CN117454274A - Method and system for evaluating ecological resistance value of living area of wild animal - Google Patents
Method and system for evaluating ecological resistance value of living area of wild animal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wild animal protection, and discloses a method and a system for evaluating ecological resistance values of living areas of wild animals, wherein the ecological resistance values refer to barrier values of different wild animal species passing through grid areas; the method specifically comprises the following steps: determining a grid area; acquiring the distribution probability of different wild animal species in the grid area; determining road barrier effect indexes of different wild animal species in the grid area; evaluating the ecological resistance values of different wild animal species in the grid area; the species distribution probability of the wild animals in the grid area is obtained, the road avoidance distances of different wild animal species are calculated according to the species distribution probability, the road grade and the roads, the road weights and the road avoidance distances under different road grades, the ecological resistance values of different wild animals are calculated according to the species distribution probability and the road avoidance distances, and the more accurate ecological resistance values are obtained, so that the influence of the wild animal habitat fragmentation is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wild animal protection, in particular to a method and a system for evaluating ecological resistance value of a living area of a wild animal.
Background
Along with the development of traffic industry in Sanjiang source areas, road mileage and grade are continuously increased and improved, and adverse effects on blocking effect generated by migration and diffusion of wild animals, occupation and damage to habitat and the like are also improved. Larger animals in the fields of Tibetan antelope, tibetan donkey, tibetan original antelope and the like often pass through roads in order to obtain enough food and spouse, and are more easily affected by road obstruction. Therefore, for the barrier influence of road engineering, what response behavior is shown by wild animals is mainly driven and interfered by which factors, and whether the connectivity structures such as tunnels, bridges and culverts of the road engineering can effectively slow down the barrier influence to realize the maintenance of population survival is one of the problems to be solved urgently by road construction institutions, and is also a foundation for ensuring the coordinated development of road engineering construction and biodiversity protection under the ecological civilization construction background.
Species are required to continuously traverse a plurality of different terrain areas to finish species migration due to propagation, foraging and the like, so that the species are prevented from being blocked in the migration process of the different terrain areas, and the prior art often calculates a blocking value by constructing a resistance surface to enable the resistance surface to overcome resistance to obtain a diffusion path; in the prior art, based on species distribution suitability/probability of species distribution in a suitable area, resistance values of species passing through different areas are calculated by adopting 1-P (P is suitability/probability of distribution), but roads can be connected between different terrain areas and can be blocked by the roads, and blocking values can not be directly calculated according to species distribution, so that inaccurate calculation results are easily caused, and influence on wild animal habitat fragmentation still cannot be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method and a system for evaluating ecological resistance values of living areas of wild animals, which calculate ecological resistance values of different wild animals through species distribution probability and road avoidance distance, so as to aim at obtaining more accurate ecological resistance values and reduce influence of wild animal habitat fragmentation.
An ecological resistance value evaluation method for a living area of a wild animal, wherein the ecological resistance value refers to a barrier value of different wild animal species passing through a grid area; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1, determining a grid area, wherein the grid area is a living area of a wild animal;
s2, obtaining the distribution probability of different wild animal species in the grid area;
s3, determining road blocking effect indexes of different wild animal species in the grid area;
and S4, evaluating the ecological resistance values of different wild animal species in the grid area according to the distribution probability and the road barrier effect index.
Further, the step S1 of determining the grid area specifically includes the following steps:
step S11, obtaining a vector range of a living area of a wild animal; the vector range refers to the size of the living area of the wild animals;
step S12, creating a grid capable of completely covering the vector range;
and S13, eliminating the grids outside the vector range to obtain a grid range in the vector range.
Further, the grid area is 250m×250m.
Further, the step S2 of obtaining the distribution probability of different wild animal species in the grid area specifically includes the following steps:
step S21, obtaining environmental factor data of the road and the surrounding environment under each road grade;
step S22, obtaining distribution point location data of different wild animal species under each road grade; the distribution point location data refer to the distribution quantity of different wild animals under different road grades in the grid area;
and S23, inputting the environmental factor data in the step S21 and the distribution point location data in the step S22 into a species distribution model, and obtaining the distribution probability of different wild animal species in the road under each road grade.
Further, the environmental factor data in the step S21 is selected according to habitat suitability of different wild animal species, including: precipitation, air temperature, land coverage index, human footprint data.
Further, the determination of the road blocking effect index specifically includes the following steps:
step S31, obtaining road information in the grid area, wherein the road information comprises road grade and road weight;
step S32, determining the total length of the road under each road grade according to the road information in step S31;
step S33, determining avoidance distances of different wild animal species under different road grades according to the road information in the step S31;
step S34, calculating road blocking effect indexes of different wild animal species according to the road information, the total road length under each road grade, the avoidance distances of different wild animal species under different road grades and the distribution probability of different wild animal species in step S2.
Further, the road blocking effect index in the step S34 is:
；
wherein: i is road blocking effect index, n is road grade in grid area, a i For the road weight, L, under the i-level road in the grid area i For the total length of the road under the i-level road in the grid area and D i The probability is that the avoidance distances of different wild animal species are in the i-level roads in the grid area, M is the grid area, and P is the distribution probability of different wild animal species in the i-level roads in the grid area and the surrounding environment thereof.
Further, the ecological resistance value in the step S4 is:；
wherein j is the species of different wild animals,the ecological resistance value of the wild animals of the j types in the grid area is obtained.
Further, the avoidance distance refers to the blocking distance of different wild animal species under different road grades;
in the step S33, avoidance distances of different wild animal species under different road grades are determined according to the road information, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S331, recording the species name, the species number and the species type when species entities or species traces are found on two sides of different roads under different road grades;
step S332, measuring the vertical distance between different wild animal species and the road under different road grades; step S333, screening out the maximum vertical distance and the minimum vertical distance between different wild animals and the road in the step S332, and calculating the average value through the maximum vertical distance and the minimum vertical distance to determine the avoidance distance of different wild animals to the road under different road grades.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wild animal living area ecological resistance value evaluation system for use in the above method for evaluating a wild animal living area ecological resistance value, comprising:
grid module: for determining a grid area;
the road information acquisition module: the method comprises the steps of acquiring road grades and road weights in all grid areas in the living range of wild animals;
a first acquisition unit: the acquisition module is connected with the road total length acquisition module and is used for acquiring the road total length under each road grade;
a second acquisition unit: the avoidance distance acquisition module is connected with the acquisition module and is used for acquiring avoidance distances of different wild animal types under different road grades;
a third acquisition unit: the acquisition module is connected with the road and the surrounding environment, and is used for acquiring the environmental factor data of the road and the surrounding environment under each road grade;
fourth acquisition unit: the acquisition module is connected with the road and surrounding environment, and is used for acquiring the distribution point position data of different wild animals in the road and surrounding environment under each road grade;
species distribution model: the acquisition module is connected with the first acquisition unit, the second acquisition unit, the third acquisition unit and the fourth acquisition unit, and is used for inputting environmental factor data and distribution point location data of different wild animal species and calculating distribution probability of the different wild animal species;
species distribution model output module: for outputting the distribution probabilities of different wild animal species;
road barrier effect index output module: the method comprises the steps of outputting a calculation result of a road blocking effect index;
the ecological resistance value output module: for outputting the ecological resistance value.
The embodiment of the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the species distribution probability of the wild animals in the grid area is obtained, the road avoidance distances of different wild animal species are calculated according to the species distribution probability, the road grade and the roads, the road weights and the road avoidance distances under different road grades, the ecological resistance values of different wild animals are calculated according to the species distribution probability and the road avoidance distances, and the more accurate ecological resistance values are obtained, so that the influence of the wild animal habitat fragmentation is reduced.
2. By introducing the road blocking effect index on the basis of the existing ecological resistance value calculation formula, in the ecological resistance value calculation process, the factors of species distribution, road grade, road length, avoidance distance of species on the road and road blocking effect index are considered intensively, so that the calculated ecological resistance value is more objective, the calculation is more accurate, and the evaluation of wild animal habitat crushing influence by using the calculated ecological resistance value is more convincing.
3. Constructing an ecological resistance value based on a road blocking effect index, and considering the influence of the ecological resistance value on the wild animal habitat from the road network point of view from qualitative to quantitative preliminary attempts; when different roads are developed and researched, systematic research is carried out on different grades of roads, different road sections, whether the roads are closed or not, and the like, and the different blocking effects of important road sections on wild animals are considered in all aspects, so that the calculated blocking effect index is more accurate, and a more definite guiding effect can be provided when the actual roads are reconstructed and expanded, road network planning and wild animal channels are laid and ecological corridor construction is carried out.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for evaluating ecological resistance value of living areas of wild animals according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of determining a grid area in the method for evaluating ecological resistance value of a living area of a wild animal according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of obtaining species distribution probability in the method for evaluating ecological resistance value of living area of wild animals according to the embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of road blocking effect index calculation in the method for evaluating ecological resistance value of living area of wild animals according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart for determining the road avoidance distance in the method for evaluating the ecological resistance value of a living area of a wild animal according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of a wild animal living area ecological resistance value evaluation system provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the invention, are within the scope of the invention.
In the case of example 1,
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for evaluating ecological resistance value of living areas of wild animals according to embodiment 1 of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the method specifically includes:
step S1, determining a grid area, wherein the grid area is a living area of a wild animal.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart for determining a grid area in the method for evaluating ecological resistance value of a living area of a wild animal according to embodiment 1 of the present invention. Referring to fig. 2, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S11, obtaining a vector range of a living area of a wild animal; the vector range refers to the size of the living area of the wild animals;
taking a Sanjiang source region as an example, acquiring a vector range of the Sanjiang source region through a space-time tripolar environment big data platform, wherein the vector range comprises the boundary, the total boundary and the boundary information of each county in the river basin and the area information in each boundary of each river basin of a yellow river source, a Changjiang source and an lan cang source;
step S12, creating a grid capable of completely covering the vector range;
in ArcGIS, a fishing net creating tool is adopted to generate a grid which can cover the Sanjiang source region, and the resolution of the grid is 1km multiplied by 1km.
Step S13, eliminating the grids outside the vector range to obtain a grid range in the vector range;
removing grids outside the vector range of the Sanjiang source region by using an ArcGIS to obtain a grid region with the same size as the vector range, wherein the region is a living region of a wild animal;
in order to more conveniently carry out scientific analysis on the migration of wild animals, the data in the grid with the resolution of 1km multiplied by 1km is further resampled by using the Bilinear of ArcGIS10.6, so that the grid resolution of 250m multiplied by 250m in a grid area is obtained, and more accurate data can be conveniently obtained.
And S2, acquiring the distribution probability of different wild animal species in the grid area.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of obtaining species distribution probability in the method for evaluating ecological resistance value of living area of wild animals according to embodiment 1 of the present invention. Referring to fig. 3, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S21, obtaining environmental factor data of the road and the surrounding environment under each road grade;
the environmental factor data are collected on site through the automatic monitor and the equipment, each collected data is stored in the database, and the environmental factor data in the embodiment are downloaded in the database to obtain related data.
The environmental factor data includes: precipitation, air temperature, solar radiation, altitude, slope direction, surface oxygen content, land coverage index, normalized vegetation index, night light data, and human footprint data; in consideration of excessive environmental factors, strong spatial correlation or complexity of a MaxEnt model, performing correlation analysis through SPSS software, removing environmental factors with larger correlation coefficients, and screening to obtain the following 9 environmental factor data, wherein the environmental factor data after screening comprises: precipitation, air temperature, solar radiation, altitude, gradient, slope direction, land coverage index, normalized vegetation index, human footprint data, used for construction of species distribution models; the results of the field investigation show that the natural factors, the humane factors and the vegetation coverage and land coverage change play a positive role in restoring the ecological system: the area of the surface water body is increased due to the increase of precipitation and air temperature, which is beneficial to warming and humidifying peripheral climate; the land coverage change and the grassland coverage change are improved, so that the habitat quality of the wild animals can be effectively improved; the region that human activity intensity is high is unfavorable for wild animal to perch, and control human activity's influence can effectively protect wild animal, for the above-mentioned reason, environmental factor data is selected according to the habitat suitability of different wild animal species, includes: precipitation, air temperature, land coverage index, human footprint data for scientific evaluation of wild animal habitat suitability;
step S22, obtaining distribution point location data of different wild animal species under each road grade; the distribution point location data refer to the distribution quantity of different wild animals under different road grades in the grid area;
for the scattered species, designing sample lines for a plurality of road grades, wherein the length of each sample line is10 km, recording the name, the number, the type and the geographic position information of the species by finding out species entities or traces on two sides of a road, superposing the species distribution number obtained preliminarily with a grid area according to the species distribution number, eliminating the number of repeated points, and screening to obtain the distribution number of 107 Tibetan donkeys and the distribution number of 73 Tibetan original antelopes;
step S23, inputting the environmental factor data in the step S21 and the distribution point location data in the step S22 into a species distribution model, and obtaining the distribution probability of different wild animal species in the road under each road grade;
constructing a species classification model, wherein the species classification model is a MaxEnt model and is used for analyzing the suitability distribution condition of Tibetan wild donkey and Tibetan original antelope habitat in the Sanjiang source region; inputting the screened environmental factor data and distribution point location data in the steps S21-S22 into a trained MaxEnt model for prediction to obtain suitable habitat distribution data of a Sanjiang source region, representing a prediction result of the MaxEnt model by using a probability value of 0-1, namely representing the suitability of species distributed in the distribution region by using the existing probability value, wherein 0 represents inappropriateness, 1 represents inappropriateness, importing the predicted final result into an ArcGIS for adaptive grading and visual expression, grading the habitat into four grades, grading according to the suitability index, namely, 0.00-0.10 is a discomfort region, 0.10-0.30 is a low-suitability region, 0.30-0.50 is an edge adaptation region, 0.50-0.70 is an adaptation region, and 0.70-1.00 is an optimal adaptation region, simultaneously obtaining a wild-type habitat distribution map by using an ArcGIS software space analysis module, and obtaining wild-type habitat suitable distribution maps under different road layouts.
And S3, determining road blocking effect indexes of different wild animal species in the grid area.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of road blocking effect index calculation in the method for evaluating ecological resistance value of living area of wild animals according to embodiment 1 of the present invention. Referring to fig. 5, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S31, obtaining road information in the grid area, wherein the road information comprises road grade and road weight;
acquiring road network data in a Sanjiang source region through an open street map (OpenStreetMap, OSM), wherein the road network data consists of roads of various grades in the Sanjiang source region, and each grade road comprises a road name, a road number, a road type, a road length, whether the road is a bridge, whether the road is a tunnel or not and the like;
the different road grades are classified according to road types, including: railway, highway, bridge, tunnel; in this embodiment, the assignment range of the road weight is positioned to be 0-1, the closer to 0, the smaller the blocking effect of the road of the current grade on different wild animal types is, in particular, the tunnel works slow down the fragmentation of the wild animal habitat, so that the blocking influence degree of the tunnel on the wild animal is minimum, the road weight of the tunnel is assigned to be 0, the railway has the maximum blocking effect due to complete closure, and the road weight of the railway is assigned to be 1;
in this embodiment, the roads in different road classes are classified according to road categories, including: expressways, primary highways, secondary highways, tertiary highways, and quaternary highways; the primary roads are classified according to road widths and comprise single primary roads and double primary roads; the secondary roads are classified according to the road frame, and comprise a single secondary road and a double secondary road; the three-level roads are classified according to road frame, and comprise a single-level three-level road and a double-level three-level road; the double-width road is an integral roadbed of a central separation zone, the split roadbed is defined as the double-width road, and the integral roadbed and the split roadbed which are both double-width roads are temporarily not distinguished;
the expressway has the maximum complete sealing and blocking effects, and the road weight of the expressway is assigned to be 1; the side slopes on two sides of the separated roadbed need to occupy the land, the wild animals only need to pass through the roadbed once, the barrier effect of the double-width highway is larger than that of the single-width highway, and for this reason, the road weight is given to the primary highway, the secondary highway, the tertiary highway and the quaternary highway with the frames, specifically: the road weight of the single primary road is 0.8; the road weight of the double-amplitude primary road is 1; the road weight of the single-amplitude secondary road is 0.5; the road weight of the double-amplitude secondary road is 0.6; the road weight of the single three-level highway is 0.3; the road weight of the double-amplitude three-level road is 0.4; the road weight of the four-level highway is 0.25;
in this embodiment, the bridges in the road class are classified according to spans, including: medium-small bridges, large bridges and extra-large bridges; the medium-small bridges are classified according to road widths, and comprise single-width medium-small bridges and double-width medium-small bridges; the bridges are classified according to road widths, and comprise single-width bridges and double-width bridges;
because the porous span total length of the super bridge is larger than 1000, the crossing of ungulates such as Tibetan donkey, tibetan antelope and the like can be met, the blocking influence on wild animals is small, and the road weight of the super bridge is 0; for a bridge section of a double-amplitude separated roadbed, ungulates need to continuously pass through, the barrier effect is more obvious than that of a single amplitude, and for this reason, road weights are given to the bridges with the frames, and the road weights of the small and medium bridges in the single amplitude are 0.2; the road weight of the double-amplitude middle-small bridge is 0.25; the road weight of the single bridge is 0.1; the road weight of the double-amplitude bridge is 0.15;
step S32, determining the total length of the road under each road grade according to the road information in step S31;
in this embodiment, the road length under each road class acquired by the open street map is the total road length;
step S33, determining avoidance distances of different wild animal species under different road grades according to the road information in the step S31; the avoidance distance refers to the separation distance of different wild animal species under different road grades;
fig. 5 is a flowchart for determining the road avoidance distance in the method for evaluating the ecological resistance value of the living area of the wild animal according to embodiment 1 of the present invention. Referring to fig. 5, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S331, recording the species name, the species number and the species type when species entities or species traces are found on two sides of different roads under different road grades;
step S332, measuring the vertical distance between different wild animal species and the road under different road grades;
step S333, screening out the maximum vertical distance and the minimum vertical distance between different wild animals and the road in the step S332, and calculating an average value through the maximum vertical distance and the minimum vertical distance to determine the avoidance distance of the different wild animals to the road under different road grades;
in the embodiment, the area of Sanjiang source is taken as a research area, the Tibetan donkey and the Tibetan antelope are taken as research objects, the avoidance distances of the same species on different roads are temporarily not distinguished, and the avoidance distances of the Tibetan donkey and the Tibetan antelope on different road grades are respectively assigned to 500m and 200m;
step S34, calculating road blocking effect indexes of different wild animal types according to the road information, the total road length under each road grade, the avoidance distances of different wild animal types under different road grades and the distribution probability of different wild animal types in step S2;
the road blocking effect index is:
；
wherein: i is road blocking effect index, n is road grade in grid area, a i For the road weight, L, under the i-level road in the grid area i For the total length of the road under the i-level road in the grid area and D i The method comprises the steps that the avoidance distances of different wild animal species under the i-level road in a grid area, M is the grid area, P is the distribution probability of different wild animal species in the i-level road in the grid area and the surrounding environment of the road;
when the barrier effect indexes of different road grades are calculated, the embodiment takes the avoidance distance of 2 times of wild animals as the barrier influence areas at two sides of the road, so that the road barrier effect indexes are calculated more accurately. In this embodiment, the final road blocking index is calculated by selecting five parameters including road class n, road weight a, road total length L, avoidance distance D, and species distribution probability P.
And S4, evaluating the ecological resistance values of different wild animal species in the grid area according to the distribution probability and the road barrier effect index.
The ecological resistance value is as follows:
；
wherein j is the species of different wild animals,the ecological resistance value of the wild animals of the j types in the grid area is obtained;
according to the method, species distribution probabilities of different wild animal species in a grid area are obtained, road avoidance distances of different wild animal species are calculated according to the species distribution probabilities, road grades and roads, road weights and road avoidance distances under the different road grades, ecological resistance values of different wild animals are calculated according to the species distribution probabilities and the road avoidance distances, more accurate ecological resistance values are obtained, and the influence of wild animal habitat fragmentation is reduced; furthermore, in the calculation process of the ecological resistance value, the factors of species distribution, road grade, road length, avoidance distance of the species to the road and road blocking effect index are intensively considered, so that the calculated ecological resistance value is more objective and more accurate in calculation, the calculated ecological resistance value is used for evaluating the crushing effect of the wild animal habitat to be more convincing, and the crushing effect of the wild animal habitat is considered from the aspect of road network from qualitative to quantitative preliminary attempt; when different roads are developed and researched, systematic research is carried out on different grades of roads, different road sections, whether the roads are closed or not, and the like, and the different blocking effects of important road sections on wild animals are considered in all aspects, so that the calculated blocking effect index is more accurate, and a more definite guiding effect can be provided when the actual roads are reconstructed and expanded, road network planning and wild animal channels are laid and ecological corridor construction is carried out.
It is noted that the ecological resistance value should be positive and the highest resistance value should not exceed 10000 times of the lowest value, so that the ArcGIS is used to add 0.01 to the ecological resistance value as a whole in actual calculation.
In the case of example 2,
fig. 6 is a block diagram of a wild animal living area ecological resistance value evaluation system provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention. Referring to fig. 6, the invention also provides a wild animal living area ecological resistance value evaluation system, which is used for the wild animal living area ecological resistance value evaluation method, and comprises the following modules:
grid module: for determining a grid area;
the road information acquisition module: the method comprises the steps of acquiring road grades and road weights in all grid areas in the living range of wild animals;
a first acquisition unit: the acquisition module is connected with the road total length acquisition module and is used for acquiring the road total length under each road grade;
a second acquisition unit: the avoidance distance acquisition module is connected with the acquisition module and is used for acquiring avoidance distances of different wild animal types under different road grades;
a third acquisition unit: the acquisition module is connected with the road and the surrounding environment, and is used for acquiring the environmental factor data of the road and the surrounding environment under each road grade;
fourth acquisition unit: the acquisition module is connected with the road and surrounding environment, and is used for acquiring the distribution point position data of different wild animals in the road and surrounding environment under each road grade;
species distribution model: the acquisition module is connected with the first acquisition unit, the second acquisition unit, the third acquisition unit and the fourth acquisition unit, and is used for inputting environmental factor data and distribution point location data of different wild animal species and calculating distribution probability of the different wild animal species;
species distribution model output module: for outputting the distribution probabilities of different wild animal species;
road barrier effect index output module: the method comprises the steps of outputting a calculation result of a road blocking effect index;
the ecological resistance value output module: for outputting the ecological resistance value.
In the case of example 3,
a storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a wild animal living area ecological resistance value assessment method according to any one of embodiment 1.
Any combination of one or more computer readable media may be employed in the present invention. The medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. The medium can be, for example but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or a combination of any of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the medium include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In this document, a medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. As used in this specification, the terms "a," "an," "the," and/or "the" are not intended to be limiting, but rather are to be construed as covering the singular and the plural, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method or apparatus comprising such elements.
It should also be noted that the positional or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the positional or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for evaluating the ecological resistance value of the living area of the wild animal is characterized in that the ecological resistance value refers to the obstruction value of different wild animal species passing through the grid area; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1, determining a grid area, wherein the grid area is a living area of a wild animal;
s2, obtaining the distribution probability of different wild animal species in the grid area;
s3, determining road blocking effect indexes of different wild animal species in the grid area;
and S4, evaluating the ecological resistance values of different wild animal species in the grid area according to the distribution probability and the road barrier effect index.
2. The method for evaluating the ecological resistance value of a living area of a wild animal according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 of determining a grid area comprises the steps of:
step S11, obtaining a vector range of a living area of a wild animal; the vector range refers to the size of the living area of the wild animals;
step S12, creating a grid capable of completely covering the vector range;
and S13, eliminating the grids outside the vector range to obtain a grid range in the vector range.
3. The method for evaluating ecological resistance value of living areas of wild animals according to claim 2, wherein the grid area is 250m x 250m.
4. The method for evaluating the ecological resistance value of a living area of a wild animal according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 is to obtain the distribution probability of different wild animal species in the grid area, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step S21, obtaining environmental factor data of the road and the surrounding environment under each road grade;
step S22, obtaining distribution point location data of different wild animal species under each road grade; the distribution point location data refer to the distribution quantity of different wild animals under different road grades in the grid area;
and S23, inputting the environmental factor data in the step S21 and the distribution point location data in the step S22 into a species distribution model, and obtaining the distribution probability of different wild animal species in the road under each road grade.
5. The method for evaluating ecological resistance value of living areas of wild animals according to claim 4, wherein the environmental factor data in the step S21 is selected according to habitat suitability of different wild animal species, comprising: precipitation, air temperature, land coverage index, human footprint data.
6. The method for evaluating the ecological resistance value of a living area of a wild animal according to claim 1, wherein the determination of the road barrier effect index specifically comprises the following steps:
step S31, obtaining road information in the grid area, wherein the road information comprises road grade and road weight;
step S32, determining the total length of the road under each road grade according to the road information in step S31;
step S33, determining avoidance distances of different wild animal species under different road grades according to the road information in the step S31;
step S34, calculating road blocking effect indexes of different wild animal species according to the road information, the total road length under each road grade, the avoidance distances of different wild animal species under different road grades and the distribution probability of different wild animal species in step S2.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the road blocking effect index in the step S34 is as follows:
wherein: i is road blocking effect index, n is road grade in grid area, a i For the road weight, L, under the i-level road in the grid area i For the total length of the road under the i-level road in the grid area and D i The probability is that the avoidance distances of different wild animal species are in the i-level roads in the grid area, M is the grid area, and P is the distribution probability of different wild animal species in the i-level roads in the grid area and the surrounding environment thereof.
8. According to claimThe method for evaluating ecological resistance value of living area of wild animal according to claim 1, wherein the ecological resistance value in step S4 is as follows:；
wherein j is the species of different wild animals,the ecological resistance value of the wild animals of the j kinds in the grid area is obtained.
9. The method for evaluating ecological resistance value of living areas of wild animals according to claim 6, wherein the avoidance distance is a blocking distance of different wild animal species under different road grades;
in the step S33, avoidance distances of different wild animal species under different road grades are determined according to the road information, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S331, recording the species name, the species number and the species type when species entities or species traces are found on two sides of different roads under different road grades;
step S332, measuring the vertical distance between different wild animal species and the road under different road grades;
step S333, screening out the maximum vertical distance and the minimum vertical distance between different wild animals and the road in the step S332, and calculating the average value through the maximum vertical distance and the minimum vertical distance to determine the avoidance distance of different wild animals to the road under different road grades.
10. A wild animal living area ecological resistance value evaluation system, using a wild animal living area ecological resistance value evaluation method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized by comprising the following modules:
grid module: for determining a grid area;
the road information acquisition module: the method comprises the steps of acquiring road grades and road weights in all grid areas in the living range of wild animals;
a first acquisition unit: the acquisition module is connected with the road total length acquisition module and is used for acquiring the road total length under each road grade;
a second acquisition unit: the avoidance distance acquisition module is connected with the acquisition module and is used for acquiring avoidance distances of different wild animal types under different road grades;
a third acquisition unit: the acquisition module is connected with the road and the surrounding environment, and is used for acquiring the environmental factor data of the road and the surrounding environment under each road grade;
fourth acquisition unit: the acquisition module is connected with the road and surrounding environment, and is used for acquiring the distribution point position data of different wild animals in the road and surrounding environment under each road grade;
species distribution model: the acquisition module is connected with the first acquisition unit, the second acquisition unit, the third acquisition unit and the fourth acquisition unit, and is used for inputting environmental factor data and distribution point location data of different wild animal species and calculating distribution probability of the different wild animal species;
species distribution model output module: for outputting the distribution probabilities of different wild animal species;
road barrier effect index output module: the method comprises the steps of outputting a calculation result of a road blocking effect index;
the ecological resistance value output module: for outputting the ecological resistance value.
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| CN117763450A (en) * | 2024-02-22 | 2024-03-26 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Road network blocking effect index calculation method and system for wild animals |
| CN117892038A (en) * | 2024-03-14 | 2024-04-16 | 天科院环境科技发展（天津）有限公司 | Wild animal road avoidance distance calculation method |
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| CN116307400A (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-06-23 | 吉林省林业科学研究院 | Method and device for identifying habitat corridor, electronic equipment and medium |
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| CN117763450A (en) * | 2024-02-22 | 2024-03-26 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Road network blocking effect index calculation method and system for wild animals |
| CN117763450B (en) * | 2024-02-22 | 2024-05-07 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Road network blocking effect index calculation method and system for wild animals |
| CN117892038A (en) * | 2024-03-14 | 2024-04-16 | 天科院环境科技发展（天津）有限公司 | Wild animal road avoidance distance calculation method |
| CN117892038B (en) * | 2024-03-14 | 2024-06-07 | 天科院环境科技发展（天津）有限公司 | Wild animal road avoidance distance calculation method |
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