted base yarns, the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer is used as an intermediate layer, and the bio-based nylon fabric layer and the nylon warp-knitted base yarns are respectively adhered to the two sides of the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer through hot melt adhesives, so that the bio-based nylon composite fabric is prepared.
Test experiment one:
cutting the yarns in the first to fifth examples and the first comparative example for one section, respectively placing in a 70 ℃ oven for drying for 0.5h, fixing one end of the yarn, naturally hanging the other end of the yarn to enable the yarn to hang vertically, and measuring the length of the yarn to be L at the moment 0 Fixing the other end of the yarn with 2mg weight for 2min, and measuring the yarn length L 1 . Elastic elongation (%) =X100%, and the test results are shown in Table one.
Table elastic elongation in examples one to five and comparative example one
As shown in table one, the elastic elongations of examples one to five were each larger than that of the comparative example, and the elastic elongations of examples one and five were similar to that of comparative example one, and the elastic elongations of examples two and four were improved as compared with that of comparative example one, with the elastic elongation of example three being the highest.
The elastic elongation is related to the fiber elasticity, the larger the elastic elongation is, the larger the fiber elasticity is, the elastic elongation of the first to fifth examples is larger than that of the comparative example, and the elasticity of the biomass bicomponent yarn is better than that of the bio-based nylon yarn.
Test experiment II
Sample of 10cm x10 cm was cut out from example six and comparative example two, and the initial weight m of the sample was tested 0 The sample was placed in a constant temperature and humidity cabinet with 65% relative humidity and 50℃for 2 hours, taken out and examined for weight m at this time 1 The test data are shown in table two, moisture regain =X100%。
Moisture regain of examples six and comparative example two
From the table two, the moisture regain of the example six is greater than that of the comparative example two, the moisture regain is related to the water absorption performance of the fabric, the greater the moisture regain, the stronger the water absorption capacity of the fabric, and the better the hygroscopicity, the hygroscopicity of the example six is greater than that of the comparative example two, and the hygroscopicity of the two-component nylon high-elastic fabric is greater than that of the bio-based nylon fabric.
The above-described preferred embodiments according to the present invention are intended to suggest that, from the above description, various changes and modifications can be made by the person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.

Claims (3)

1. A bicomponent nylon high-elastic fabric, comprising: PTFE electrostatic spinning nanometer rete, set up respectively in biological base nylon elastic layer and nylon warp knitting backing yarn of PTFE electrostatic spinning nanometer rete both sides, its characterized in that:
the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer is respectively in fit connection with the bio-based nylon elastic layer and the nylon warp knitting base yarn in an adhesive connection mode, and is prepared by PTFE solution electrostatic spinning;
the biological-based nylon elastic layer is woven by biomass bicomponent yarns, the biomass bicomponent yarns are formed by twisting main elastic fibers and auxiliary elastic fibers, the main elastic fibers comprise 93 parts of biological-based nylon 66 and 7 parts of carbon nanotubes, the auxiliary elastic fibers are spandex superfine fibers, and the fiber diameter of the superfine fibers is 5 mu m; the main elastic fiber is used as a core yarn, the auxiliary elastic fiber is used as an outer envelope yarn, and the doubling and twisting are carried out according to the strand number of 1:3;
the warp yarn of the bio-based nylon elastic layer is the biomass bicomponent yarn, the weft yarn is one or more of lyocell fiber, PET fiber and PBT fiber, and the weaving mode is tatting;
the preparation method of the double-component nylon high-elastic fabric comprises the following steps:
s1: melting and blending 93 parts of bio-based nylon 66, 7 parts of carbon nano tubes and 1 part of linseed oil together, carrying out melt spinning at the temperature of 210 ℃, and continuously stirring and carrying out ultrasonic vibration in the melt blending to obtain a main elastic fiber with the fineness of 30S; when the bio-based nylon 66, the carbon nano tube and the linseed oil are subjected to melt blending, an electric field is applied, and the direction of the electric field is consistent with the axis direction of the main elastic fiber;
s2: taking the main elastic fiber prepared in the step S1 as a core yarn and the auxiliary elastic fiber as an outer envelope yarn, cabling the main elastic fiber with a yarn number of 1:3, and performing ring spinning to prepare a biomass double-component yarn;
s3: weaving the biomass bicomponent yarn in the S2 and the lyocell fiber in a tatting way to prepare a bio-based nylon elastic fabric, and performing alkali shrinkage treatment and heat setting treatment on the bio-based nylon elastic fabric to prepare a bio-based nylon elastic layer; when the biomass bicomponent yarn and the lyocell fiber are woven in a tatting way, the tatted fabric is stretched, the stretching direction is parallel to the fabric, and the stretching direction is consistent with the warp direction;
s4: and preparing a PTFE solution into a PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer through electrostatic spinning, weaving nylon fibers into nylon warp-knitted base yarns, taking the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer as an intermediate layer, and respectively bonding the bio-based nylon elastic layer and the nylon warp-knitted base yarns in the step S3 on two sides of the PTFE electrostatic spinning nano film layer through adhesives to prepare the double-component nylon high-elastic fabric.
2. The two-component nylon high-elastic fabric according to claim 1, wherein the two-component nylon high-elastic fabric is characterized in that: the biological nylon elastic layer is woven in one or more of twill weave and satin weave, and the twill manufacture adopts double-sided twill weave.
3. The two-component nylon high-elastic fabric according to claim 1, wherein the two-component nylon high-elastic fabric is characterized in that: the fiber gap diameter on the bio-based nylon elastic layer is 200nm-500nm.
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