CN117490831A - Device of wide-frequency-band ultrahigh-directivity hydrophone - Google Patents
Device of wide-frequency-band ultrahigh-directivity hydrophone Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117490831A CN117490831A CN202311441410.5A CN202311441410A CN117490831A CN 117490831 A CN117490831 A CN 117490831A CN 202311441410 A CN202311441410 A CN 202311441410A CN 117490831 A CN117490831 A CN 117490831A
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- Prior art keywords
- hydrophone
- support
- layer
- sound
- wide
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Links
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000030279 gene silencing Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012814 acoustic material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H11/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties
- G01H11/06—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means
- G01H11/08—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means using piezoelectric devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/521—Constructional features
Abstract
The device of the wide-band ultra-high directivity hydrophone comprises: the invention relates to a sound-absorbing type underwater target, which comprises an outer sound-absorbing layer, a sound isolation layer, an inner sound-absorbing layer, a cable interface, a support and hydrophones, wherein the support is a rod-shaped object, at least one hydrophone is fixed on one side of the support, the hydrophones are mutually separated, the cable interface is fixed on the other side of the support, the hydrophones are respectively connected with the cable interface through cables, the inner sound-absorbing layer covers the hydrophones on the outer side of the hydrophones, the inner sound-absorbing layer partitions the hydrophones into a cavity, the cavity extends to the outer side of the support along the support, the cavity covering the hydrophones is a resonant cavity, the rest part of the cavity is a sound channel, the sound channel is outwards opened, the sound isolation layer is wrapped on the outer side of the sound isolation layer, the outer sound isolation layer is wrapped on the outer side of the sound isolation layer, and the outer sound isolation layer wraps one part of the cable interface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of underwater acoustic measurement, in particular to a device of a wide-frequency-band ultra-high directivity hydrophone, which is suitable for the development and application of various underwater sonar equipment and has flexible configuration modes.
Background
Hydrophones used for receiving underwater signals are of two types, namely omni-directional reception and directional reception. The individual hydrophones with directivity are limited by the characteristics of the vibrating element, and after the individual hydrophones are made, the directivity characteristics are fixed, and the directivity width and the directivity shape are greatly different according to the frequency of the received signal. The method is easy to be interfered by noise and reverberation in an environmental sound field in use. It is difficult to achieve narrow signal receiving space directivity with a single hydrophone at a single frequency and over a wide frequency range.
The hydrophones with different directivities form an array, so that narrower signal receiving space directivities can be formed, and the direction of a receiving wave beam can be controlled by adjusting the receiving phase of each array element. The receiving array formed by uniformly distributing array element intervals has different receiving directivities for different frequencies. To achieve the consistent receiving directivity of a wider frequency band, namely constant beam width receiving, although the receiving can be achieved from the aspect of software processing algorithm, the achieved algorithm is complex and the frequency range is limited, the wider frequency band needs to be divided into smaller sub-frequency bands from the physical layer, array element distribution is respectively designed for each sub-frequency band, and then nesting is carried out to form a constant beam width receiving array of the wide frequency band.
The receiving array formed by the hydrophones with no directivity needs to form narrower transmitting directivity of the receiving wave beam, the number of array elements needs to be increased, and the problem of larger receiving array can be caused for low frequency, and even the receiving array cannot be realized.
In the acoustic artificial structure (super-structure material) which appears in recent years, an acoustic resonance structure is introduced, so that extreme acoustic parameters which are not possessed by natural materials such as dynamic negative mass density, negative bulk modulus, zero refractive index and the like can be realized, and brand new degree of freedom and great possibility are brought for regulating and controlling sound waves. The structure with the specific acoustic parameters is reasonably designed and realized, the theoretical limit of classical acoustics can be broken through, and the novel functional acoustic material is constructed and a novel acoustic device is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing single hydrophone is difficult to realize narrower signal receiving space directivity, and provides a device of a wide-band ultrahigh-directivity hydrophone.
In order to accomplish the object of the present application, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a device of a wide-band ultrahigh-directivity hydrophone, which comprises: outer noise elimination layer, sound isolation layer, interior noise elimination layer, cable interface, support and hydrophone, the support is the shaft-like thing, wherein: at least one hydrophone is fixed on one side of the support, each hydrophone is mutually separated, a cable interface is fixed on the other side of the support, each hydrophone is connected with the cable interface through a cable, an inner silencing layer covers the hydrophone on the outer side of the hydrophone, the inner silencing layer separates the hydrophone into a cavity, the cavity extends towards the outer side of the support along the support, the cavity covering the hydrophone is a resonant cavity, the rest part of the cavity is an acoustic channel, the acoustic channel is outwards opened, an acoustic isolation layer is wrapped on the outer side of the silencing layer, an outer silencing layer is wrapped on the outer side of the acoustic isolation layer, and a part of the cable interface is wrapped by the outer silencing layer.
The invention relates to a device of a wide-frequency-band ultrahigh-directivity hydrophone, wherein: the inner silencing layer is a hollow curved column which takes the support as a central line, takes the curve on the outer side of the support as a bus and covers the hydrophone.
The invention relates to a device of a wide-frequency-band ultrahigh-directivity hydrophone, wherein: the number of the hydrophones is 1-5.
The invention relates to a device of a wide-frequency-band ultrahigh-directivity hydrophone, wherein: the opening of the acoustic channel is a horn mouth.
The invention relates to a device of a wide-frequency-band ultrahigh-directivity hydrophone, wherein: the outer silencing layer is made of silencing materials; the sound isolation layer is made of sound insulation materials; the inner silencing layer outside the resonant cavity is made of a reflective acoustic material; the inner sound damping layer outside the acoustic channel is made of sound damping material.
The invention relates to a device of a wide-frequency-band ultrahigh-directivity hydrophone, wherein: the hydrophone is a piezoelectric ceramic hydrophone, an optical fiber hydrophone or a piezoelectric crystal hydrophone.
The invention relates to a device of a wide-frequency-band ultrahigh-directivity hydrophone, wherein: the hydrophone is in the shape of a sphere, a cylinder, a ring or a plane.
Compared with the existing hydrophone, the device of the wide-frequency-band ultrahigh-directivity hydrophone has the following advantages:
1. the invention uses the material of the sound elimination structure to form the directional receiving channel, which points to the direction of the receiving sound source, the other end of the receiving channel is a resonant cavity, wherein the receiving hydrophone is arranged, and the size and length of the opening of the receiving channel and the shape and size of the resonant cavity around the hydrophone are designed according to the receiving frequency band, so that the receiving effect is optimal. The interface reflection sound or other interference sound generated in each non-receiving direction on the periphery is shielded, so that the purpose of effectively measuring by using a hydrophone structure with smaller size and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the receiving position is achieved.
2. The invention fully utilizes the characteristic that sound waves are longitudinal waves on the basis of the existing hydrophone, can receive ultra-wideband constant wave beam width of underwater sound signals in various underwater environments by using the hydrophone with smaller scale from a physical layer, and can design and realize appointed wave beam directivity according to requirements. The method can be used for measuring the radiation sound field intensity of a specific part of the underwater target. The mutual interference of a plurality of sound source signals can be effectively avoided in a complex underwater environment, and the sound signals of the target to be detected can be effectively received even if the sound source signals with frequency bands overlapped with each other exist around the sound source signals as long as the sound source signals are positioned in the measuring direction of the invention in space.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a front cross-section of an apparatus of the wide-band ultra-high directivity hydrophone of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic side view taken from fig. 1 A-A.
In fig. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes an outer sound damping layer; reference numeral 2 is an acoustic isolation layer; reference numeral 3 is an inner sound damping layer; reference numeral 4 is an acoustic channel; reference numeral 5 denotes a resonant cavity; reference numeral 6 is a cable interface; reference numeral 7 is a bracket; reference numeral 8 denotes a hydrophone.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the apparatus for a wide-band ultra-high directivity hydrophone of the present invention includes: the novel sound insulation device comprises an outer sound insulation layer 1, a sound insulation layer 2, an inner sound insulation layer 3, a cable interface 6, a support 7 and a hydrophone 8, wherein the support 7 is a rod, 3 hydrophones 8 are fixed on one side of the support 7, the hydrophones 8 are mutually separated, the cable interface 6 is fixed on the other side of the support 7, the hydrophones 8 are respectively connected with the cable interface 6 through cables, the inner sound insulation layer 3 covers the hydrophone 8 on the outer side of the hydrophone 8, the inner sound insulation layer 3 takes the support 7 as a central line, takes a curve on the outer side of the support 7 as a bus and covers a hollow curved column of the hydrophone 8, the inner sound insulation layer 3 separates the hydrophone 8 into a cavity, the cavity extends towards the outer side of the support 7 along the support 7, the cavity covering the hydrophone 8 is a resonant cavity 5, the rest of the cavity is a sound channel 4, the sound channel 4 is outwards opened, the opening of the cavity is a horn mouth, the sound insulation layer 2 is wrapped on the outer side of the sound insulation layer 2, the outer sound insulation layer 1 wraps a part of the cable interface 6.
The outer silencing layer 1 is made of silencing materials; the sound isolation layer 2 is made of sound insulation material; the inner silencing layer 3 outside the resonant cavity 5 is made of a reflective acoustic material; the inner sound damping layer 3 outside the acoustic channel 4 is made of sound damping material.
The hydrophone 8 is a piezoelectric ceramic hydrophone, an optical fiber hydrophone or a piezoelectric crystal hydrophone. The shape of the material is sphere, cylinder, ring or plane.
The silencing layer 1 is wrapped on the surface of the device and is made of silencing materials, so that sound wave reflection of broadband sound source signals in peripheral non-receiving directions entering the device of the broadband ultrahigh-directivity hydrophone can be eliminated, and influence of the device on other peripheral sound receiving devices is reduced.
The sound isolation layer 2 is wrapped around the device, is made of sound insulation materials and has the isolation function of wider-band sound waves, and the inside and outside sound fields of the device are isolated, so that on one hand, the broadband sound source signal sound waves incident in the peripheral non-receiving direction cannot be received by a hydrophone in the device, and on the other hand, resonance generated by the received sound waves in the device cannot be transmitted.
The noise cancellation layer 3 can reduce abnormal reflection reverberation that may occur in a part of the frequency band within the device. The received signal is kept stable.
The opening direction of the acoustic channel 4 is used for receiving sound source signal analysis, the size of the opening can be controlled, the size of the receiving directivity angle can be controlled, the formed beam directivity is not influenced by the receiving frequency, and no side lobe beam exists. The length and size of the acoustic channel are related to the frequency band of the signal to be received.
In fig. 1, the resonant cavities 5 are shown to correspond to a high frequency band, a medium frequency band and a low frequency band respectively, and the frequency bands and the arrangement sequence corresponding to the resonant cavities can be increased or decreased according to actual requirements when the design is performed.
The cable interface 6 is used for connecting an external acoustic signal receiving and processing device.
The hydrophone 8 can be increased or decreased according to the requirement, the hydrophone 8 in each resonant cavity 5 corresponds to each frequency band, and the hydrophone 8 can be of different types, such as a piezoelectric ceramic hydrophone, an optical fiber hydrophone and a piezoelectric crystal hydrophone. The hydrophone is not limited in shape and can be spherical, cylindrical, annular or planar, so that the hydrophone is convenient to install.
The foregoing disclosure is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that changes and modifications are possible within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An apparatus for a wide-band ultra-high directivity hydrophone, comprising: outer noise elimination layer (1), sound isolation layer (2), interior noise elimination layer (3), cable interface (6), support (7) and hydrophone (8), support (7) are shaft-like thing, its characterized in that: at least one hydrophone (8) is fixed on one side of a support (7), each hydrophone (8) is mutually separated, a cable interface (6) is fixed on the other side of the support (7), each hydrophone (8) is connected with the cable interface (6) through a cable respectively, the hydrophone (8) is covered on the outer side of the hydrophone (8) by an inner silencing layer (3), the hydrophone (8) is separated into a cavity by the inner silencing layer (3), the cavity extends to the outer side of the support (7) along the support (7), the cavity covering the hydrophone (8) is a resonant cavity (5), the rest part of the cavity is an acoustic channel (4), the acoustic channel (4) is outwards opened, an acoustic isolation layer (2) is wrapped on the outer side of the silencing layer (3), and a part of the cable interface (6) is wrapped by the outer silencing layer (1).
2. The wide-band ultra-high directivity hydrophone apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein: the inner silencing layer (3) is a hollow curved column which takes the support (7) as a central line, takes the curve on the outer side of the support (7) as a bus and covers the hydrophone (8).
3. The wide-band ultra-high directivity hydrophone apparatus as recited in claim 2, wherein: the number of the hydrophones (8) is 1-5.
4. The wide-band ultra-high directivity hydrophone device as recited in claim 3, wherein: the opening of the acoustic channel (4) is a horn mouth.
5. The wide-band ultra-high directivity hydrophone device as recited in claim 4, wherein: the outer silencing layer (1) is made of silencing materials; the sound isolation layer (2) is made of sound insulation materials; the inner silencing layer (3) at the outer side of the resonant cavity (5) is made of a reflective acoustic material; the inner noise damping layer (3) outside the acoustic channel (4) is made of noise damping material.
6. The wide-band ultra-high directivity hydrophone device as recited in claim 5, wherein: the hydrophone (8) is a piezoelectric ceramic hydrophone, an optical fiber hydrophone or a piezoelectric crystal hydrophone.
7. The apparatus of the wide-band ultra-high directivity hydrophone of claim 6, wherein: the hydrophone (8) is in a spherical shape, a cylindrical shape, a circular ring shape or a plane shape.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311441410.5A CN117490831A (en) | 2023-11-01 | 2023-11-01 | Device of wide-frequency-band ultrahigh-directivity hydrophone |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311441410.5A CN117490831A (en) | 2023-11-01 | 2023-11-01 | Device of wide-frequency-band ultrahigh-directivity hydrophone |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117490831A true CN117490831A (en) | 2024-02-02 |
Family
ID=89673721
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311441410.5A Pending CN117490831A (en) | 2023-11-01 | 2023-11-01 | Device of wide-frequency-band ultrahigh-directivity hydrophone |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117490831A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-11-01 CN CN202311441410.5A patent/CN117490831A/en active Pending
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