CN117477893A - Thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device - Google Patents

Thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117477893A
CN117477893A CN202210863637.8A CN202210863637A CN117477893A CN 117477893 A CN117477893 A CN 117477893A CN 202210863637 A CN202210863637 A CN 202210863637A CN 117477893 A CN117477893 A CN 117477893A
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China
Prior art keywords
power generation
plasma
thermoacoustic
magnetohydrodynamic power
magnetohydrodynamic
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CN202210863637.8A
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Inventor
罗二仓
杨睿
王军翔
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Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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Priority to CN202210863637.8A priority Critical patent/CN117477893A/en
Publication of CN117477893A publication Critical patent/CN117477893A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K44/00—Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
    • H02K44/08—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators
    • H02K44/12—Constructional details of fluid channels
    • H02K44/14—Circular or screw-shaped channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K44/00—Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
    • H02K44/08—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device, comprising: a thermoacoustic engine and a plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation assembly; the plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation assembly comprises a plasma generation chamber and a magnetohydrodynamic power generation chamber which are connected, and the thermoacoustic engine is connected with the magnetohydrodynamic power generation chamber; the plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation assembly provides heat energy for the thermoacoustic engine, the plasma generation chamber is used for generating plasma, the thermoacoustic engine can convert the heat energy into sound energy through thermoacoustic effect, so that the plasma in the magnetohydrodynamic power generation chamber generates reciprocating oscillation to cut magnetic induction lines, induced electromotive force is generated, and electric power is output through an external load. Cutting the induction lines with alternating flow of the plasma to generate induced electromotive force, whereas in the conventional magnetohydrodynamic power generation system, the plasma flows unidirectionally; and the sound wave generated by the thermo-acoustic engine is utilized to drive the plasma to oscillate back and forth, so that thermo-acoustic driving power generation without moving parts is realized.

Description

Thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermoacoustic power generation, in particular to a thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device.
Background
A thermo-acoustic engine is a device that constructs a proper sound field using pipe and a heat exchanger, and converts external thermal energy into acoustic energy through interaction between a working medium and a regenerator. As a novel external combustion type heat engine, the engine has the advantages of no mechanical moving parts, high reliability, long service life, high potential heat efficiency and the like. The thermo-acoustic engine may be classified into a traveling wave thermo-acoustic engine and a standing wave thermo-acoustic engine according to the sound field characteristics of thermo-acoustic conversion. Traveling wave thermo-acoustic engines are based on the reversible stirling cycle, potentially more thermally efficient than standing wave thermo-acoustic engines based on the irreversible cycle.
A plasma is a macroscopic electrically neutral ionized gas with a certain conductivity, called the fourth state of matter. Compared with the conventional technology, the magnetohydrodynamic power generation technology based on the plasma is a novel power generation technology and has the advantages of low efficiency, less pollution, water saving, quick starting, compact structure and the like, so that the magnetohydrodynamic power generation technology is expected to have a revolutionary influence on the conventional power production. However, existing plasma power generation technologies face challenges of complex structure and difficult seed recovery, preventing their large-scale application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device which is used for solving the problem that an ion body power generation device is difficult to apply on a large scale in the prior art.
The invention provides a thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device, comprising: a thermoacoustic engine and a plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation assembly;
the plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation assembly comprises a plasma generation chamber and a magnetohydrodynamic power generation chamber which are connected, and the thermoacoustic engine is connected with the magnetohydrodynamic power generation chamber;
the plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation assembly provides heat energy for the thermoacoustic engine, the plasma generation chamber is used for generating plasma, and the thermoacoustic engine can convert the heat energy into acoustic energy through thermoacoustic effect, so that the plasma in the magnetohydrodynamic power generation chamber can oscillate reciprocally.
According to the thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device provided by the invention, the thermoacoustic engine is one or more of a traveling wave thermoacoustic engine, a standing wave thermoacoustic engine and a traveling-standing wave hybrid thermoacoustic engine.
According to the thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device provided by the invention, the thermoacoustic engines are traveling wave thermoacoustic engines, the number of the traveling wave thermoacoustic engines is two, and the two traveling wave thermoacoustic engines are connected end to form an annular structure.
According to the thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device provided by the invention, the number of the magnetohydrodynamic power generation chambers is two, and the two magnetohydrodynamic power generation chambers are connected with the two traveling wave thermoacoustic engines in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
According to the thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device provided by the invention, the two magnetohydrodynamic power generation chambers are connected with the two traveling wave thermoacoustic engines in a one-to-one correspondence manner through the resonant tubes.
According to the thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device provided by the invention, the thermoacoustic engine comprises a cooler and a heat regenerator which are sequentially connected, and one side of the heat regenerator, which is far away from the cooler, is connected with the magnetohydrodynamic power generation chamber.
According to the thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device provided by the invention, the thermoacoustic engine further comprises a heater, the heater is arranged on one side, far away from the cooler, of the heat regenerator, and one side, far away from the heat regenerator, of the heater is connected with the magnetohydrodynamic power generation chamber.
According to the thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device provided by the invention, the gas working medium used in the plasma generation chamber is gas easy to ionize.
According to the thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device provided by the invention, the magnetohydrodynamic power generation chamber comprises a power generation channel, a magnetic piece and at least one pair of electrodes;
the magnetic piece is arranged on the periphery of the power generation channel, the power generation channel is connected with the plasma generation chamber, and the at least one pair of electrodes are arranged in the power generation channel.
According to the thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device provided by the invention, the plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation assembly further comprises a seed adding chamber, the seed adding chamber is connected with the plasma generation chamber, and the seed adding chamber is used for filling cesium vapor or potassium vapor into the plasma generation chamber.
According to the thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device provided by the invention, the thermoacoustic engine utilizes the heat energy of the plasma generation chamber to generate thermoacoustic effect, so that the heat energy is converted into sound energy, then the plasma in the magnetohydrodynamic power generation chamber is driven by sound waves to reciprocally cut magnetic induction lines, induced electromotive force is generated, and electric power is output through an external load. That is, the induced electromotive force is generated by cutting the induction line with alternating flow of the plasma, whereas in the conventional magnetohydrodynamic power generation system, the plasma flows unidirectionally; and the sound wave generated by the thermo-acoustic engine is utilized to drive the plasma to oscillate back and forth, so that thermo-acoustic driving power generation without moving parts is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device provided by the invention;
reference numerals:
1. a plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation assembly; 11. a plasma generation chamber; 12. a magnetic member; 13. a power generation channel; 14. a load; 2. a thermo-acoustic engine; 21. a regenerator; 22. a cooler; 3. a resonator tube.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The thermoacoustic power generation technology is a novel power generation technology formed by coupling a thermoacoustic engine and an acoustic-electric conversion device, and is an important application direction of the thermoacoustic engine.
As shown in fig. 1, a thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a thermo-acoustic engine 2 and a plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation assembly 1.
The plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation assembly 1 comprises a plasma generation chamber 11 and a magnetohydrodynamic power generation chamber which are connected, and the thermoacoustic engine 2 is connected with the magnetohydrodynamic power generation chamber.
The plasma generation chamber 11 may be ionized by high temperature, such as combustion heat, nuclear reactor heat, radiant heat, etc., by microwave, radio frequency electric field, etc., or a combination of the above, and is not particularly limited herein.
Wherein, the argon gas in the plasma generating chamber 11 can be heated to more than 2000K, and then a plasma with higher conductivity is formed under the action of a radio frequency power supply. The plasma can enter the magnetohydrodynamic generation chamber.
It is particularly pointed out that the plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation assembly provides thermal energy to the thermo-acoustic engine, that is, the thermal energy of the plasma generation chamber 11 can be transferred to the thermo-acoustic engine. The thermoacoustic engine can convert heat energy into acoustic energy through thermoacoustic effect, so that plasma in the magnetohydrodynamic generating chamber can oscillate reciprocally.
Wherein the thermo-acoustic engine is also capable of utilizing external thermal energy, for example, both the thermal energy of the plasma generation chamber 11 and the external thermal energy are transferred to the thermo-acoustic engine.
In the embodiment of the invention, the thermoacoustic engine 2 generates thermoacoustic effect by utilizing the heat energy of the plasma generation chamber 11, so that the heat energy is converted into sound energy, and then the plasma in the magnetohydrodynamic power generation chamber is driven by sound waves to reciprocally cut the magnetic induction line, so as to generate induced electromotive force, and electric power is output through the external load 14. That is, the induced electromotive force is generated by cutting the induction line with alternating flow of the plasma, whereas in the conventional magnetohydrodynamic power generation system, the plasma flows unidirectionally; the plasma is driven to oscillate back and forth by utilizing the sound wave generated by the thermo-acoustic engine 2, so that thermo-acoustic driving power generation without moving parts is realized.
In alternative embodiments, the thermo-acoustic engine 2 is one or more of a traveling wave thermo-acoustic engine, a standing wave thermo-acoustic engine, and a traveling-standing wave hybrid thermo-acoustic engine.
It should be noted that, the thermo-acoustic engine 2 can generate a thermo-acoustic effect, so that thermal energy is converted into acoustic energy, then the plasma is driven by the acoustic wave to reciprocally cut the magnetic induction line, so as to generate an induced electromotive force, and finally the external load 14 outputs electric power, and the specific type and number of the thermo-acoustic engine 2 are not limited herein.
In an alternative embodiment, the thermo-acoustic engine 2 is a traveling wave thermo-acoustic engine, and the number of the traveling wave thermo-acoustic engines is two, and the two traveling wave thermo-acoustic engines are connected end to form a ring structure.
It should be noted that, two traveling wave thermo-acoustic engines are connected end to end through the resonator 3 to form a ring structure.
That is, the heat energy of the plasma generation chamber 11 is transferred to two traveling wave thermo-acoustic engines, which generate thermo-acoustic effects by using the heat energy of the plasma generation chamber 11, thereby converting the heat energy into sound energy, and then the plasma is driven by the sound wave to reciprocally cut the magnetic induction line, thereby generating induced electromotive force, and outputting electric power through the external load 14.
In an alternative embodiment, the number of the magnetohydrodynamic generating chambers is two, and the two magnetohydrodynamic generating chambers are connected with the two traveling wave thermo-acoustic engines in a one-to-one correspondence.
It should be noted that, two magnetohydrodynamic power generation chambers are correspondingly connected to one plasma generation chamber 11, and at this time, plasma generated in the plasma generation chamber 11 can enter into the two magnetohydrodynamic power generation chambers respectively.
In the embodiment of the invention, the two traveling wave thermo-acoustic engines generate thermo-acoustic effect by using the heat energy of the plasma generation chamber 11, so that the heat energy is converted into sound energy, and then the plasmas in the two magnetohydrodynamic power generation chambers are driven by sound waves to reciprocally cut magnetic induction lines to generate induced electromotive force, and electric power is output through the external load 14.
In an alternative embodiment, both magnetohydrodynamic power generation chambers are connected in one-to-one correspondence with both traveling wave thermo-acoustic engines by resonator 3.
One magnetohydrodynamic generation chamber is connected with one traveling wave thermoacoustic engine through one resonance tube 3, and the other magnetohydrodynamic generation chamber is connected with the other traveling wave thermoacoustic engine through the other resonance tube 3. While the plasma generation chamber 11 is located between the two magnetohydrodynamic generation chambers.
In an alternative embodiment, the thermo-acoustic engine 2 comprises a cooler 22 and a regenerator 21 connected in sequence, the side of the regenerator 21 remote from the cooler 22 being connected to the magnetohydrodynamic generating chamber.
The regenerator 21 is connected to the magnetohydrodynamic generating chamber through the resonator tube 3 on the side away from the cooler 22.
Wherein, the temperature gradient can be established in the heat regenerator 21 under the combined action of the cooler 22 from the height Wen Waiyi of the plasma generating chamber 11 to the hot end of the thermo-acoustic engine 2, and the gas in the heat regenerator 21 generates self-excited oscillation to realize thermo-acoustic conversion. Under the drive of sound wave, the plasma in the magnetohydrodynamic generating chamber generates reciprocating oscillation, cuts the magnetic induction line, generates induced electromotive force, and realizes the electric power output through the external load 14.
The regenerator 21 is a porous medium, and may be parallel flow channels, porous foam, stacked wire mesh, etc., which is not particularly limited herein. The cooler 22 may be water cooled, or may be air cooled or radiation cooled.
In an alternative embodiment, the thermo-acoustic engine further comprises a heater provided on a side of the regenerator 21 remote from the cooler 22, the side of the heater remote from the regenerator 21 being connected to the magnetohydrodynamic chamber.
The side of the heater remote from the regenerator 21 is connected to the magnetohydrodynamic chamber through the resonator 3.
It should be noted that the heater may be selected according to practical needs, for example, in the case of the plasma generation chamber 11 from the high Wen Waiyi to the hot end of the thermo-acoustic engine 2, the heater may be optional.
In an alternative embodiment, the gas working substance used in the plasma-generating chamber 11 is a gas that is readily ionized.
For example, the gas working medium used in the plasma generating chamber 11 is one or more selected from oxygen, helium, hydrogen, and argon.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the gas working medium used in the plasma generating chamber 11 is argon.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the magnetohydrodynamic power generation cell includes a power generation channel 13, a magnetic member 12, and at least one pair of electrodes.
The power generation channel 13 may be a channel of various shapes such as a rectangle, a circle, etc.; at least one pair of parallel electrodes is attached to the inner wall of the power generation path 13. The external load 14 is connected with the electrode, so that electric power is led out.
The magnetic member 12 is disposed on the peripheral side of the power generation path 13, one end of the power generation path 13 is connected to the plasma generation chamber 11, and the other end of the power generation path 13 is connected to the side of the regenerator 21 away from the cooler 22 through the resonance tube 3.
In an alternative embodiment, the plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation assembly further comprises a seed addition chamber connected to the plasma generation chamber 11, the seed addition chamber being for filling the plasma generation chamber 11 with cesium vapor or potassium vapor.
Cesium vapors or potassium vapors can contribute to ionization of the gas working medium in the plasma generation chamber 11.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to ensure high-performance traveling wave thermo-acoustic conversion, two traveling wave thermo-acoustic engines are connected end to end through a resonator 3 to form an annular structure, a plasma generation chamber 11 is located between two magnetohydrodynamic generation chambers, one magnetohydrodynamic generation chamber is connected with one side of a regenerator 21 of one traveling wave thermo-acoustic engine, which is far away from a cooler 22, through one resonator 3, and the other magnetohydrodynamic generation chamber is connected with one side of the regenerator 21 of the other traveling wave thermo-acoustic engine, which is far away from the cooler 22, through the other resonator 3.
The working medium adopted by the thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic generating device is argon, and a small amount of cesium vapor is added in the plasma generating chamber 11 in order to increase the ionization degree of the argon. In operation, argon (containing small amounts of cesium) in the plasma generation chamber 11 will be heated to above 2000K and then form a higher conductivity plasma under the action of the rf power supply.
On the other hand, the high temperature of the plasma generating chamber 11 overflows to the hot ends of the two traveling wave thermo-acoustic engines, under the combined action of the coolers 22 of the traveling wave thermo-acoustic engines, a temperature gradient can be established in the heat regenerator 21, self-excited oscillation is generated in the gas in the heat regenerator 21, thermo-acoustic conversion is realized, the plasma in the power generating channel 13 is driven by sound waves to oscillate reciprocally, magnetic induction lines are cut, induced electromotive force is generated, and electric power output is realized through an external load.
The thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic generating device provided by the embodiment of the invention does not need a compressor and does not have moving parts, and the traditional closed magnetohydrodynamic generating device needs the compressor to realize the circulation and pressurization of working media, so that the complexity of a system is greatly increased, and the reliability is reduced; since the time-averaged flow of gas is zero, there is no concern about the circulation of ionized gas and the loss of seed gas, which is required to be added continuously by conventional systems to increase the electrical conductivity of the gas.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device comprising: a thermoacoustic engine and a plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation assembly;
the plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation assembly comprises a plasma generation chamber and a magnetohydrodynamic power generation chamber which are connected, and the thermoacoustic engine is connected with the magnetohydrodynamic power generation chamber;
the plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation assembly provides heat energy for the thermoacoustic engine, the plasma generation chamber is used for generating plasma, and the thermoacoustic engine can convert the heat energy into acoustic energy through thermoacoustic effect, so that the plasma in the magnetohydrodynamic power generation chamber can oscillate reciprocally.
2. The thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the thermoacoustic engine is one or more of a traveling wave thermoacoustic engine, a standing wave thermoacoustic engine, and a traveling standing wave hybrid thermoacoustic engine.
3. The thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the thermoacoustic engines are traveling wave thermoacoustic engines, the number of the traveling wave thermoacoustic engines is two, and the two traveling wave thermoacoustic engines are connected end to form a ring structure.
4. A thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device according to claim 3 wherein the number of magnetohydrodynamic power generation chambers is two, and wherein the two magnetohydrodynamic power generation chambers are connected in one-to-one correspondence with the two traveling wave thermoacoustic engines.
5. The thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device according to claim 4, wherein both of the magnetohydrodynamic power generation chambers are connected to both of the traveling wave thermoacoustic engines in one-to-one correspondence through a resonance tube.
6. The thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the thermoacoustic engine comprises a cooler and a regenerator connected in sequence, and wherein a side of the regenerator remote from the cooler is connected to the magnetohydrodynamic power generation chamber.
7. The thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device according to claim 6, wherein the thermoacoustic engine further comprises a heater disposed on a side of the regenerator remote from the cooler, the side of the heater remote from the regenerator being connected to the magnetohydrodynamic power generation chamber.
8. A thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device according to claim 1 wherein the gas working medium used in the plasma generation chamber is a readily ionizable gas.
9. A thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device according to claim 1 wherein the magnetohydrodynamic power generation chamber comprises a power generation channel, a magnetic member and at least one pair of electrodes;
the magnetic piece is arranged on the periphery of the power generation channel, the power generation channel is connected with the plasma generation chamber, and the at least one pair of electrodes are arranged in the power generation channel.
10. A thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation assembly further comprises a seed addition chamber connected to the plasma generation chamber, the seed addition chamber being for filling the plasma generation chamber with cesium or potassium vapor.
CN202210863637.8A 2022-07-20 2022-07-20 Thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device Pending CN117477893A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210863637.8A CN117477893A (en) 2022-07-20 2022-07-20 Thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210863637.8A CN117477893A (en) 2022-07-20 2022-07-20 Thermoacoustic plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117477893A true CN117477893A (en) 2024-01-30

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