CN117460655A - 用于在至少部分自动驾驶的车辆中增加自动驾驶比例的方法和装置 - Google Patents
用于在至少部分自动驾驶的车辆中增加自动驾驶比例的方法和装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117460655A CN117460655A CN202280041256.XA CN202280041256A CN117460655A CN 117460655 A CN117460655 A CN 117460655A CN 202280041256 A CN202280041256 A CN 202280041256A CN 117460655 A CN117460655 A CN 117460655A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- driver
- vehicle
- autopilot
- driving
- automatic driving
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000386 athletic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010801 machine learning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
- G07C5/08—Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle or waiting time
- G07C5/0816—Indicating performance data, e.g. occurrence of a malfunction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W60/00—Drive control systems specially adapted for autonomous road vehicles
- B60W60/005—Handover processes
- B60W60/0053—Handover processes from vehicle to occupant
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W40/00—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
- B60W40/02—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models related to ambient conditions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W40/00—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
- B60W40/08—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models related to drivers or passengers
- B60W40/09—Driving style or behaviour
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W50/0097—Predicting future conditions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W50/0098—Details of control systems ensuring comfort, safety or stability not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W50/04—Monitoring the functioning of the control system
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W50/08—Interaction between the driver and the control system
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W50/08—Interaction between the driver and the control system
- B60W50/082—Selecting or switching between different modes of propelling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W50/08—Interaction between the driver and the control system
- B60W50/085—Changing the parameters of the control units, e.g. changing limit values, working points by control input
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W50/08—Interaction between the driver and the control system
- B60W50/10—Interpretation of driver requests or demands
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W50/08—Interaction between the driver and the control system
- B60W50/14—Means for informing the driver, warning the driver or prompting a driver intervention
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W60/00—Drive control systems specially adapted for autonomous road vehicles
- B60W60/005—Handover processes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
- G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
- G06Q10/0639—Performance analysis of employees; Performance analysis of enterprise or organisation operations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/40—Business processes related to the transportation industry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0108—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data
- G08G1/0112—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data from the vehicle, e.g. floating car data [FCD]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0125—Traffic data processing
- G08G1/0129—Traffic data processing for creating historical data or processing based on historical data
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0137—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications
- G08G1/0141—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications for traffic information dissemination
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
- G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
- G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
- G08G1/096708—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the received information might be used to generate an automatic action on the vehicle control
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
- G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
- G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
- G08G1/096766—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission
- G08G1/096775—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission where the origin of the information is a central station
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W2050/0001—Details of the control system
- B60W2050/0019—Control system elements or transfer functions
- B60W2050/0028—Mathematical models, e.g. for simulation
- B60W2050/0029—Mathematical model of the driver
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2530/00—Input parameters relating to vehicle conditions or values, not covered by groups B60W2510/00 or B60W2520/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2556/00—Input parameters relating to data
- B60W2556/10—Historical data
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2556/00—Input parameters relating to data
- B60W2556/45—External transmission of data to or from the vehicle
- B60W2556/65—Data transmitted between vehicles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N20/00—Machine learning
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
- G07C5/008—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles communicating information to a remotely located station
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Human Resources & Organizations (AREA)
- Strategic Management (AREA)
- Economics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Educational Administration (AREA)
- Tourism & Hospitality (AREA)
- Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Entrepreneurship & Innovation (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Marketing (AREA)
- General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Development Economics (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Operations Research (AREA)
- Game Theory and Decision Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Primary Health Care (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
- Control Of Driving Devices And Active Controlling Of Vehicle (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于在至少部分自动驾驶的车辆中增加自动驾驶比例的方法,其中自动驾驶的条件被监控。在减少驾驶员人工接管的次数以利用针对交通流量、交通安全和能量平衡被优化设计的自动驾驶的优点的方法中,在满足自动驾驶的条件的情况下,通过模型预测通过人工车辆驾驶对自动驾驶的终止,在预测驾驶员会接管的情况下,向驾驶员输出信息,通过信息向驾驶员告知自动驾驶对驾驶情况的可靠掌控。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于在至少部分自动驾驶的车辆中增加自动驾驶比例的方法,其中自动驾驶的条件被监控,以及一种用于执行该方法的装置。
背景技术
DE 103 35 900A1公开了一种驾驶员辅助系统,该驾驶员辅助系统具有连接到传感器的模块,用于监控自动驾驶的条件。特别是在半自动驾驶车辆的情况下,由于缺乏信任或不确定性,驾驶员经常人工接管车辆驾驶。这对交通流量产生了负面影响,对交通安全和车辆的能量平衡产生了不利影响。
发明内容
本发明的目的是给出一种方法和一种装置,用于增加自动驾驶的比例,其中驾驶员人工接管的次数减少,以便利用针对交通流量、交通安全和能量平衡被优化设计的自动驾驶的优点。
本发明源自独立权利要求的特征。有利的改进方案和设计方案是从属权利要求的主题。本发明的进一步特征、可能的应用和优点来自于下面的描述以及图中所示的本发明的实施例的解释。
该任务由开头所述方法以如下方式实现:在满足自动驾驶的条件的情况下使用模型来预测人工车辆驾驶对自动驾驶的终止,在预测驾驶员会接管的情况下,向驾驶员输出信息,通过信息向驾驶员告知自动驾驶、即自动驾驶的车辆对驾驶情况的可靠掌控。驾驶员被告知不需要人工接管驾驶操作。该模型例如是经过训练的神经网络。该模型例如通过具有代表性的驾驶员被预先训练,并在车辆中实施。优选地,通过单个驾驶员个性化地进一步训练该模型,以便可以特定于驾驶员地预测人工接管车辆驾驶。一旦概率超过预定值,该模型就预测人工接管。如果在特定的驾驶情况下,很少进行人工接管,那么概率就低;如果经常甚至总是进行接管,那么概率就高。通过增加驾驶员对自动驾驶的信任,减少驾驶员人工接管驾驶操作的次数。自动驾驶的时间延长增加了交通安全,改善了交通流量。
有利的是,从自动驾驶的条件的监控中确定自动驾驶的功能质量,其中,在预测驾驶员会接管的情况下,仅在自动驾驶功能质量高于预定限值的情况下才向驾驶员输出信息。这确保了当自动驾驶的功能质量较低时,驾驶员接管人工驾驶操作的意图不受影响。在这种情况下,为了支持驾驶员的接管意图,车辆可以触发接管邀请。
在一种设计方案中,在未经邀请而人工接管车辆的情况下,并且在满足自动驾驶的条件的情况下,特别是在功能质量高于限值的情况下,向驾驶员告知在没有人工接管车辆的情况下假设的自动驾驶的驾驶操作数据会是怎样。这使驾驶员能够将人工的驾驶机动操纵与模拟的自动驾驶机动操纵进行比较,并重新考虑他的决定。
在一种变体中,通过驾驶员的行为、自动驾驶车辆的行为、驾驶情况和/或环境条件的数据训练模型,使得借助模型可以预测驾驶员在未经车辆邀请的情况下接管人工车辆驾驶的时间点。大量的数据使得能够非常精确地预测驾驶员对车辆驾驶的接管。特别是,该模型被特定于驾驶员个性化地存储和评估,这意味着预测总是可以使用分配给当前驾驶员的模型进行。
在一个实施方式中,模型存储在中央服务器上并使用来自车辆车队的数据进行训练。为此目的,就行为对车队中的驾驶员进行分类,各不同的模型利用各自分类的数据来训练,分类的数据是预测与驾驶员类别相对应的驾驶员的人工接管的基础。
有利的是,向驾驶员的信息输出通过功能图形、语音输出和/或文本输出进行。这确保根据相应的信息类型以及根据待传输的数据量使驾驶员可靠地获知信息。
在另一种设计方案中,在预测驾驶员未经接管邀请进行接管的情况下,通过改变自动驾驶车辆的行为来调整自动驾驶,以减小接管频率。在这种情况下,一旦由于相应的高概率而预测人工接管,驾驶参数,如速度或距离,就会迭代地或实验地或根据存储的综合特征曲线来改变。随着用于预测人工接管车辆的模型的训练继续进行,实际的、进而预测的接管的频率以及相关的驾驶员信息随着车辆的驾驶行为的变化而减少。在改变自动驾驶车辆的行为后,保持对驾驶员的信息输出,使得信息输出和驾驶行为的改变同时带来人工接管概率的降低。一旦由于接管概率的降低而不再提供驾驶员信息,理想情况下,由于驾驶行为的改变和驾驶员信任的增加,在相应的驾驶情况下不再发生人工接管车辆。在另一种变体中,在改变驾驶行为后,信息输出被抑制,并且只有当尽管在相关驾驶情况下改变了驾驶行为仍继续人工接管车辆时,才会再次激活。
在另一种变体中,在自动驾驶操作中通过服务器将车辆的被确定为有降低接管频率作用的驾驶参数传输到其他车辆。如果驾驶员经常在没有车辆邀请的情况下通过人工接管终止自动驾驶操作,则可以使用此措施。其目的是进一步提高驾驶员对自动驾驶的信任。
本发明的另一个方面涉及一种用于在至少部分自动驾驶的车辆中增加自动驾驶比例的装置,包括用于监控自动驾驶的条件的模块。在减少驾驶员人工接管次数以利用在交通流量、交通安全和能量平衡方面优化设计的自动驾驶的优点的装置中,设置具有存储模型的监控模块,用于预测驾驶员通过人工车辆驾驶终止自动驾驶的意图,其中,在满足自动驾驶的条件的情况下,在预测驾驶员会接管的情况下,动作单元,即控制设备,向驾驶员输出信息,通过信息向驾驶员告知自动驾驶,即自动驾驶的车辆对驾驶情况的可靠掌控。
有利的是,车辆车队中的每辆车辆的监控模块和/或动作模块都无线耦连到车辆外部服务器,用于分类出具有从自动驾驶到人工驾驶操作的相似接管特性的组。因此,可以对在一个车队的车辆中针对不同驾驶员训练的模型进行集中评估,并在必要时将其发送给驾驶员符合其中一个分类的车辆。
进一步的优点、特征和细节来自以下描述,其中至少一个实施例被详细描述--视情况参考附图。所描述和/或图示的特征可以单独地或以任何合理的组合构成本发明的主题,也可以独立于权利要求,并且特别地,还可以作为一个或多个单独申请的主题。相同的、类似的和/或功能相同的部件均标有相同的附图标记。
附图说明
在附图中:
图1示出了具有本发明装置的自动驾驶车辆的实施例,
图2示出了本发明方法的实施例。
具体实施方式
图1示出了具有本发明装置3的自动驾驶车辆1。装置3被设计为车辆助手,并且包括监控模块5,其中存储了用于预测驾驶员通过人工车辆驾驶终止车辆1的自动驾驶的意图的模型7。该监控模块5与动作模块9耦连,该动作模块9在预测驾驶员会接管的情况下在满足自动驾驶条件的情况下向驾驶员输出信息,通过该信息向驾驶员告知自动驾驶对驾驶情况的可靠掌控。为了输出该信息,动作模块9连接到用于将信息显示为功能图形或文本的显示单元11和用于语音输出的扬声器13。为了检查车辆1是否满足自动驾驶的条件,设置了用于监控自动驾驶条件的模块15,该模块也被引导到动作模块9。动作模块9、模块15和监控模块5或者作为独立的控制设备或者集成到一个控制设备中。
监控模块5借助传感器17,如摄像机、转向传感器、车辆1的生物特征传感器,连续地确定驾驶员的状态、注意力和行为,并将其输出到模型7。同时,交通数据、天气、道路路径、驾驶情况、一天中的时间等都被提供给模型7。利用所有这些数据,模型7被训练用于预测驾驶员自主地,即在没有车辆邀请的情况下,人工接管驾驶操作的时间点或特征,这意味着终止自动驾驶。模型7使用统计方法或机器学习方法。有利的是,其可以被设计成神经网络。模型7集成到其自身的控制设备中或与上述至少一个模块一起集成在一个控制设备中。
借助用于监控自动驾驶的模块15,针对自动驾驶所需的条件监控其功能质量。通过其他的传感器19观察车辆1的环境,例如道路使用者、障碍物、交叉口等。从监控中,动作模块9确定自动驾驶的当前功能质量,并将其与限值进行比较。如果确定的功能质量低于限值,则动作模块9自动向驾驶员发出用于引入人工驾驶操作的接管邀请,因为自动驾驶不再安全。
由于来自监控模块5和用于监控自动驾驶的模块15的数据在动作模块9中汇总,因此该动作模块控制与驾驶员通信所需的执行器,并将人工驾驶的机动操纵与模拟的(部分)自动的驾驶机动操纵进行比较。在预测的接管时间点之前,在预定的时长内向驾驶员输出信息。该时长在此取决于确定的功能质量与限值的差距,即功能质量越接近限值,信息输出的时长就越短。这可以确保即使在预测的接管时间点自动驾驶的功能质量也仍高于限值,因此始终确保驾驶安全性。
如果预测驾驶员在未经车辆1邀请的情况下人工接管驾驶操作,并且在满足自动驾驶的条件的情况下,即在功能质量高于限值的情况下,动作模块9向驾驶员输出关于假设的自动驾驶的驾驶操作数据在没有人工接管的情况下会是怎样的信息。这些信息可以包括在没有人工干预的情况下仍可自动驾驶的路段的长度,以及与人工驾驶相比,在继续自动驾驶时安全性提高的程度。为此,可以考虑检测到的、人工导致的与前车的小距离、超速、分心等。
此外,监控模块5无线连接到与车队的多个车辆通信的车辆外部服务器21,例如OEM数据中心或云应用程序。每个车辆1的监控模块5向车辆外部服务器21传送由各自模型7处理的数据以及预测的结果。车辆外部服务器21根据这些数据对车队的驾驶员进行分类。因此,其可以被归类为运动型、焦虑型或安全型。参照分类,训练适合预测所分类的驾驶员类型的驾驶员的接管的不同模型7。
监控模块5向车辆外部服务器21的反馈可用于校正、优化或调整对自动驾驶的控制。特别是,为此可以提取出所用模型7所基于的预测的特征值。此外,可以从车队的车辆1的各单个模型7中提取出自动驾驶的类似的使用行为的组。这使得能够开展对自动驾驶的特定于组地影响。
图2示出了本发明方法的实施例。在自动驾驶期间,在方框100中启动存储在车辆助手(装置1)中的方法。监控模块5在方框110中确定驾驶员人工接管驾驶操作的概率p。如果确定了高概率p(超过方框120中的概率阈值ps),从而确定了驾驶员即将进行人工接管,则向动作模块9输送相应的信号。同时,用于监控自动驾驶的模块15确定环境数据并由此确定自动驾驶的功能质量FG,这也在方框140中传输到动作模块9。在方框150中,将功能质量FG与限值GFG进行比较。如果在方框150中确定功能质量FG低于限值GFG,则在方框160中自动触发用于人工驾驶车辆的接管邀请,或者为了防止自动驾驶的系统故障而终止自动驾驶。
如果功能质量FG超过限值GFG,则通过动作模块9在方框170中开始与驾驶员的通信。选择合适的通信路径,以告知驾驶员自动驾驶的性能。因此,可以使用指示符号,例如绿灯,显示仪器13中的图标或类似等,其另外由文本信息支持。另外地或替代地,自动驾驶的驾驶行为,例如通过降低速度或增加与前车的安全距离,也可以被调整,以减小驾驶员打算人工接管车辆操作的概率p。
在方框180中,检查是否启动了人工驾驶操作。如果没有,则返回到方框110。在人工接管的情况下,方框190中的动作模块9计算当前人工接管的能量平衡、交通流量平衡和安全平衡与假设的继续自动驾驶(阴影模式)的差异。因此,驾驶员可以随后在方框200中被告知如果在自动驾驶期间行驶性能会是怎样。该信息也可以被用于在未来决定在自动驾驶与人工接管之间在能量平衡、交通流量平衡和安全平衡方面的差异被认为太小时是否基于预测的人工接管意图启动与驾驶员的通信。此外,如果在监控模块5中确定概率p太高,则可以使用该信息,因此即使通过通信也不可避免进行人工接管。随后,在方框210中终止该方法。
车辆助手的工作原理应通过以下应用进行更详细的说明。在该应用中,自动驾驶经常被单个驾驶员在高速公路入口前停用。记录驾驶员从控制自动驾驶的车辆助手到人工控制的各自接管请求的时间点t i。此外,存储在时间点t i的以及在各自时间点t i之前的时间段tn-i中的在监控模块5和用于监控自动驾驶的模块15中的特征值。在模型7中,在训练中,所记录的特征值与接管请求的高概率p相关联。在这里,模型7学习到,例如,在高速公路上行驶的驾驶模式以及接近高速公路入口的地理位置使得人工接管请求成为可能。如果车辆1现在与单个驾驶员一起在高速公路上行驶,在高速公路入口之前,动作单元9在车辆助手发送不需要人工接管的信息之前通知驾驶员。这发生在驾驶员自己有意识地决定提出人工接管请求之前。此外,在这种预测有人工接管的驾驶情况下,可以通过例如选择与前车的更大或更小的安全距离或高速公路上的中间或左侧车道,或者向环境发送附加通信,例如向在车辆环境中移动的道路使用者发送附加通信,来测试车辆1的驾驶行为的各种变化。如果驾驶员行为发生变化,则优选地不向驾驶员发送信息,以便能够观察该变化是进一步导致人工接管还是能够成功避免人工接管。如果一个变化成功地避免了人工接管,将其记录到驾驶员助手的驾驶档案中。因此,该模型学习到,在这种修改后的驾驶模式下,人工接管是不太可能的,因此,在这种驾驶模式下,在驾驶情况中不进行人工接管的预测和相关步骤。
车辆1的驾驶行为的这种变化可以在车辆助手中预定义,或者可以由系统在预定义的限度内探索性地学习。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于在至少部分自动驾驶的车辆中增加自动驾驶比例的方法,其中自动驾驶的条件被监控,
其特征在于,
在满足自动驾驶的条件的情况下,通过模型来预测由人工车辆驾驶对自动驾驶的终止,其中,在预测驾驶员会接管的情况下,向驾驶员输出信息,通过信息向驾驶员告知自动驾驶对驾驶情况的可靠掌控。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,
其特征在于,
从对自动驾驶的条件的监控中确定自动驾驶的功能质量,其中,在预测驾驶员会接管的情况下,仅在功能质量高于预定限值的情况下才向驾驶员输出信息。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,
其特征在于,
在未经邀请而人工接管车辆的情况下,并且在满足自动驾驶的条件的情况下,特别是在功能质量高于限值的情况下,向驾驶员告知在没有人工接管车辆的情况下假设的自动驾驶的驾驶操作数据会是怎样。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的方法,
其特征在于,
通过驾驶员的行为、自动驾驶的车辆的行为、驾驶情况和/或环境条件的数据训练所述模型,使得借助所述模型可以预测驾驶员在未经车辆邀请的情况下人工接管车辆驾驶的时间点。
5.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的方法,
其特征在于,
所述模型存储在中央服务器上并使用来自车辆车队的数据进行训练。
6.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的方法,
其特征在于,
向驾驶员的信息输出通过功能图形、语音输出和/或文本输出进行。
7.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的方法,
其特征在于,
在预测驾驶员会接管的情况下,通过改变自动驾驶的车辆的行为来调整自动驾驶,以减少接管频率。
8.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的方法,
其特征在于,
在自动驾驶操作中通过服务器将车辆的被确定为有降低接管频率作用的驾驶参数传输到其他车辆。
9.一种用于在至少部分自动驾驶的车辆中增加自动驾驶比例的装置,包括用于监控自动驾驶的条件的模块(15),
其特征在于,
监控模块(5)设置有用于预测驾驶员通过人工车辆驾驶终止自动驾驶的意图的存储模型(7),其中,在预测驾驶员会接管的情况下,在满足自动驾驶的条件的情况下,动作单元(9)向驾驶员输出信息,通过该信息向驾驶员告知自动驾驶对驾驶情况的可靠掌控。
10.根据权利要求9所述的装置,
其特征在于,
车辆车队中的每辆车辆(1)的监控模块(5)和/或动作模块(9)都无线耦连到车辆外部服务器(21),用于分类出具有从自动驾驶到人工驾驶操作的相似接管特性的组。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102021003073.7A DE102021003073B3 (de) | 2021-06-15 | 2021-06-15 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erhöhung der Anteile des automatisierten Fahrens bei einem mindestens teilautomatisiert fahrenden Fahrzeug |
DE102021003073.7 | 2021-06-15 | ||
PCT/EP2022/065050 WO2022263188A1 (de) | 2021-06-15 | 2022-06-02 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erhöhung der anteile des automatisierten fahrens bei einem mindestens teilautomatisiert fahrenden fahrzeug |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN117460655A true CN117460655A (zh) | 2024-01-26 |
Family
ID=82020723
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202280041256.XA Pending CN117460655A (zh) | 2021-06-15 | 2022-06-02 | 用于在至少部分自动驾驶的车辆中增加自动驾驶比例的方法和装置 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20240278810A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP4126621B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2024524103A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN117460655A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102021003073B3 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2022263188A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP4321402B1 (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2024-07-31 | Volvo Car Corporation | Driving monitoring system |
DE102023101537A1 (de) | 2023-01-23 | 2024-07-25 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren, System und Computerprogrammprodukt zum autonomen oder teilautonomen Betreiben eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10335900A1 (de) | 2003-08-06 | 2005-03-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fahrerassistenzsystem mit Vorrichtung zur Ausgabe eines Aktivierbarkeitshinweises |
KR101659034B1 (ko) * | 2015-01-20 | 2016-09-23 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 차량의 주행 모드 전환 장치 및 그 방법 |
DE102016214916B4 (de) * | 2016-08-10 | 2020-08-06 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kraftfahrzeugs und Kraftfahrzeug |
DE102017212222B3 (de) | 2017-07-18 | 2018-10-25 | Audi Ag | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Anzeigeeinrichtung eines Kraftfahrzeugs, Fahrerassistenzeinrichtung, und Kraftfahrzeug |
US20190168760A1 (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-06-06 | Steering Solutions Ip Holding Corporation | Driving style evaluation system and method |
DE102018126834A1 (de) * | 2018-10-26 | 2020-04-30 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Steuereinheit zur Anpassung eines zumindest teilweise automatisiert fahrenden Fahrzeugs an einen Nutzer |
DE102019101515A1 (de) | 2019-01-22 | 2020-07-23 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Überwachen von Fahrzeugfunktionen eines Fahrzeugs |
DE102019203369B4 (de) | 2019-03-12 | 2022-06-15 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur adaptiven Geschwindigkeitsregelung eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
-
2021
- 2021-06-15 DE DE102021003073.7A patent/DE102021003073B3/de active Active
-
2022
- 2022-06-02 US US18/570,166 patent/US20240278810A1/en active Pending
- 2022-06-02 JP JP2023577520A patent/JP2024524103A/ja active Pending
- 2022-06-02 WO PCT/EP2022/065050 patent/WO2022263188A1/de active Application Filing
- 2022-06-02 EP EP22731633.8A patent/EP4126621B1/de active Active
- 2022-06-02 CN CN202280041256.XA patent/CN117460655A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP4126621A1 (de) | 2023-02-08 |
EP4126621C0 (de) | 2024-01-24 |
WO2022263188A1 (de) | 2022-12-22 |
DE102021003073B3 (de) | 2022-07-07 |
US20240278810A1 (en) | 2024-08-22 |
EP4126621B1 (de) | 2024-01-24 |
JP2024524103A (ja) | 2024-07-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3727962B1 (en) | Method and system for human-like vehicle control prediction in autonomous driving vehicles | |
CN109711557B (zh) | 一种行车轨迹预测方法、计算机设备及存储介质 | |
US20220185295A1 (en) | Method and system for personalized driving lane planning in autonomous driving vehicles | |
CN117460655A (zh) | 用于在至少部分自动驾驶的车辆中增加自动驾驶比例的方法和装置 | |
CN109195850B (zh) | 用于产生用于基于规则进行驾驶员辅助的控制数据的方法 | |
CN111433103B (zh) | 用于自动驾驶车辆中的基于乘员对车辆运动的反应的适应性运动规划的方法和系统 | |
US20190187705A1 (en) | Method and system for personalized self capability aware route planning in autonomous driving vehicles | |
EP4155856A1 (en) | Self-learning method and apparatus for autonomous driving system, device, and storage medium | |
EP3410070B1 (en) | Information processing apparatus and information processing method | |
CN112699721B (zh) | 离开道路扫视时间的情境相关调整 | |
CN108733049A (zh) | 自适应自主车辆驾驶方式 | |
CN111413973A (zh) | 车辆的换道决策方法及装置、电子设备、存储介质 | |
CN114730186A (zh) | 用于运行车辆的自主行驶功能的方法 | |
CN113173170A (zh) | 基于人员画像个性化算法 | |
US12038290B2 (en) | Real time routing during high-risk road user encounters | |
CN113825666A (zh) | 用于个性化地使用通信装置的方法 | |
CN115136081A (zh) | 用于训练用于机动车的控制器的至少一个算法的方法、用于优化区域中的交通流的方法、计算机程序产品以及机动车 | |
EP3729001A1 (en) | Method and system for human-like driving lane planning in autonomous driving vehicles | |
US20210183240A1 (en) | Smart intersection with criticality determination | |
CN112445878A (zh) | 用于预测的方法、装置和车辆及存储介质和电子设备 | |
CN115909780B (zh) | 基于智能网联与rbf神经网络的高速路汇入控制系统与方法 | |
CN113043945A (zh) | 转向灯控制方法、系统、电子设备及计算机可读存储介质 | |
CN115817534A (zh) | 交互场景下车辆控制方法、装置和自动驾驶车辆 | |
CN118843573A (zh) | 向驾驶车辆的人员发出接管车辆控制的建议的车辆和方法 | |
CN118295517A (zh) | 提供用户专有信息的方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |