CN117454072A - Sampling method for boiler high-temperature excess (re) heater pipe of thermal power plant - Google Patents
Sampling method for boiler high-temperature excess (re) heater pipe of thermal power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN117454072A CN117454072A CN202311437236.7A CN202311437236A CN117454072A CN 117454072 A CN117454072 A CN 117454072A CN 202311437236 A CN202311437236 A CN 202311437236A CN 117454072 A CN117454072 A CN 117454072A
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
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Abstract
The invention provides a sampling method for a high-temperature (re) heater pipe of a boiler of a thermal power plant, which comprises the following steps: acquiring information of a high-temperature (re) heater Guan Chaowen according to boiler operation data, and calculating a difference value between the overtemperature temperature of the overtemperature tube and the design temperature; dividing an overtemperature interval, and counting overtemperature time in the overtemperature interval; calculating a sampling value; and sorting the sampling values from high to low, and selecting the tube which is required to be replaced or sampled and detected according to the sorting result. The method can be used for more preparing and scientifically taking the tube sample with the largest scale formation amount of the heat exchange tube. The method is relatively simple to implement and easy to implement, and provides effective guidance for overhaul and inspection of the unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power station boiler material detection, and particularly relates to a sampling method for a high-temperature excess (re) heater tube of a boiler of a thermal power plant.
Background
The high temperature (re) heater of the utility boiler is a core component of the utility boiler and is a heating surface with the highest operation temperature of the utility boiler. The high-temperature (re) heater has complex running environment and severe service condition, the high-temperature (re) heater pipe receives high-temperature smoke convection heat transfer for a long time, high-temperature and high-pressure steam flows in the high-temperature (re) heater pipe, if the steam-water circulation of the high-temperature (re) heater is uneven, the boiler combustion system is unbalanced, foreign matters block the heat exchange pipe and the like, the high-temperature (re) overtemperature can be caused, corrosion caused by factors such as coking and the like can be caused, and the internal metallographic structure of the pipe is changed, so that the service life of equipment is influenced. In practice, the high temperature (re) heater of the utility boiler needs to be sampled when running for a certain time. The sampling aims to grasp the conditions of scale scaling of the internal tissue of the material, physical and chemical properties of the material and the like, and provide guidance for the operation and maintenance of the subsequent unit.
The high-temperature (re) heater is generally arranged along the width direction of the boiler and exchanges heat with high-temperature flue gas, but is influenced by the combustion and operation conditions of the boiler, and the flue gas temperature in the hearth may be unevenly distributed. Because of the complex structure and the parallel arrangement of hundreds of heat exchange tubes, the high-temperature (re) heat exchanger has uneven internal medium flow, which leads to uneven temperature of the tube panel. The tube panel with higher temperature is easier to oxidize the metal material at high temperature, and causes scaling. The higher the overtemperature of the boiler is, the longer the overtemperature time is, and the larger the scale scaling amount is. Because the expansion coefficient of the oxide skin and the expansion coefficient of the (re) heater pipe have larger difference, when the unit is started and stopped, the temperature of the (re) heater pipe is larger, the oxide skin and the metal matrix of the (re) heater are unevenly expanded, the oxide skin is separated, the pipe blockage is caused to cause pipe explosion accidents, and the thicker the oxide skin is, the more easily the oxide skin is separated. The current sampling method is mainly used for sampling around the tube explosion or randomly sampling, subjective and empirical factors exist, the tube sample with large scale can not be accurately obtained, and the operation and maintenance of the unit can not be effectively guided.
The number of the high-temperature (re) heater pipes is more, taking a 600MW unit as an example, the number of the high-temperature (re) heater pipes can reach 600-800, and the difficulty of accurately positioning the pipe sample with large scale deposit amount in sampling is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems of the prior high-temperature (re) heater tube sampling method, the invention aims to provide a sampling method for a boiler high-temperature (re) heater tube of a thermal power plant, and the method can be used for more easily and scientifically taking out the place with the largest scale formation amount of a heat exchange tube.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a sampling method for a high-temperature (re) heater pipe of a boiler of a thermal power plant, which comprises the following steps:
screening out an overtemperature tube;
calculating the difference between the overtemperature and the design temperature of the overtemperature pipe;
dividing the overtemperature intervals according to the integral multiple of preset overtemperature, and counting the overtemperature time of each overtemperature interval;
calculating a sampling value according to the difference value between the overtemperature and the design temperature and the overtemperature time of each overtemperature interval;
sequencing according to the size of the sampling value, and selecting the tube which is required to be replaced or sampled and detected according to the sequencing result.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the screening out the overtemperature tube includes:
and (3) referring to the wall temperature history information of the high-temperature (re) heat exchanger in the unit operation data, and screening out an over-temperature pipe according to the wall history information.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in calculating the sampling value based on the difference between the overtemperature and the design temperature and the overtemperature time of each overtemperature section, the sampling value is calculated as follows:
wherein i is an overtemperature zone of integral multiple of 10 ℃;
△t i an overtemperature difference value of the ith overtemperature zone;
T i an overtemperature of the ith overtemperature zoneOvertemperature time of the temperature.
As a further improvement of the invention, the design temperature is the highest temperature allowed to be used for material operation.
As a further improvement of the invention, the dividing and numbering rules of the over-temperature interval are as follows: the difference between the overtemperature of the overtemperature tube and the design temperature is divided in the range of integral multiple of the preset overtemperature.
As a further improvement of the invention, the overtemperature time is in minutes, and the temperature is in degrees celsius.
As a further improvement of the invention, the high temperature (re) heater tube is a U-shaped or W-shaped tube.
As a further improvement of the invention, after the position of a specific sampling tube is determined, the medium flow of the U-shaped or W-shaped tube is selected to flow to the rear section position.
As a further improvement of the invention, the selection of the tube which is determined to need replacement or sampling detection according to the sequencing result means that: and selecting data with larger sampling value, and performing pipe cutting sampling inspection.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following advantages:
the invention relates to a sampling method for a boiler high-temperature excess (re) heater pipe of a thermal power plant, which is characterized in that the excess Wen Wencha, the excess temperature interval and the excess temperature time are used for evaluating the scale formation amount of the boiler excess (re) heater, the higher the excess temperature is, the longer the excess temperature is, the larger the calculated value is, the more accurate the pipe sample with the maximum scale amount can be obtained through calculation, and the phenomenon that the sampling is not represented by the past experience sampling method and the random method is avoided. For a unit with a wall temperature measuring point of the high-temperature (re) heater, the position of a specific sampling tube can be determined by simple calculation only by searching the temperature record of the tube wall in a computer. The method is relatively simple to implement and easy to implement, and provides effective guidance for overhaul and inspection of the unit.
Drawings
The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic microscope measurement of the oxide skin thickness of the superheater tube of sequence number 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this specification belongs. The terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. In addition, the terms "a" and "an" do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one of the referenced item. The use of "including," "comprising," or "having" and variations thereof herein is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items. The terms "connected" and "coupled" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections or couplings, and can include direct or indirect electrical connections or couplings.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
So that those skilled in the art can appreciate the features and effects of the present invention, a general description and definition of the terms and expressions set forth in the specification and claims follows. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, and in the event of a conflict, the present specification shall control.
The theory or mechanism described and disclosed herein, whether right or wrong, is not meant to limit the scope of the invention in any way, i.e., the present disclosure may be practiced without limitation to any particular theory or mechanism.
In the embodiments of the present invention, for ease of understanding of the description, the high temperature excess (re) heater pipe is described as being "U" shaped or "W" shaped. The expression language is a common language in the industry and has certain applicability.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a sampling method for a boiler high-temperature excess (re) heater pipe of a thermal power plant, which comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining a difference value between the overtemperature temperature and the design temperature of an overtemperature tube;
s2, dividing an overtemperature interval, and counting overtemperature time in the overtemperature interval;
s3, calculating a sampling value;
s4, sequencing the sampling values, and determining the position of the sampling tube.
The method is simple, the collected data is accurate, the scaling condition of the oxide scale in the high-temperature (re) heater pipe can be accurately mastered through the calculation result, more accurate guidance can be provided for maintenance, and in addition, when the high-temperature (re) heater chemical cleaning work is carried out, the pipe sample with the largest scaling is taken, so that the method has important practical guidance significance for the cleaning work.
As a specific embodiment, the invention provides a sampling method for a boiler high-temperature excess (re) heater pipe of a thermal power plant, comprising the following steps:
and (3) referring to the wall temperature history information of the high-temperature (re) heat exchanger in the unit operation data, and screening out an over-temperature pipe according to the wall history information. And obtaining the difference value between the overtemperature and the design temperature of the overtemperature pipe. The over-temperature intervals are divided, and the over-temperature time of each over-temperature interval is counted. According toCalculating a sampling value: sequencing according to the size of the sampling value, and selecting the tube which is required to be replaced or sampled and detected according to the sequencing result.
The design temperature is the highest temperature allowed to be used for material operation.
The dividing and numbering rules of the over-temperature interval are as follows: the range of integral multiple of 10 ℃ is divided by the difference value between the overtemperature and the design temperature of the overtemperature pipe.
After the position of a specific sampling tube is determined, the medium of the U-shaped or W-shaped tube is generally selected to flow to the rear section position, and the rear section position is used for replacing the medium in the heat pipe, so that the temperature of the medium is higher and the scale scaling amount of the oxide skin is larger.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention provides the following technical scheme, namely a sampling method for a high-temperature excess (re) heater tube of a boiler of a thermal power plant, which comprises the following steps of:
and (3) referring to the wall temperature history information of the high-temperature (re) heat exchanger in the unit operation data, and screening out an over-temperature pipe according to the wall history information.
And calculating the difference between the overtemperature and the design temperature of the overtemperature pipe.
The overtemperature intervals are divided according to integral multiples of the overtemperature of 10 ℃, and the overtemperature time of each overtemperature interval is counted.
Calculating a sample value according to formula (1):
wherein i is an overtemperature zone of integral multiple of 10 ℃;
△t i an overtemperature difference value of the ith overtemperature zone;
T i the overtemperature time of the overtemperature temperature in the ith overtemperature zone.
Sequencing according to the size of the sampling value, and selecting the tube which is required to be replaced or sampled and detected according to the sequencing result.
Wherein, the design temperature is the highest temperature allowed to be used for material operation.
As an optional embodiment, the dividing and numbering rules of the over-temperature interval are as follows: the difference between the overtemperature and the design temperature of the overtemperature tube is divided into ranges of integral multiples of 10 ℃. For example, the overtemperature 5 ℃ belongs to the range of 1-10 ℃ and is divided into a 1 st overtemperature zone; the overtemperature of 35 ℃ belongs to the range of 31-40 ℃ and is divided into a 4 th overtemperature zone.
Specifically, the overtemperature time unit is minutes, and the temperature unit is degrees centigrade.
As an alternative embodiment, the high temperature (re) heater tube is a U-shaped or W-shaped tube.
Alternatively, after determining the position of a particular sampling tube, it is generally preferred to select a U-shaped or W-shaped tube medium to flow to the rear section.
Wherein, select the tube that confirms to need change or sample detection according to sequencing result to refer to: and selecting data with larger sampling value, and performing pipe cutting sampling inspection.
In summary, the sampling method for the high-temperature (re) heater tube of the boiler of the thermal power plant comprises the following steps: acquiring information of a high-temperature (re) heater Guan Chaowen according to boiler operation data, and calculating a difference value between the overtemperature temperature of the overtemperature tube and the design temperature; dividing an overtemperature interval, and counting overtemperature time in the overtemperature interval; calculating a sampling value; and sorting the sampling values from high to low, and selecting the tube which is required to be replaced or sampled and detected according to the sorting result. The method can be used for more preparing and scientifically taking the tube sample with the largest scale formation amount of the heat exchange tube. The method is relatively simple to implement and easy to implement, and provides effective guidance for overhaul and inspection of the unit.
The following description is made with reference to specific embodiments:
example 1
By counting the overtemperature and overtemperature time, calculating the overtemperature of the tube, dividing the section, calculating a sampling value, selecting data with larger ratio, planning to select a tube with the sequence number of 4 (the 6 th turn of 41 screens on the left side of the furnace) for tube cutting sampling inspection.
Finally, as shown in fig. 2, the thickness of the oxide scale in the tube is measured by a microscope, and the oxide scale is thicker and reaches the chemical cleaning standard.
The foregoing is a further elaboration of the present invention, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments shown, but rather that a number of simple deductions or substitutions be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, all shall be deemed to fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims which are filed herewith.
Claims (9)
1. A sampling method for a boiler high-temperature excess (re) heater tube of a thermal power plant, characterized by comprising the following steps:
screening out an overtemperature tube;
calculating the difference between the overtemperature and the design temperature of the overtemperature pipe;
dividing the overtemperature intervals according to the integral multiple of preset overtemperature, and counting the overtemperature time of each overtemperature interval;
calculating a sampling value according to the difference value between the overtemperature and the design temperature and the overtemperature time of each overtemperature interval;
sequencing according to the size of the sampling value, and selecting the tube which is required to be replaced or sampled and detected according to the sequencing result.
2. The sampling method for a high-temperature excess (re) heater tube of a boiler of a thermal power plant according to claim 1, characterized by: the screening out of the overtemperature tube comprises the following steps:
and (3) referring to the wall temperature history information of the high-temperature (re) heat exchanger in the unit operation data, and screening out an over-temperature pipe according to the wall history information.
3. The sampling method for a high-temperature excess (re) heater tube of a boiler of a thermal power plant according to claim 1, characterized by: and in the calculation of the sampling value according to the difference value between the overtemperature and the design temperature and the overtemperature time of each overtemperature interval, the sampling value is calculated according to the following method:
wherein i is an overtemperature zone of integral multiple of 10 ℃;
△t i an overtemperature difference value of the ith overtemperature zone;
T i the overtemperature time of the overtemperature temperature in the ith overtemperature zone.
4. The sampling method for a high-temperature excess (re) heater tube of a boiler of a thermal power plant according to claim 1, characterized by: the design temperature is the highest temperature allowed to be used for material operation.
5. The sampling method for a high-temperature excess (re) heater tube of a boiler of a thermal power plant according to claim 1, characterized by: the dividing and numbering rules of the over-temperature interval are as follows: the difference between the overtemperature of the overtemperature tube and the design temperature is divided in the range of integral multiple of the preset overtemperature.
6. The sampling method for a high-temperature excess (re) heater tube of a boiler of a thermal power plant according to claim 1, characterized by: the overtemperature time unit is minutes, and the temperature unit is degrees centigrade.
7. The sampling method for a high-temperature excess (re) heater tube of a boiler of a thermal power plant according to claim 1, characterized by: the high temperature heat exchanger tube is a U-shaped or W-shaped tube.
8. The sampling method for a high-temperature excess (re) heater tube of a boiler of a thermal power plant according to claim 1, characterized by: after the position of the specific sampling tube is determined, the medium of the U-shaped or W-shaped tube is selected to flow to the rear section position.
9. The sampling method for a high-temperature excess (re) heater tube of a boiler of a thermal power plant according to claim 1, characterized by: the selection of the tube which is determined to need replacement or sampling detection according to the sequencing result means that: and selecting data with larger sampling value, and performing pipe cutting sampling inspection.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311437236.7A CN117454072A (en) | 2023-10-31 | 2023-10-31 | Sampling method for boiler high-temperature excess (re) heater pipe of thermal power plant |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311437236.7A CN117454072A (en) | 2023-10-31 | 2023-10-31 | Sampling method for boiler high-temperature excess (re) heater pipe of thermal power plant |
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