CN117461919A - High-grade positive pressure protective clothing and testing method - Google Patents
High-grade positive pressure protective clothing and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117461919A CN117461919A CN202311225454.4A CN202311225454A CN117461919A CN 117461919 A CN117461919 A CN 117461919A CN 202311225454 A CN202311225454 A CN 202311225454A CN 117461919 A CN117461919 A CN 117461919A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000030279 gene silencing Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 claims description 10
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/0002—Details of protective garments not provided for in groups A41D13/0007 - A41D13/1281
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D1/00—Garments
- A41D1/06—Trousers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
- A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
- A41D13/1107—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres characterised by their shape
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D19/00—Gloves
- A41D19/015—Protective gloves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D27/00—Details of garments or of their making
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D27/00—Details of garments or of their making
- A41D27/08—Trimmings; Ornaments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B3/00—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use
- A43B3/02—Boots covering the lower leg
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/30—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D46/62—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series
- B01D46/64—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series arranged concentrically or coaxially
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/003—Machine valves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides high-grade positive pressure protective clothing and a testing method, comprising a protective clothing main body, wherein the head of the protective clothing main body is provided with a face screen, the tail end of an arm of the protective clothing main body is connected with a glove, and the tail end of a leg of the protective clothing main body is connected with a protective boot; the protective clothing main body is provided with a zipper for wearing; an air inlet valve is arranged on the front surface of the protective clothing main body, a quick connector is connected to the air inlet valve, and the quick connector is fixed with the protective clothing main body through a fixing loop; an air charging pipeline connected with an air inlet valve is arranged in the protective clothing main body; the back of the protective clothing main body is provided with an exhaust valve. The gas pressure in the positive pressure protective clothing is higher than the gas pressure in the environment, so that the harm caused by exposure of experimental personnel to aerosol, radioactive dust, splashes, accidental contact and the like is prevented; meanwhile, the novel multifunctional mask has the functions of comfort in wearing, convenience in moving, bright vision of the mask, skid resistance of soles, smoothness in breathing and the like, and meets the operation requirements of experimental staff in the experimental process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of protective clothing, and particularly relates to high-grade positive pressure protective clothing and a testing method.
Background
When carrying out highly hazardous biological pollution, the operation object is often a pathogenic factor or pathogen with high individual and group harmfulness, and the pathogen is transmitted through aerosol and other ways, so that great high-risk infection risk is brought to operators. So that higher demands are placed on the protection of the relevant operators. At present, the protection to highly pathogenic microorganisms mainly adopts wearing goggles and masks, but the goggles and the masks can seriously influence the visual field of a wearer, so that the vision is blurred, the normal work and actions are seriously influenced, and the goggles and the masks have poorer protection safety. In order to improve the safety of individual biosafety, positive pressure protection technology is increasingly being used to develop biosafety with high safety.
The positive pressure protection technology not only can greatly improve equipment safety, but also can provide fresh air for breathing for a wearer, takes away heat and water vapor, and remarkably improves thermal comfort. In contaminated areas, it is a direct physical barrier that blocks personnel from exposure to aerosols, radioactive dust, splashes, and the like.
Currently, the key technical research level and product development capability of high-grade biosafety positive pressure protective clothing (hereinafter referred to as positive pressure protective clothing) in European and American developed countries are in the leading position. China is still in a starting stage in the aspects of positive pressure protective clothing research and development, and the demand for products is completely dependent on import, and research and detection platforms are relatively lagging. In order to meet the performance requirements of positive pressure protective clothing, corresponding protective clothing needs to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-grade positive pressure protective garment and a testing method, wherein the gas pressure in the positive pressure protective garment is higher than the gas pressure in the environment, so that the harm caused by exposure of experimental personnel to aerosol, radioactive dust, splashes, accidental contact and the like is prevented; meanwhile, the novel multifunctional mask has the functions of comfort in wearing, convenience in moving, bright vision of the mask, skid resistance of soles, smoothness in breathing and the like, and meets the operation requirements of experimental staff in the experimental process.
In order to achieve the technical characteristics, the aim of the invention is realized in the following way: a high-grade positive pressure protective suit comprises a protective suit body, wherein the head of the protective suit body is provided with a face screen, the tail end of an arm of the protective suit body is connected with a glove, and the tail end of a leg of the protective suit body is connected with protective boots; the protective clothing main body is provided with a zipper for wearing; an air inlet valve is arranged on the front surface of the protective clothing main body, a quick connector is connected to the air inlet valve, and the quick connector is fixed with the protective clothing main body through a fixing loop; an air charging pipeline connected with an air inlet valve is arranged in the protective clothing main body; the back of the protective clothing main body is provided with an exhaust valve.
The top end of the face screen is provided with a fixing ring;
the front chest of the protective clothing main body is provided with a nameplate.
The position where the protective boot is located is provided with a first pull ring.
The zipper is connected with a second pull ring.
The protective clothing main body is provided with a test interface;
the quick connector adopts a double self-sealing type internal thread quick connector.
The air charging pipeline comprises a high-efficiency filtering device connected with an air inlet valve, the high-efficiency filtering device is connected with a silencer, an outlet of the silencer is connected with a plurality of branch pipelines through a main air pipe to guide air flow to two legs, two hands, a head and a back, and the tail end of each branch pipeline is provided with silencing cotton which is fixed by a porous plastic plug; the main air pipe is fixed by the reinforcing sheet.
The plurality of branch pipelines comprise 7 branch pipelines, each branch pipeline comprises a head cover pipeline, a left arm pipeline, a right arm pipeline, a left back pipeline, a right back pipeline, a left foot pipeline and a right foot pipeline, and the 7 branch pipelines are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the protective clothing main body through films; the tail end of the head cover pipeline is connected with a head inflatable air bag, and the tail end of the head cover pipeline is provided with head silencing cotton; the left arm pipeline end is provided with left arm amortization cotton, the right arm pipeline end is provided with right arm amortization cotton, the left back pipeline end is provided with left back amortization cotton, the right back pipeline end is provided with right back amortization cotton, the left foot pipeline end is provided with left foot amortization cotton, the right foot pipeline end is provided with right foot amortization cotton.
The high-efficiency filtering device consists of a shell and a filtering filter element, wherein the shell is made of polyhexamethylene adipamide glass fiber reinforced material, and the outer wall of the shell is provided with round hole type holes; the filter element consists of a hydrophobic filter membrane, filament non-woven fabrics and glass fibers;
the silencer consists of porous cylindrical polyethylene, and the inner wall is formed by winding a plurality of layers of spiral rubber-plastic cotton;
the head inflatable air bag is a soft polyvinyl chloride inflatable air bag, surrounds the head and neck along the joint of the protective clothing main body and the face screen, is fixed with the face screen in a welding mode, is internally provided with porous silencing cotton, and is provided with a row of small holes at the upper part to discharge air flow from the face screen;
the film adopts a polyvinyl chloride film and is connected with the protective clothing main body in a high-frequency welding mode;
the testing method of the multifunctional positive pressure protective clothing comprises the steps of testing the performance of a main material, testing the performance of a surface screen material, testing the performance of main accessories and testing the overall performance;
testing the performance of a main material:
the main body material is used for verifying breaking strength, tearing strength, bursting performance, wear resistance and decontamination resistance by referring to ISO16604:2004, GB/T3923.1-2013, GB/T3917.2-2009, GB/T19976-2005, GB/T21196.2-2007 and GB24539-2021, wherein the breaking strength of the main body material is as follows: the warp direction is not less than 700N, and the weft direction is not less than 400N; tear strength: the warp direction is not less than 40N, and the weft direction is not less than 40N; burst performance: a steel ball with the diameter of 38+/-0.2 mm is propped from the front and is not less than 150N; abrasion resistance: grinding for not less than 500 times from the front; wash-out resistance: the strength is reduced by not more than 20% after being soaked for 30min by adopting quaternary ammonium salt and 2% peroxyacetic acid;
testing the performance of the panel material:
the panel material is verified on tensile strength, right-angle tear strength, optical performance by referring to GB/T1040-1992, QB/T1130-1991, GB/T2410-2008, GB/T2411-2008 and other standards, wherein the panel material has tensile strength: the longitudinal direction is not less than 30MPa, and the transverse direction is not less than 30MPa; right angle tear Strength: the longitudinal direction is not less than 60kN/m, and the transverse direction is not less than 60kN/m; the visible light transmittance is not less than 85%, the diopter mutual difference is +0.05/-0.07D, and the prismatic degree mutual difference is not more than 0.125 delta; shore hardness is not lower than 90;
main fitting performance test:
main accessories of the positive pressure protective clothing comprise a zipper, gloves, protective boots, an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve, and are used for carrying out comprehensive detection on main components, wherein:
testing of slide fastener: with reference to QB/T2171-2014, the flat pull strength of the zipper is not less than 200N; the upper stop strength is not less than 90N; the binding force of the pull tab of the pull head is not less than 250N; the reciprocating times are not less than 200 times; completely airtight isolation, and the safe use times are not lower than 200;
test of protective glove: experiments are carried out with reference to GB28881-2012, GB/T23462-2009, YY/T0689-2008 and GB24541-2009, wherein the penetration resistance of the protective glove meets the requirement of 4.3.1 in GB 28881-2012; the permeation resistance is not lower than level 2; no Phi-X174 phage leakage; wear and tear resistance not lower than grade 2 specified in GB 24541-2009;
test of protective boot: experiments were performed with reference to GB21148-2020, GB20265-2019, wherein the sole puncture resistance strength was not less than 1100N; the anti-skid coefficient meets the requirements of GB 20265-2019; the impact resistance meets the requirements of GB 21148-2020;
testing of the exhaust valve: the pressure control range is 150 Pa-200 Pa; the suck-back performance: the pressure 80kPa abs back suction flow is less than 20L/min; opening pressure: 50Pa-150Pa; product durability: the exhaust valve is opened to be closed for more than 1000 times;
testing of the air inlet valve: the inlet pressure is 300kpa to 500kpa; the flow regulation range of the air inlet valve is 470L/min-950L/min; product durability: in the normal use pressure range, the minimum to maximum of the air inlet valve can be adjusted for more than 1000 times;
and (3) overall performance test:
according to related standards at home and abroad, the protection factors, pressure, air tightness, air quantity, noise and carbon dioxide content of the positive pressure protective clothing are comprehensively tested according to GB/T24539-2021, EN943-1:2015, EN1073-1:2002, EN14594:2005 and EN13274-6:2002, wherein the protection factors of the positive pressure protective clothing are not less than 50000; air tightness: the pressure drop is not more than 10% after the storage for 4 minutes at 23 ℃ and 1000Pa test pressure; noise: no more than 70dB (A) at a flow rate of 500 l/min; and (3) air quantity control: minimum air volume 470l/min and maximum air volume 950l/min; carbon dioxide content: the carbon dioxide content in the inhaled air is not more than 1%; pressure: the static pressure is not more than 500Pa, and the maximum pressure is not more than 1200Pa.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the positive pressure protective clothing is isolated from the outside in a completely sealed mode, the inside of the protective clothing is continuously supplied with air through compressed air, so that the inside of the protective clothing is kept in a positive pressure environment, an air supply hose system is arranged in a protective clothing main body, the air flow is distributed at different positions, a flow regulator is arranged outside the air supply hose to regulate the flow, and 2 one-way exhaust valves are arranged in the protective clothing main body to continuously replace the air in the protective clothing. The whole positive pressure protective clothing enables staff to have good breathing environment by continuously sucking and discharging compressed air, and can effectively prevent the harm of pollutants such as biological and radioactive dust, aerosol and the like to the breathing system and the body surface of the human body by sealing and maintaining the positive pressure state in the clothing through the overpressure exhaust valve.
2. The positive pressure protective clothing adopts concentrated air intake, and can achieve the effect of simultaneously ventilating different parts of the body by respectively supplying air to the head and the limbs through the pipelines embedded in the protective clothing. The air exhaust mode determines the direction of the air flow in the protective clothing and also influences the internal pressure distribution. In order to prevent local short circuit of ventilation and low heat exchange efficiency, an air supply port and an air exhaust port are generally arranged at different parts of a body.
3. The invention is based on the development of the main body material of the positive pressure protective clothing, successfully develops the positive pressure protective clothing, and evaluates the key performances of the positive pressure protective clothing, such as the integral air tightness, the protection factor, the internal pressure, the positive pressure holding capacity, the noise, the air quantity, the carbon dioxide content and the like.
4. The invention improves the safety and stability of the domestic positive pressure protective clothing integrally by improving the materials and the manufacturing process. The developed high-grade biological safety positive pressure protective clothing has comprehensive performance evaluation, and provides powerful support for the establishment and perfection of relevant standards in the domestic field.
5. The filter element of the invention is composed of a hydrophobic filter membrane, filament non-woven fabrics and glass fibers, and the filtering efficiency of fine dust near 0.1 μm can reach 99.9999%.
6. The silencer consists of porous cylindrical polyethylene, and the inner wall is formed by winding a plurality of layers of spiral rubber-plastic cotton. The noise can be reduced by 20dB after passing through the muffler.
7. The head air-filling pipeline adopts the soft polyvinyl chloride air-filling air bag, the air bag surrounds the head and neck along the joint of the garment and the face screen, is fixed with the face screen in a welding mode, the inside of the air bag is provided with porous silencing cotton, the upper part of the air bag is provided with a row of small holes, and air flow is discharged from the face screen, so that the effects of protecting, ventilating and comfort are achieved.
8. The inflatable air bag 80 for the head cover is made of a soft polyvinyl chloride film, has the effect of relieving the neck under the action of air flow, has a circle of small holes on one side of the upper part close to the head cover for air circulation, takes away the heat of the head and the face of a worker, and simultaneously has the effect of quickly circulating mist on the head cover so as to ensure good illumination.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a front view of the exterior composition and structure of the positive pressure protective garment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a reverse side view of the exterior composition and construction of the positive pressure protective garment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the internal composition and structure of the positive pressure protective garment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional view of the high efficiency filter device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a front view of the high efficiency filter device of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a layout of the positive pressure protective garment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a piping distribution diagram of the positive pressure protective suit of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 face screen, 2 protective clothing body, 3 gloves, 4 zippers, 5 protective boots, 6 pull rings, 7 quick connectors, 8 fixed loops, 9 air inlet valves, 10 test interfaces, 11 pull rings, 12 nameplates, 13 fixed rings and 14 air outlet valves;
80 head inflatable air bags, 81 left arm lines, 82 right arm lines, 83 left arm silenced cotton, 84 right arm silenced cotton, 85 head silenced cotton, 86 film, 87 right back silenced cotton, 88 right back lines, 89 left back silenced cotton, 90 left back lines, 91 reinforcing sheets, 92 silencers, 93 high efficiency filter devices, 94 left foot lines, 95 left foot silenced cotton, 96 right foot lines, 97 right foot silenced cotton, 98 hood lines.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 to 7, a high-grade positive pressure protective suit comprises a protective suit body 2, wherein the head of the protective suit body 2 is provided with a face screen 1, the tail end of an arm of the protective suit body 2 is connected with a glove 3, and the tail ends of legs of the protective suit body 2 are connected with protective boots 5; the protective clothing main body 2 is provided with a zipper 4 for wearing; an air inlet valve 9 is arranged on the front surface of the protective clothing main body 2, a quick connector 7 is connected to the air inlet valve 9, and the quick connector 7 is fixed with the protective clothing main body 2 through a fixing loop 8; an air charging pipeline connected with an air inlet valve 9 is arranged inside the protective clothing main body 2; the back of the body 2 of the protective suit is provided with an exhaust valve 14. By adopting the structure, the gas pressure in the positive pressure protective clothing is higher than the gas pressure in the environment, so that the harm caused by exposure of experimental personnel to aerosol, radioactive dust, splashes, accidental contact and the like is prevented; meanwhile, the novel multifunctional mask has the functions of comfort in wearing, convenience in moving, bright vision of the mask, skid resistance of soles, smoothness in breathing and the like, and meets the operation requirements of experimental staff in the experimental process.
Further, a fixing ring 13 is arranged at the top end of the panel 1. The subsequent hooking and placing of the protective clothing are facilitated by the fixing ring 13.
Further, the front chest of the protective clothing main body 2 is provided with a nameplate 12. Corresponding information is conveniently recorded by the nameplate 12.
Further, a first pull ring 11 is arranged at the position where the protective boot 5 is located. The first pull ring 11 facilitates subsequent wearing and sealing of the protective boot 5.
Further, a second pull ring 6 is connected to the zipper 4. The second pull ring 6 facilitates the subsequent lifting of the zipper 4.
Further, the protective clothing main body 2 is provided with a test interface 10; the corresponding performance test of the protective clothing main body 2 is facilitated by the test interface 10.
Further, the quick connector 7 is a double self-sealing type internal thread quick connector. The subsequent supply of air to the inside of the body 2 of the protective suit is facilitated by the use of the quick connector 7.
Further, the air charging pipeline comprises a high-efficiency filtering device 93 connected with the air inlet valve 9, the high-efficiency filtering device 93 is connected with a silencer 92, the outlet of the silencer 92 is connected with a plurality of branch pipelines through a main air pipe to guide air flow to the two legs, the two hands, the head and the back, the tail end of each branch pipeline is provided with silencing cotton, and the silencing cotton is fixed by a porous plastic plug; the main air pipe is fixed by the reinforcing sheet 91. The air supply pipeline is convenient for supplying air to the inside of the protective clothing main body 2, and can effectively filter the supplied air, and in the air charging process, the protective clothing has a good silencing effect and reduces noise.
Further, 7 branch pipes are provided, including a hood pipe 98, a left arm pipe 81, a right arm pipe 82, a left back pipe 90, a right back pipe 88, a left foot pipe 94 and a right foot pipe 96,7, which are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the protective clothing main body 2 through the film 86; the tail end of the head cover pipeline 98 is connected with the head inflatable air bag 80, and the tail end of the head cover pipeline 98 is provided with head silencing cotton 85; the left arm pipeline 81 end is provided with left arm amortization cotton 83, the right arm pipeline 82 end is provided with right arm amortization cotton 84, the left back pipeline 90 end is provided with left back amortization cotton 89, the right back pipeline 88 end is provided with right back amortization cotton 87, the left foot pipeline 94 end is provided with left foot amortization cotton 95, and the right foot pipeline 96 end is provided with right foot amortization cotton 97.
Further, the high-efficiency filtering device 93 consists of a shell and a filtering core, wherein the shell is made of polyhexamethylene adipamide glass fiber reinforced material, and the outer wall of the shell is provided with round hole type holes; the filter element is composed of a hydrophobic filter membrane, filament non-woven fabrics and glass fibers, and can achieve the filtration efficiency of 99.9999% for fine dust near 0.1 μm.
Further, the muffler 92 is composed of porous cylindrical polyethylene, and the inner wall is formed by winding a plurality of layers of spiral rubber-plastic cotton. Noise can be reduced by 20dBA after passing through the muffler.
Further, the head inflatable air bag 80 is a soft polyvinyl chloride inflatable air bag, surrounds the head and neck along the joint of the protective clothing main body 2 and the face screen 1, is fixed with the face screen 1 in a welding mode, is internally provided with porous silencing cotton, and is provided with a row of small holes at the upper part so as to discharge air flow from the face screen 1; has the functions of protecting the skin, ventilation and comfort.
Further, the film 86 is formed of a polyvinyl chloride film and is connected to the body 2 of the protective garment by high frequency welding.
Preferably, the 7 branch pipelines are polyethylene pipes with the diameter of 10mm, the polyvinyl chloride films are fixed outside the 7 branch pipelines and are connected with the clothing by high-frequency welding, and the silencing cotton consists of square small holes with the length and the width of 0.1mm and the thickness of 4mm. The inflatable air bag 80 for the head cover is made of a soft polyvinyl chloride film, has the effect of relieving the neck under the action of air flow, has a circle of small holes on one side of the upper part close to the head cover, is used for air circulation, takes away the heat of the head and the face of a worker, and simultaneously has the effect of quickly circulating mist on the head cover so as to ensure that the mist has a good effect of keeping the face.
Example 2:
in order to ensure the quality and performance of the main material 2, the main material of the invention is composed of a three-layer composite structure of a framework layer double-sided coating polymer, the unit area mass of the framework layer fabric is 50-60g/m < 2 >, the base fabric is nylon 66, the weave structure adopts a plain weave structure, warp yarns are twisted, weft yarns are not twisted, and the specification is warp density: 180.+ -. 10/root/10 cm, weft yarn: 130+ -10/root/10 cm; the coating polymer is polyvinyl chloride, the base cloth is pretreated by a dipping method, the adhesive is coated on the base cloth, and then the base cloth is subjected to calendaring processing.
Further, the obtained main body material is subjected to performance verification by taking GB/T3923.1-2013, GB/T3917.2-2009, GB/T19976-2005, GB/T21196.2-2007 and GB24539-2021 as standards, so that no leakage of Phi-X174 phage is ensured to be caused; breaking strength of 1000N in warp direction and 700N in weft direction; tearing the strong warp direction by 100N and the weft direction by 80N; burst strength 300N; the wear resistance is not less than 5000 times from the front surface; the strength of the product after being decontaminated by the chemical decontaminating agent is reduced by not more than 10 percent; the strength is reduced by not less than 20% after high-temperature and low-temperature tests.
Example 3:
in order to achieve the quality and performance of the face screen 1, the face screen 1 takes polyvinyl chloride as a main material of the face screen, a plasticizer is DOA, the addition amount is 2% -3%, the resin is 1100-1000 in polymerization degree, a composite heat stabilizer is tri-salt stearic acid, the addition amount is 2% -3%, and then 0.5 part of tri-salt, 0.25 part of stearic acid, 0.3 part of calcium stearate, 2.5 parts of dispersing agent, 2.5 parts of titanium pigment, 0.4 part of antioxidant, 2 parts of soybean oil, 2.5 parts of reinforcing agent and pigment are added: 0.01. adding into a high-speed stirrer, starting the instrument, cooling after reaching a certain temperature, and taking out the pre-plasticized powder. Setting the temperature of a double mixing mill to 160 ℃, mixing the materials on the mixing mill for about 10min, adjusting the roll gap, discharging the sheet to obtain uniformly mixed PVC sheets, hot-pressing the PVC sheets in a flat vulcanizing machine, setting the temperature of the flat vulcanizing machine to 175 ℃, setting the pressure to 10MPa, hot-pressing for 5min, and keeping the pressure of the flat vulcanizing machine to 10MPa for 5min to obtain the sample.
Further, the panel material is subjected to performance verification by referring to GB/T1040-1992, QB/T1130-1991, GB/T2410-2008, GB/T2411-2008 and other standards, and the result shows that (1) the tensile strength is not less than 30MPa in the longitudinal direction and not less than 30MPa in the transverse direction; (2) the right-angle tearing strength is not less than 60kN/m in the longitudinal direction and not less than 60kN/m in the transverse direction; (3) the visible light transmittance is not less than 85%, the diopter mutual difference is +0.05/-0.07D, and the prismatic degree mutual difference is not more than 0.125 delta; the Shore hardness is not lower than 90 (Shore A). The surface screen manufactured by the method has good physical and mechanical properties, excellent optical properties and good visual field, can be welded with a main body material well, and shows good application performance.
Example 4:
the main accessories of the high-grade positive pressure protective clothing comprise zippers, protective gloves, protective boots, air inlet valves, air outlet valves and the like, and the main accessories of the high-grade positive pressure protective clothing are comprehensively detected in order to ensure the overall performance of the high-grade positive pressure protective clothing. The results are as follows.
1) Slide fastener: with reference to QB/T2171-2014, the flat pull strength of the zipper is not less than 200N; the upper stop strength is not less than 90N; the binding force of the pull tab of the pull head is not less than 250N; the reciprocating times are not less than 200 times; the air tightness is completely isolated, and the safe use times are not lower than 200.
2) Protective gloves: experiments were performed with reference to GB28881-2012, GB/T23462-2009, YY/T0689-2008, GB 24541-2009. The result shows that the penetration resistance of the protective glove meets the requirement of 4.3.1 in GB 28881-2012; the permeation resistance is not lower than level 2; no Phi-X174 phage leakage; wear and tear resistance is not lower than grade 2 specified in GB 24541-2009.
3) Protective boots: experiments were performed with reference to GB21148-2020, GB 20265-2019. The result shows that the puncture resistance of the boot sole is not less than 1100N; the anti-skid coefficient meets the requirements of GB 20265-2019; the impact resistance meets the requirements of GB 21148-2020.
4) And (3) an exhaust valve: the pressure control range is 150 Pa-200 Pa; the suck-back performance: the pressure 80kPa abs back suction flow is less than 20L/min; opening pressure: 50Pa-150Pa; product durability: the exhaust valve is opened to be closed for more than 1000 times.
5) Intake valve: the inlet pressure is 300kpa to 500kpa; the flow regulation range of the air inlet valve is 470L/min-950L/min; product durability: in the normal use pressure range, the minimum to maximum of the air inlet valve can be adjusted for more than 1000 times.
The test shows that the performance of the fitting manufactured by the invention is equivalent to that of the fitting of the foreign main stream positive pressure protective clothing, and partial performance is superior to that of the fitting abroad.
Example 5:
according to relevant standards at home and abroad, the invention establishes the whole performance test content and method of the positive pressure protective clothing and carries out comprehensive tests on the protective factors, the airtight noise, the air quantity, the carbon dioxide content and the pressure of the positive pressure protective clothing by referring to GB/T24539-2021, EN943-1:2015, EN1073-1:2002, EN14594:2005 and EN 13274-6:2002. The result shows that the protection factor of the positive pressure protective clothing is not less than 50000; air tightness: the pressure drop is not more than 10% after the storage for 4 minutes at 23 ℃ and 1000Pa test pressure; noise: no more than 70dB (A) at a flow rate of 500 l/min; and (3) air quantity control: minimum air volume 470l/min and maximum air volume 950l/min; carbon dioxide content: the carbon dioxide content in the inhaled air is not more than 1%; pressure: the static pressure is not more than 500Pa, and the maximum pressure is not more than 1200Pa. The positive pressure protective clothing developed by the method has excellent overall performance, and compared with the main stream positive pressure protective clothing abroad, partial performance exceeds that of the main stream positive pressure protective clothing abroad.
The working process and principle of the invention are as follows:
compressed air passes through the spiral pipe, enters the protective clothing through the double self-sealing type internal thread quick connector and the adjustable air inlet valve, and then is led to the two legs, the two hands, the head and the back through the 7 pipeline distribution systems after passing through the high-efficiency filtering device and the silencer, and the gas pressure in the protective clothing is higher than the gas pressure in the environment, so that the harm caused by exposure of experimental personnel to aerosol, radioactive dust, splashes, accidental contact and the like is prevented. Meanwhile, the novel multifunctional mask has the functions of comfort in wearing, convenience in moving, bright vision of the mask, skid resistance of soles, smoothness in breathing and the like, and meets the operation requirements of experimental staff in the experimental process.
Claims (10)
1. A high-grade positive pressure protective garment, characterized in that: the protective clothing comprises a protective clothing main body (2), wherein a face screen (1) is arranged at the head of the protective clothing main body (2), a glove (3) is connected with the tail end of an arm of the protective clothing main body (2), and a protective boot (5) is connected with the tail end of a leg of the protective clothing main body (2); the protective clothing main body (2) is provided with a zipper (4) for wearing; an air inlet valve (9) is arranged on the front surface of the protective clothing main body (2), a quick connector (7) is connected to the air inlet valve (9), and the quick connector (7) is fixed with the protective clothing main body (2) through a fixing loop (8); an air charging pipeline connected with an air inlet valve (9) is arranged in the protective clothing main body (2); the back of the protective clothing main body (2) is provided with an exhaust valve (14).
2. The high-grade positive pressure protective garment of claim 1, wherein: the top end of the face screen (1) is provided with a fixed ring (13);
the front chest of the protective clothing main body (2) is provided with a nameplate (12).
3. The high-grade positive pressure protective garment of claim 1, wherein: the position of the protective boot (5) is provided with a first pull ring (11).
4. The high-grade positive pressure protective garment of claim 1, wherein: the zipper (4) is connected with a second pull ring (6).
5. The high-grade positive pressure protective garment of claim 1, wherein: the protective clothing main body (2) is provided with a test interface (10);
the quick connector (7) is a double self-sealing type internal thread quick connector.
6. The high-grade positive pressure protective garment of claim 1, wherein: the air charging pipeline comprises a high-efficiency filtering device (93) connected with an air inlet valve (9), the high-efficiency filtering device (93) is connected with a silencer (92), the outlet of the silencer (92) is connected with a plurality of branch pipelines through a main air pipe to guide air flow to the two legs, the two hands, the head and the back, the tail end of each branch pipeline is provided with silencing cotton, and the silencing cotton is fixed by a porous plastic plug; the main air pipe is fixed by a reinforcing sheet (91).
7. The high-grade positive pressure protective garment of claim 6, wherein: the plurality of branch pipelines comprise 7 head cover pipelines (98), left arm pipelines (81), right arm pipelines (82), left back pipelines (90), right back pipelines (88), left foot pipelines (94) and right foot pipelines (96) respectively, and the 7 branch pipelines are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the protective clothing main body (2) through films (86) respectively; the tail end of the head cover pipeline (98) is connected with a head inflatable air bag (80), and the tail end of the head cover pipeline (98) is provided with head silencing cotton (85); left arm pipeline (81) end is provided with left arm amortization cotton (83), and right arm pipeline (82) end is provided with right arm amortization cotton (84), and left back pipeline (90) end is provided with left back amortization cotton (89), and right back pipeline (88) end is provided with right back amortization cotton (87), and left foot pipeline (94) end is provided with left foot amortization cotton (95), and right foot pipeline (96) end is provided with right foot amortization cotton (97).
8. The high-grade positive pressure protective garment of claim 6, wherein: the high-efficiency filter device (93) consists of a shell and a filter element, wherein the shell is made of polyhexamethylene adipamide glass fiber reinforced material, and the outer wall of the shell is provided with round hole type holes; the filter element consists of a hydrophobic filter membrane, filament non-woven fabrics and glass fibers;
the silencer (92) is made of porous cylindrical polyethylene, and the inner wall is formed by winding a plurality of layers of spiral rubber-plastic cotton.
9. The high-grade positive pressure protective garment of claim 6, wherein: the head inflatable air bag (80) is a soft polyvinyl chloride inflatable air bag, surrounds the head and neck along the joint of the protective clothing main body (2) and the face screen (1), is fixed with the face screen (1) in a welding mode, is internally provided with porous silencing cotton, is provided with a row of small holes at the upper part, and discharges air flow from the face screen (1);
the film (86) is made of polyvinyl chloride film and is connected with the protective clothing body (2) by high-frequency welding.
10. The method for testing a multifunctional positive pressure protective garment according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a body material performance test, a face screen material performance test, a main fitting performance test and an overall performance test;
testing the performance of a main material:
the main body material is used for verifying breaking strength, tearing strength, bursting performance, wear resistance and decontamination resistance by referring to ISO16604:2004, GB/T3923.1-2013, GB/T3917.2-2009, GB/T19976-2005, GB/T21196.2-2007 and GB24539-2021, wherein the breaking strength of the main body material is as follows: the warp direction is not less than 700N, and the weft direction is not less than 400N; tear strength: the warp direction is not less than 40N, and the weft direction is not less than 40N; burst performance: a steel ball with the diameter of 38+/-0.2 mm is propped from the front and is not less than 150N; abrasion resistance: grinding for not less than 500 times from the front; wash-out resistance: the strength is reduced by not more than 20% after being soaked for 30min by adopting quaternary ammonium salt and 2% peroxyacetic acid;
testing the performance of the panel material:
the panel material is verified on tensile strength, right-angle tear strength, optical performance by referring to GB/T1040-1992, QB/T1130-1991, GB/T2410-2008, GB/T2411-2008 and other standards, wherein the panel material has tensile strength: the longitudinal direction is not less than 30MPa, and the transverse direction is not less than 30MPa; right angle tear Strength: the longitudinal direction is not less than 60kN/m, and the transverse direction is not less than 60kN/m; the visible light transmittance is not less than 85%, the diopter mutual difference is +0.05/-0.07D, and the prismatic degree mutual difference is not more than 0.125 delta; shore hardness is not lower than 90;
main fitting performance test:
positive pressure protective clothing main accessory includes zip fastener (4), gloves (3), protective boot (5), admission valve (9) and discharge valve (14), detects to mainly carrying out comprehensively, wherein:
testing of slide fastener: with reference to QB/T2171-2014, the flat pull strength of the zipper is not less than 200N; the upper stop strength is not less than 90N; the binding force of the pull tab of the pull head is not less than 250N; the reciprocating times are not less than 200 times; completely airtight isolation, and the safe use times are not lower than 200;
test of protective glove: experiments are carried out with reference to GB28881-2012, GB/T23462-2009, YY/T0689-2008 and GB24541-2009, wherein the penetration resistance of the protective glove meets the requirement of 4.3.1 in GB 28881-2012; the permeation resistance is not lower than level 2; no Phi-X174 phage leakage; wear and tear resistance not lower than grade 2 specified in GB 24541-2009;
test of protective boot: experiments were performed with reference to GB21148-2020, GB20265-2019, wherein the sole puncture resistance strength was not less than 1100N; the anti-skid coefficient meets the requirements of GB 20265-2019; the impact resistance meets the requirements of GB 21148-2020;
testing of the exhaust valve: the pressure control range is 150 Pa-200 Pa; the suck-back performance: the pressure 80kPa abs back suction flow is less than 20L/min; opening pressure: 50Pa-150Pa; product durability: the exhaust valve is opened to be closed for more than 1000 times;
testing of the air inlet valve: the inlet pressure is 300kpa to 500kpa; the flow regulation range of the air inlet valve is 470L/min-950L/min; product durability: in the normal use pressure range, the minimum to maximum of the air inlet valve can be adjusted for more than 1000 times;
and (3) overall performance test:
according to related standards at home and abroad, the protection factors, pressure, air tightness, air quantity, noise and carbon dioxide content of the positive pressure protective clothing are comprehensively tested according to GB/T24539-2021, EN943-1:2015, EN1073-1:2002, EN14594:2005 and EN13274-6:2002, wherein the protection factors of the positive pressure protective clothing are not less than 50000; air tightness: the pressure drop is not more than 10% after the storage for 4 minutes at 23 ℃ and 1000Pa test pressure; noise: no more than 70dB (A) at a flow rate of 500 l/min; and (3) air quantity control: minimum air volume 470l/min and maximum air volume 950l/min; carbon dioxide content: the carbon dioxide content in the inhaled air is not more than 1%; pressure: the static pressure is not more than 500Pa, and the maximum pressure is not more than 1200Pa.
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| CN202311225454.4A CN117461919A (en) | 2023-09-21 | 2023-09-21 | High-grade positive pressure protective clothing and testing method |
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