CN117466963A - 一种羟甲基的保护及脱保护方法 - Google Patents
一种羟甲基的保护及脱保护方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- KQIADDMXRMTWHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro-tri(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CC(C)[Si](Cl)(C(C)C)C(C)C KQIADDMXRMTWHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- -1 hydroxymethyl compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- ZGYICYBLPGRURT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(propan-2-yl)silicon Chemical group CC(C)[Si](C(C)C)C(C)C ZGYICYBLPGRURT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol Natural products OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 13
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical group C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OLXZPDWKRNYJJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-ol Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1C1CC(O)C(CO)O1 OLXZPDWKRNYJJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- XDPCNPCKDGQBAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxytetrahydrofuran Chemical compound OC1CCOC1 XDPCNPCKDGQBAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108091034117 Oligonucleotide Proteins 0.000 description 2
- JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-hydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl [5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] hydrogen phosphate Polymers Cc1cn(C2CC(OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)C(COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3CO)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)O2)c(=O)[nH]c1=O JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000848 adenin-9-yl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C1=C2N=C([H])N(*)C2=NC([H])=N1 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 2
- YKBGVTZYEHREMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-9-[4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-3h-purin-6-one Chemical compound C1=2NC(N)=NC(=O)C=2N=CN1C1CC(O)C(CO)O1 YKBGVTZYEHREMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKTSBUTUHBMZGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-1-[4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]pyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1C1OC(CO)C(O)C1 CKTSBUTUHBMZGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005594 diketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002777 nucleoside Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003833 nucleoside derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002515 oligonucleotide synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004192 tetrahydrofuran-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])OC([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
- C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
- C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
- C07H19/16—Purine radicals
- C07H19/173—Purine radicals with 2-deoxyribosyl as the saccharide radical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H1/00—Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
- C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
- C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
- C07H19/06—Pyrimidine radicals
- C07H19/073—Pyrimidine radicals with 2-deoxyribosyl as the saccharide radical
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种羟甲基的保护及脱保护方法,包括保护过程和脱保护过程:所述保护过程为:将含羟甲基化合物和三异丙基氯硅烷通过缩合反应,在羟甲基上修饰三异丙基硅烷基团;所述脱保护过程为:修饰三异丙基硅烷基团的羟甲基化合物在四丁基氟化铵作用下进行脱保护基反应,得到含羟甲基化合物。该方法利用具有氟敏感性的三异丙基氯硅烷作为羟甲基保护基,具有高选择性和高结合率的特点,且极易在四丁基氟化铵作用下水解脱除,脱除效率高,整个保护和脱保护过程简单,条件温和,反应速率快,有利于扩大生产应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种羟甲基的保护及脱保护方法,特别涉及一种利用三异丙基硅烷基团保护羟甲基以及三异丙基硅烷基团在四丁基氟化铵作用下脱保护的方法,属于有机合成技术领域。
背景技术
核酸合成过程中,碱基的5ˊ-OH的保护和脱保护过程是重要的环节。在核酸化学合成研究中,发展了一系列保护基,其中,采用Dimethoxytrityl(DMTr)用于5ˊ-OH的保护,具有良好的稳定性,且可在温和酸性条件下高效率定量脱除(Krotz,Achim;Cole,Douglas;Ravikumar,Vasulinga(1999)."Dimethoxytrityl Removal in Organic Medium:Efficient Oligonucleotide Synthesis Without Chlorinated Solvents".Nucleosidesand Nucleotides.18(6-7):1207-1209.)。但在寡核苷酸的合成中导致脱嘌呤等问题,最终导致在寡核苷酸的合成中出现错误率高和保真度低的问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的缺陷,本发明的目的是在于提供一种羟甲基的保护及脱保护方法,该方法利用具有氟敏感性的三异丙基氯硅烷作为羟甲基保护基,具有高选择性和高结合率的特点,且极易在四丁基氟化铵作用下水解脱除,脱除效率高,整个保护和脱保护过程简单,条件温和,反应速率快,有利于扩大生产应用。
为了实现上述技术目的,本发明提供了一种羟甲基的保护及脱保护方法,该方法包括保护过程和脱保护过程:
保护过程:将含羟甲基化合物和三异丙基氯硅烷通过缩合反应,在羟甲基上修饰三异丙基硅烷基团;
脱保护过程:修饰三异丙基硅烷基团的羟甲基化合物在四丁基氟化铵作用下进行脱保护基反应,得到含羟甲基化合物。
本发明选择三异丙基氯硅烷作为羟甲基保护基,其在温和条件下可以与羟甲基缩合形成((三异丙基甲硅烷基)氧基)甲基,其结合效率高达95%以上,而((三异丙基甲硅烷基)氧基)甲基极易在四丁基氟化铵催化作用下水解,恢复羟甲基,水解条件温和、反应速率快,水解效率达到99%以上。
作为一个优选的方案,所述含羟甲基化合物为碱基。具体例如A碱基、G碱基、C碱基或T碱基。碱基的呋喃环上同时包含5位羟甲基和4位羟基,而基于三异丙基氯硅烷特殊的空间位阻以及5位羟甲基的电子效应,三异丙基氯硅烷高选择性与5位羟甲基结合,副反应少。
作为一个优选的方案,所述三异丙基氯硅烷用量为含羟甲基化合物摩尔量的1~5倍。
作为一个优选的方案,所述缩合反应采用咪唑作为促进剂。咪唑作为碱性物质可以将缩合反应释放的酸结合,对缩合反应具有促进作用。
作为一个优选的方案,所述咪唑的用量为含羟甲基化合物摩尔量的2~3倍。
作为一个优选的方案,所述缩合反应的条件为:在室温下,反应2~3h。
作为一个优选的方案,所述缩合反应在DMSO溶剂介质中进行。
作为一个优选的方案,所述四丁基氟化铵的用量为修饰三异丙基硅烷基团的羟甲基化合物摩尔量的4~6倍。
作为一个优选的方案,所述脱保护基反应的条件为:在室温下反应,反应5~10秒。
本发明涉及的脱保护基反应如下反应式:
相对现有技术,本发明技术方案带来的有益技术效果:
1)本发明利用三异丙基氯硅烷作为羟甲基保护基,其结合效率高,合成产率≥95%。
2)本发明利用三异丙基氯硅烷作为羟甲基保护基,其选择性高,特别是对于碱基中的5位羟甲基具有高选择性。
3)本发明利用三异丙基氯硅烷作为羟甲基保护基,其具有氟敏性,易于在四丁基氟化铵作用下进行脱保护,脱保护效率达到99%以上,且也具有选择性。
4)本发明的羟甲基的保护及脱保护过程简单,条件温和,效率高,有利于扩大生产。
附图说明
图1为5-(6-氨基-9H-嘌呤-9-基)-2-((((三异丙基甲硅烷基)氧基)甲基)四氢呋喃-3-醇的核磁氢谱。
图2为5-(6-氨基-9H-嘌呤-9-基)-2-(羟甲基)四氢呋喃-3-醇的核磁氢谱。
图3为5-(6-氨基-9H-嘌呤-9-基)-2-(羟甲基)四氢呋喃-3-醇的核磁碳谱。
具体实施方式
以下具体实施例旨在进一步说明本发明内容,而不是限制权利要求的保护范围。
以下实施例中涉及的化学试剂均为常规的市售商品,涉及的化合物表征采用行业内常规的表征。
实施例1
A碱基上保护:
将5-(6-氨基-9H-嘌呤-9-基)-2-(羟甲基)四氢呋喃-3-醇(100mg,0.40mmol)、咪唑(54mg,0.80mmol)及三异丙基氯硅烷(307mg,1.6mmol)加入至25mL单颈瓶中,氮气保护,抽真空,用注射器往反应瓶中加入5mL无水DMSO,室温搅拌反应2.5h,TLC监控反应完全。加入50ml水,乙酸乙酯(20mL×3)萃取,分液,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(20mL×3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,粗品经柱层析(洗脱剂:二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1,三乙胺1%)分离,得白色固体146mg,分离收率89.4%,HPLC产率:99%。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.29(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),8.15(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),7.30(s,2H),6.37(t,J=6.6Hz,1H),5.42(d,J=4.1Hz,1H),4.50(p,J=4.3,3.8Hz,1H),3.93(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),3.79(q,J=6.6Hz,1H),2.81(dt,J=13.0,6.4Hz,1H),2.34(ddd,J=13.1,6.4,3.8Hz,1H),1.09-1.00(m,21H).
A碱基脱保护:
将5-(6-氨基-9H-嘌呤-9-基)-2-((((三异丙基甲硅烷基)氧基)甲基)四氢呋喃-3-醇(70mg,0.17mmol)溶于3ml四氢呋喃中,室温条件下,边搅拌边滴加四丁基氟化铵(0.86mmol,1M in THF),室温条件下继续搅拌5s,TLC监控反应完全,往反应液中直接加入硅胶,经柱层析(洗脱剂:二氯甲烷:甲醇=5:1,三乙胺1%)分离,得白色固体42mg,分离收率98.36%,HPLC产率:100%。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.34(s,1H),8.14(s,1H),7.31(s,2H),6.35(t,J=7.1Hz,1H),5.49-5.15(m,2H),4.42(s,1H),3.89(t,J=3.5Hz,1H),3.63(dt,J=9.0,4.3Hz,1H),3.53(dt,J=11.1,5.0Hz,1H),2.73(dt,J=13.6,6.8Hz,1H),2.39-2.14(m,1H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ156.54,152.84,149.34,140.04,119.72,88.45,84.44,71.44,62.37.
实施例2
G碱基上保护:
将2-氨基-9-(4-羟基-5-(羟甲基)四氢呋喃-2-基)-1H-嘌呤-6(9H)-酮(700mg,2.45mmol)、咪唑(334mg,4.91mmol)及三异丙基氯硅烷(943mg,4.91mmol)加入至25mL单颈瓶中,氮气保护,抽真空,用注射器往反应瓶中加入10mL无水DMSO,室温搅拌反应2.5h,TLC监控反应完全。加入100ml水,乙酸乙酯(30mL×3)萃取,分液,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(30mL×3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,粗品经柱层析(洗脱剂:二氯甲烷:甲醇=30:1,三乙胺1%)分离,得白色固体903mg,分离收率87%(同时考察),HPLC产率:95%。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.63(s,1H),7.86(s,1H),6.49(s,2H),6.13(t,J=6.7Hz,1H),5.36(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),4.39(d,J=5.3Hz,1H),3.96-3.80(m,2H),2.26(ddd,J=13.1,6.1,3.7Hz,1H),1.17-0.93(m,21H).
G碱基脱保护:
将2-氨基-9-(4-羟基-5-((((三异丙基甲硅烷基)氧基)甲基)四氢呋喃-2-基)-1H-嘌呤-6(9H)-酮(60mg,0.14mmol)溶于3ml四氢呋喃中,室温条件下,边搅拌边滴加四丁基氟化铵(0.71mmol,1M in THF),室温条件下继续搅拌5s,TLC监控反应完全,往反应液中直接加入硅胶,经柱层析(洗脱剂:二氯甲烷:甲醇=5:1,三乙胺1%)分离,得白色固体39mg,收率97.7%,HPLC产率:100%。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.67(s,1H),7.92(s,1H),6.46(s,2H),6.12(t,J=7.0Hz,1H),5.29(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),4.97(t,J=5.5Hz,1H),4.34(dt,J=6.1,3.0Hz,1H),3.81(p,J=3.0Hz,1H),3.54(dq,J=11.7,6.0,5.6Hz,2H),2.29-2.05(m,1H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ157.25,154.08,151.33,135.81,117.09,88.02,83.07,71.21,62.18.
实施例3
C碱基上保护:
将4-氨基-1-(4-羟基-5-(羟甲基)四氢呋喃-2-基)嘧啶-2(1H)-酮(700mg,3.08mmol)、咪唑(419mg,6.16mmol)及三异丙基氯硅烷(591mg,3.085mmol)加入至25mL单颈瓶中,氮气保护,抽真空,用注射器往反应瓶中加入10mL无水DMSO,室温搅拌反应3.5h,TLC监控反应完全。加入100ml水,乙酸乙酯(30mL×3)萃取,分液,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(30mL×3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,粗品经柱层析(洗脱剂:二氯甲烷:甲醇=30:1,三乙胺1%)分离,得白色固体1.01g,收率86%,HPLC产率:97.9%。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.79(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.33(s,1H),7.09(s,1H),6.17(t,J=6.4Hz,1H),5.70(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),5.30(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),4.27(dq,J=7.6,4.0Hz,1H),3.83(d,J=9.4Hz,2H),2.19(ddd,J=13.1,6.1,4.0Hz,1H),1.96(dt,J=13.1,6.4Hz,1H),1.20-0.97(m,21H).
C碱基脱保护:
将4-氨基-1-(4-羟基-5-((((三异丙基甲硅烷基)氧基)甲基)四氢呋喃-2-基)嘧啶-2(1H)-酮(60mg,0.156mmol)溶于3ml四氢呋喃中,室温条件下,边搅拌边滴加四丁基氟化铵(0.78mmol,1M in THF),室温条件下继续搅拌7s,TLC监控反应完全,往反应液中直接加入硅胶,经柱层析(洗脱剂:二氯甲烷:甲醇=5:1,三乙胺1%)分离,得白色固体34mg,收率97%,HPLC产率:100%。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.79(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.13(d,J=20.7Hz,2H),6.15(t,J=6.8Hz,1H),5.73(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),5.21(dd,J=4.0,1.9Hz,1H),5.07-4.85(m,1H),4.20(p,J=3.1Hz,1H),3.77(q,J=3.2Hz,1H),3.54(p,J=6.7,6.2Hz,2H),2.11(ddt,J=11.4,5.2,2.3Hz,1H),1.93(dt,J=13.5,6.8Hz,1H).13CNMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.01,155.61,141.44,94.43,87.64,85.36,70.88,61.84.
实施例4
T碱基上保护:
将1-(4-羟基-5-(羟甲基)四氢呋喃-2-基)-5-甲基嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮(700mg,2.89mmol)、咪唑(394mg,5.78mmol)及三异丙基氯硅烷(555mg,2.89mmol)加入至25mL单颈瓶中,氮气保护,抽真空,用注射器往反应瓶中加入10mL无水DMSO,室温搅拌反应4h,TLC监控反应完全。加入100ml水,乙酸乙酯(30mL×3)萃取,分液,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(30mL×3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,粗品经柱层析(洗脱剂:二氯甲烷:甲醇=30:1,三乙胺1%)分离,得白色固体1.03g,收率89.2%,HPLC产率:92.5%。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.39(s,1H),7.48(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),6.21(t,J=6.9Hz,1H),5.35(d,J=4.3Hz,1H),4.31(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),3.86(h,J=3.7,3.1Hz,2H),2.15(dd,J=7.0,4.6Hz,2H),1.81(s,3H),1.21-1.05(m,21H).
T碱基脱保护:
将1-(4-羟基-5-((((三异丙基甲硅烷基)氧基)甲基)四氢呋喃-2-基)-5-甲基嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮(100mg,0.24mmol)溶于3ml四氢呋喃中,室温条件下,边搅拌边滴加四丁基氟化铵(1.21mmol,1M in THF),室温条件下继续搅拌5s,TLC监控反应完全,往反应液中直接加入硅胶,经柱层析(洗脱剂:二氯甲烷:甲醇=5:1,三乙胺1%)分离,得白色固体58mg,收率98.8%,HPLC产率:113%.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.25(s,1H),7.69(s,1H),6.16(t,J=7.0Hz,1H),5.23(d,J=4.1Hz,1H),5.01(d,J=5.1Hz,1H),4.40-4.10(m,1H),3.76(q,J=3.2Hz,1H),3.58(tq,J=12.1,8.0,6.1Hz,2H),2.18-1.96(m,2H),1.77(s,3H).13C NMR(101 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ164.20,150.91,136.57,109.82,87.69,84.21,70.89,61.79,12.70.
Claims (9)
1.一种羟甲基的保护及脱保护方法,其特征在于:包括保护过程和脱保护过程:所述保护过程:将含羟甲基化合物和三异丙基氯硅烷通过缩合反应,在羟甲基上修饰三异丙基硅烷基团;
所述脱保护过程:修饰三异丙基硅烷基团的羟甲基化合物在四丁基氟化铵作用下进行脱保护基反应,得到含羟甲基化合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种羟甲基的保护及脱保护方法,其特征在于:所述含羟甲基化合物为碱基。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种羟甲基的保护及脱保护方法,其特征在于:所述三异丙基氯硅烷用量为含羟甲基化合物摩尔量的1~5倍。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种羟甲基的保护及脱保护方法,其特征在于:所述缩合反应采用咪唑作为促进剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种羟甲基的保护及脱保护方法,其特征在于:所述咪唑的用量为含羟甲基化合物摩尔量的2~3倍。
6.根据权利要求1、2、4或5所述的一种羟甲基的保护及脱保护方法,其特征在于:所述缩合反应的条件为:在室温下,反应2~3h。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种羟甲基的保护及脱保护方法,其特征在于:所述缩合反应在DMSO溶剂介质中进行。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种羟甲基的保护及脱保护方法,其特征在于:所述四丁基氟化铵的用量为修饰三异丙基硅烷基团的羟甲基化合物摩尔量的4~6倍。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种羟甲基的保护及脱保护方法,其特征在于:所述脱保护基反应的条件为:在室温下反应,反应5~10秒。
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