CN117483463A - Titanium alloy thin wall annular cover body hot forming device - Google Patents
Titanium alloy thin wall annular cover body hot forming device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117483463A CN117483463A CN202311562975.9A CN202311562975A CN117483463A CN 117483463 A CN117483463 A CN 117483463A CN 202311562975 A CN202311562975 A CN 202311562975A CN 117483463 A CN117483463 A CN 117483463A
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- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000276425 Xiphophorus maculatus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 45
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 24
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007723 die pressing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/14—Making other products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/003—Cooling or heating of work
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a hot forming device for a titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body, belongs to the technical field of hot forming processing, and solves the technical problems of low production efficiency, high production cost and low qualification rate of the thin-wall annular cover body. A hot forming device of a titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body comprises a female die, a male die and a material supporting plate; the center part of the female die matrix is a concave surface of the formed annular cover body, and a positioning pit is arranged in the center of the concave surface; the center of the male die base body is provided with a convex round table, the top of the round table is provided with a convex surface for forming an annular cover body, the center of the convex surface is provided with a positioning rod, and a plurality of ejector rod through holes are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction on the base body which is tightly attached to the edge of the bottom of the round table; the concave surface and the convex surface are matched to form a cavity of the annular cover body; the center of the material supporting plate base body is provided with a forming hole penetrating through the material supporting plate base body, and the inner diameter of the forming hole is matched with the outer diameter of the bottom of the round table of the male die. The device of the invention improves the forming qualification rate of the annular cover body by 30 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermoforming processing, and particularly relates to a thermoforming device for a titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body.
Background
Currently, aerospace product parts are developing towards higher efficiency, lower cost and larger batch, and titanium alloy is widely applied due to the characteristics of light weight, high heat strength, good corrosion resistance and the like, which are superior to other materials.
The existing manufacturing process methods of the titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body mainly comprise two methods: firstly, the cover body type surface forming is realized by adopting a thick-wall plate material machining mode, and the process method has long machining period, extremely low production efficiency and low material utilization rate, so that the production cost is very expensive, and the quantitative production cannot be met. Secondly, a method of processing the thin plate by adopting a hot spinning die is adopted, the processing cost of the hot spinning die is high, the elastic modulus of the high-strength titanium alloy is small, the material has larger rebound after being formed, the size is inconsistent after being formed, the production qualification rate of the annular cover body part is low, in order to meet the size requirement, repeated operation is required, the processing time is long, the labor intensity is high, and the production efficiency is low. Therefore, how to improve the production efficiency, reduce the processing cost and meet the production quality requirement of the thin-wall annular cover body becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body hot forming device which is used for solving at least one of the technical problems of low production efficiency, high production cost and low qualification rate of the existing thin-wall annular cover body.
The aim of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body thermoforming device which comprises a female die 1, a male die 2 and a material supporting plate 3;
the female die 1 comprises a female die matrix, the central part of the female die matrix is an annular concave surface 11 of a forming cover body, and a positioning pit 16 is arranged at the center of the annular concave surface 11;
the male die 2 comprises a male die matrix, a raised round table 20 is arranged at the central part of the male die matrix, the top of the round table 20 is an annular convex surface 21 of a forming cover body, a positioning rod 28 is arranged at the center of the annular convex surface 21, and a plurality of ejector rod through holes 26 are uniformly arranged on the matrix which is tightly attached to the bottom edge of the round table 20 in the circumferential direction;
the concave surface 11 of the female die 1 is matched with the convex surface 21 of the male die 2 to form a cavity of the annular cover body, and the positioning pit 16 of the female die 1 is matched with the positioning rod 28 of the male die 2 to realize die assembly positioning;
the material supporting plate 3 comprises a material supporting plate base body, a forming hole 30 penetrating through the material supporting plate base body is arranged in the center of the material supporting plate base body, and the inner diameter of the forming hole 30 is matched with the outer diameter of the bottom of the round table 20 of the male die 2.
Further, the matrix of the female die is a platy body with square upper and lower end surfaces; the male die base body is a platy body with square upper and lower end surfaces; the material supporting plate base body is a plate-shaped body with square upper and lower end surfaces; the square side lengths of the female die matrix, the male die matrix and the material supporting plate matrix are equal.
Furthermore, four corners of the opposite end surfaces of the female die matrix and the male die matrix are provided with mutually matched positioning structures; positioning notches 32 opposite to the positioning structure are respectively arranged at four corners of the material supporting plate base body;
when the male die 2 and the female die 1 are assembled, the relative positions of the male die 2, the material supporting plate 3 and the female die 1 are limited by the positioning structure and the positioning notch 32.
Further, a hanging lug hole 13 and a temperature measuring hole 14 are arranged on the side surface of the female die matrix; a hanging lug hole 23 and a temperature measuring hole 24 are arranged on the side surface of the male die matrix; a hanging lug hole 33 is arranged on the side surface of the material supporting plate base body.
Further, a pressing plate groove 15 is also arranged on the side surface of the female die matrix; a platen groove 25 is also provided in the side of the punch base.
Further, on the matrix of the female die, there is a transition boss 17 between the female die surface 11 and the locating pit 16; on the punch base, a transition recess 27 is provided between the punch face 21 and the positioning bar 28.
Further, the materials of the female die 1, the male die 2 and the material supporting plate 3 are stainless steel 316L.
Further, the height of the truncated cone 20 is larger than the sum of the height of the convex surface 21 and the thickness of the material supporting plate 3.
Further, the material supporting plate 3 can be sleeved on the round table 20 of the male die 2 through the forming hole 30 and floats above the male die matrix under the supporting action of the ejector rod passing through the ejector rod through hole 26;
the upper surface of the material supporting plate 3 and the lower surface of the female die 1 can interact to compress the flat blank and move downwards to be matched with the male die 2.
The invention also provides a hot forming method of the titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body, and the device is adopted.
Further, the hot forming method of the titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body comprises the following steps:
step S1: calculating the overall dimension of the titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body to be formed after being unfolded into a flat plate according to the dimension of the titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body to be formed, determining the final dimension of the flat plate on the basis of reserving cutting allowance, and processing a flat plate blank according to the final dimension of the flat plate;
step S2: designing the sizes of a female die 1, a male die 2 and auxiliary tools used for thermoforming according to the final sizes of a titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body and a flat plate to be formed, and processing; the auxiliary tool is used for fixing the edge of the flat blank by matching with the female die 1;
step S3: the female die 1, the male die 2 and the auxiliary tool are assembled and fixed on a platform of a thermoforming press, and a preheating temperature-raising program of the thermoforming press is started;
step S4: when the temperature of the female die 1, the male die 2 and the auxiliary tool is stabilized to the required temperature, placing the flat blank with the lubricant coated on the surface on the upper surface of the auxiliary tool floating between the female die 1 and the male die 2, and positioning and combining the flat blank and the male die 2;
step S5: after the flat plate blank is preheated, the female die 1 and the male die 2 are matched and formed;
step S6: after die assembly, maintaining pressure and solidifying, and then demoulding and taking out a formed blank;
step S7: cutting into blanks to obtain the final product.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can at least realize one of the following technical effects:
(1) The invention provides a device for preparing a thin-wall rotator by hot spinning, which is different from the device for preparing the thin-wall rotator by conventional hot spinning.
(2) The mold disclosed by the invention is ingenious and reasonable in design, provides a good example for forming parts of the same type, and exploits the thought.
(3) The device of the invention obviously improves the precision of the titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body and improves the part forming qualification rate by 30 percent.
(4) The die disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simplifying operation, reducing labor intensity, improving production efficiency, reducing production cost, improving the material utilization rate by 50% compared with the existing processing method, reducing manufacturing cost by 50%, and improving processing efficiency by 30%.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, like numbers referring to like parts throughout the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a titanium alloy thin-walled annular housing of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a female die of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the female die of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a male die of the present invention;
figure 5 is a top view of the male die of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a tray according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of a tray of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view of a flat plate blank;
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of the carrier plate falling onto the punch base;
FIG. 10 is a schematic front view of the ejector pins lifting the carrier plate from below the punch;
FIG. 11 is a front view of the female die, male die and carrier of the present invention in a closed position;
FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of the mold after removal after thermoforming;
FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a shaped blank;
in the figure, a female die is 1; 11-concave surface; 12-positioning grooves; 13-hanging ear holes; 14-measuring temperature holes; 15-a platen groove; 16-positioning pits; 17-transition boss; 2-male die; 20-round bench; 21-a convex profile; 22-positioning columns; 23-hanging ear holes; 24-measuring temperature holes; 25-a platen groove; 26-ejector rod through holes; 27-a transition concave stage; 28-positioning bars; 3-a material supporting plate; 30-forming a hole; 32-positioning a notch; 33-hanging ear holes; 4-ejector rods; 5-plate blank; 50-positioning holes; 51-cutting allowance; 6-forming a blank; 60-positioning holes; 61-cutting allowance.
Detailed Description
A titanium alloy thin-walled annular shield thermoforming apparatus is described in further detail below in connection with specific examples, which are for purposes of comparison and explanation only, and the present invention is not limited to these examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body of the invention, which is approximately in the shape of a hollow thin-wall round table without upper and lower bottom surfaces and gradually reduced in taper, and has a certain inclination at the outer edge, and is prepared by adopting a titanium alloy flat plate blank through thermoforming and die pressing.
The invention provides a titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body thermoforming device which comprises a female die 1, a male die 2 and a material supporting plate 3;
the female die 1 comprises a female die matrix, wherein the central part of the female die matrix is an annular concave surface 11 of a forming cover body, and a positioning pit 16 is arranged in the center of the annular concave surface 11;
the male die 2 comprises a male die matrix, a raised round table 20 is arranged at the central part of the male die matrix, the top of the round table 20 is an annular convex surface 21 of a forming cover body, a positioning rod 28 is arranged at the center of the annular convex surface 21, and a plurality of ejector rod through holes 26 are uniformly arranged on the matrix which is tightly attached to the bottom edge of the round table 20 in the circumferential direction;
the concave surface 11 of the female die 1 is matched with the convex surface 21 of the male die 2 to form a cavity of the annular cover body, and the positioning pit 16 of the female die 1 is matched with the positioning rod 28 of the male die 2 to realize die assembly positioning;
the material supporting plate 3 comprises a material supporting plate base body, a forming hole 30 penetrating through the material supporting plate base body is arranged in the center of the material supporting plate base body, and the inner diameter of the forming hole 30 is matched with the outer diameter of the bottom of the round table 20 of the male die 2.
The invention provides a device for preparing a thin-wall rotator by hot spinning, which is different from the conventional device for preparing the thin-wall rotator by hot extrusion of a titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body by using a flat plate material through a die.
Specifically, the female die base body is a plate-shaped body with square upper and lower end faces, the central part of the lower end face is an annular concave surface 11 of the forming cover body, and four corners of the lower end face are provided with positioning structures, such as four identical positioning grooves 12; a lug hole 13 and a temperature measuring hole 14 are arranged on the side surface of the matrix of the female die, for example, 2 lug holes 13 and 1 temperature measuring hole 14 are respectively arranged on two opposite side surfaces, the lug hole 13 is used for hoisting when the female die 1 is moved, and the temperature measuring hole 14 is used for inserting a thermocouple to measure the temperature of the female die 1 during thermoforming; the side of the matrix of the die is also provided with a platen groove 15, such as platen grooves 15 on the other two opposite sides, where the lug holes 13 and the temperature measuring holes 14 are not provided, respectively, the platen grooves 15 being used to fix the die 1 to a determined position of the upper platen of the thermoforming press.
It is to be noted that, because the titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body is a hollow thin-wall round table without upper and lower bottom surfaces, a round hole is also processed in the center of the titanium alloy flat plate blank before thermoforming, and the round hole also has a positioning function in the assembly process of the flat plate blank and the die, so the center round hole of the titanium alloy flat plate blank is called a positioning hole. The titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body needs to be cut after the blank is formed, and the diameter of the positioning hole of the titanium alloy flat plate blank is smaller than that of a finished product due to the consideration of the cutting allowance, so that a positioning pit 16 is correspondingly arranged in the center of the annular concave surface 11 of the female die 1, and the positioning pit 16 is a circular pit, and the diameter of the positioning pit is equal to that of the positioning hole. A transition boss 17 is arranged between the positioning pit 16 and the concave surface 11, and the contact part of the flat blank and the transition boss 17 during thermoforming is the cutting allowance near the positioning hole of the flat blank. Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the female die of the present invention, and fig. 3 is a bottom view of the female die of the present invention.
Specifically, the male die base body is a plate-shaped body with square upper and lower end faces, the square side length is equal to the square side length of the female die base body, the center of the upper end face is a round table 20, the round table 20 is tightly attached, four ejector rod through holes 26 penetrating through the square plane are uniformly distributed around the round table 20, and the top of the round table 20 is an annular convex surface 21 of the forming cover body. The four corners of the opposite end surfaces of the male die matrix and the female die matrix are provided with mutually matched positioning structures, namely the four corners of the upper end surface of the male die matrix are provided with positioning structures, for example, four identical positioning columns 22 are respectively arranged at the four corners, and the shape of each positioning column 22 is a quadrangular frustum of a pyramid; when the male die 2 and the female die 1 are matched, the relative positions of the male die 2 and the female die 1 are defined through the matching of the positioning structures, and the male die surface 21 and the female die surface 11 are matched to form the thin-wall annular cover body in a hot forming mode. A lug hole 23 and a temperature measuring hole 24 are arranged on the side surface of the male die matrix, for example, 2 lug holes 23 and 1 temperature measuring hole 24 are respectively arranged on two opposite side surfaces, and the temperature measuring hole 24 is used for inserting a thermocouple to measure the temperature of the male die 2 during thermoforming; a platen groove 25 is also provided on the side of the male die base, such as a platen groove 25 is provided on each of the other two opposite sides where the lug hole 23 and the temperature measurement hole 24 are not provided, the platen groove 25 being used to fix the male die 2 to the lower platen of the thermoforming press and to a position corresponding to the female die 1 of the upper platen.
It should be noted that, since the center of the concave surface 11 of the female die 1 is provided with a positioning pit 16, a positioning rod 28 is correspondingly provided at the center of the convex surface 21 of the male die 2, the diameter and the height of the positioning rod 28 are matched with those of the positioning pit 16, and the positioning pit 16, the positioning rod 28 and the positioning hole of the flat blank are combined for positioning the die and the position of the flat blank in the die. A transition concave table 27 is arranged between the positioning rod 28 and the convex surface 21, and the contact part of the flat blank and the transition concave table 27 during thermoforming is the cutting allowance near the positioning hole of the flat blank. Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the male die of the present invention, and fig. 5 is a plan view of the male die of the present invention.
Specifically, the material supporting plate base body is a plate-shaped body with square upper and lower end faces, the square side length is equal to the square side length of the female die base body, the square side length of the male die base body is equal, and a circular through hole penetrating through the end faces is formed in the center of the end faces, namely a forming hole 30. Four corners of the material supporting plate base body are respectively provided with positioning notches 32 which are opposite to the positioning structures of the male die base body and the female die base body, for example, four positioning notches 32 which are completely identical are arranged at the four corners, and when the male die 2 and the female die 1 are matched, the positioning notches 32 are matched with the positioning structures to limit the relative positions of the male die 2, the material supporting plate 3 and the female die 1. The side surface of the material supporting plate base body is provided with the hanging lug holes 33, for example, two opposite side surfaces are respectively provided with 2 hanging lug holes 33, and the hanging lug holes 33 are used for hanging when the material supporting plate 3 is moved.
Specifically, the material supporting plate 3 can be sleeved on the round table 20 of the male die 2 through the forming hole 30 and floats above the male die matrix under the supporting action of the ejector rod passing through the ejector rod through hole 26; the upper surface of the material supporting plate 3 and the lower surface of the female die 1 can interact to compress the cover blank and move downwards to be matched with the male die 2.
It should be noted that, the edge of the convex surface 21 of the circular table 20 of the male die 2 has a certain taper, for example, the taper is 1:20, the taper of the side surface of the round table 20 is consistent, namely the taper of the inner profile of the forming hole 30 is consistent with the taper of the round table 20, and the forming hole 30 is an inclined through hole, so that the demoulding of the formed material supporting plate 3 from the male die 2 is facilitated. In addition, the thickness of the pallet 3 is set to 80-100 mm in view of the requirements of the thermoforming temperature and pressure on the die strength, and the height of the round table 20 is greater than the sum of the height of the convex surface 21 and the thickness of the pallet 3.
The titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body needs to be cut after the blank is formed, and the outer diameter of the titanium alloy flat plate blank is larger than the diameter of the cover body after the cover body is unfolded to be a flat plate wafer due to the fact that cutting allowance is reserved, and when the material supporting plate 3 falls on the base body of the male die 2 after die assembly is conducted in hot forming, the part of the flat plate blank pressed by the upper surfaces of the female die 1 and the material supporting plate 3 is a part of the cutting allowance of the outer edge of the flat plate blank. In addition, the square plane side length of the male die matrix is 180-300 mm longer than the diameter of the bottom surface of the round table 20 due to the consideration of the thermoforming molding process.
Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a tray according to the present invention, and fig. 7 is a top view of the tray according to the present invention.
Specifically, from the standpoint of the pressure and temperature of thermoforming, the materials of the female die 1, the male die 2 and the retainer plate 3 are selected from high-temperature resistant steel materials such as stainless steel 316L.
During thermoforming, the material supporting plate 3 is matched with the female die 1 and the male die 2, and firstly, the female die 1, the male die 2, the material supporting plate 3 and the titanium alloy flat plate blank are positioned and heated; then, the lower surface of the female die 1 floating above the male die 2 and the upper surface of the material supporting plate 3 jointly act to compress the flat blank; then, the female die 1 and the material supporting plate 3 clamp the flat blank to jointly descend and draw close to the male die 2; finally, the material supporting plate 3 is dropped on the matrix of the male die 2 to finish die assembly, and a formed blank is manufactured; and cutting the formed blank to obtain a finished product.
The invention also provides a hot forming method of the titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: calculating the overall dimension of the titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body to be formed after being unfolded into a flat plate according to the dimension of the titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body to be formed, determining the final dimension of the flat plate on the basis of reserving cutting allowance, and processing a flat plate blank according to the final dimension of the flat plate;
step S2: designing the sizes of a female die 1, a male die 2 and auxiliary tools used for thermoforming according to the final sizes of a titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body and a flat plate to be formed, and processing; the auxiliary tool is used for fixing the edge of the flat blank by matching with the female die 1;
step S3: the female die 1, the male die 2 and the auxiliary tool are assembled and fixed on a platform of a thermoforming press, and a preheating temperature-raising program of the thermoforming press is started;
step S4: when the temperature of the female die 1, the male die 2 and the auxiliary tool is stabilized to the required temperature, placing the flat blank with the lubricant coated on the surface on the upper surface of the auxiliary tool floating between the female die 1 and the male die 2, and positioning and combining the flat blank and the male die 2;
step S5: after the flat plate blank is preheated, the female die 1 and the male die 2 are matched and formed;
step S6: after die assembly, maintaining pressure and solidifying, and then demoulding and taking out a formed blank;
step S7: cutting into blanks to obtain the final product.
In step S1, the flat blank needs to be left with a cutting margin for the need for press forming and for shaping after press forming. Because the titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body is a rotating body, when the flat plate blank 5 is processed, the flat plate blank 5 is cut into an annular disc, the center of the flat plate blank 5 is provided with a positioning hole 50, the diameter of the positioning hole is smaller than that of the center hole of the annular cover body, and the positioning hole has the positioning function during thermoforming. The cutting allowance 51 of the outer edge of the flat blank 5 is reserved according to a single side of 20-30 mm, namely, the outer radius of the flat blank 5 is 20-30 mm larger than the outer radius of the unfolded annular cover body; the cutting allowance 51 near the positioning hole 50 of the flat blank 5 is determined according to the diameter of the positioning hole 50, namely, the cutting allowance near the positioning hole 50 of the flat blank 5 is the diameter of the central hole of the annular cover body finished product minus the diameter of the positioning hole 50. The flat blank 5 was polished to remove edge burrs, and the port was polished with a surface roughness of 6.3 μm. Fig. 8 is a top view of a flat plate blank.
In the step 2, the female die and the male die are female and male dies designed according to the shape of the titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body, the female die comprises an annular concave surface, the male die comprises an annular convex surface, after the female die and the male die are matched, the annular concave surface of the female die and the annular convex surface of the male die are matched to form a cavity of the annular cover body, and a flat plate blank clamped in the cavity is pressed into the cover body shape. Meanwhile, a positioning part matched with a positioning hole in the center of the flat blank is arranged in the center of the annular concave surface of the female die and the center of the annular convex surface of the male die, for example, a positioning pit 16 is arranged in the center of the concave surface 11 of the female die 1, so that a positioning rod 28 is correspondingly arranged in the center of the convex surface 21 of the male die 2, the diameter and the height of the positioning rod 28 are matched with the diameter and the depth of the positioning pit 16, and the positioning pit 16, the positioning rod 28 and the positioning hole of the flat blank are combined for positioning a die and the position of the flat blank in the die.
The cover body is prepared by adopting a flat plate, and the pressing of the flat plate into a curved surface is a stamping stroke process, so that the female die and the male die need to move in opposite directions to be matched. However, due to the characteristics of the material and the shape of the titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body, the flat plate blank can be subjected to hot forming and die pressing under a certain tension to meet the forming quality requirement, so that the auxiliary tool is designed to assemble the die to fix the edge of the flat plate blank, the flat plate blank is given a traction effect, and simultaneously moves opposite to the male die to be matched with the die for forming.
In the invention, the edge of the flat blank is fixed in a plane-to-clamp mode, so that an auxiliary tool is designed into a flat plate with a hole in the center, the diameter of the center hole of the flat plate is larger than the outer diameters of the annular concave surface in the female die 1 and the annular convex surface in the female die 2, and the plane part outside the center hole of the flat plate and the plane part outside the annular concave surface of the female die jointly act to press the edge of the flat blank.
The auxiliary tool is a flat plate with a hole in the center, and is called a material supporting plate in a matching mode with the auxiliary tool. In order to provide a pressing force for the edge of the flat blank and a supporting force for an auxiliary tool relative to the female die, the auxiliary tool further comprises an auxiliary tool supporting mechanism. The auxiliary tool supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of ejector rod through holes 26, such as four ejector rod through holes 26, which are arranged on the male die matrix and are tightly attached to the bottom edge of the round table 20 in a circumferential and uniform manner, wherein the ejector rod through holes are used for extending ejector rods from the lower part of the male die matrix, supporting the material supporting plate 3 to float above the male die matrix, and the material supporting plate 3 above the male die matrix and the female die 1 jointly form pressure on the edge of a flat blank.
In step S3, the die base, the punch base and the carrier base are designed as square plate-shaped bodies with upper and lower end surfaces in order to be matched with the round flat plate blank and the annular cover and simultaneously be convenient to fix with the platform of the thermoforming press.
Specifically, step S3 includes the following sub-steps:
s3.1, horizontally installing and fixing the female die 1 on an upper platform of a thermoforming press;
s3.2, horizontally installing and fixing the male die 2 on a lower platform of a thermoforming press;
s3.3, assembling the auxiliary tool and the male die 2 together;
s3.4, descending the empty test operation mold closing of the female mold 1;
and S3.5, starting a preheating temperature-raising program of the thermoforming press.
In step S3.3, fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of the carrier falling onto the punch base.
Specifically, step S4 includes the following sub-steps:
s4.1, when the temperature of the die is stabilized to a required temperature, raising the female die 1 to divide the die;
s4.2, supporting an auxiliary tool by an auxiliary tool supporting mechanism, wherein the auxiliary tool floats between the male die 2 and the female die 1, and the upper surface of the auxiliary tool is lower than the top surface of a positioning part in the center of the annular convex surface 21 on the male die 2;
and S4.3, flatly placing the flat blank with the lubricant coated on the surface on an auxiliary tool, and simultaneously combining a locating hole in the center of the flat blank with a locating part in the center of the annular convex surface 21 on the male die 2.
Specifically, in step S4.1, the mold temperature is stabilized to 700 ℃ to 800 ℃, preferably 750 ℃. In step S4.2, the ejector pins of the lower platen of the thermoforming press penetrate the ejector pin through holes 26 of the male mold 2 from below, and horizontally jack up the pallet 3 so that the upper surface of the pallet 3 is 10 to 20mm from the top surface of the positioning bar 28. Fig. 10 is a schematic front view of the ejector pins ejecting the tray from under the punch.
Specifically, in step S4.3, graphite lubricant is uniformly coated on the surface of the flat blank 5, the flat blank 5 is laid flat on the pallet 3, and the positioning holes 50 of the flat blank 5 are sleeved on the positioning rods 28.
Specifically, step S5 includes the following sub-steps:
s5.1, after the flat plate blank 5 is preheated, the female die 1 descends under the action of an upper platform and interacts with the upper surface of an auxiliary tool supported by an auxiliary tool supporting mechanism to compress the flat plate blank;
step S5.2, the female die 1 and an auxiliary tool supported by the auxiliary tool supporting mechanism slowly descend together under the action of the upper platform, and meanwhile, the male die 2 is matched with the female die 1 to finish die assembly forming.
Specifically, in step S5.1, after the flat blank is preheated for 5 minutes, the die 1 descends under the action of the upper platform, and interacts with the upper surface of the material supporting plate 3 supported by the ejector rod to compress the flat blank.
Specifically, in step S5.2, the female die 1 and the lifter plate 3 supported by the ejector rod slowly descend under the action of the upper platform, the acting force of the upper platform on which the female die 1 is located is 350KN, and the acting force of the ejector rod is 100KN. Fig. 11 is a front view of the die, punch and carrier of the present invention in a closed position.
In step S6, the pressure is maintained for 15 minutes to fix the molded blank in step S6, and the molded blank is removed by demolding. Fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view of the shaped blank after the die is removed after the hot forming, fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view of the shaped blank, in which the positioning hole 60 and the cutting allowance 61 of the shaped blank 6 are both formed by converting the positioning hole 50 and the cutting allowance 51 of the flat blank 5 in the hot forming and molding process.
The mold disclosed by the invention is ingenious and reasonable in design, provides a good example for forming parts of the same type, and exploits the thought. The device of the invention obviously improves the precision of the titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body and improves the part forming qualification rate by 30 percent. The die disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simplifying operation, reducing labor intensity, improving production efficiency, reducing production cost, improving the material utilization rate by 50% compared with the existing processing method, reducing manufacturing cost by 50%, and improving processing efficiency by 30%.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body hot forming device which comprises a female die 1, a male die 2 and a material supporting plate 3; the female die 1 comprises a female die matrix, wherein the central part of the female die matrix is an annular concave surface 11 of a forming cover body, and a positioning pit 16 is arranged in the center of the annular concave surface 11; the female die base body is a platy body with square upper and lower end faces, the central part of the lower end face is an annular concave surface 11 of the forming cover body, and four identical positioning grooves 12 are arranged at four corners of the lower end face; 2 lifting lug holes 13 and 1 temperature measuring hole 14 are respectively arranged on two opposite side surfaces of the die matrix, the lifting lug holes 13 are used for lifting when the die 1 is moved, and the temperature measuring holes 14 are used for inserting thermocouples to measure the temperature of the die 1 during thermoforming; the other two opposite sides of the matrix of the female die, which are not provided with the lug holes 13 and the temperature measuring holes 14, are respectively provided with a pressing plate groove 15, and the pressing plate grooves 15 are used for fixing the female die 1 to a determined position of an upper platform of a thermoforming press. A transition boss 17 is arranged between the positioning pit 16 and the concave surface 11, and the contact part of the flat blank and the transition boss 17 during thermoforming is the cutting allowance near the positioning hole of the flat blank. Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the female die of the present invention, and fig. 3 is a bottom view of the female die of the present invention.
The male die base body is a platy body with square upper and lower end faces, the square side length is equal to the square side length of the female die base body, the center part of the upper end face is a round table 20, the round table 20 is tightly attached, four ejector rod through holes 26 penetrating through the square plane are uniformly distributed around the round table 20, and the top of the round table 20 is an annular convex surface 21 of the forming cover body. Four identical positioning columns 22 are arranged at four corners of the upper end surface of the male die matrix, and the positioning columns 22 are in the shape of quadrangular tables; when the male die 2 and the female die 1 are matched, the relative positions of the male die 2 and the female die 1 are defined through the matching of the positioning structures, and the male die surface 21 and the female die surface 11 are matched to form the thin-wall annular cover body in a hot forming mode. Two opposite side surfaces of the male die matrix are respectively provided with 2 hanging lug holes 23 and 1 temperature measuring hole 24, and the temperature measuring holes 24 are used for inserting thermocouples to measure the temperature of the male die 2 during thermoforming; on the other two opposite sides of the male die base body, on which the lug holes 23 and the temperature measuring holes 24 are not provided, there are provided platen grooves 25, respectively, the platen grooves 25 being used for fixing the male die 2 to the lower platen of the thermoforming press and to a position corresponding to the female die 1 of the upper platen. A transition concave table 27 is arranged between the positioning rod 28 and the convex surface 21, and the contact part of the flat blank and the transition concave table 27 during thermoforming is the cutting allowance near the positioning hole of the flat blank. Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the male die of the present invention, and fig. 5 is a plan view of the male die of the present invention.
The diameter and height of the locating bar 28 are matched to the diameter and depth of the locating pit 16. The locating pit 16, locating bar 28, and locating holes of the flat blank are used in combination to locate the mold and the position of the flat blank in the mold.
The material supporting plate base body is a plate-shaped body with square upper and lower end faces, the side length of the square is equal to that of the square of the female die base body, and the side length of the square of the male die base body is equal, and a circular through hole penetrating through the end faces is formed in the center of the end faces, namely a forming hole 30. Four identical locating notches 32 are respectively arranged at four corners of the material supporting plate base body, and when the male die 2 and the female die 1 are matched, the relative positions of the male die 2, the material supporting plate 3 and the female die 1 are limited by matching the locating structures with the locating notches 32. Two opposite side surfaces of the material supporting plate base body are respectively provided with 2 lifting lug holes 33, and the lifting lug holes 33 are used for lifting when the material supporting plate 3 is moved.
The edge of the convex surface 21 of the round table 20 of the male die 2 has a certain taper, and the taper is 1:20, the taper of the side surface of the round table 20 is consistent, namely the taper of the inner molded surface of the forming hole 30 is consistent with the taper of the round table 20, and the forming hole 30 is an inclined through hole, so that the demoulding of the formed material supporting plate 3 from the male die 2 is facilitated. In addition, the thickness of the pallet 3 is 80mm, and the height of the round table 20 is larger than the sum of the height of the convex surface 21 and the thickness of the pallet 3, because of the requirements of the thermoforming temperature and pressure on the die strength.
Specifically, the material supporting plate 3 can be sleeved on the round table 20 of the male die 2 through the forming hole 30 and floats above the male die matrix under the supporting action of the ejector rod passing through the ejector rod through hole 26; the upper surface of the material supporting plate 3 and the lower surface of the female die 1 can interact to compress the cover blank and move downwards to be matched with the male die 2.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a thermoforming method of a titanium alloy TC4 thin-wall annular cover body, and the thermoforming device of the embodiment 1 is adopted.
The outer circle diameter of the titanium alloy TC4 thin-wall annular cover body is 400mm, the inner circle diameter is 240mm, the overall height is 75mm, and the wall thickness is 0.8mm; the cover body is unfolded, and the cutting allowance of 20mm is reserved on the single edge of the outer edge after forming, the diameter of the outer circle of the flat plate blank 5 is 560mm, the diameter of the positioning hole 50 is 101mm, and the thickness is 0.8mm.
The ring-shaped cover body thermoforming device is designed, the external dimension of the matrix of the female die 1 is 600mm multiplied by 130mm, the diameter of the positioning pit 16 is 102mm, and the depth is 40mm;
the outline dimension of the male die 2 is 600mm multiplied by 281mm, wherein the height of the base body is 92mm, the diameters of four ejector rod through holes 26 on the base body are 50mm, the height of the truncated cone 20 is 189mm, the diameter of the bottom surface is 408mm, and the taper is 1:20; the positioning rod 28 on the round table 20 is 100mm in height and 100mm in diameter, and the part of the positioning rod protruding out of the top surface of the round table is 28mm;
the dimensions of the base body of the material supporting plate 3 are 600mm multiplied by 80mm, the diameter of the lower circle of the forming hole 30 is 410mm, and the diameter of the upper circle is 406mm.
The female die 1, the male die 2 and the material supporting plate 3 are made of stainless steel 316L.
The thermoforming method comprises the following steps:
step S1: calculating the overall dimension of the titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body to be formed after being unfolded into a flat plate according to the dimension of the titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body to be formed, reserving a 20mm cutting allowance according to the single edge of the outer edge of the formed flat plate, determining the final dimension of the flat plate, and processing a flat plate blank 5 according to the final dimension of the flat plate;
the diameter of the outer circle of the titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body is 400mm, the diameter of the inner circle is 240mm, the overall height is 75mm, and the wall thickness is 0.8mm; the cover body is unfolded, and the cutting allowance of 20mm is reserved on the single edge of the outer edge after forming, the diameter of the outer circle of the flat plate blank 5 is 560mm, the diameter of the positioning hole 50 is 101mm, the thickness is 0.8mm, the flat plate blank 5 is polished to remove edge burrs, a polishing port is formed, and the surface roughness is 6.3 mu m.
Step S2: designing the sizes of the female die 1, the male die 2 and the material supporting plate 3 according to the final sizes of the titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body and the flat plate to be formed, and processing;
the external dimension of the matrix of the female die 1 is 600mm multiplied by 130mm, the diameter of the positioning pit 16 is 102mm, and the depth is 40mm;
the outline dimension of the male die 2 is 600mm multiplied by 281mm, wherein the height of the base body is 92mm, the diameter of the ejector rod through hole 26 on the base body is 50mm, the height of the truncated cone 20 is 189mm, the diameter of the bottom surface is 408mm, and the taper is 1:20; the positioning rod 28 on the round table 20 is 100mm in height and 100mm in diameter, and the part of the positioning rod protruding out of the top surface of the round table is 28mm;
the dimensions of the base body of the material supporting plate 3 are 600mm multiplied by 80mm, the diameter of the lower circle of the forming hole 30 is 410mm, and the diameter of the upper circle is 406mm.
The female die 1, the male die 2 and the material supporting plate 3 are made of stainless steel 316L.
Step S3: the method comprises the steps of horizontally installing and fixing a female die 1 on an upper platform of a thermoforming press, horizontally installing and fixing a male die 2 on a lower platform of the thermoforming press, sleeving a material supporting plate 3 on a round table 20 of the male die 2, falling on a matrix of the male die 3, descending the female die 1 to perform idle test operation die assembly, and then starting a preheating and heating program of the thermoforming press;
step S4: when the temperature of the die is stabilized to 750 ℃, the die 1 is lifted to split, four ejector rods of a lower platform of a thermoforming press penetrate into ejector rod through holes 26 of a male die 2 from below, the material supporting plate 3 is horizontally lifted up to enable the upper surface of the material supporting plate 3 to be 10mm away from the top surface of a positioning rod 28, a flat plate blank 5 with the surface uniformly coated with graphite is horizontally placed on the material supporting plate 3, and positioning holes 50 of the flat plate blank 5 are sleeved on the positioning rod 28;
step S5: after the flat blank 5 is preheated for 5 minutes, the female die 1 descends under the action of an upper platform and interacts with the supporting plate 3 supported by the ejector rod to compress the flat blank 5, then the female die 1 and the supporting plate 3 supported by the ejector rod slowly descend under the action of the upper platform, the acting force of the upper platform is 350KN, the force of the ejector rod is 100KN, and meanwhile the male die 2 is matched with the female die 1 to finish die assembly forming.
Step S6: after the die assembly, the pressure is maintained for 15 minutes for solidification, and then the die is removed to take out the formed blank 6.
Step S7: cutting the formed blank 6 to obtain a finished product.
The device of the invention improves the qualification rate of part forming by 30%, improves the material utilization rate by 50%, reduces the manufacturing cost by 50% and improves the processing efficiency by 30%.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The hot forming device of the titanium alloy thin-wall annular cover body is characterized by comprising a female die (1), a male die (2) and a material supporting plate (3);
the female die (1) comprises a female die matrix, the central part of the female die matrix is an annular concave surface (11) of a forming cover body, and a positioning pit (16) is arranged at the center of the annular concave surface (11);
the male die (2) comprises a male die substrate, a raised round table (20) is arranged at the central part of the male die substrate, the top of the round table (20) is an annular convex surface (21) of a forming cover body, a positioning rod (28) is arranged at the center of the annular convex surface (21), and a plurality of ejector rod through holes (26) are uniformly formed in the circumference of the substrate which is tightly attached to the bottom edge of the round table (20);
the concave surface (11) of the female die (1) is matched with the convex surface (21) of the male die (2) to form a cavity of an annular cover body, and the positioning pit (16) of the female die (1) is matched with the positioning rod (28) of the male die (2) to realize die assembly positioning;
the material supporting plate (3) comprises a material supporting plate base body, a forming hole (30) penetrating through the material supporting plate base body is formed in the center of the material supporting plate base body, and the inner diameter of the forming hole (30) is matched with the outer diameter of the bottom of the round table (20) of the male die (2).
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the die base body is a plate-shaped body with square upper and lower end surfaces; the male die base body is a platy body with square upper and lower end surfaces; the material supporting plate base body is a plate-shaped body with square upper and lower end surfaces; the square side lengths of the female die base body, the male die base body and the material supporting plate base body are equal.
3. The device according to claim 2, wherein the four corners of the opposite end surfaces of the female die base body and the male die base body are provided with mutually matched positioning structures; positioning notches (32) opposite to the positioning structure are respectively arranged at four corners of the material supporting plate base body;
when the male die (2) and the female die (1) are clamped, the relative positions of the male die (2), the material supporting plate (3) and the female die (1) are limited through the positioning structure and the positioning notch (32).
4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that a lug hole (13) and a temperature measuring hole (14) are provided in the side of the matrix of the female die;
a hanging lug hole (23) and a temperature measuring hole (24) are arranged on the side surface of the male die matrix;
and hanging lug holes (33) are formed in the side face of the material supporting plate base body.
5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that a platen groove (15) is also provided in the side of the matrix of the die; a pressing plate groove (25) is also arranged on the side surface of the male die base body.
6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that on the matrix of the female die, there is a transition boss (17) between the female face (11) and the positioning pit (16);
a transition concave table (27) is arranged between the convex surface (21) and the positioning rod (28) on the convex mold base body.
7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the female die (1), male die (2) and carrier plate (3) is chosen from stainless steel 316L.
8. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the height of the circular table (20) is greater than the sum of the height of the convex profile (21) and the thickness of the tray (3).
9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the material supporting plate (3) can be sleeved on the round table (20) of the male die (2) through the forming hole (30) and floats above the male die base body under the supporting action of the ejector rod passing through the ejector rod through hole (26);
the upper surface of the material supporting plate (3) and the lower surface of the female die (1) can interact to compress a flat blank, and the flat blank and the female die (2) can be matched with each other in a descending mode.
10. A method for hot forming a titanium alloy thin-walled annular cover, characterized in that the device according to any of claims 1-9 is used.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311562975.9A CN117483463A (en) | 2023-11-22 | 2023-11-22 | Titanium alloy thin wall annular cover body hot forming device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311562975.9A CN117483463A (en) | 2023-11-22 | 2023-11-22 | Titanium alloy thin wall annular cover body hot forming device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117483463A true CN117483463A (en) | 2024-02-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311562975.9A Pending CN117483463A (en) | 2023-11-22 | 2023-11-22 | Titanium alloy thin wall annular cover body hot forming device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117483463A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-11-22 CN CN202311562975.9A patent/CN117483463A/en active Pending
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