CN117477721B - Battery cluster circulation control system and control method - Google Patents

Battery cluster circulation control system and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117477721B
CN117477721B CN202311451814.2A CN202311451814A CN117477721B CN 117477721 B CN117477721 B CN 117477721B CN 202311451814 A CN202311451814 A CN 202311451814A CN 117477721 B CN117477721 B CN 117477721B
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battery cluster
branch
battery
voltage
value
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CN117477721A (en
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孙鹏
李润源
郭傅傲
但悠然
倪力考
陈盈君
郭奕辰
张雪
周渠铖
程海锋
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Shanghai Investigation Design and Research Institute Co Ltd SIDRI
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery cluster circulation control system and a control method, wherein the battery cluster comprises a plurality of battery cluster branches connected in parallel, each battery cluster branch is connected with a first preset number of battery packs in series, and the battery cluster circulation control system comprises: the circulation suppression module and the data acquisition and control module; the circulation suppression module comprises a plurality of circulation suppression units which are respectively arranged in the battery cluster branches, the circulation suppression units are connected with a plurality of battery packs in the battery cluster branches in series, the circulation suppression units are provided with controllable switches, and the data acquisition and control module is connected with the controllable switches and controls the controllable switches to be opened or closed; the data acquisition and control module respectively acquires the real-time voltage value of each battery pack in the plurality of battery cluster branches, calculates the voltage value of each battery cluster branch and the voltage average value of each branch, classifies the plurality of battery clusters according to the voltage value comparison result, and performs charging and discharging according to the charging and discharging control instructions.

Description

Battery cluster circulation control system and control method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage battery control, in particular to a battery cluster circulation control system and a control method.
Background
At present, the structure of the electrochemical energy storage battery side in China is generally a multi-stage structure, and battery PACK is formed by connecting battery cells in series from the bottom layer to the battery cells. The battery clusters are formed by a certain number of PACKs, and a plurality of battery clusters are connected in parallel to form a battery stack. However, in the production and manufacturing process of the battery, certain differences exist in characteristics of the batteries, which results in that a plurality of battery clusters are applied to a system, and a pressure difference exists among the battery clusters, so that circulation among the battery clusters is caused. The battery circulation can cause insufficient charge and discharge among the battery clusters, so that the battery capacity loss and the temperature rise are caused, the battery attenuation is accelerated, and the available capacity of a battery system is reduced.
At present, when the battery cluster is assembled, performance screening is carried out aiming at batteries, and the consistency of the characteristics of the batteries is ensured in the production link as much as possible. Meanwhile, the consistency of the battery characteristics can be further improved by adopting a screening method, but the method is a passive consistency mode, and although the effect is remarkable, each battery still gradually has the difference along with the operation of the battery, so that the circulation problem is obvious again.
By analyzing the circulation, it is known that the circulation phenomenon occurs mainly due to the unequal voltages of the battery (pack), so that the battery (pack) with higher voltage charges the battery (pack) with lower voltage, and the circulation phenomenon occurs between the batteries (pack). Referring to fig. 1, in order to avoid the occurrence of the circulation phenomenon, a pre-charge circuit is added to each battery (pack). The precharge circuit is comprised of a resistor and a contactor as shown. Before the parallel battery system is ready to begin discharging to the outside (i.e., no loop is formed between the battery system and the load, and the main contactor is not closed), the contactors in the pre-charge loops of the respective batteries (groups) are closed, so that the N batteries (groups) in the battery system form a parallel relationship. When the pre-charge circuit of the N batteries (groups) is closed, the battery (group) with higher voltage charges the battery (group) with lower voltage until the voltages of all the batteries (groups) are basically balanced, and no circulation phenomenon exists in the circuit. When the precharge circuit is closed, the precharge time is detected or set for the current on each battery circuit by the current detecting element. And if the current on the battery pack branch is zero or the pre-charging time reaches a set value, the pre-charging loop in each battery (pack) is disconnected through the control of the management system, the main positive contactor on each battery (pack) branch is closed, the main contactor on the main loop is closed, and the parallel battery system can start discharging outwards.
The prior art balances the voltage between the parallel battery clusters based on pre-charge loops, i.e. the current is limited by the resistance between the parallel loops, the voltage between the loops is allowed to reach a substantial balance during the pre-charge phase, and then discharged or charged outwards. The method has the main problems that although the circulation can be limited through the current limiting resistor, the voltage balance among the batteries is finished depending on the size of the current limiting resistor, when the current limiting resistor is larger, the balancing time is longer, the external response speed of the battery system is influenced, and particularly the battery system for frequency modulation is influenced.
Meanwhile, the precharge resistor solution can only avoid the generation of the circulation in the initial stage of the external discharge of the battery system, but cannot inhibit the circulation phenomenon in the discharge process.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a battery cluster circulation control system and a control method, which solve the circulation problem among battery clusters and realize circulation inhibition among the battery clusters by adding reactance, resistance and controllable switch in each battery branch; meanwhile, the overall response speed of the battery system is not influenced, and the response rapidity of the battery system is ensured; in addition, the problem of current circulation inhibition in the charge-discharge process is solved.
To solve the above technical problem, a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery cluster circulation control system, where a battery cluster includes a plurality of parallel-connected battery cluster branches, each of the battery cluster branches is connected in series with a first preset number of battery packs, the battery cluster circulation control system includes: the circulation suppression module and the data acquisition and control module;
the circulation suppression module comprises a plurality of circulation suppression units which are respectively arranged in the battery cluster branches, the circulation suppression units are connected with a plurality of battery packs in the battery cluster branches in series, the circulation suppression units are provided with controllable switches, and the data acquisition and control module is connected with the controllable switches and controls the controllable switches to be opened or closed;
the data acquisition and control module respectively acquires the real-time voltage value of each battery pack in the plurality of battery cluster branches, calculates the voltage value of each battery cluster branch and the voltage average value of each branch, classifies the plurality of battery clusters according to the voltage value comparison result, and performs charging and discharging according to the charging and discharging control instructions;
the circulation suppression unit includes: a controllable switch and a reactance unit connected in series;
the controllable switch is electrically connected with the data acquisition and control module and is opened or closed according to a control signal of the data acquisition and control module;
the reactance unit includes: a loop current suppressing resistor and a loop current suppressing inductance connected in series.
Further, the battery cluster circulation control system further includes:
and the capacitor branch is connected with the plurality of battery cluster branches in parallel.
Further, the data acquisition and control module includes: the device comprises a battery detection unit, a voltage calculation unit, a battery voltage sequencing unit and a controllable switch control unit;
the battery detection unit is respectively connected with each battery pack in the plurality of battery cluster branches to obtain a real-time voltage value of the battery pack;
the voltage calculation unit is electrically connected with the battery detection unit, acquires a real-time voltage value of each battery pack, and calculates a voltage value of each battery cluster branch;
the battery voltage sequencing unit is electrically connected with the voltage calculation unit, and is used for respectively acquiring voltage values of a plurality of battery cluster branches, calculating voltage average values of all the battery cluster branches, comparing the voltage value of each battery cluster branch with the voltage average value, classifying the battery cluster branches into a first class branch if the voltage value of each battery cluster branch is larger than the voltage average value, and classifying the battery cluster branches into a second class branch if the voltage value of each battery cluster branch is smaller than or equal to the voltage average value;
the controllable switch control unit is electrically connected with the battery voltage sequencing unit, acquires category information of each battery cluster branch, and respectively controls the plurality of battery cluster branches of the first category branch to discharge and controls the plurality of battery cluster branches of the second category branch to charge according to the charge and discharge control instructions.
Further, the battery voltage sequencing unit compares the voltage value of each battery cluster branch with the voltage average value, if the voltage value of the battery cluster branch is greater than the sum of the voltage average value and the voltage judgment dead zone value, the battery cluster branch is classified into a first class branch, and if the voltage value of the battery cluster branch is less than or equal to the difference between the voltage average value and the voltage judgment dead zone value, the battery cluster branch is classified into a second class branch;
the voltage determination dead zone value DeltaV B The method comprises the following steps:
ΔV B ＝I C ×2R+I S ×L；
wherein I is C For the maximum value of the allowed circulating current in the battery cluster branch, R is the circulating current inhibition resistance value in the battery cluster branch, I S And L is the circulation suppression inductance value for the real-time current value in the battery cluster branch circuit.
Further, the data acquisition and control module further comprises a plurality of temperature detection units respectively arranged on the battery cluster branches, wherein the temperature detection units acquire real-time temperature values of the battery cluster branches;
the battery voltage sequencing unit receives the real-time temperature value of each battery cluster branch acquired by the temperature detection unit, and calculates the circulation suppression inductance in the battery cluster branchA temperature calibration coefficient, and calculating the voltage determination dead zone value DeltaV by combining the temperature calibration coefficient B ；
ΔV B ＝I C ×2R+I S ×L×k i ；
Wherein k is i I is the serial number of n battery cluster branches for the temperature calibration coefficient;
the temperature calibration coefficient k i The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein t is i1 For the real-time ambient temperature value, t, inside the ith battery cluster branch i2 For the i-th real-time temperature value, t of the loop current suppression inductor 0 And (3) a standard temperature value when the loop current suppression inductor operates.
Accordingly, a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a battery cluster circulation control method, for controlling any of the above battery cluster circulation control systems, including the following steps:
acquiring a real-time voltage value of each battery pack in a plurality of battery cluster branches based on a data acquisition and control module;
calculating the voltage value of each battery cluster branch and the average voltage value of each branch;
comparing the voltage value of each battery cluster branch with a voltage average value;
if the voltage value of the battery cluster branch is larger than the voltage average value, classifying the battery cluster branch into a first class branch;
if the voltage value of the battery cluster branch is smaller than or equal to the voltage average value, classifying the battery cluster branch into a second class branch;
receiving a charge and discharge control instruction, controlling a plurality of battery cluster branches to which the first class branch belongs to discharge according to the discharge control instruction, and controlling a plurality of battery cluster branches to which the second class branch belongs to charge according to the charge control instruction.
Further, the comparing the voltage value of each of the battery cluster branches with the average voltage value further includes:
comparing the voltage value of each battery cluster branch with the voltage average value and the voltage judgment dead zone value;
if the voltage value of the battery cluster branch is larger than the sum of the voltage average value and the voltage judgment dead zone value, classifying the battery cluster branch into a first class branch;
and classifying the battery cluster branches into a second class of branches if the voltage value of the battery cluster branches is smaller than or equal to the difference between the voltage average value and the voltage judgment dead zone value.
Further, the voltage determination dead zone value DeltaV B The method comprises the following steps:
ΔV B ＝I C ×2R+I S ×L；
wherein I is C For the maximum value of the allowed circulating current in the battery cluster branch, R is the circulating current inhibition resistance value in the battery cluster branch, I S And L is the circulation suppression inductance value for the real-time current value in the battery cluster branch circuit.
Further, after calculating the voltage value of each battery cluster branch and the average voltage value of each branch, the method further comprises:
acquiring a real-time temperature value inside each battery cluster branch;
acquiring a temperature calibration coefficient of each circulation suppression inductor according to the real-time temperature value;
calculating the voltage determination dead zone value DeltaV according to the temperature calibration coefficient B ：
ΔV B ＝I C ×2R+I S ×L×k i ；
Wherein k is i And i is the serial number of n battery cluster branches for the temperature calibration coefficient.
Further, the temperature calibration coefficient k i The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein t is i1 For the real-time ambient temperature value, t, inside the ith battery cluster branch i2 For the i-th real-time temperature value, t of the loop current suppression inductor 0 And (3) a standard temperature value when the loop current suppression inductor operates.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the reactance, the resistance and the controllable switch are added in each battery branch, so that the circulation problem among the battery clusters is solved, and the circulation inhibition among the battery clusters is realized; meanwhile, the overall response speed of the battery system is not influenced, the response rapidity of the battery system is ensured, and the problem of current circulation inhibition in the charge and discharge process is solved; in addition, by adding capacitor branches, the voltage of each branch is limited to be basically balanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art loop current suppression;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery cluster circulation suppression main loop structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery cluster circulation control principle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of a battery cluster circulation control provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by the following detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is only illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery cluster circulation control system, where a battery cluster includes a plurality of parallel-connected battery cluster branches, each of the battery cluster branches is connected in series with a first preset number of battery packs, and the battery cluster circulation control system includes: the circulation suppression module and the data acquisition and control module.
The circulation suppression module comprises a plurality of circulation suppression units which are respectively arranged in the battery cluster branch circuits, the circulation suppression units are connected with a plurality of battery packs in the battery cluster branch circuits in series, the circulation suppression units are provided with controllable switches, and the data acquisition and control module is connected with the controllable switches and controls the controllable switches to be opened or closed.
The data acquisition and control module respectively acquires the real-time voltage value of each battery pack in the plurality of battery cluster branches, calculates the voltage value of each battery cluster branch and the voltage average value of each branch, classifies the plurality of battery clusters according to the voltage value comparison result, and performs charging and discharging according to the charging and discharging control instructions.
As shown in fig. 2, the main circuit portion contains n battery cluster branches, B1, B2. In order to realize loop current inhibition, the invention adds a reactor L, a resistor R and a controllable switch S in each battery cluster branch, wherein the reactor has the main function of limiting the generation and the size of the loop current, and particularly can effectively inhibit the size of the loop current when the voltage unbalance occurs in each branch in the dynamic operation process. R is mainly used to suppress the circulation in steady state. The controllable switch can be a full-control type power electronic device or a mechanical switch capable of realizing rapid switching, and the main function of the controllable switch is to realize the basic balance of the voltages of all branches through the regulation and control of a control system so as to limit the generation of circulation. Through the basic configuration of the main loop, the voltage equality of each branch circuit can be effectively ensured, thereby limiting the generation of the circulation current among the branch circuits.
Further, the circulation suppression unit includes: a controllable switch and a reactance unit connected in series; the controllable switch is electrically connected with the data acquisition and control module and is opened or closed according to a control signal of the data acquisition and control module; the reactor unit includes: a loop current suppressing resistor and a loop current suppressing inductance connected in series.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the battery cluster circulation control system further includes: and the capacitor branch is connected with the plurality of battery cluster branches in parallel.
Further, the data acquisition and control module includes: the device comprises a battery detection unit, a voltage calculation unit, a battery voltage sequencing unit and a controllable switch control unit; the battery detection unit is respectively connected with each battery pack in the plurality of battery cluster branches to acquire a real-time voltage value of the battery pack; the voltage calculating unit is electrically connected with the battery detecting unit, acquires the real-time voltage value of each battery pack, and calculates the voltage value of each battery cluster branch; the battery voltage sequencing unit is electrically connected with the voltage calculation unit, and is used for respectively acquiring voltage values of a plurality of battery cluster branches, calculating voltage average values of all the battery cluster branches, comparing the voltage value of each battery cluster branch with the voltage average value, classifying the battery cluster branches into a first class branch if the voltage value of each battery cluster branch is larger than the voltage average value, and classifying the battery cluster branches into a second class branch if the voltage value of each battery cluster branch is smaller than or equal to the voltage average value; the controllable switch control unit is electrically connected with the battery voltage sequencing unit, acquires category information of each battery cluster branch, and respectively controls a plurality of battery cluster branches of the first category branch to discharge and controls a plurality of battery cluster branches of the second category branch to charge according to the charge and discharge control instructions.
Specifically, a schematic diagram of the data acquisition and control module is shown in fig. 2, and the schematic diagram comprises four parts, namely a battery detection unit, a voltage calculation unit, a battery voltage sequencing unit and a controllable switch control unit, wherein the battery detection unit monitors and manages the states of all batteries in the battery pack of the energy storage system, and the focus is to acquire the direct-current voltage of each battery pack. The voltage calculating unit is used for calculating the total voltage of the battery cluster branches, the battery voltage sequencing unit is used for respectively analyzing the voltages of the battery cluster branches to obtain a voltage average value and a voltage value of each battery cluster branch, and the controllable switch control unit is used for controlling the opening or closing of the controllable switch in each battery cluster branch according to the voltage state and the charge-discharge state of the battery system. Through the control link, the voltage of each battery string can be ensured to be basically balanced, and the generation of the circulating current is limited to the greatest extent.
Further, the battery voltage sorting unit compares the voltage value of each battery cluster branch with the voltage average value, if the voltage value of the battery cluster branch is greater than the sum of the voltage average value and the voltage determination dead zone value, the battery cluster branch is classified into the first class branch, and if the voltage value of the battery cluster branch is less than or equal to the difference between the voltage average value and the voltage determination dead zone value, the battery cluster branch is classified into the second class branch.
Further, the voltage determination dead zone value Δv B The method comprises the following steps:
ΔV B ＝I C ×2R+I S ×L；
wherein I is C For the maximum value of the allowed circulating current in the battery cluster branch, R is the circulating current inhibition resistance value in the battery cluster branch, I S And L is the circulation suppression inductance value for the real-time current value in the battery cluster branch circuit.
Further, the data acquisition and control module further comprises a plurality of temperature detection units which are respectively arranged on the battery cluster branches, and the temperature detection units acquire real-time temperature values of the battery cluster branches.
The battery voltage sequencing unit receives the real-time temperature value of each battery cluster branch acquired by the temperature detection unit, calculates the temperature calibration coefficient of the circulation suppression inductor in the battery cluster branch, and calculates the voltage judgment dead zone value delta V by combining the temperature calibration coefficient B ；
ΔV B ＝I C ×2R+I S ×L×k i ；
Wherein k is i I is the serial number of the branches of n battery clusters, which is the temperature calibration coefficient.
Specifically, the temperature calibration coefficient k i The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein t is i1 For the real-time ambient temperature value, t, inside the ith cluster branch i2 For the real-time temperature value, t, of the loop-suppressing inductance in the ith cluster branch 0 Is a standard temperature value when the circulation suppression inductor operates.
Specifically, the circulation current suppressing inductance has a slightly different rule that the inductance value changes along with the temperature change according to the different types of materials; if the common winding inductance is adopted, the temperature range of a common working scene of the energy storage battery system (for example, -20 ℃ to 60 ℃) is in the range. Therefore, the temperature calibration coefficient also corresponds to the ambient temperature of the inductor, when the temperature in the use environment of the battery cluster increases, the resistance performance in the inductor increases, and the heating loss of the conductor in the inductor element correspondingly increases, so that the inductance value of the inductor decreases relative to the nominal inductance value.
Accordingly, referring to fig. 4, a second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a battery cluster circulation control method for controlling any of the above battery cluster circulation control systems, including the following steps:
step S100, acquiring a real-time voltage value of each battery pack in a plurality of battery cluster branches based on a data acquisition and control module.
Step S200, calculating the voltage value of each battery cluster branch and the average voltage value of each branch.
V Bm ＝V 1m +V 2m +...+V nm ；
Wherein m is the number of battery cluster branches, n is the number of battery packs in the battery cluster branches, and V Bm For the voltage value of the battery cluster branch, V Ba Is the average value of the voltages of a plurality of battery cluster branches.
Step S300, comparing the voltage value of each battery cluster branch with the average voltage value.
In step S400, if the voltage value of the battery cluster branch is greater than the average voltage value, the battery cluster branch is classified into the first class branch.
In step S500, if the voltage value of the battery cluster branch is less than or equal to the average voltage value, the battery cluster branch is classified into the second class branch.
Step S600, receiving a charge and discharge control instruction, controlling a plurality of battery cluster branches to which a first class branch belongs to discharge according to the discharge control instruction, and controlling a plurality of battery cluster branches to which a second class branch belongs to charge according to the charge control instruction.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the detection accuracy, the voltage determination dead zone value is introduced into the determination process of the voltage average value, and the voltage value of each battery cluster branch is compared with the voltage average value, further comprising:
step S310, comparing the voltage value of each battery cluster branch with the voltage average value and the voltage determination dead zone value.
Wherein VFi is the voltage zone bit of the i branch, namely the branch larger than the average voltage is marked as 1, the branch smaller than the average voltage is marked as 0, and DeltaV B For the voltage determination dead zone, the value can be calculated by the following method:
ΔV B ＝I C ×2R+I S ×L
wherein I is C For the maximum value of the allowed circulating current in the battery cluster branch, R is the circulating current inhibition resistance value in the battery cluster branch, I S And L is the circulation suppression inductance value for the real-time current value in the battery cluster branch circuit.
In the invention, the loop current inhibition is realized by adding the loop current inhibition resistor and the loop current inhibition inductor in series in the battery cluster branch, and because the use environment of the energy storage battery is mostly an area with severe environment, the temperature change, namely the daily temperature difference is large, and in order to ensure the accuracy of loop current inhibition, the inductance value needs to be calibrated according to the change interval of the environment temperature.
Specifically, the temperature has a remarkable influence on the physical properties of the inductance material, and the material can undergo the phenomena of thermal expansion and cold contraction along with the rise of the temperature, so that the dimension is changed; the resistivity and inductance in the inductance will also change with temperature. When the temperature exceeds a specific temperature value, the inductance is reduced. In addition, the great change of temperature also has great influence on the coil and the magnetic core of the inductor, so that the impedance value of the coil is greatly changed, and the hysteresis loop and the inductance of the magnetic core are changed. All the above changes can cause the changes of the inductance value to influence the battery cluster circulation suppression effect.
Further, after calculating the voltage value of each battery cluster branch and the average value of the voltages of the respective branches, the method further comprises:
step S321, acquiring a real-time temperature value inside each battery cluster branch.
Step S322, obtaining a temperature calibration coefficient of each circulation suppression inductor according to the real-time temperature value; calculating a voltage determination dead zone value DeltaV according to the temperature calibration coefficient B ：
ΔV B ＝I C ×2R+I S ×L×k i ；
Wherein k is i And i is the serial number of n battery cluster branches for the temperature calibration coefficient.
Further, the temperature calibration coefficient k i The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein t is i1 For the real-time ambient temperature value, t, inside the ith cluster branch i2 For the real-time temperature value, t, of the ith loop current suppressing inductance 0 Is a standard temperature value when the circulation suppression inductor operates.
In the charge and discharge process, in order to realize the dynamic adjustment of each battery cluster branch, the classification of the battery cluster is adjusted according to the real-time voltage of the battery cluster branch, the inductance voltage value is taken into the consideration range of the voltage judgment dead zone value, and the environment temperature coefficient value of the inductance is further determined through the numerical interval of the environment temperature.
In step S410, if the voltage value of the battery cluster branch is greater than the sum of the average voltage value and the dead zone voltage value, the battery cluster branch is classified into the first class branch.
In step S510, if the voltage value of the battery cluster branch is less than or equal to the difference between the average voltage value and the dead zone voltage value, the battery cluster branch is classified into the second class branch.
Then in step S600, the voltage flag bit is transferred to the controllable switch trigger control device. And simultaneously reading a battery system charge and discharge control instruction from the energy management system. If the charge control command is the charge control command, a branch control switch marked as vf=1 is opened, charging is stopped for the unit with the voltage exceeding the average value, the branch control switch marked as vf=0 is closed, and charging is continued for the unit with the voltage lower than the average value. If the discharge is performed at this time, the branch control switch labeled vf=0 is turned on, the discharge is suspended by a unit having a voltage lower than the average value, the branch control switch labeled vf=1 is turned on, and the discharge is continued by a unit having a voltage lower than the average value. By adopting the mode, the unit with the voltage exceeding the allowable range is controlled to charge and discharge autonomously, so that the voltage balance is maintained.
The embodiment of the invention aims to protect a battery cluster circulation control system and a control method, wherein the battery cluster comprises a plurality of battery cluster branches connected in parallel, each battery cluster branch is connected with a first preset number of battery packs in series, and the battery cluster circulation control system comprises: the circulation suppression module and the data acquisition and control module; the circulation suppression module comprises a plurality of circulation suppression units which are respectively arranged in the battery cluster branches, the circulation suppression units are connected with a plurality of battery packs in the battery cluster branches in series, the circulation suppression units are provided with controllable switches, and the data acquisition and control module is connected with the controllable switches and controls the controllable switches to be opened or closed; the data acquisition and control module respectively acquires the real-time voltage value of each battery pack in the plurality of battery cluster branches, calculates the voltage value of each battery cluster branch and the voltage average value of each branch, classifies the plurality of battery clusters according to the voltage value comparison result, and performs charging and discharging according to the charging and discharging control instructions. The technical scheme has the following effects:
the reactance, the resistance and the controllable switch are added in each battery branch, so that the circulation problem among the battery clusters is solved, and the circulation inhibition among the battery clusters is realized; meanwhile, the overall response speed of the battery system is not influenced, the response rapidity of the battery system is ensured, and the problem of current circulation inhibition in the charge and discharge process is solved; in addition, by adding capacitor branches, the voltage of each branch is limited to be basically balanced.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explanation of the principles of the present invention and are in no way limiting of the invention. Accordingly, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all such changes and modifications that fall within the scope and boundary of the appended claims, or equivalents of such scope and boundary.

Claims (3)

1. A battery cluster circulation control system, characterized in that a battery cluster includes a plurality of parallel-connected battery cluster branches, each of the battery cluster branches is connected in series with a first preset number of battery packs, the battery cluster circulation control system comprising: the circulation suppression module and the data acquisition and control module;
the circulation suppression module comprises a plurality of circulation suppression units which are respectively arranged in the battery cluster branches, the circulation suppression units are connected with a plurality of battery packs in the battery cluster branches in series, the circulation suppression units are provided with controllable switches, and the data acquisition and control module is connected with the controllable switches and controls the controllable switches to be opened or closed;
the data acquisition and control module respectively acquires the real-time voltage value of each battery pack in the plurality of battery cluster branches, calculates the voltage value of each battery cluster branch and the voltage average value of each branch, classifies the plurality of battery clusters according to the voltage value comparison result, and performs charging and discharging according to the charging and discharging control instructions;
the circulation suppression unit includes: a controllable switch and a reactance unit connected in series;
the controllable switch is electrically connected with the data acquisition and control module and is opened or closed according to a control signal of the data acquisition and control module;
the reactance unit includes: a loop current suppressing resistor and a loop current suppressing inductance connected in series;
the data acquisition and control module comprises: the device comprises a battery detection unit, a voltage calculation unit, a battery voltage sequencing unit and a controllable switch control unit;
the battery detection unit is respectively connected with each battery pack in the plurality of battery cluster branches to obtain a real-time voltage value of the battery pack;
the voltage calculation unit is electrically connected with the battery detection unit, acquires a real-time voltage value of each battery pack, and calculates a voltage value of each battery cluster branch;
the battery voltage sequencing unit is electrically connected with the voltage calculation unit, and is used for respectively acquiring voltage values of a plurality of battery cluster branches, calculating voltage average values of all the battery cluster branches, comparing the voltage value of each battery cluster branch with the voltage average value, classifying the battery cluster branches into a first class branch if the voltage value of each battery cluster branch is larger than the voltage average value, and classifying the battery cluster branches into a second class branch if the voltage value of each battery cluster branch is smaller than or equal to the voltage average value;
the controllable switch control unit is electrically connected with the battery voltage sequencing unit, acquires category information of each battery cluster branch, and respectively controls the plurality of battery cluster branches of the first category branch to discharge and controls the plurality of battery cluster branches of the second category branch to charge according to the charge and discharge control instructions;
the battery voltage sequencing unit compares the voltage value of each battery cluster branch with the voltage average value, if the voltage value of the battery cluster branch is larger than the sum of the voltage average value and the voltage judgment dead zone value, the battery cluster branch is classified into a first class branch, and if the voltage value of the battery cluster branch is smaller than or equal to the difference between the voltage average value and the voltage judgment dead zone value, the battery cluster branch is classified into a second class branch;
the voltage determination dead zone value DeltaV B The method comprises the following steps:
ΔV B ＝I C ×2R+I S ×L；
wherein I is C For the maximum value of the allowed circulating current in the battery cluster branch, R is the circulating current inhibition resistance value in the battery cluster branch, I S The current value is the real-time current value in the battery cluster branch, and L is the circulation current suppression inductance value;
the data acquisition and control module further comprises a plurality of temperature detection units which are respectively arranged on the battery cluster branches, wherein the temperature detection units acquire real-time temperature values of the battery cluster branches;
the battery voltage sequencing unit receives the real-time temperature value of each battery cluster branch acquired by the temperature detection unit, calculates a temperature calibration coefficient of the circulation suppression inductor in the battery cluster branch, and calculates the voltage determination dead zone value delta V by combining the temperature calibration coefficient B ；
ΔV B ＝I C ×2R+I S ×L×k i ；
Wherein k is i I is the serial number of n battery cluster branches for the temperature calibration coefficient;
the temperature calibration coefficient k i The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein t is i1 For the real-time ambient temperature value, t, inside the ith battery cluster branch i2 For the i-th real-time temperature value, t of the loop current suppression inductor 0 And (3) a standard temperature value when the loop current suppression inductor operates.
2. The battery cluster circulation control system of claim 1, further comprising:
and the capacitor branch is connected with the plurality of battery cluster branches in parallel.
3. A battery cluster circulation control method for controlling the battery cluster circulation control system according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
acquiring a real-time voltage value of each battery pack in a plurality of battery cluster branches based on a data acquisition and control module;
calculating the voltage value of each battery cluster branch and the average voltage value of each branch;
comparing the voltage value of each battery cluster branch with a voltage average value;
if the voltage value of the battery cluster branch is larger than the voltage average value, classifying the battery cluster branch into a first class branch;
if the voltage value of the battery cluster branch is smaller than or equal to the voltage average value, classifying the battery cluster branch into a second class branch;
receiving a charge and discharge control instruction, controlling a plurality of battery cluster branches to which the first class branch belongs to discharge according to the discharge control instruction, and controlling a plurality of battery cluster branches to which the second class branch belongs to charge according to the charge control instruction;
the comparing the voltage value of each battery cluster branch with the average voltage value further comprises:
comparing the voltage value of each battery cluster branch with the voltage average value and the voltage judgment dead zone value;
if the voltage value of the battery cluster branch is larger than the sum of the voltage average value and the voltage judgment dead zone value, classifying the battery cluster branch into a first class branch;
if the voltage value of the battery cluster branch is smaller than or equal to the difference between the voltage average value and the voltage judgment dead zone value, classifying the battery cluster branch into a second class branch;
the voltage determination dead zone value DeltaV B The method comprises the following steps:
ΔV B ＝I C ×2R+I S ×L；
wherein I is C For the maximum value of the allowed circulating current in the battery cluster branch, R is the circulating current inhibition resistance value in the battery cluster branch, I S The current value is the real-time current value in the battery cluster branch, and L is the circulation current suppression inductance value;
after calculating the voltage value of each battery cluster branch and the average voltage value of each branch, the method further comprises the following steps:
acquiring a real-time temperature value inside each battery cluster branch;
acquiring a temperature calibration coefficient of each circulation suppression inductor according to the real-time temperature value;
calculating the voltage determination dead zone value DeltaV according to the temperature calibration coefficient B ：
ΔV B ＝I C ×2R+I S ×L×k i ；
Wherein k is i I is the serial number of n battery cluster branches for the temperature calibration coefficient;
the temperature calibration coefficient k i The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein t is i1 For the real-time ambient temperature value, t, inside the ith battery cluster branch i2 For the i-th real-time temperature value, t of the loop current suppression inductor 0 And (3) a standard temperature value when the loop current suppression inductor operates.
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