CN117436209A - Air bent pipe, air bent pipe design method and device - Google Patents
Air bent pipe, air bent pipe design method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117436209A CN117436209A CN202311737565.3A CN202311737565A CN117436209A CN 117436209 A CN117436209 A CN 117436209A CN 202311737565 A CN202311737565 A CN 202311737565A CN 117436209 A CN117436209 A CN 117436209A
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 11
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/28—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using fluid dynamics, e.g. using Navier-Stokes equations or computational fluid dynamics [CFD]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2113/00—Details relating to the application field
- G06F2113/08—Fluids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2113/00—Details relating to the application field
- G06F2113/14—Pipes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Abstract
The invention provides an air bent pipe, a method and a device for designing the air bent pipe, and is applied to the technical field of internal combustion engines. The air bent pipe provided by the invention is different from the traditional air bent pipe, the cross section of the bent pipe is non-circular, the left side and the right side of the low-speed high-pressure area in the cross section of the bent pipe are inwards recessed, the area of the low-speed high-pressure area is smaller than that of the high-speed low-pressure area, the air flow is accelerated by narrowing the area of the low-speed high-pressure area in the cross section of the bent pipe of the traditional air bent pipe, and the area of the high-speed low-pressure area in the cross section of the bent pipe of the traditional air bent pipe is enlarged, so that the air flow is decelerated, the flow driving force of the reverse pressure difference of the secondary flow of the air is reduced, the air flow is more uniform, and the performance of the air bent pipe is improved. The design method and the device for the air bent pipe improve the development efficiency of the air bent pipe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines, in particular to an air bent pipe, an air bent pipe design method and an air bent pipe design device.
Background
Air elbows are commonly used as transition pieces for pipeline connection, such as an air inlet connecting pipe, an air outlet pipe of an internal combustion engine, an air inlet pipe of the air compressor, an exhaust tail pipe, an exhaust pipe and the like.
The current air bent pipe generally adopts round pipe smooth transition, the cross section of the bent pipe is round, and the phenomena of gas flow separation and secondary flow separation exist in the outlet direction of the air bent pipe, so that the gas flow loss of the air bent pipe is large, and the performance of upstream and downstream parts of the air bent pipe is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an air elbow, an air elbow design method and an air elbow design device, which reduce the flow driving force of the reverse pressure difference of the secondary flow of the gas and lead the flow of the gas to be more uniform by narrowing the area of the low-speed high-pressure area in the elbow section of the traditional air elbow and enlarging the area of the high-speed low-pressure area in the elbow section of the traditional air elbow.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the specific technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an air elbow, where an elbow section of the air elbow is non-circular, and the elbow section is a section where a center point of an arc section of a central line of the elbow is located;
the section of the bent pipe comprises a low-speed high-pressure area and a high-speed low-pressure area, and the low-speed high-pressure area is positioned above the high-speed low-pressure area;
the left side and the right side of the low-speed high-voltage area are recessed inwards;
the area of the low-speed high-voltage area is smaller than that of the high-speed low-voltage area.
In some embodiments, the elbow cross-section is an axisymmetric pattern, the symmetry axis of the elbow cross-section being perpendicular to the dividing line between the low-speed high-pressure region and the high-speed low-pressure region.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a design method for an air elbow, where an elbow section of the air elbow is non-circular, the elbow section is a section where a center point of an arc section of a center line of the elbow is located, the elbow section includes a low-speed high-pressure area and a high-speed low-pressure area, the low-speed high-pressure area is located above the high-speed low-pressure area, left and right sides of the low-speed high-pressure area are recessed inwards, and an area of the low-speed high-pressure area is smaller than an area of the high-speed low-pressure area, the design method for the air elbow includes:
acquiring pipeline arrangement data of the air bent pipe;
setting pipeline basic parameters according to the pipeline arrangement data, and generating a simplified model of the air elbow;
setting concave adjusting coefficients at the left side and the right side of a low-speed high-pressure area in the cross section of the air bent pipe;
calculating a cross-section size parameter of the bent pipe according to the pipeline basic parameter, the indent adjusting coefficient and a preset pipeline average gas flow rate;
perfecting the simplified model according to the elbow section size parameters to obtain a candidate three-dimensional model of the air elbow;
performing steady-state flow field analysis on the candidate three-dimensional model to obtain an analysis result;
judging whether the analysis result meets the preset performance requirement or not;
if the analysis result does not meet the preset performance requirement, adjusting the pipeline basic parameter and the indent adjustment coefficient, and returning to execute the step of calculating the cross-section size parameter of the bent pipe according to the pipeline basic parameter, the indent adjustment coefficient and the preset pipeline average gas flow rate;
and if the analysis result meets the preset performance requirement, completing the design of the air bent pipe.
In some embodiments, the method for setting the average gas flow rate of the pipeline includes:
calculating gas density according to the preset inlet gas pressure, the preset inlet gas temperature and the gas constant;
and calculating to obtain the average gas flow rate of the pipeline according to the preset inlet gas pressure, the gas density and the gas insulation index.
In some embodiments, the setting the pipeline base parameter according to the pipeline arrangement data generates a simplified model of the air elbow, including:
setting a central line parameter of the bent pipe in the pipeline basic parameters according to the pipeline arrangement data, wherein the central line parameter of the bent pipe comprises the radius of an arc section of the central line of the bent pipe;
generating a simplified three-dimensional model of the air elbow according to interface parameters of the air elbow and central line parameters of the elbow in the pipeline arrangement data by utilizing three-dimensional model design software, wherein the interface parameters of the air elbow comprise an inlet pipeline area, an inlet pipeline shape, an outlet pipeline area and an outlet pipeline shape;
and determining the equivalent diameter of the elbow section and the radius of the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the air elbow arc section in the pipeline basic parameters according to the simplified three-dimensional model.
In some embodiments, the calculating the elbow section size parameter according to the pipeline basic parameter and the preset pipeline average gas flow rate includes:
calculating a diameter coefficient related to the average gas flow rate of the pipeline according to the radius of the arc section of the central line of the bent pipe, the radius of the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the arc section of the air bent pipe and the average gas flow rate of the pipeline;
calculating a first parameter and a second parameter in the cross section dimension parameters of the bent pipe according to the diameter coefficient and the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the bent pipe;
calculating a third parameter in the cross section dimension parameters of the bent pipe according to the indent adjusting coefficient and the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the bent pipe;
calculating the area of the elbow cross section according to the equivalent diameter of the elbow cross section, and calculating a fourth parameter in the elbow cross section size parameters according to the area of the elbow cross section, the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter;
the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter are size parameters of a low-speed high-pressure area in the cross section of the bent pipe, and the first parameter and the fourth parameter are size parameters of a high-speed low-pressure area in the cross section of the bent pipe.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an air elbow design apparatus, where an elbow section of an air elbow is non-circular, the elbow section is a section where a center point of an arc section of an elbow centerline is located, the elbow section includes a low-speed high-pressure area and a high-speed low-pressure area, the low-speed high-pressure area is located above the high-speed low-pressure area, left and right sides of the low-speed high-pressure area are recessed inward, and an area of the low-speed high-pressure area is smaller than an area of the high-speed low-pressure area, the air elbow design apparatus includes:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring pipeline arrangement data of the air bent pipe;
the first setting unit is used for setting pipeline basic parameters according to the pipeline arrangement data and generating a simplified model of the air elbow;
the second setting unit is used for setting concave adjusting coefficients at the left side and the right side of a low-speed high-pressure area in the cross section of the air bent pipe;
the parameter calculation unit is used for calculating the section size parameter of the bent pipe according to the pipeline basic parameter, the indent adjusting coefficient and a preset pipeline average gas flow rate;
the model perfecting unit is used for perfecting the simplified model according to the section size parameter of the bent pipe to obtain a candidate three-dimensional model of the air bent pipe;
the model analysis unit is used for carrying out steady-state flow field analysis on the candidate three-dimensional model to obtain an analysis result;
the performance judging unit is used for judging whether the analysis result meets the preset performance requirement; if the analysis result does not meet the preset performance requirement, triggering a parameter adjusting unit; if the analysis result meets the preset performance requirement, completing the design of the air bent pipe;
the parameter adjusting unit is used for adjusting the pipeline basic parameters and the indent adjusting coefficients and triggering the parameter calculating unit.
In some embodiments, further comprising:
a gas flow rate setting unit for calculating a gas density according to a preset inlet gas pressure, a preset inlet gas temperature, and a gas constant; and calculating to obtain the average gas flow rate of the pipeline according to the preset inlet gas pressure, the gas density and the gas insulation index.
In some embodiments, the first setting unit is specifically configured to set, according to the pipeline arrangement data, a bend centerline parameter in the pipeline base parameters, where the bend centerline parameter includes a radius of a circular arc segment of a bend centerline; generating a simplified three-dimensional model of the air elbow according to interface parameters of the air elbow and central line parameters of the elbow in the pipeline arrangement data by utilizing three-dimensional model design software, wherein the interface parameters of the air elbow comprise an inlet pipeline area, an inlet pipeline shape, an outlet pipeline area and an outlet pipeline shape; and determining the equivalent diameter of the elbow section and the radius of the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the air elbow arc section in the pipeline basic parameters according to the simplified three-dimensional model.
In some embodiments, the parameter calculating unit is specifically configured to calculate a diameter coefficient related to the average gas flow rate of the pipeline according to the radius of the arc section of the central line of the elbow, the radius of the inner and outer wall surfaces of the arc section of the air elbow, and the average gas flow rate of the pipeline; calculating a first parameter and a second parameter in the cross section dimension parameters of the bent pipe according to the diameter coefficient and the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the bent pipe; calculating a third parameter in the cross section dimension parameters of the bent pipe according to the indent adjusting coefficient and the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the bent pipe; calculating the area of the elbow cross section according to the equivalent diameter of the elbow cross section, and calculating a fourth parameter in the elbow cross section size parameters according to the area of the elbow cross section, the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter; the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter are size parameters of a low-speed high-pressure area in the cross section of the bent pipe, and the first parameter and the fourth parameter are size parameters of a high-speed low-pressure area in the cross section of the bent pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses an air bent pipe, which is different from a traditional air bent pipe, wherein the cross section of the bent pipe is non-circular, the left side and the right side of a low-speed high-pressure area in the cross section of the bent pipe are inwards recessed, the area of the low-speed high-pressure area is smaller than that of a high-speed low-pressure area, the air flow is accelerated by narrowing the area of the low-speed high-pressure area in the cross section of the bent pipe of the traditional air bent pipe, and the area of the high-speed low-pressure area in the cross section of the bent pipe of the traditional air bent pipe is enlarged, so that the air flow is decelerated, thereby reducing the flow driving force of reverse pressure difference of secondary flow of air, leading the air flow to be more uniform, and improving the performance of the air bent pipe.
The invention also discloses a design method and a device of the air bent pipe, which are used for carrying out steady-state flow field analysis on the designed three-dimensional model of the air bent pipe, determining whether readjusting parameters are needed according to whether the analysis result meets the preset performance requirement or not until the preset performance requirement is met, and improving the development efficiency of the air bent pipe.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional air elbow;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a conventional air elbow CFD simulation;
FIG. 3 is a graph of line outlet pressure distribution for CFD simulation of a conventional air elbow;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a CFD simulated flow separation location for a conventional air elbow;
FIG. 5 is a graph of elbow cross-section flow field and pressure distribution for CFD simulation of a conventional air elbow;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an air elbow according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an air elbow and a schematic cross-sectional view of the elbow according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an elbow according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart of an air elbow design method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the centerline of an elbow according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a simplified three-dimensional model schematic of an air elbow according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional straight tube model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an air elbow according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a graph showing the results of steady-state flow field analysis on an air elbow according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of flow rate and pressure cloud taken out of a cross section of an elbow in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an air elbow design device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the conventional air bent pipe generally adopts round and smooth transition, the cross section of the bent pipe is round, and the air bent pipe is used as a transition piece for pipeline connection, so that the flow characteristic of the air bent pipe is rarely concerned, but the performance of upstream and downstream parts of the air bent pipe is often influenced by the air bent pipe.
The inventor carries out CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics ) simulation calculation on a traditional air bent pipe, and the flow condition is shown in fig. 2, so that the phenomenon of gas flow separation in the outlet direction, which is also called boundary layer separation, and the phenomenon of flow commonly occurring in viscous gas flow, and the phenomenon of low-speed backflow zone generated between the gas main flow and the wall surface separation can be found. The pressure distribution at the outlet of the pipeline is shown in fig. 3, and obvious secondary flow separation phenomenon occurs, so that the problems of large gas flow loss and large pressure drop of the pipeline are necessarily caused. From flow field analysis, it can be seen that flow separation begins at the location of the central section of the elbow, as shown in FIG. 4. The flow field and pressure profile of this section is taken as shown in fig. 5. According to analysis, the flow separation and secondary flow phenomena of the fluid are caused by the fact that the flow velocity of the inner bending surface of the bent pipe is high, the pressure is low, and the flow velocity of the outer bending surface of the bent pipe is low, and the pressure is high. In particular, in the velocity diagram, there is a significant flow gradient in the flow velocity inside the pipeline; also, in the pressure map, a significant pressure gradient is seen.
In order to solve the above technical problems, as shown in fig. 6, the air elbow disclosed in this embodiment is an elbow center line of the air elbow in the air flow direction, and the elbow section is a section where a center point M of an arc section of the elbow center line is located.
The cross-sectional view of the air elbow is shown to the left in fig. 7, with line segment CD passing through the center point of the elbow cross-section. The section of the bent pipe where the line segment CD is located is shown on the right side of fig. 7, and the section of the bent pipe is non-circular. The cross section of the bent pipe comprises a low-speed high-pressure area and a high-speed low-pressure area, the low-speed high-pressure area is positioned above the high-speed low-pressure area, the left side and the right side of the low-speed high-pressure area are recessed inwards, and the area of the low-speed high-pressure area is smaller than that of the high-speed low-pressure area.
The shapes of the inlet and the outlet of the air bent pipe can be the same or different, the shapes of the inlet and the outlet of the air bent pipe can be round, oval, rectangular and the like, and the air bent pipe can be set according to specific application scenes, and the invention is not limited in particular.
According to the air bent pipe disclosed by the embodiment, the area of the low-speed high-pressure area in the bent pipe section of the traditional air bent pipe is narrowed, so that the gas flow is accelerated, the area of the high-speed low-pressure area in the bent pipe section of the traditional air bent pipe is enlarged, the gas flow is decelerated, the flow driving force of the reverse pressure difference of the secondary flow of the gas is reduced, and the gas flow is more uniform.
Illustratively, as shown in the air elbow cross-sectional view of FIG. 8, the elbow cross-section is an axisymmetric pattern with the axis of symmetry CD of the elbow cross-section being perpendicular to the line of demarcation between the low speed high pressure region and the high speed low pressure region. When designing the elbow section, the dimensional parameters of the elbow section need to be controlled: dh1, dh2, dw and w. The point C is defined as an intersection point of the symmetry axis and the boundary of the low-speed high-voltage area, and is marked as a first intersection point, the point D is defined as an intersection point of the symmetry axis and the boundary of the high-speed low-voltage area, and is marked as a second intersection point, wherein dh1 is the shortest distance between the boundary between the low-speed high-voltage area and the high-speed low-voltage area and the first intersection point, dh2 is the shortest distance between the boundary between the low-speed high-voltage area and the high-speed low-voltage area and the second intersection point, dw is the distance between one end of the boundary between the low-speed high-voltage area and the high-speed low-voltage area and the center point, and w is the concave depth on the left side and the right side of the low-speed high-voltage area.
Referring to fig. 9, the embodiment discloses an air elbow design method applied to electronic devices such as a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a smart phone and the like, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s101: acquiring pipeline arrangement data of the air bent pipe;
the air bent pipe has different pipeline arrangement data in different application scenes, and various modes for acquiring the pipeline arrangement data are required for pipeline arrangement, and the following two alternative implementation modes are provided:
illustratively, piping layout data is obtained that is manually entered by a designer.
Illustratively, the piping arrangement data is contained in a configuration file, and after the imported configuration file is detected, the piping arrangement data is obtained by reading the configuration file.
The pipeline arrangement data characterizes the arrangement requirements of the air bent pipe, and comprises: space arrangement constraint conditions of the air bent pipe, interface parameters of the air bent pipe and the like. The space arrangement constraint condition of the air bent pipe indicates that the air bent pipe cannot exceed the space, and the length of the air bent pipe, the length of a pipeline center line between the center point of the arc section of the center line of the bent pipe and the starting point of the center line of the bent pipe and the like are affected. Interface parameters of the air elbow include inlet pipeline area, inlet pipeline shape, outlet pipeline area, outlet pipeline shape, etc.
S102: setting pipeline basic parameters according to the pipeline arrangement data, and generating a simplified model of the air elbow;
the pipeline basic parameters comprise: the central line parameter of the bent pipe, the equivalent diameter of the section of the bent pipe and the radius of the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the circular arc section of the air bent pipe.
It can be seen that the three-dimensional model of the unprecedented elbow generated based on the above-mentioned pipeline basic parameters is a simplified model, and cannot represent the specific shape of the elbow section.
The three-dimensional model design software for generating the simplified model of the air elbow can be any existing three-dimensional model design software, such as AutoCAD, solidWorks and the like.
It should be noted that a plurality of simplified models are required, and the models are not simplified only from the bent pipe section, but also from the respective longitudinal sections.
S103: setting concave adjusting coefficients of the left side and the right side of a low-speed high-pressure area in the cross section of an air bent pipe, wherein the cross section of the bent pipe is the cross section of the center point of a circular arc section of the central line of the bent pipe of the air bent pipe;
based on the air bent pipe disclosed by the embodiment, the cross section of the bent pipe comprises a low-speed high-pressure area and a high-speed low-pressure area, the concave adjusting coefficient is used for adjusting the degree of inward concave of the left side and the right side of the low-speed high-pressure area, and the concave adjusting coefficient can be one or more than one.
S104: calculating a cross-section size parameter of the bent pipe according to the pipeline basic parameter, the indent adjusting coefficient and a preset pipeline average gas flow rate;
based on the air elbow disclosed in the above embodiment, by changing the shape of the elbow section of the conventional air elbow, the turbulence intensity of the air flow in the pipeline is increased, the forward movement capability of the main air flow is enhanced, the area of the low-speed high-pressure region in the elbow section of the conventional air elbow is narrowed, the air flow is accelerated, the area of the high-speed low-pressure region in the elbow section of the conventional air elbow is enlarged, and the air flow is decelerated, however, specifically, the area of the low-speed high-pressure region is narrowed to what extent, the area of the high-speed low-pressure region is enlarged to what extent, and the determination needs to be made by the dimensional parameters of the elbow section, such as dh1, dh2, dw and w in the above embodiment.
According to the embodiment, the pipe section size parameter is calculated based on the pipe base parameter, the concave adjusting coefficient and the preset pipe average gas flow rate, and the pipe average gas flow rate is considered during calculation, so that the calculated pipe section size parameter can be more accurate, and the effect of improving the performance of the air pipe is better.
S105: perfecting the simplified model according to the elbow section size parameters to obtain a candidate three-dimensional model of the air elbow;
and perfecting the cross section of the bent pipe in the simplified model by the cross section dimension parameter of the bent pipe, so as to obtain a complete three-dimensional model.
Since the three-dimensional model obtained this time is not necessarily the final air-bending three-dimensional model, the air-bending three-dimensional model obtained this time is recorded as a candidate model.
S106: performing steady-state flow field analysis on the candidate three-dimensional model to obtain an analysis result;
and (3) introducing the candidate three-dimensional model into CFD fluid calculation software, and performing steady-state flow field analysis to obtain an analysis result, wherein the analysis result comprises flow fields and pressure distribution of the cross section of the bent pipe.
S107: judging whether the analysis result meets the preset performance requirement or not;
the preset performance requirement can be set according to the performance requirement of the actual application scene, and the invention is not particularly limited.
If the analysis result does not meet the preset performance requirement, executing S108: adjusting the pipeline basic parameters and the concave adjusting coefficients, and returning to execute S104;
specifically, the narrowing degree of the area of the low-speed high-pressure area in the cross section of the bent pipe and/or the enlarging degree of the area of the high-speed low-pressure area in the cross section of the bent pipe are/is adjusted by adjusting the basic parameters and the concave adjusting coefficient of the pipeline.
And if the analysis result meets the preset performance requirement, completing the design of the air bent pipe described in the embodiment.
According to the air elbow design method disclosed by the embodiment, pipeline basic parameters are set according to pipeline arrangement data, so that the air elbow meets pipeline arrangement requirements, pipeline basic parameters are set to generate a simplified model of the air elbow, the elbow section size parameters are calculated according to pipeline basic parameters and indent adjustment coefficients of the left side and the right side of a low-speed high-pressure area in the elbow section in combination with preset pipeline average gas flow velocity, the simplified model is perfected, steady-state flow field analysis is carried out on the candidate three-dimensional model after completion, and when steady-state flow field analysis results do not meet preset performance requirements, the pipeline basic parameters and indent adjustment coefficients are continuously adjusted until steady-state flow field analysis results of the three-dimensional model meet the preset performance requirements, so that secondary flow is restrained, the designed air elbow meets the performance requirements, and the design efficiency of the air elbow is improved.
In order to facilitate understanding of the air elbow design method disclosed in the above embodiments, each step in the above embodiments is specifically described below.
In the above embodiment, S102 includes the following steps:
a1: setting a central line parameter of the bent pipe in the pipeline basic parameters according to the pipeline arrangement data;
the parameters of the central line of the bent pipe comprise the radius of the arc section of the central line of the bent pipe, the length of the central line of the pipeline between the central point of the arc section of the central line of the bent pipe and the starting point of the central line of the bent pipe, and the like. The centerline of the elbow as shown in fig. 10 can be obtained based on the above elbow centerline parameters.
A2: generating a simplified three-dimensional model of the air elbow according to interface parameters of the air elbow and elbow center line parameters in pipeline arrangement data by utilizing three-dimensional model design software, wherein the interface parameters of the air elbow comprise an inlet pipeline area, an inlet pipeline shape, an outlet pipeline area and an outlet pipeline shape;
a3: and determining the equivalent diameter of the elbow section and the radius of the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the air elbow arc section in the pipeline basic parameters according to the simplified three-dimensional model.
As shown in FIG. 11, the simplified three-dimensional model is shown in FIG. 11, M is the center point of the arc section of the central line of the bent pipe, r is the radius of the arc section of the central line of the bent pipe, r1 is the radius of the inner wall surface of the arc section of the air bent pipe, and r2 is the radius of the outer wall surface of the arc section of the air bent pipe.
From the areas A1 and A2 of the inlet and outlet cross sections, the corresponding inlet cross section equivalent diameter D1 and outlet cross section equivalent diameter D2 can be calculated according to the following formulas.
Wherein D represents an equivalent diameter, and A represents a cross-sectional area.
The simplified three-dimensional model shown in fig. 11 is simplified into a two-dimensional straight tube model, and the equivalent diameter D0 of the section of the bent tube corresponding to the point M can be obtained in the two-dimensional straight tube model as shown in fig. 12. In fig. 12, L is the length of the centerline of the elbow, and L1 is the length of the centerline of the pipeline between the center point of the arc segment of the centerline of the elbow and the starting point of the centerline of the elbow.
It should be noted that, the pipeline basic parameters include: the central line parameter of the bent pipe, the equivalent diameter of the section of the bent pipe and the radius of the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the circular arc section of the air bent pipe. The parameters of the central line of the bent pipe comprise the radius of the arc section of the central line of the bent pipe, the length of the central line of the pipeline between the central point of the arc section of the central line of the bent pipe and the starting point of the central line of the bent pipe, and the like.
In addition, the method for setting the average gas flow rate of the pipeline in the embodiment includes:
b1: calculating gas density according to the preset inlet gas pressure, the preset inlet gas temperature and the gas constant;
wherein,is the gas density, P1 is the preset inlet gas pressure,Is a gas constant, T1 is a preset inlet gas temperature, P1 andt1 is set according to the actual application scene.
B2: and calculating to obtain the average gas flow rate of the pipeline according to the preset inlet gas pressure, the gas density and the gas heat insulation index.
Wherein v is the average gas flow rate of the pipeline, gamma is the gas insulation index, and for the air of the internal combustion engine, the value of a general air inlet system is 1.4; the exhaust system takes a value of 1.3.
In the above embodiment, S104 includes the following steps:
c1: calculating a diameter coefficient related to the average gas flow rate of the pipeline according to the radius of the arc section of the central line of the bent pipe, the radius of the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the arc section of the air bent pipe and the average gas flow rate of the pipeline;
the above k0, k1 and k2 are all diameter coefficients related to the average gas flow rate of the pipeline, r1 is the radius of the inner wall surface of the arc section of the air elbow, r2 is the radius of the outer wall surface of the arc section of the air elbow, and v is the average gas flow rate of the pipeline.
C2: calculating a first parameter and a second parameter in the cross section dimension parameters of the bent pipe according to the diameter coefficient and the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the bent pipe;
first parameter dw: dw=k0×d0;
second parameter dh1: dh1=0.5×d0;
and C3: calculating a third parameter in the cross section dimension parameters of the bent pipe according to the indent adjusting coefficient and the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the bent pipe;
third parameter w: w=n×r;
r is an intermediate parameter, r=k×d0/2;
wherein n and k are both indent adjustment coefficients.
And C4: calculating the area of the cross section of the bent pipe according to the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the bent pipe, and calculating a fourth parameter in the size parameters of the cross section of the bent pipe according to the area of the cross section of the bent pipe, the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter;
area s=pi×d0 of elbow cross section 2 /4。
As shown in the air elbow cross-section of fig. 8, the elbow cross-section is an axisymmetric pattern, and the symmetry axis CD of the elbow cross-section is perpendicular to the boundary between the low-speed high-pressure region and the high-speed low-pressure region. The point C is defined as an intersection point of the symmetry axis and the boundary of the low-speed high-voltage area, and is marked as a first intersection point, the point D is defined as an intersection point of the symmetry axis and the boundary of the high-speed low-voltage area, and is marked as a second intersection point, wherein dh1 is the shortest distance between the boundary between the low-speed high-voltage area and the high-speed low-voltage area and the first intersection point, dh2 is the shortest distance between the boundary between the low-speed high-voltage area and the high-speed low-voltage area and the second intersection point, dw is the distance between one end of the boundary between the low-speed high-voltage area and the high-speed low-voltage area and the center point, and w is the concave depth on the left side and the right side of the low-speed high-voltage area. And obtaining the area S of the cross section of the bent pipe, and obtaining a fourth parameter dh2 by back-calculation based on dh1, dw and w.
It can be seen that the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter are size parameters of the low-speed high-pressure region in the elbow section, and the first parameter and the fourth parameter are size parameters of the high-speed low-pressure region in the elbow section.
k has a value of 1.1-2.8. The value of n influences the degree of inward concave of the outer elbow, the value of the n is required to be determined according to the flow separation condition of the elbow section, and the value of n is (2-10)% because the flow condition of the section is influenced by a front pipeline. When the steady-state flow field analysis result does not meet the preset performance requirement, the flow separation of the cross section of the bent pipe is serious, and the value of n can be increased and/or the value of k can be reduced.
An example of an air elbow with steady flow field analysis results meeting preset performance requirements is shown in fig. 13, the steady flow field analysis results are shown in fig. 14, the flow field is more uniform, and secondary flow of the outlet section is inhibited. The flow velocity and pressure cloud taken out of the cross section of the bent pipe are shown in fig. 15, so that the flow velocity gradient and pressure distribution gradient of the bent pipe are obviously inhibited, and the flow characteristic of the bent pipe is optimized.
Based on the method for designing an air bend disclosed in the foregoing embodiment, the present embodiment correspondingly discloses an air bend designing apparatus, please refer to fig. 16, including:
a data acquisition unit 100 for acquiring line arrangement data of the air bend;
a first setting unit 200, configured to set a pipeline basic parameter according to the pipeline arrangement data, and generate a simplified model of the air elbow;
the second setting unit 300 is configured to set concave adjustment coefficients of left and right sides of a low-speed high-pressure area in a cross section of an elbow of the air elbow, where the cross section of the elbow is a cross section where a center point of an arc section of a center line of the elbow of the air elbow is located;
a parameter calculation unit 400, configured to calculate a cross-section size parameter of the elbow according to the pipeline base parameter, the indent adjustment coefficient, and a preset pipeline average gas flow rate;
the model perfecting unit 500 is used for perfecting the simplified model according to the section size parameter of the bent pipe to obtain a candidate three-dimensional model of the air bent pipe;
the model analysis unit 600 is configured to perform steady-state flow field analysis on the candidate three-dimensional model to obtain an analysis result;
a performance judging unit 700, configured to judge whether the analysis result meets a preset performance requirement; if the analysis result does not meet the preset performance requirement, triggering the parameter adjustment unit 800; if the analysis result meets the preset performance requirement, completing the design of the air elbow described in any implementation mode in the embodiment;
the parameter adjustment unit 800 is configured to adjust the pipeline base parameter and the indent adjustment coefficient, and trigger the parameter calculation unit.
In some embodiments, further comprising:
a gas flow rate setting unit for calculating a gas density according to a preset inlet gas pressure, a preset inlet gas temperature, and a gas constant; and calculating to obtain the average gas flow rate of the pipeline according to the preset inlet gas pressure, the gas density and the gas insulation index.
In some embodiments, the first setting unit is specifically configured to set, according to the pipeline arrangement data, a bend centerline parameter in the pipeline base parameters, where the bend centerline parameter includes a radius of a circular arc segment of a bend centerline; generating a simplified three-dimensional model of the air elbow according to interface parameters of the air elbow and central line parameters of the elbow in the pipeline arrangement data by utilizing three-dimensional model design software, wherein the interface parameters of the air elbow comprise an inlet pipeline area, an inlet pipeline shape, an outlet pipeline area and an outlet pipeline shape; and determining the equivalent diameter of the elbow section and the radius of the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the air elbow arc section in the pipeline basic parameters according to the simplified three-dimensional model.
In some embodiments, the parameter calculating unit is specifically configured to calculate a diameter coefficient related to the average gas flow rate of the pipeline according to the radius of the arc section of the central line of the elbow, the radius of the inner and outer wall surfaces of the arc section of the air elbow, and the average gas flow rate of the pipeline; calculating a first parameter and a second parameter in the cross section dimension parameters of the bent pipe according to the diameter coefficient and the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the bent pipe; calculating a third parameter in the cross section dimension parameters of the bent pipe according to the indent adjusting coefficient and the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the bent pipe; calculating the area of the elbow cross section according to the equivalent diameter of the elbow cross section, and calculating a fourth parameter in the elbow cross section size parameters according to the area of the elbow cross section, the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter; the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter are size parameters of a low-speed high-pressure area in the cross section of the bent pipe, and the first parameter and the fourth parameter are size parameters of a high-speed low-pressure area in the cross section of the bent pipe.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
It is further noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. The software modules may be disposed in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The above embodiments may be combined in any manner, and features described in the embodiments in the present specification may be replaced or combined with each other in the above description of the disclosed embodiments, so as to enable one skilled in the art to make or use the present application.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The air bent pipe is characterized in that the cross section of the bent pipe of the air bent pipe is non-circular, and the cross section of the bent pipe is the cross section where the center point of the circular arc section of the central line of the bent pipe is located;
the section of the bent pipe comprises a low-speed high-pressure area and a high-speed low-pressure area, and the low-speed high-pressure area is positioned above the high-speed low-pressure area;
the left side and the right side of the low-speed high-voltage area are recessed inwards;
the area of the low-speed high-voltage area is smaller than that of the high-speed low-voltage area.
2. The air elbow according to claim 1, wherein said elbow cross-section is in an axisymmetric pattern, said elbow cross-section symmetry axis being perpendicular to a dividing line between said low speed high pressure region and said high speed low pressure region.
3. The utility model provides an air return bend design method which is characterized in that, the return bend cross-section of air return bend is non-circular, the return bend cross-section is the cross-section that the central point of return bend central line circular arc section was located, the return bend cross-section includes low-speed high-pressure region and high-speed low-pressure region, low-speed high-pressure region is located high-speed low-pressure region top, the left and right sides of low-speed high-pressure region inwards is sunken, the area of low-speed high-pressure region is less than the area of high-speed low-pressure region, the air return bend design method includes:
acquiring pipeline arrangement data of the air bent pipe;
setting pipeline basic parameters according to the pipeline arrangement data, and generating a simplified model of the air elbow;
setting concave adjusting coefficients at the left side and the right side of a low-speed high-pressure area in the cross section of the air bent pipe;
calculating a cross-section size parameter of the bent pipe according to the pipeline basic parameter, the indent adjusting coefficient and a preset pipeline average gas flow rate;
perfecting the simplified model according to the elbow section size parameters to obtain a candidate three-dimensional model of the air elbow;
performing steady-state flow field analysis on the candidate three-dimensional model to obtain an analysis result;
judging whether the analysis result meets the preset performance requirement or not;
if the analysis result does not meet the preset performance requirement, adjusting the pipeline basic parameter and the indent adjustment coefficient, and returning to execute the step of calculating the cross-section size parameter of the bent pipe according to the pipeline basic parameter, the indent adjustment coefficient and the preset pipeline average gas flow rate;
and if the analysis result meets the preset performance requirement, completing the design of the air bent pipe.
4. The method for designing an air bend according to claim 3, wherein the method for setting the average gas flow rate of the pipeline comprises:
calculating gas density according to the preset inlet gas pressure, the preset inlet gas temperature and the gas constant;
and calculating to obtain the average gas flow rate of the pipeline according to the preset inlet gas pressure, the gas density and the gas insulation index.
5. The air elbow design method according to claim 3, wherein setting the pipeline base parameters according to the pipeline arrangement data, generating a simplified model of the air elbow comprises:
setting a central line parameter of the bent pipe in the pipeline basic parameters according to the pipeline arrangement data, wherein the central line parameter of the bent pipe comprises the radius of an arc section of the central line of the bent pipe;
generating a simplified three-dimensional model of the air elbow according to interface parameters of the air elbow and central line parameters of the elbow in the pipeline arrangement data by utilizing three-dimensional model design software, wherein the interface parameters of the air elbow comprise an inlet pipeline area, an inlet pipeline shape, an outlet pipeline area and an outlet pipeline shape;
and determining the equivalent diameter of the elbow section and the radius of the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the air elbow arc section in the pipeline basic parameters according to the simplified three-dimensional model.
6. The method of designing an air elbow according to claim 5, wherein calculating the elbow cross-sectional dimension parameter according to the pipeline base parameter and a preset pipeline average gas flow rate comprises:
calculating a diameter coefficient related to the average gas flow rate of the pipeline according to the radius of the arc section of the central line of the bent pipe, the radius of the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the arc section of the air bent pipe and the average gas flow rate of the pipeline;
calculating a first parameter and a second parameter in the cross section dimension parameters of the bent pipe according to the diameter coefficient and the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the bent pipe;
calculating a third parameter in the cross section dimension parameters of the bent pipe according to the indent adjusting coefficient and the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the bent pipe;
calculating the area of the elbow cross section according to the equivalent diameter of the elbow cross section, and calculating a fourth parameter in the elbow cross section size parameters according to the area of the elbow cross section, the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter;
the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter are size parameters of a low-speed high-pressure area in the cross section of the bent pipe, and the first parameter and the fourth parameter are size parameters of a high-speed low-pressure area in the cross section of the bent pipe.
7. The utility model provides an air return bend design device, its characterized in that, air return bend's return bend cross-section is non-circular, the cross-section that the return bend cross-section is the central point of return bend central line circular arc section place, the return bend cross-section includes low-speed high-pressure region and high-speed low pressure region, low-speed high-pressure region is located high-speed low pressure region top, the left and right sides of low-speed high pressure region is inwards sunken, the area of low-speed high pressure region is less than the area of high-speed low pressure region, air return bend design device includes:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring pipeline arrangement data of the air bent pipe;
the first setting unit is used for setting pipeline basic parameters according to the pipeline arrangement data and generating a simplified model of the air elbow;
the second setting unit is used for setting concave adjusting coefficients at the left side and the right side of a low-speed high-pressure area in the cross section of the air bent pipe;
the parameter calculation unit is used for calculating the section size parameter of the bent pipe according to the pipeline basic parameter, the indent adjusting coefficient and a preset pipeline average gas flow rate;
the model perfecting unit is used for perfecting the simplified model according to the section size parameter of the bent pipe to obtain a candidate three-dimensional model of the air bent pipe;
the model analysis unit is used for carrying out steady-state flow field analysis on the candidate three-dimensional model to obtain an analysis result;
the performance judging unit is used for judging whether the analysis result meets the preset performance requirement; if the analysis result does not meet the preset performance requirement, triggering a parameter adjusting unit; if the analysis result meets the preset performance requirement, completing the design of the air bent pipe;
the parameter adjusting unit is used for adjusting the pipeline basic parameters and the indent adjusting coefficients and triggering the parameter calculating unit.
8. The air elbow design device according to claim 7, further comprising:
a gas flow rate setting unit for calculating a gas density according to a preset inlet gas pressure, a preset inlet gas temperature, and a gas constant; and calculating to obtain the average gas flow rate of the pipeline according to the preset inlet gas pressure, the gas density and the gas insulation index.
9. The air elbow design device according to claim 7, wherein the first setting unit is specifically configured to set an elbow centerline parameter of the pipeline base parameters according to the pipeline arrangement data, where the elbow centerline parameter includes an elbow centerline arc segment radius; generating a simplified three-dimensional model of the air elbow according to interface parameters of the air elbow and central line parameters of the elbow in the pipeline arrangement data by utilizing three-dimensional model design software, wherein the interface parameters of the air elbow comprise an inlet pipeline area, an inlet pipeline shape, an outlet pipeline area and an outlet pipeline shape; and determining the equivalent diameter of the elbow section and the radius of the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the air elbow arc section in the pipeline basic parameters according to the simplified three-dimensional model.
10. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the parameter calculating unit is specifically configured to calculate a diameter coefficient related to the average gas flow rate of the pipeline according to the radius of the arc section of the central line of the elbow, the radius of the inner and outer wall surfaces of the arc section of the air elbow, and the average gas flow rate of the pipeline; calculating a first parameter and a second parameter in the cross section dimension parameters of the bent pipe according to the diameter coefficient and the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the bent pipe; calculating a third parameter in the cross section dimension parameters of the bent pipe according to the indent adjusting coefficient and the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the bent pipe; calculating the area of the elbow cross section according to the equivalent diameter of the elbow cross section, and calculating a fourth parameter in the elbow cross section size parameters according to the area of the elbow cross section, the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter; the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter are size parameters of a low-speed high-pressure area in the cross section of the bent pipe, and the first parameter and the fourth parameter are size parameters of a high-speed low-pressure area in the cross section of the bent pipe.
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