CN117466538B - Medium-alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as main raw material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Medium-alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as main raw material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117466538B CN117466538B CN202311810120.3A CN202311810120A CN117466538B CN 117466538 B CN117466538 B CN 117466538B CN 202311810120 A CN202311810120 A CN 202311810120A CN 117466538 B CN117466538 B CN 117466538B
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 19
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxocalcium;hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[Na+].[Ca]=O HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 9
- -1 alkali metal cations Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000629 Rh alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum rhodium Chemical compound [Rh].[Pt] PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006063 cullet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- DKAGJZJALZXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrate;hydrochloride Chemical compound O.Cl DKAGJZJALZXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101100321817 Human parvovirus B19 (strain HV) 7.5K gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006025 fining agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010731 rolling oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
- C03C1/002—Use of waste materials, e.g. slags
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a medium alkali glass fiber taking waste diatomite as a main raw material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the medium alkali glass fiber raw material comprises 10-50wt% of waste diatomite, 6-30wt% of sodium carbonate, 4-20wt% of calcite and 0-80wt% of medium alkali glass clinker, wherein the waste diatomite contains carbon and iron oxide, and is obtained by a thermal process of recycled wet diatomite for filtration; the preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, uniformly mixing all raw materials, grinding to obtain a batch, adding an additive to obtain a mixture, then melting the mixture to obtain glass liquid, water quenching to obtain mixture glass, and finally cleaning, selecting and decontaminating the mixture glass, and then drawing and drying to obtain the medium-alkali glass fiber taking waste diatomite as a main raw material. The medium-alkali glass fiber prepared by the method has high strength, corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, realizes energy conservation and environmental protection of the whole industrial chain, has great economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit, and has good development prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of glass fiber materials, and relates to a medium-alkali glass fiber taking waste diatomite as a main raw material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Diatomite is siliceous rock and has the physical characteristics of fineness, looseness, light weight, strong adsorptivity and the like. In recent years, as importance of video safety, environmental protection and the like is increasing, the adsorbent industry is rapidly developing, wherein diatomite is an adsorbent with wider use. At present, the main focus of researchers is to modify diatomite to improve adsorption efficiency and recycle the diatomite after recovery and purification, but the cost of the researches and the application is higher and the popularization difficulty is higher. In addition, the used waste diatomite is generally piled, buried and the like, which greatly causes environmental pollution.
In order to solve the problems, patent CN111592345a discloses a ceramic filter plate made of waste diatomite containing oil and a preparation method thereof, the patent uses waste diatomite containing oil as a fertilizer, rolling oil contained in the waste diatomite is utilized, excessive fuel is not needed to be supplemented in the sintering process, the energy consumption in the production process is reduced, the ceramic filter plate produced by the preparation process realizes the recycling treatment of the waste diatomite containing oil, environmental protection pressure of enterprises is reduced, and economic benefits of the enterprises are increased, however, the filter plate prepared by the patent has application limitation, is only applied to filtering aluminum liquid impurities, and the reprocessing of the diatomite ceramic plate after filtration is difficult and has low added value.
Therefore, the development of a product with high added value by taking waste diatomite as a raw material has very important significance for secondary application of diatomite.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a medium-alkali glass fiber taking waste diatomite as a main raw material and a preparation method thereof.
Aiming at the extremely high silicon dioxide content of diatomite, the prior art is difficult to independently melt and prepare the diatomite into glass products. The invention utilizes wet diatomite for filtering protein in beer in a beer factory, and carries out drying and carbonization through a thermal technology, firstly obtains waste diatomite, and then adds raw materials such as sodium carbonate, calcite, medium alkali glass clinker and the like according to a proportion to prepare the medium alkali glass fiber. The invention not only provides a preparation method of the medium-alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as a main raw material, but also further improves the performance of the medium-alkali glass fiber by adjusting the valence state of iron, realizes the energy-saving, environment-friendly and economic benefits of the whole industrial chain, and has a very good development prospect.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a medium alkali glass fiber using waste diatomite as main raw material, the raw material comprises 10-50wt% waste diatomite, 6-30wt% sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 Is the most important Na for preparing glass in industry 2 O source), 4-20wt% calcite (CaCO) 3 Is the source of the most main CaO for preparing glass in industry) and 0-80 wt% of medium alkali glass clinker, wherein the waste diatomite contains carbon and iron oxide, and is obtained by a thermal technology of recycled wet diatomite for filtering.
The waste diatomite contains carbon and iron oxide, and the carbon provides natural reducing atmosphere for the subsequent melting and wire drawing processes, so that when the iron oxide in the waste diatomite is prepared into glass fiber, ferrous iron is mainly used, and the ferrous iron is a typical glass network modifier like alkali metal cations, but compared with R-O bonds (R is K, na and the like), fe-O bonds have higher bond energy, which means that the glass network structure is more stable, and therefore, the physicochemical property of the glass fiber is more excellent.
As a preferable technical scheme:
the medium-alkali glass fiber with the waste diatomite as the main raw material comprises Y and carbon, wherein the mass of the carbon is 0.3-1.0wt% of that of the Y, and the components and the content of the Y are as follows: 93.0+ -2.0 wt% of silicon dioxide, 2.4+ -0.5 wt% of aluminum oxide, 2.0+ -0.3 wt% of sodium oxide, 1.3+ -0.3 wt% of iron oxide, 0.6+ -0.4 wt% of potassium oxide, 0.5+ -0.4 wt% of calcium oxide and 0.2+ -0.1 wt% of magnesium oxide.
The above-mentioned medium alkali glass fiber using waste diatomaceous earth as a main raw material, and the recovered wet diatomaceous earth for filtration is wet diatomaceous earth containing protein after the recovery of beverage such as filtered beer.
The medium-alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as a main raw material comprises X, protein and water, wherein the mass of the protein is 5.0-12.2wt% of the mass of the X, and the components and the content of the X are as follows: 93.0+ -2.0 wt% of silicon dioxide, 2.4+ -0.5 wt% of aluminum oxide, 2.0+ -0.3 wt% of sodium oxide, 1.3+ -0.3 wt% of iron oxide, 0.6+ -0.4 wt% of potassium oxide, 0.5+ -0.4 wt% of calcium oxide and 0.2+ -0.1 wt% of magnesium oxide.
The medium alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as a main raw material adopts a vacuum drying oven in a thermal process, and comprises the following steps:
(i) Placing the recovered wet diatomite for filtering into a vacuum drying oven, heating from room temperature to 180 ℃ at a rate of 5K/min, and preserving heat for 1.5-2 hours to perform pre-oxidation and dehydration;
(ii) And (3) after the step (i) is finished, vacuumizing is started, meanwhile, the temperature is raised to 500-600 ℃ at the speed of 5-10K/min, the temperature is kept for 6-10 h, and the protein can be effectively decomposed and carbonized while further dehydration is carried out.
The medium alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as the main raw material comprises 12-16wt% of alkali metal oxide (Na 2 O、K 2 O) soda lime silica glass comprising commercially available beer bottle cullet and laboratory designed formula. In general, the medium alkali glass fiber is easy to prepare but has lower strength and acid and alkali resistance, and the diatomite and the beer bottle are used for removing the wire drawing in the invention because the aluminum is contained in the medium alkali glass fiber 2 O 3 And Fe (Fe) 2 O 3 The strength is improved considerably.
The medium-alkali glass fiber taking waste diatomite as the main raw material has the diameter of 7-20 microns, the tensile strength of 1355.9-1793.5 MPa, the glass transition temperature of 539.4-571.3 ℃ and the mass retention rate of 93.5-98.2% after 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution is soaked for 24 hours.
A method for preparing the medium alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as a main raw material, comprising the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing all the raw materials, grinding to obtain a batch, and adding an additive to obtain a mixture;
(2) Melting the mixture obtained in the step (1) to obtain glass liquid, and performing water quenching to obtain mixture glass;
(3) And (3) cleaning, selecting and decontaminating the glass mixture obtained in the step (2), and then drawing and drying to obtain the medium-alkali glass fiber taking waste diatomite as a main raw material.
As a preferable technical scheme:
in step (1) of the method described above, the additive is a glass fining agent, such as CeO 2 And the addition amount of the additive is 0.1-0.5wt% of the addition amount of the batch;
in the step (2), the melting temperature is 1350-1450 ℃ (preferably 1400 ℃), and the melting time is 3-4 hours;
in the step (3), the wiredrawing temperature is 1200-1280 ℃, the impregnating compound is coated in the wiredrawing process, the drying temperature is 80-100 ℃, and the drying time is 8-12 h.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) According to the preparation method of the medium-alkali glass fiber taking waste diatomite as a main raw material, wet diatomite for filtering protein in beer in a beer brewery is utilized, drying and carbonization are carried out through a thermal technology, waste diatomite is obtained firstly, then the waste diatomite contains extremely high silicon dioxide, relatively high acid-resistant aluminum oxide and relatively high iron oxide, and soda ash, calcite and medium-alkali glass clinker are added according to a proportion by combining an optimized formula, so that the melting temperature is effectively reduced, and the energy conservation and the environmental protection of the whole industrial chain are realized.
(2) The medium-alkali glass fiber prepared by the invention and taking waste diatomite as a main raw material is compared with the conventional medium-alkali glass fiber in various performances, and the result shows that the medium-alkali glass fiber has the advantages of high strength, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and the like, has great economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit, and has good development prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of waste diatomaceous earth glass fibers prepared in example 5;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the tensile strength of glass fibers using waste diatomaceous earth as a main raw material prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 1;
FIG. 3 is a DSC chart of a glass fiber using waste diatomaceous earth as a main raw material prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1;
fig. 4 is an XRD pattern of the glass fiber using waste diatomaceous earth as a main raw material prepared in examples 1, 3, and 5 and comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in conjunction with the detailed description. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it is understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.
The following examples include broken beer bottle glass, formulation 1# and formulation 2# as follows:
TABLE 1
| Name of the name | SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | Na 2 O | Fe 2 O 3 | K 2 O | CaO | MgO | BaO | CeO 2 | VOC |
| Broken glass of beer bottle | 67.9wt% | 2.8wt% | 14.8wt% | 0.2wt% | 0.9wt% | 9.5wt% | 1.3wt% | 1.2wt% | 0.5wt% | 0.9wt% |
| Formula 1# | 64.0wt% | 4.5wt% | 13.5wt% | 0.5wt% | 1.0wt% | 10.5wt% | 5.0wt% | 0.8wt% | 0.2wt% | / |
| Formula 2# | 67.0wt% | 3.5wt% | 10wt% | 0.5wt% | 2.0wt% | 10.0wt% | 5.0wt% | 1.5wt% | 0.5wt% | / |
The test method of the correlation performance in each of the following examples is as follows:
tensile strength: testing was performed using a universal tester model 5969 manufactured by Instron, usa, according to GBT31290-2014 standard.
Glass transition temperature: grinding a sample, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, taking 10-30 mg to be measured, and heating the sample to be measured from 30 ℃ to 1200 ℃ at a rate of 10K/min by adopting a high-temperature synchronous thermal analyzer with the model of TGA/DSC < 3+ > manufactured by the company of Metrehler, switzerland, so as to obtain a result.
Mass retention rate after 24 hours of infiltration with 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution: taking a 10cm sample of the fiber, recording the weight of the fiber when not soaked as m Before soaking The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Soaking the sample in 1mol/L hydrochloric acid water solution in culture dish at 26 deg.c for 24 hr, and recording the soaked weight as m After soaking And finally, calculating to obtain a quality retention rate result, wherein a calculation formula is as follows: mass retention = m Before soaking /m After soaking The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein, the weighing instrument uses an electronic balance with the precision of 0.1mg.
The mass of the ferrous oxide accounts for the mass percentage of the total iron: iron ion valence tests and calculations were performed according to the GB/T34176-2017 standard using a TU-1950 model spectrophotometer manufactured by China general analysis Co.
Example 1
The preparation method of the medium-alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as a main raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing raw materials;
recovered wet diatomaceous earth for filtration: the recovered wet diatomite after filtering the beverage consists of X, protein and water, wherein the mass of the protein is 5wt% of the mass of the X, and the components and the content of the X are as follows: 93.7wt% of silicon dioxide, 2.1wt% of aluminum oxide, 2wt% of sodium oxide, 1.3wt% of iron oxide, 0.4wt% of potassium oxide, 0.3wt% of calcium oxide and 0.2wt% of magnesium oxide;
soda ash: na (Na) 2 CO 3 ；
Calcite;
medium alkali glass clinker: the beer bottle cullet in table 1;
additive: ceO (CeO) 2 ；
A sizing agent;
(2) Preparing waste diatomite;
placing the recovered wet diatomite for filtering into a vacuum drying oven, heating from room temperature to 180 ℃ at a rate of 5K/min, preserving heat for 1.5h, then starting vacuumizing, heating to 550 ℃ at a rate of 7.5K/min, and preserving heat for 8h to obtain waste diatomite;
the obtained waste diatomite consists of Y and carbon, wherein the mass of the carbon is 0.3wt% of the mass of the Y, and the components and the contents of the Y are as follows: 93.7wt% of silicon dioxide, 2.1wt% of aluminum oxide, 2wt% of sodium oxide, 1.3wt% of iron oxide, 0.4wt% of potassium oxide, 0.3wt% of calcium oxide and 0.2wt% of magnesium oxide;
(3) Uniformly mixing and grinding 10wt% of waste diatomite, 6wt% of sodium carbonate, 4wt% of calcite and 80wt% of medium-alkali glass clinker prepared in the step (2) to obtain a batch, and adding an additive to obtain a mixture; wherein the addition amount of the additive is 0.1wt% of the addition amount of the batch;
(4) Melting the mixture obtained in the step (3) for 3 hours at 1400 ℃ to obtain glass liquid, and performing water quenching to obtain mixture glass;
(5) And (3) cleaning, selecting and decontaminating the glass mixture obtained in the step (4), adding the glass mixture into a platinum-rhodium alloy crucible furnace, heating to 1350 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, drawing at 1200 ℃, coating an impregnating compound in the drawing process, and drying at 85 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the medium-alkali glass fiber taking waste diatomite as a main raw material.
The final medium-alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as main raw material has a diameter of 19.5 microns, a tensile strength of 1355.9MPa as shown in figure 2, a glass transition temperature of 539.4 ℃ as shown in figure 3, an amorphous state as shown in figure 4, a mass retention rate of 97.6% after soaking in 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution for 24 hours, and iron ion valence test according to GB/T34176-2017 standard, wherein the mass of ferrous oxide accounts for the percentage of the total iron mass%Fe 2+ /Σfe) is 87%.
Comparative example 1
A method for preparing medium-alkali glass fiber by taking waste diatomite as a main raw material, which basically differs from example 1 only in that: in the case of preparing waste diatomaceous earth in the step (2), the recovered wet diatomaceous earth for filtration is placed in a vacuum drying oven, and then dried alone without carbonization.
The final medium alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as main material has diameter of 19.5 microns, tensile strength of 783.65MPa as shown in figure 2, glass transition temperature of 540.7 deg.c, amorphous state as shown in figure 4, mass retention rate of 81.5% after soaking in 1mol/L hydrochloric acid water solution for 24 hr, iron ion valence test according to GB/T34176-2017 standard, and ferrous oxide mass as a percentage of total iron mass (Fe 2+ ?.
As can be seen from comparison of comparative example 1 and example 1, since the waste diatomaceous earth produced in comparative example 1 has too little carbon mass, it causes a decrease in tensile strength and acid resistance, because the addition of carbon powder during glass melting can form a reducing atmosphere, fe 3+ Is reduced to Fe 2+ While Fe 2+ Most glass network modifiers can replace Na + 、Ca 2+ Etc. provide coordination electrons for network forming bodies such as silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, etc. Fe 2+ The formed glass network structure is compared with Na + 、Ca 2+ The equal stability is stronger.
Example 2
The preparation method of the medium-alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as a main raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing raw materials;
recovered wet diatomaceous earth for filtration: the recovered wet diatomite after filtering the beverage consists of X, protein and water, wherein the mass of the protein is 8.5wt% of the mass of the X, and the components and the content of the X are as follows: 91% of silicon dioxide, 2.9% of aluminum oxide, 2.3% of sodium oxide, 1.6% of iron oxide, 1% of potassium oxide, 0.9% of calcium oxide and 0.3% of magnesium oxide;
soda ash: na (Na) 2 CO 3 ；
Calcite;
medium alkali glass clinker: formulation # 2 in table 1;
additive: ceO (CeO) 2 ；
A sizing agent;
(2) Preparing waste diatomite;
placing the recovered wet diatomite for filtering into a vacuum drying oven, heating from room temperature to 180 ℃ at a rate of 5K/min, preserving heat for 2 hours, then starting vacuumizing, heating to 500 ℃ at a rate of 5K/min, and preserving heat for 10 hours to obtain waste diatomite;
the obtained waste diatomite consists of Y and carbon, wherein the mass of the carbon is 0.6wt% of the mass of the Y, and the components and the contents of the Y are as follows: 91% of silicon dioxide, 2.9% of aluminum oxide, 2.3% of sodium oxide, 1.6% of iron oxide, 1% of potassium oxide, 0.9% of calcium oxide and 0.3% of magnesium oxide;
(3) Uniformly mixing 30wt% of waste diatomite, 18wt% of sodium carbonate, 12wt% of calcite and 40wt% of medium alkali glass clinker prepared in the step (2), grinding to obtain a batch, and adding an additive to obtain a mixture; wherein the addition amount of the additive is 0.3wt% of the addition amount of the batch;
(4) Melting the mixture obtained in the step (3) for 3 hours at 1400 ℃ to obtain glass liquid, and performing water quenching to obtain mixture glass;
(5) And (3) cleaning, selecting and decontaminating the glass mixture obtained in the step (4), adding the glass mixture into a platinum-rhodium alloy crucible furnace, heating to 1350 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, drawing at 1250 ℃, coating an impregnating compound in the drawing process, and drying at 85 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the medium-alkali glass fiber taking waste diatomite as a main raw material.
As shown in FIG. 2, the diameter of the finally prepared medium-alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as the main raw material is 12.7 micrometers, the tensile strength is 1634.6MPa, the glass transition temperature is 550.2 ℃, the mass retention rate is 98.2% after 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution is soaked for 24 hours, the iron ion valence test is carried out according to the GB/T34176-2017 standard, and the mass of ferrous oxide accounts for the percentage of the total iron mass (Fe 2+ /Σfe) of 91%。
Example 3
The preparation method of the medium-alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as a main raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing raw materials;
recovered wet diatomaceous earth for filtration: the recovered wet diatomite after filtering the beverage consists of X, protein and water, wherein the mass of the protein is 12.2wt% of the mass of the X, and the components and the content of the X are as follows: 95% of silicon dioxide, 1.9% of aluminum oxide, 1.7% of sodium oxide, 1% of iron oxide, 0.2% of potassium oxide, 0.1% of calcium oxide and 0.1% of magnesium oxide;
soda ash: na (Na) 2 CO 3 ；
Calcite;
medium alkali glass clinker: formulation # 1 in table 1;
additive: ceO (CeO) 2 ；
A sizing agent;
(2) Preparing waste diatomite;
placing the recovered wet diatomite for filtering into a vacuum drying oven, heating from room temperature to 180 ℃ at a rate of 5K/min, preserving heat for 1.8h, then starting vacuumizing, heating to 600 ℃ at a rate of 10K/min, and preserving heat for 6h to obtain waste diatomite;
the obtained waste diatomite consists of Y and carbon, wherein the mass of the carbon is 1wt% of the mass of the Y, and the components and the contents of the Y are as follows: 95% of silicon dioxide, 1.9% of aluminum oxide, 1.7% of sodium oxide, 1% of iron oxide, 0.2% of potassium oxide, 0.1% of calcium oxide and 0.1% of magnesium oxide;
(3) Uniformly mixing 40wt% of waste diatomite, 24wt% of sodium carbonate, 16wt% of calcite and 20wt% of medium-alkali glass clinker prepared in the step (2), grinding to obtain a batch, and adding an additive to obtain a mixture; wherein the addition amount of the additive is 0.4wt% of the addition amount of the batch;
(4) Melting the mixture obtained in the step (3) for 3 hours at 1400 ℃ to obtain glass liquid, and performing water quenching to obtain mixture glass;
(5) And (3) cleaning, selecting and decontaminating the glass mixture obtained in the step (4), adding the glass mixture into a platinum-rhodium alloy crucible furnace, heating to 1350 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, drawing at 1250 ℃, coating an impregnating compound in the drawing process, and drying at 85 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the medium-alkali glass fiber taking waste diatomite as a main raw material.
The final medium alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as main material has diameter of 15.8 microns, tensile strength of 1793.5MPa as shown in FIG. 2, glass transition temperature of 556.9 deg.C as shown in FIG. 3, amorphous state as shown in FIG. 4, mass retention rate of 98.1% after soaking in 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution for 24 hr, iron ion valence test according to GB/T34176-2017 standard, and ferrous oxide mass as a percentage of total iron mass (Fe 2+ ?.
Example 4
The preparation method of the medium-alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as a main raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing raw materials;
recovered wet diatomaceous earth for filtration: the recovered wet diatomite after filtering the beverage consists of X, protein and water, wherein the mass of the protein is 8.5wt% of the mass of the X, and the components and the content of the X are as follows: 91% of silicon dioxide, 2.9% of aluminum oxide, 2.3% of sodium oxide, 1.6% of iron oxide, 1% of potassium oxide, 0.9% of calcium oxide and 0.3% of magnesium oxide;
soda ash: na (Na) 2 CO 3 ；
Calcite;
additive: ceO (CeO) 2 ；
A sizing agent;
(2) Preparing waste diatomite;
placing the recovered wet diatomite for filtering into a vacuum drying oven, heating from room temperature to 180 ℃ at a rate of 5K/min, preserving heat for 2 hours, then starting vacuumizing, heating to 500 ℃ at a rate of 5K/min, and preserving heat for 10 hours to obtain waste diatomite;
the obtained waste diatomite consists of Y and carbon, wherein the mass of the carbon is 0.6wt% of the mass of the Y, and the components and the contents of the Y are as follows: 91% of silicon dioxide, 2.9% of aluminum oxide, 2.3% of sodium oxide, 1.6% of iron oxide, 1% of potassium oxide, 0.9% of calcium oxide and 0.3% of magnesium oxide;
(3) Uniformly mixing 50wt% of waste diatomite, 30wt% of sodium carbonate and 20wt% of calcite prepared in the step (2), grinding to obtain a batch, and adding an additive to obtain a mixture; wherein the addition amount of the additive is 0.5wt% of the addition amount of the batch;
(4) Melting the mixture obtained in the step (3) for 4 hours at 1400 ℃ to obtain glass liquid, and performing water quenching to obtain mixture glass;
(5) And (3) cleaning, selecting and decontaminating the glass mixture obtained in the step (4), adding the glass mixture into a platinum-rhodium alloy crucible furnace, heating to 1350 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, drawing at 1280 ℃, coating an impregnating compound in the drawing process, and drying at 100 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the medium-alkali glass fiber taking waste diatomite as a main raw material.
As shown in FIG. 2, the diameter of the finally prepared medium-alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as the main raw material is 8.7 micrometers, the tensile strength is 1768.3MPa, the glass transition temperature is 571.3 ℃, the mass retention rate is 96.8% after 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution is soaked for 24 hours, the iron ion valence test is carried out according to the GB/T34176-2017 standard, and the mass of ferrous oxide accounts for the percentage of the total iron mass (Fe 2+ ?.
Example 5
The preparation method of the medium-alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as a main raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing raw materials;
recovered wet diatomaceous earth for filtration: the recovered wet diatomite after filtering the beverage consists of X, protein and water, wherein the mass of the protein is 12.2wt% of the mass of the X, and the components and the content of the X are as follows: 95% of silicon dioxide, 1.9% of aluminum oxide, 1.7% of sodium oxide, 1% of iron oxide, 0.2% of potassium oxide, 0.1% of calcium oxide and 0.1% of magnesium oxide;
soda ash: na (Na) 2 CO 3 ；
Calcite;
medium alkali glass clinker: the beer bottle cullet in table 1;
additive: ceO (CeO) 2 ；
A sizing agent;
(2) Preparing waste diatomite;
placing the recovered wet diatomite for filtering into a vacuum drying oven, heating from room temperature to 180 ℃ at a rate of 5K/min, preserving heat for 2 hours, then starting vacuumizing, heating to 600 ℃ at a rate of 10K/min, and preserving heat for 6 hours to obtain waste diatomite;
the obtained waste diatomite consists of Y and carbon, wherein the mass of the carbon is 1wt% of the mass of the Y, and the components and the contents of the Y are as follows: 95% of silicon dioxide, 1.9% of aluminum oxide, 1.7% of sodium oxide, 1% of iron oxide, 0.2% of potassium oxide, 0.1% of calcium oxide and 0.1% of magnesium oxide;
(3) Uniformly mixing 40wt% of waste diatomite, 24wt% of sodium carbonate, 16wt% of calcite and 20wt% of medium-alkali glass clinker prepared in the step (2), grinding to obtain a batch, and adding an additive to obtain a mixture; wherein the addition amount of the additive is 0.1wt% of the addition amount of the batch;
(4) Adding the mixture obtained in the step (3) into a 20L electric melting tank furnace, melting for 3 hours at 1400 ℃, drawing by using a platinum-rhodium alloy drawing plate, coating a sizing agent in the drawing process, and drying for 12 hours at 85 ℃ to obtain the medium-alkali glass fiber (multifilament) taking waste diatomite as a main raw material.
The final medium alkali glass fiber (shown in figure 1) using waste diatomite as main raw material has diameter of 7.5 μm, tensile strength of 1478.9MPa, glass transition temperature of 553.7 ℃ as shown in figure 2, amorphous state as shown in figure 4, mass retention rate of 93.5% after soaking in 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution for 24 hours, iron ion valence test according to GB/T34176-2017 standard, and ferrous oxide mass as a percentage of total iron mass (Fe 2+ /Σfe) was 45%.
Claims (8)
1. The medium alkali glass fiber taking waste diatomite as a main raw material is characterized in that the raw material comprises 10-50wt% of waste diatomite, 6-30wt% of sodium carbonate, 4-20wt% of calcite and 0-80wt% of medium alkali glass clinker, wherein the waste diatomite is obtained by a thermal process of recycled wet diatomite for filtration; the waste diatomite consists of Y and carbon, wherein the mass of the carbon is 0.3-1.0wt% of the mass of the Y, and the components and the content of the Y are as follows: 91-95 wt% of silicon dioxide, 1.9-2.9 wt% of aluminum oxide, 1.7-2.3 wt% of sodium oxide, 1.0-1.6 wt% of iron oxide, 0.2-1.0 wt% of potassium oxide, 0.1-0.9 wt% of calcium oxide and 0.1-0.3 wt% of magnesium oxide.
2. The medium alkali glass fiber using waste diatomaceous earth as a main raw material according to claim 1, wherein the recovered wet diatomaceous earth for filtration is wet diatomaceous earth containing protein after the recovered filtered beverage.
3. The medium-alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as a main raw material according to claim 2, wherein the recycled wet diatomite for filtering consists of X, protein and water, wherein the mass of the protein is 5.0-12.2wt% of the mass of X, and the components and the content of X are as follows: 91-95 wt% of silicon dioxide, 1.9-2.9 wt% of aluminum oxide, 1.7-2.3 wt% of sodium oxide, 1.0-1.6 wt% of iron oxide, 0.2-1.0 wt% of potassium oxide, 0.1-0.9 wt% of calcium oxide and 0.1-0.3 wt% of magnesium oxide.
4. The medium alkali glass fiber using waste diatomite as main raw material according to claim 1, wherein the thermal technology adopts a vacuum drying oven, and the steps are as follows:
(i) The method comprises the steps of (1) placing recovered wet diatomite for filtering in a vacuum drying oven, heating from room temperature to 180 ℃ at a rate of 5K/min, and preserving heat for 1.5-2 h;
(ii) And (3) after the step (i) is finished, vacuumizing, heating to 500-600 ℃ at a speed of 5-10K/min, and preserving heat for 6-10 hours.
5. The medium alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as a main raw material according to claim 1, wherein the medium alkali glass clinker is soda lime silicate glass containing 12-16wt% of alkali metal oxide.
6. The medium-alkali glass fiber with waste diatomite as a main raw material according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the medium-alkali glass fiber is 7-20 microns, the tensile strength is 1355.9-1793.5 MPa, the glass transition temperature is 539.4-571.3 ℃, and the mass retention rate is 93.5-98.2% after 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution is soaked for 24 hours.
7. A method for preparing the medium alkali glass fiber using waste diatomite as a main raw material according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing all the raw materials, grinding to obtain a batch, and adding an additive to obtain a mixture;
(2) Melting the mixture obtained in the step (1) to obtain glass liquid, and performing water quenching to obtain mixture glass;
(3) And (3) cleaning, selecting and decontaminating the glass mixture obtained in the step (2), and then drawing and drying to obtain the medium-alkali glass fiber taking waste diatomite as a main raw material.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the step (1), the additive is a glass clarifier, and the additive amount is 0.1-0.5wt% of the additive amount of the batch;
in the step (2), the melting temperature is 1350-1450 ℃ and the melting time is 3-4 hours;
in the step (3), the wiredrawing temperature is 1200-1280 ℃, the impregnating compound is coated in the wiredrawing process, the drying temperature is 80-100 ℃, and the drying time is 8-12 h.
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| CN102992635A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-03-27 | 殷国忠 | Novel rock wool |
| CN107459260A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-12-12 | 东华大学 | It is a kind of using flyash as glass fibre of primary raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112030350A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-04 | 山西华康绿色建材有限公司 | Method for producing rock wool by using coal gangue |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102992635A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-03-27 | 殷国忠 | Novel rock wool |
| CN107459260A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-12-12 | 东华大学 | It is a kind of using flyash as glass fibre of primary raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112030350A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-04 | 山西华康绿色建材有限公司 | Method for producing rock wool by using coal gangue |
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