CN117477961A - Resonant multiport converter with cooperative modulation of multiple control amounts - Google Patents
Resonant multiport converter with cooperative modulation of multiple control amounts Download PDFInfo
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- CN117477961A CN117477961A CN202311336168.5A CN202311336168A CN117477961A CN 117477961 A CN117477961 A CN 117477961A CN 202311336168 A CN202311336168 A CN 202311336168A CN 117477961 A CN117477961 A CN 117477961A
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 38
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- 238000013473 artificial intelligence Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 6
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/3353—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
- H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0083—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration
- H02M1/009—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration having two or more independently controlled outputs
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a multi-control-quantity co-modulated resonant multi-port converter, which has the characteristics that: the port module is used for being connected with external equipment, receiving voltage and current input by the external equipment or outputting the voltage and the current to the external equipment; the resonance module is used for realizing energy transfer between two or more input/output ports; the non-resonant module is used for adjusting the resonant state; the sampling module is used for collecting current values and voltage values of N input/output ports in a working state; the operation module comprises a preset regulation algorithm, and control parameters are obtained through calculation according to the combination of the current value and the voltage value of the regulation algorithm; the control module generates a corresponding PWM driving signal according to the control parameter, controls the switching tube of the corresponding resonant conversion unit to be conducted or closed, and adjusts the current value and the voltage value of each input/output port. In summary, the method can improve the efficiency of a resonant multiport converter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a converter, in particular to a resonant type multiport converter with cooperative modulation of multiple control quantities.
Background
The new energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and the like are paid attention to because of the characteristics of large resource reserves, wide range, no pollution and the like, but the new energy sources are easy to be influenced by environmental factors such as illumination, temperature and the like, the power generation process is unstable, and the problems of unbalanced power supply and power generation are easy to occur. Therefore, a storage battery energy storage unit is added to construct a multi-port system so as to realize stable supply of electric energy and maximum power tracking Maximum Power Point Tracking of new energy power generation, namely MPPT.
The multiport dc converter Mutilport Converter, i.e., MPC, is used to manage energy of the new energy power generation system, the energy storage system and the load, and its performance and cost are important factors affecting the new energy power generation. On the basis of the development trend of high frequency, high efficiency, high power density, small volume and low noise of the current power electronic converter, proper circuit topology and control strategy are designed, the performance of the multi-port converter is optimized, and the multi-port power electronic converter has deeper research and application significance.
Since a power converter using a hard switching technique has high switching loss and large electromagnetic interference, and increases in switching frequency and efficiency are limited, a resonant converter represented by an LLC structure has been attracting attention because of its excellent soft switching characteristics.
However, in the conventional LLC converter, the output voltage is regulated by frequency modulation control, so that the range of the switching frequency of the converter is also wide in order to cope with the wide voltage variation range of new energy power generation, and when the switching frequency is greatly different from the resonant frequency, the effective value of the resonant current is increased, the conduction loss is increased, and the converter efficiency is reduced. Therefore, it is difficult for conventional LLC structures to achieve full voltage range efficiency improvements in multi-port converter systems.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a resonance type multi-port converter in which a plurality of control amounts are cooperatively modulated.
The invention provides a multi-control-quantity co-modulated resonant multi-port converter, which has the characteristics that: the port module comprises N input/output ports and is used for being connected with external equipment, receiving voltage and current input by the external equipment or outputting the voltage and current to the external equipment; the resonance module comprises X resonance transformation units and is used for realizing energy transfer between two or more input and output ports; the non-resonant module comprises M non-resonant conversion units and is used for adjusting the resonant state; the sampling module is used for collecting current values and voltage values of N input/output ports in a working state; the operation module comprises a preset regulation algorithm, and control parameters are obtained through calculation according to the combination of the current value and the voltage value of the regulation algorithm; the control module generates a corresponding PWM driving signal according to the control parameter, controls the switching tube of the corresponding resonant conversion unit to be conducted or closed, and adjusts the current value and the voltage value of each input/output port, wherein X is more than or equal to 2, N is more than or equal to 2, and M is more than or equal to 0.
The resonant type multiport converter with the cooperative modulation of the multiple control amounts provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: the regulation algorithm comprises a table look-up method, an interpolation calculation method, a disturbance observation method, a closed-loop control method and an artificial intelligence method.
The resonant type multiport converter with the cooperative modulation of the multiple control amounts provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: the number of the input and output ports is three, and the input and output ports comprise a photovoltaic connection port, a battery connection port and a load connection port, wherein the photovoltaic connection port is connected with a photovoltaic panel, the battery connection port is connected with a battery, and the load connection port is connected with an equivalent load resistor R L Are connected.
The resonant type multiport converter with the cooperative modulation of the multiple control amounts provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: the resonant module comprises a first resonant conversion unit and a second resonant conversion unit, wherein the first resonant conversion unit is an LLC main bridge arm and comprises an input filter capacitor C in Primary side power switching tube Q 1 Primary side power switching tube Q 2 Primary winding of isolation transformer T, resonant inductance L 1 And a resonance capacitor C 1 Input filter capacitor C in One end of the filter capacitor C is connected with the drain electrode of the primary power switch tube Q1 and the positive electrode of the photovoltaic panel respectively in The other end of the (B) is respectively connected with the primary side power switch tube Q 2 The source electrode of the primary side power switch tube Q is connected with the cathode of the photovoltaic panel 1 Source electrode of (C) is respectively connected with primary side power switch tube Q 2 Drain electrode of (d) and resonant inductance L 1 Is connected with one end of the resonant inductor L 1 The other end of the primary winding is connected with the homonymous end of the primary winding, and the heteronymous end of the primary winding is connected with the resonance capacitor C 1 One end of the resonant capacitor is connected with the primary side power switch tube Q 2 The second resonant conversion unit is a battery management half-bridge and comprises an auxiliary inductor L 2 Bidirectional Buck for battery managementLinear inductance L of Boost converter 3 Dc blocking capacitor C 2 Primary side power switching tube Q 3 And primary side power switching tube Q 4 Linear inductance L 3 Is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, and the linear inductance L 3 The other end of the (B) is respectively connected with the primary side power switch tube Q 3 Source, primary side power switch tube Q 4 Drain and blocking capacitance C of (2) 2 Is connected with one end of the blocking capacitor C 2 Is connected with the other end of the auxiliary inductor L 2 Is connected with one end of the auxiliary inductor L 2 The other end of the primary side power switch tube Q is connected with the synonym end of the primary side winding 3 Drain and primary side power switch tube Q 1 Is connected with the drain electrode of the primary side power switch tube Q 4 Source electrode of (C) is respectively connected with primary side power switch tube Q 2 Is connected to the negative electrode of the battery.
The resonant type multiport converter with the cooperative modulation of the multiple control amounts provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: wherein the non-resonant module comprises a first non-resonant conversion unit, the first non-resonant conversion unit comprises a secondary side winding of an isolation transformer T and a secondary side rectifying diode D 1 Secondary side rectifier diode D 2 Secondary side rectifier diode D 3 Secondary side rectifier diode D 4 And output filter capacitor C 0 The homonymous ends of the secondary side winding are respectively connected with a secondary side rectifier diode D 1 Positive and secondary side rectifier diode D 2 The negative pole of the secondary side winding is connected with a secondary side rectifying diode D respectively at the different name ends 3 Positive and secondary side rectifier diode D 4 Is connected with the negative pole of the output filter capacitor C 0 One end of (a) is respectively connected with the secondary side rectifying diode D 1 Cathode, secondary side rectifier diode D of (2) 3 Negative electrode of (a) and equivalent load resistance R L One end of (a) is connected with the output filter capacitor C 0 The other end of (a) is respectively connected with a secondary side rectifying diode D 2 Positive and secondary rectifier diode D of (a) 4 Positive electrode of (a) and equivalent load resistance R L Is connected to the other end of the pipe.
The invention provides a resonance type multi-terminal with multiple control amounts for cooperative modulationThe port transformer may further have the feature that: the operation module comprises a counting subunit, a regulation judging subunit, an MPPT regulation parameter generation subunit and an MEPT regulation parameter generation subunit, wherein the counting subunit comprises a counter for counting to obtain counting data; the regulation judging subunit is used for judging whether the current working condition is stable according to the count data and the voltage value and the current value of the photovoltaic connection port, if so, MEPT regulation is carried out, if not, MPPT regulation is carried out, the MPPT regulation parameter generating subunit is used for carrying out MPPT regulation, the first duty ratio data, the first frequency data and the first phase data are obtained through disturbance observation and voltage closed-loop control calculation according to the voltage values corresponding to the photovoltaic connection port, the battery connection port and the load connection port, the first duty ratio data, the first frequency data and the first phase data are used as control parameters, the MEPT regulation parameter generating subunit is used for carrying out MEPT regulation, the second frequency data and the second phase data are obtained through disturbance observation and voltage closed-loop control calculation according to the voltage value of the load connection port, the first duty ratio data, the second frequency data and the second phase data are used as control parameters, the control module comprises a PWM controller and a PWM driving signal is used for generating PWM driving signals according to the input control parameters, and controlling the primary side power switch tube Q 1 Primary side power switching tube Q 2 Primary side power switching tube Q 3 And primary side power switching tube Q 4 And (3) on or off, and MPPT regulation or MEPT regulation is realized.
The resonant type multiport converter with the cooperative modulation of the multiple control amounts provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: the operation module further comprises a fastest response speed subunit, the fastest response speed subunit is preset with a fastest response algorithm and is used for adjusting the control parameters, and the control module controls the on or off of each primary side power switch tube according to the control parameters to achieve optimal compromise of MPPT, maximum efficiency and response speed.
The resonant type multiport converter with the cooperative modulation of the multiple control amounts provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: the operation module further comprises an optimal power path subunit, the fastest response speed subunit is preset with an optimal power path algorithm and is used for adjusting the control parameters, and the control module controls the on or off of each primary side power switch tube according to the control parameters to achieve optimal compromise of MPPT, maximum efficiency and power paths.
The resonant type multiport converter with the cooperative modulation of the multiple control amounts provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: wherein, primary side power switch tube Q 1 Primary side power switching tube Q 2 Primary side power switching tube Q 3 And primary side power switching tube Q 4 Is a mosfet or an IGBT.
The resonant type multiport converter with the cooperative modulation of the multiple control amounts provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: the resonant structure of the resonant conversion unit comprises a resonant structure of a half-bridge or full-bridge structure, a phase-shifting resonant structure, an asymmetric half-bridge or full-bridge resonant structure, a forward resonant structure, an LLC resonant structure, an LCC resonant structure, a CL composite resonant structure, a CLCC resonant structure, a resonant conversion network using a transformer and a resonant network using a wireless charging coil.
Effects and effects of the invention
According to the resonance type multi-port converter with the cooperative modulation of the multiple control amounts, on one hand, the operation module adjusts the state and the parameters of the resonance unit by taking the switching frequency, the duty ratio and the phase shift value as the control amounts, so that the voltage is adjusted, and the resonance type multi-port converter can realize a wider voltage gain adjusting range in a narrower switching frequency changing range; on the other hand, because the MEPT control period is far longer than the MPPT control period, MPPT control and MEPT control are simultaneously carried out through the MPPT regulation and control parameter generation subunit and the MEPT regulation and control parameter generation subunit, and the compromise of all losses is realized in the full voltage change range and the full load regulation range through dynamic self-adaptive coordination among multiple control quantities, so that higher efficiency is obtained. Therefore, the resonance type multi-port converter with the multi-control amount cooperative modulation can improve the efficiency of the resonance type multi-port converter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a frame of a resonant multiport converter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operating circuit of a resonant multiport converter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of typical waveforms for operation of a resonant multiport converter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a resonant multiport converter in an operational mode 1 in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a resonant multiport converter in operational mode 2 in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a resonant multiport converter in operational mode 3 in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a resonant multiport converter in an operational mode 4 in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a resonant multiport converter in an operational mode 5 in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of specific operation of MPPT and MEPT coordinated regulation in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the efficiency of each converter under different load conditions in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, creation characteristics, achievement purposes and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments specifically describe the resonant multiport converter with the cooperation of multiple control amounts according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a frame of a resonant multiport converter in an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the resonant multi-port converter 100 of the present embodiment includes a port module 10, a resonance module 20, a non-resonance module 30, a sampling module 40, an operation module 50, and a control module 60.
The port module 10 includes N input/output ports for connecting with an external device, receiving or outputting voltage and current input from or to the external device, wherein N is greater than or equal to 2.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an operating circuit of a resonant multiport converter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the number of input/output ports is three, including a photovoltaic connection port 101, a battery connection port 102, and a load connection port 103, the photovoltaic connection port 101 is connected to a photovoltaic panel PV, the battery connection port 102 is connected to a battery BAT, and the load connection port 103 is connected to an equivalent load resistor R L Connected, v PV 、v BAT And v out The voltage of the photovoltaic panel, the voltage of the battery and the output voltage are sequentially shown.
The resonance module 20 includes X resonance transforming units for realizing energy transfer between two or more input and output ports, and the resonance structure of the resonance transforming units includes a half-bridge or full-bridge structure resonance structure, a phase-shift resonance structure, an asymmetric half-bridge or full-bridge resonance structure, a forward resonance structure, an LLC resonance structure, an LCC resonance structure, a CL composite resonance structure, a CLCC resonance structure, a resonance transforming network using a transformer, and a resonance network using a wireless charging coil.
In this embodiment, the resonant conversion units may have interactions, including multiplexing of resonant elements, coupling of magnetic elements, and coupling of wireless charging coils.
Wherein the resonance module 20 comprises a first resonance transforming unit 201 and a second resonance transforming unit 202.
The first resonant conversion unit 201 is an LLC main bridge arm and comprises an input filter capacitor C in Primary side power switching tube Q 1 Primary side power switching tube Q 2 Body diode T 1 Body diode T 2 Primary winding of isolation transformer T, resonant inductance L 1 And a resonance capacitor C 1 The turn ratio n=n of the isolation transformer T in this embodiment p :N s 。
Input filter capacitor C in One end of the capacitor is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the primary side power switch tube Q1 and the positive electrode of the photovoltaic panel PV, and is input into a filter capacitor C in Is divided into the other end ofIs not connected with the primary side power switch tube Q 2 Is connected with the cathode of the photovoltaic panel PV, and a primary side power switch tube Q 1 Source electrode of (C) is respectively connected with primary side power switch tube Q 2 Drain electrode of (d) and resonant inductance L 1 Is connected with one end of the resonant inductor L 1 The other end of the primary winding is connected with the homonymous end of the primary winding, and the heteronymous end of the primary winding is connected with the resonance capacitor C 1 One end of the resonant capacitor is connected with the primary side power switch tube Q 2 Is connected with the source of the body diode T 1 Cathode and primary side power switch tube Q 1 Is connected with the drain electrode of the body diode T 1 Positive and primary side power switching tube Q 1 Is connected with the source of the body diode T 2 Cathode and primary side power switch tube Q 2 Is connected with the drain electrode of the body diode T 2 Positive and primary side power switching tube Q 2 Is connected with the source electrode of L M To isolate the excitation inductance of the transformer T, i M For exciting inductance L M Exciting current v of (v) TP To isolate the voltage of the primary winding of the transformer T, i L1 Is the resonant current.
The second resonant conversion unit 202 is a battery management half-bridge comprising an auxiliary inductance L 2 Linear inductance L of battery management bidirectional Buck/Boost converter 3 Dc blocking capacitor C 2 Primary side power switching tube Q 3 Primary side power switching tube Q 4 Body diode T 3 Sum body diode T 4 。
Linear inductance L 3 Is connected to the positive electrode of the battery BAT, and has a linear inductance L 3 The other end of the (B) is respectively connected with the primary side power switch tube Q 3 Source, primary side power switch tube Q 4 Drain and blocking capacitance C of (2) 2 Is connected with one end of the blocking capacitor C 2 Is connected with the other end of the auxiliary inductor L 2 Is connected with one end of the auxiliary inductor L 2 The other end of the primary side power switch tube Q is connected with the synonym end of the primary side winding 3 Drain and primary side power switch tube Q 1 Is connected with the drain electrode of the primary side power switch tube Q 4 Source electrode of (C) is respectively connected with primary side power switch tube Q 2 Is provided with a source electrode of (C) and a battery BATThe cathode is connected with the body diode T 3 Cathode and primary side power switch tube Q 3 Is connected with the drain electrode of the body diode T 3 Positive and primary side power switching tube Q 3 Is connected with the source of the body diode T 4 Cathode and primary side power switch tube Q 4 Is connected with the drain electrode of the body diode T 4 Positive and primary side power switching tube Q 4 Is connected with the source electrode of i L2 To inject current, i L3 Is the battery current.
Wherein, primary side power switch tube Q 1 Primary side power switching tube Q 2 Primary side power switching tube Q 3 And primary side power switching tube Q 4 Is a mosfet or an IGBT.
The non-resonant module 30 includes M non-resonant conversion units for resonant state adjustment, where M is greater than or equal to 0.
Wherein the non-resonant module 30 comprises a first non-resonant conversion unit 301.
The first non-resonant conversion unit 301 includes a secondary winding of an isolation transformer T, and a secondary rectifier diode D 1 Secondary side rectifier diode D 2 Secondary side rectifier diode D 3 Secondary side rectifier diode D 4 And output filter capacitor C 0 。
The homonymous ends of the secondary side winding are respectively connected with a secondary side rectifier diode D 1 Positive and secondary side rectifier diode D 2 The negative pole of the secondary side winding is connected with a secondary side rectifying diode D respectively at the different name ends 3 Positive and secondary side rectifier diode D 4 Is connected with the negative pole of the output filter capacitor C 0 One end of (a) is respectively connected with the secondary side rectifying diode D 1 Cathode, secondary side rectifier diode D of (2) 3 Negative electrode of (a) and equivalent load resistance R L One end of (a) is connected with the output filter capacitor C 0 The other end of (a) is respectively connected with a secondary side rectifying diode D 2 Positive and secondary rectifier diode D of (a) 4 Positive electrode of (a) and equivalent load resistance R L Is connected to the other end of i s To rectify the current.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of typical waveforms for operation of a resonant multiport converter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 3, the abscissa is the switching period T s V in ordinate GS1 、v GS2 、v GS3 And v GS4 Respectively is a primary side power switch tube Q 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 And Q 4 I L1 、i L2 And i L3 Respectively the resonant inductance L 1 Auxiliary inductance L 2 And linear inductance L 3 I is the current waveform of (i) M To isolate the exciting current waveform of the transformer T, i s The current waveform is rectified for the secondary side. In a switching period T s I.e. t 0 -t 10 In, the resonant multiport converter 100 has 10 modes of operation, where t 0 -t 2 For injecting current i L2 Relative and resonant current i L1 Is a phase shift time T of (2) D Then the phase shift value variable phase=t D /T s ，t 1 -t 2 、t 4 -t 5 、t 6 -t 7 、t 9 -t 10 Dead time t when the switches of the same bridge arm are switched d 。
On the one hand, since LLC operates in a symmetrical mode, and on the other hand, since the primary side power switch Q is when the battery BAT is discharged 3 ZVS soft switching can be realized, and the primary side power switch tube Q 4 Primary side power switch tube Q for hard switch and battery BAT charging 4 ZVS soft switching can be realized, and the primary side power switch tube Q 3 Is a hard switch, and has no difference in other working states, so that the battery BAT discharges the first half period t 0 -t 5 The working modes of (a) are described as follows:
fig. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a resonant multiport converter in an operating mode 1 in an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 4, in the operation mode 1, i.e., t 0 -t 1 During this period, primary side power switching transistor Q 1 And Q 4 Conduction and primary side power switch tube Q 2 And Q 3 Turn-off, LLC resonant cavity is resonant inductance L 1 And a resonance capacitor C 1 Resonance to begin the positive half-cycleResonant current i L1 Energy is transferred to the secondary side through the isolation transformer T via the secondary side rectifier diode D 1 And D 4 To the load, i.e. the equivalent load resistance R L In this process voltage V TP ＝V o ·N p /N s Battery current i L3 Via primary-side power switching tube Q 4 Freewheels realize the charge and discharge of the battery BAT. Mode of operation 1 from t 0 Starting at the moment until t 1 Time primary side power switch tube Q 4 And turning off, ending the working mode 1.
Fig. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a resonant multiport converter in an operating mode 2 in an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 5, in the operation mode 2, i.e., t 1 -t 2 During this period, primary side power switching transistor Q 1 Conduction and primary side power switch tube Q 2 、Q 3 And Q 4 Turn-off, resonant inductance L 1 And a resonance capacitor C 1 Continuing resonance, battery current i L3 Start to fall linearly and pass through the body diode T 3 Follow current, thereby realizing primary side power switch tube Q 3 Is turned on.
Fig. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a resonant multiport converter in an operating mode 3 in an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 6, in the operation mode 3, i.e., t 2 -t 3 During this period, primary side power switching transistor Q 1 And Q 3 Conduction and primary side power switch tube Q 2 And Q 4 Turn off, injection current i of auxiliary branch L2 The equivalent capacitance value of the resonant cavity is increased by approximately linearly rising, and the current i is injected L2 The phase and amplitude of (c) affects the resonance time at that time, t 3 At the moment the resonance of the positive half period of the LLC ends, and this mode of operation 3 ends.
Fig. 7 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a resonant multiport converter in an operating mode 4 in an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 7, in the operation mode 4, i.e., t 3 -t 4 During this period, primary side power switching transistor Q 1 And Q 3 Conduction and primary side power switch tube Q 2 And Q 4 Off, exciting current i M Rising to and resonating with current i L1 Equal, excitation inductance L M Involving resonance, ending of previous resonance, resonant current i L1 With exciting current i M Slowly rising together, the isolating transformer T stops transmitting energy to the secondary side, the primary side and the secondary side are separated, and the secondary side rectifier diode D 1 、D 2 、D 3 And D 4 All turn off and pass through output filter capacitor C 0 To equivalent load resistance R L Providing energy.
Fig. 8 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a resonant multiport converter in an operating mode 5 in an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 8, in the operation mode 5, i.e., t 4 -t 5 During this period, primary side power switching transistor Q 3 Conduction and primary side power switch tube Q 1 、Q 2 And Q 4 Turn off, exciting current i in dead time M Draw-away primary side power switch tube Q 2 And completes the charge on the junction capacitor of the primary side power switch tube Q 1 Charging the junction capacitance of the body diode T 2 Conducting the follow current to obtain a primary side power switch tube Q 2 ZVS on creation condition, t 5 Primary side power switch tube Q at moment 2 Zero voltage conduction and resonance of the other half cycle starts and the operation mode 5 ends.
The sampling module 40 is used for collecting current values and voltage values of the N input/output ports in the working state.
The operation module 50 includes a preset control algorithm, and the control parameters are calculated according to the control algorithm by combining the current value and the voltage value, wherein the control algorithm includes a table look-up method, an interpolation calculation method, a disturbance observation method, a closed-loop control method and an artificial intelligence method.
The operation module 50 includes a counting subunit 501, a regulation and control judging subunit 502, an MPPT regulation and control parameter generating subunit 503, and an MEPT regulation and control parameter generating subunit 504.
The counting subunit 501 includes a counter for counting to obtain count data.
The regulation and control judging subunit 502 is configured to judge whether the current working condition is stable according to the count data and the voltage value and the current value of the photovoltaic connection port, if so, perform MEPT regulation, and if not, perform MPPT regulation.
The MPPT regulation parameter generating subunit 503 is configured to perform MPPT regulation, obtain first duty ratio data, first frequency data, and first phase data according to voltage values corresponding to the photovoltaic connection port, the battery connection port, and the load connection port through a disturbance observation method and voltage closed-loop control calculation, and use the first duty ratio data, the first frequency data, and the first phase data as control parameters.
The MEPT regulation parameter generation subunit 504 is configured to perform MEPT regulation, obtain second frequency data and second phase data according to the voltage value of the load connection port through a disturbance observation method and voltage closed-loop control calculation, and use the first duty cycle data, the second frequency data and the second phase data as control parameters.
In this embodiment, the MEPT regulation parameter generating subunit 504 stores a preset optimal working point curve obtained by fitting according to theoretical calculation, and the MEPT regulation parameter generating subunit 504 performs maximum efficiency tracking by a disturbance observation method based on the optimal working point curve, and calculates the overall efficiency η=100% × (P BAT +P load )/P PV P in the formula BAT To calculate the power, P, from the voltage and current drawn at the battery connection port PV For calculating the power obtained according to the voltage and current collected by the photovoltaic connection port, P load In order to determine the disturbance direction according to the power obtained by calculating the voltage and the current collected by the load connection port, an optimal efficiency working point under the working condition is obtained, and the curve of the optimal working point is corrected according to the voltage and current data when the optimal efficiency working point is obtained, so that the convergence speed of maximum efficiency tracking can be increased by the MEPT regulation and control parameter generation subunit 504 through the continuously corrected curve of the optimal working point, namely the optimal efficiency working point under the working condition is reached more quickly.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of specific operation of MPPT and MEPT coordinated regulation in an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 9, the regulation and control judging subunit 502 confirms whether the voltage value and the current value of the photovoltaic connection port fluctuate within a smaller range at fixed time intervals according to the count data, if so, the current working condition is stable, the MEPT regulation is entered, and if not, the current working condition is unstable, the MPPT regulation is entered.
In the MPPT regulation, the MPPT regulation parameter generating subunit 503 sets a control period a and a control period B corresponding to the disturbance observation and the voltage closed-loop control, and continuously performs the corresponding disturbance observation or the voltage closed-loop control according to the control period until the current working condition is stable. And when the overflow flag bit of the timer reaches a corresponding control period, corresponding disturbance observation or voltage closed-loop control is carried out. And when the voltage is controlled in a closed loop mode, calculating according to the first duty ratio data to obtain first frequency data and first phase data which stabilize the output voltage.
In the MEPT regulation, the MEPT regulation parameter generating subunit 504 sets a control period C and a control period D corresponding to the disturbance observation and the voltage closed-loop control respectively, and continuously performs the corresponding disturbance observation or the voltage closed-loop control according to the control period until the current working condition is unstable. And when the overflow flag bit of the timer reaches a corresponding control period, corresponding disturbance observation or voltage closed-loop control is carried out. And when the voltage is controlled in a closed loop mode, calculating second frequency data which stabilizes the output voltage according to the second phase data and the first duty ratio data.
In this embodiment, the operation module 50 further includes a fastest response speed subunit, where the fastest response speed subunit is preset with a fastest response algorithm, and is configured to adjust the control parameter, and the control module controls on or off of each primary power switch tube according to the control parameter, so as to achieve an optimal compromise of MPPT, maximum efficiency and response speed.
In this embodiment, the operation module 50 further includes an optimal power path subunit, and the fastest response speed subunit is preset with an optimal power path algorithm, so as to adjust the control parameters, and the control module controls on or off of each primary power switch tube according to the control parameters, so as to realize optimal trade-off among MPPT, maximum efficiency and power path.
The control module 60 generates a corresponding PWM driving signal according to the control parameter, controls the switching tube of the corresponding resonant conversion unit to be conducted or closed, and adjusts the current value and the voltage value of each input/output port.
The control module comprises a PWM controller for generating PWM driving signals according to input control parameters to control the primary side power switch tube Q 1 Primary side power switching tube Q 2 Primary side power switching tube Q 3 And primary side power switching tube Q 4 And (3) on or off, and MPPT regulation or MEPT regulation is realized.
In order to embody the performance effect of the resonant multi-port converter 100 in this embodiment, the structure of this embodiment of the resonant multi-port converter 100, i.e. the cooperative control MEPT, is compared with the conventional structure of the conventional frequency modulation LLC three-port converter without injection current, i.e. the frequency modulation control, and the conventional structure of this embodiment of the fixed frequency control, i.e. the injection current type LLC three-port converter with only phase shift control and no efficiency optimization, and the comparison test has the following setting conditions: the port voltage of the photovoltaic panel PV is 60V-85V, the port voltage of the battery is 48V, the port output voltage of the load is 380V, and the rated output power is 160W.
In this comparative test, the main parameters of the inventive converter include: switching frequency f s 210-300 kHz, resonant inductance L 1 1.6uH, resonance capacitance C 1 162nF, auxiliary inductance L 2 17uH, linear inductance L 3 60uH, turn ratio n of 5:42, excitation inductance L M 13uH.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the efficiency of each converter under different load conditions in an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 10, (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f) are schematic diagrams of the efficiency of each converter in the order of the output 160W of the photovoltaic 120W, the output 80W of the photovoltaic 120W, the output 160W of the photovoltaic 40W, the output 80W of the photovoltaic 40W, the output 160W of the photovoltaic 0W and the output 80W of the photovoltaic 0W, and the horizontal coordinates of (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f) are all the port voltages of the photovoltaic, and the vertical coordinates are all the efficiencies of the converters, therefore, the efficiency of the converter of the invention is better than that of the two converters in the prior art under different conditions, and the effect is particularly obvious when the photovoltaic voltage is higher, the efficiency is improved by 2% -3%, so that compared with the prior art converter, the resonant multiport converter 100 of the embodiment can realize the efficiency improvement of the full voltage range.
Effects and effects of the examples
According to the resonance type multi-port converter with the multi-control quantity cooperative modulation, on one hand, the operation module adjusts the state and the parameters of the resonance unit by taking the switching frequency, the duty ratio and the phase shift value as the control quantity, so that the voltage is adjusted, and the resonance type multi-port converter can realize a wider voltage gain adjusting range in a narrower switching frequency changing range; on the other hand, because the MEPT control period is far longer than the MPPT control period, MPPT control and MEPT control are simultaneously carried out through the MPPT regulation and control parameter generation subunit and the MEPT regulation and control parameter generation subunit, and the compromise of all losses is realized in the full voltage change range and the full load regulation range through dynamic self-adaptive coordination among multiple control quantities, so that higher efficiency is obtained. In summary, the method can improve the efficiency of a resonant multiport converter.
The above embodiments are preferred examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-control-quantity co-modulated resonant multiport converter comprising:
the port module comprises N input/output ports and is used for being connected with external equipment, receiving voltage and current input by the external equipment or outputting the voltage and the current to the external equipment;
the resonance module comprises X resonance transformation units and is used for realizing energy transfer between two or more than two input and output ports;
the non-resonant module comprises M non-resonant conversion units and is used for adjusting the resonant state;
the sampling module is used for collecting current values and voltage values of N input/output ports in a working state;
the operation module comprises a preset regulation algorithm, and control parameters are obtained by calculation according to the regulation algorithm and combining the current value and the voltage value;
the control module generates a corresponding PWM driving signal according to the control parameter, controls the switching tube of the corresponding resonance conversion unit to be conducted or closed, adjusts the current value and the voltage value of each input/output port,
wherein X is more than or equal to 2, N is more than or equal to 2, and M is more than or equal to 0.
2. The multi-control-quantity co-modulated resonant multiport converter of claim 1, wherein:
the regulation algorithm comprises a table look-up method, an interpolation calculation method, a disturbance observation method, a closed-loop control method and an artificial intelligence method.
3. The multi-control-quantity co-modulated resonant multiport converter of claim 2, wherein:
the number of the input/output ports is three, the input/output ports comprise a photovoltaic connection port, a battery connection port and a load connection port, the photovoltaic connection port is connected with a photovoltaic panel, the battery connection port is connected with a battery, and the load connection port is connected with an equivalent load resistor R L Are connected.
4. A multi-control-quantity co-modulated resonant multiport converter in accordance with claim 3, wherein:
wherein the resonance module comprises a first resonance transformation unit and a second resonance transformation unit,
the first resonant conversion unit is an LLC main bridge arm and comprises an input filter capacitor C in Primary side power switching tube Q 1 Primary side power switching tube Q 2 Primary side winding of isolation transformer TGroup resonance inductance L 1 And a resonance capacitor C 1 The input filter capacitor C in One end of the input filter capacitor C is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the primary side power switch tube Q1 and the positive electrode of the photovoltaic panel in The other end of the primary side power switch tube Q is respectively connected with 2 Is connected with the cathode of the photovoltaic panel, the primary side power switch tube Q 1 The source electrode of the primary side power switch tube Q is respectively connected with 2 And the resonant inductance L 1 Is connected to one end of the resonant inductor L 1 The other end of the primary winding is connected with the homonymous end of the primary winding, and the homonymous end of the primary winding is connected with the resonant capacitor C 1 One end of the resonant capacitor is connected with the primary side power switch tube Q 2 Is connected with the source electrode of the (c) transistor,
the second resonant conversion unit is a battery management half-bridge and comprises an auxiliary inductor L 2 Linear inductance L of battery management bidirectional Buck/Boost converter 3 Dc blocking capacitor C 2 Primary side power switching tube Q 3 And primary side power switching tube Q 4 The linear inductance L 3 Is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, the linear inductor L 3 The other end of the primary side power switch tube Q is respectively connected with 3 Source of the primary side power switch tube Q 4 And the blocking capacitance C 2 Is connected with one end of the blocking capacitor C 2 And the other end of the auxiliary inductance L 2 Is connected to one end of the auxiliary inductor L 2 The other end of the primary side power switch tube Q is connected with the synonym end of the primary side winding 3 And the primary side power switch tube Q 1 Is connected with the drain electrode of the primary side power switch tube Q 4 The source electrode of the primary side power switch tube Q is respectively connected with 2 Is connected to the negative electrode of the battery.
5. The multi-control-quantity co-modulated resonant multiport converter of claim 4, wherein:
wherein the non-resonant module comprises a first non-resonant conversion unit,
the first non-resonant conversion unit comprises a secondary winding of the isolation transformer T and a secondary rectifying diode D 1 Secondary side rectifier diode D 2 Secondary side rectifier diode D 3 Secondary side rectifier diode D 4 And output filter capacitor C 0 The homonymous ends of the secondary side winding are respectively connected with the secondary side rectifying diode D 1 Positive electrode of (D) and the secondary side rectifier diode D 2 The opposite ends of the secondary winding are respectively connected with the secondary rectifying diode D 3 Positive electrode of (D) and the secondary side rectifier diode D 4 Is connected with the negative pole of the output filter capacitor C 0 One end of the second-side rectifier diode D 1 Is a negative electrode of the secondary side rectifying diode D 3 Is connected with the negative electrode of the equivalent load resistor R L Is connected with one end of the output filter capacitor C 0 The other end of the second-side rectifier diode D 2 The positive electrode of the secondary side rectifying diode D 4 Positive electrode of (a) and the equivalent load resistor R L Is connected to the other end of the pipe.
6. The multi-control-quantity co-modulated resonant multiport converter of claim 5, wherein:
wherein the operation module comprises a counting subunit, a regulating and judging subunit, an MPPT regulating and controlling parameter generating subunit and an MEPT regulating and controlling parameter generating subunit,
the counting subunit comprises a counter for counting to obtain counting data,
the regulation judging subunit is used for judging whether the current working condition is stable or not according to the counting data and the voltage value and the current value of the photovoltaic connecting port, if so, MEPT regulation is carried out, if not, MPPT regulation is carried out,
the MPPT regulation parameter generation subunit is used for carrying out MPPT regulation, obtaining first duty ratio data, first frequency data and first phase data through the disturbance observation method and voltage closed-loop control calculation according to the voltage values corresponding to the photovoltaic connection port, the battery connection port and the load connection port, taking the first duty ratio data, the first frequency data and the first phase data as the control parameters,
the MEPT regulation and control parameter generation subunit is used for carrying out MEPT regulation and control, obtaining second frequency data and second phase data through the disturbance observation method and voltage closed-loop control calculation according to the voltage value of the load connection port, taking the first duty ratio data, the second frequency data and the second phase data as the control parameters,
the control module comprises a PWM controller for generating the PWM driving signal according to the input control parameter to control the primary side power switch tube Q 1 The primary side power switch tube Q 2 The primary side power switch tube Q 3 And the primary side power switch tube Q 4 And (3) on or off, and MPPT regulation or MEPT regulation is realized.
7. The multi-control-quantity co-modulated resonant multiport converter of claim 6, wherein:
wherein the operation module further comprises a fastest response speed subunit,
the fastest response speed subunit is preset with a fastest response algorithm for adjusting the control parameters,
and the control module controls the on or off of each primary side power switch tube according to the control parameters, so as to realize the optimal compromise of MPPT, maximum efficiency and response speed.
8. The multi-control-quantity co-modulated resonant multiport converter of claim 6, wherein:
wherein the operation module further comprises an optimal power path subunit,
the fastest response speed subunit is preset with an optimal power path algorithm for adjusting the control parameters,
and the control module controls the on or off of each primary side power switch tube according to the control parameters, so as to realize the optimal compromise of MPPT, maximum efficiency and power path.
9. The multi-control-quantity co-modulated resonant multiport converter of claim 4, wherein:
wherein, the primary side power switch tube Q 1 The primary side power switch tube Q 2 The primary side power switch tube Q 3 And the primary side power switch tube Q 4 Is a mosfet or an IGBT.
10. The multi-control-quantity co-modulated resonant multiport converter of claim 1, wherein:
the resonant structure of the resonant conversion unit comprises a resonant structure of a half-bridge or full-bridge structure, a phase-shifting resonant structure, an asymmetric half-bridge or full-bridge resonant structure, a forward resonant structure, an LLC resonant structure, an LCC resonant structure, a CL composite resonant structure, a CLCC resonant structure, a resonant conversion network using a transformer and a resonant network using a wireless charging coil.
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