CN117433631B - Optical fiber laser positive reflection calculation device, calculation method and application method - Google Patents
Optical fiber laser positive reflection calculation device, calculation method and application method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
- G01J1/4257—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors applied to monitoring the characteristics of a beam, e.g. laser beam, headlamp beam
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
- G01J1/4228—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors arrangements with two or more detectors, e.g. for sensitivity compensation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
- H01S3/1305—Feedback control systems
Abstract
The application discloses a fiber laser positive reflection calculation device, a calculation method and an application method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the optical fiber receiving device comprises an input end photoelectric sensor, a transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device and an output end photoelectric sensor which are sequentially arranged, wherein the input end photoelectric sensor and the output end photoelectric sensor are used for receiving scattered light of an optical fiber; the acquisition and calculation module receives light intensity signals scattered by the optical fibers monitored by the input end photoelectric sensor and the output end photoelectric sensor; the acquisition and calculation module is used for converting the light intensity signals into detection light power values of the input end photoelectric sensor and the output end photoelectric sensor, and then acquiring the forward light power value, the reverse light power value and the return light power value according to the forward transmission efficiency, the reverse transmission efficiency and the detection light power value of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device. The optical power of forward transmission, the optical power of reverse transmission and the optical power of return light in the monitored optical fiber can be accurately calculated in the scene with return light interference.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a fiber laser, in particular to a fiber laser positive reflection calculation device, a calculation method and an application method.
Background
The fiber laser is widely applied to the fields of welding, cutting and the like due to the characteristics of good beam quality, high efficiency, compact structure, easy maintenance and the like.
In the laser cutting and welding process, materials such as copper alloy, aluminum alloy and the like have extremely strong reflection effect on laser, and although the laser output head of the fiber laser can partially attenuate the light reflected to the fiber laser on the surface of a processing workpiece, part of reflected light finally enters the fiber laser main body along the output fiber through the laser output head. The aforementioned externally reflected light entering the inside of the fiber laser body is referred to as return light.
When the return light is too strong, the optical devices in the optical fiber laser can be damaged, so that the return light needs to be monitored and safety interlocking is performed when the return light is too strong, and the optical fiber laser is prevented from being damaged. When the return light power is within the tolerance of the fiber laser, the return light can cause the photoelectric sensor in the fiber laser to be influenced by the forward transmitted output laser and the backward transmitted backward light, so that the laser power calculated according to the sampling value of the photoelectric sensor is higher than the actual output laser power, and the effect of a software control strategy based on the laser power calculated by the sampling value of the photoelectric sensor is interfered, including but not limited to performing closed-loop stable control on the output power of the fiber laser, performing safety interlocking on the abnormal output power of the fiber laser, and the like.
The interference can influence the reliability of the long-term operation of the fiber laser and the stability of output power, further influence the consistency of laser processing effect, reduce the yield of processed workpiece products, and have serious influence on the application with high requirement on the consistency of mass processes.
Accordingly, there is a need for fiber laser positive reflection resolution apparatus, resolution method and application method.
Disclosure of Invention
The forward reflection calculating device, the forward reflection calculating method and the application method of the fiber laser solve the problems in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a fiber laser positive reflection resolution device, the fiber laser positive reflection resolution device is disposed between a laser beam module and a laser output head, comprising:
the device comprises an input end photoelectric sensor, a transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device and an output end photoelectric sensor which are sequentially arranged, wherein the input end photoelectric sensor is arranged on an output optical fiber of the laser sub-beam module, the output end photoelectric sensor is arranged on an output optical fiber of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device, and the input end photoelectric sensor and the output end photoelectric sensor are used for receiving scattered light of the optical fiber;
setting an acquisition and calculation module to be connected with an input end photoelectric sensor and an output end photoelectric sensor in a wired or wireless way;
The acquisition and calculation module receives light intensity signals scattered by the optical fibers detected by the input end photoelectric sensor and the output end photoelectric sensor;
the acquisition and calculation module is used for converting the light intensity signals into detection light power values of the input end photoelectric sensor and the output end photoelectric sensor, and then acquiring the forward light power value, the reverse light power value and the return light power value according to the forward transmission efficiency and the reverse transmission efficiency of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device and the detection light power value.
Further, the laser forward transmission efficiency of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device is not equal to the reverse transmission efficiency of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device, and the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device specifically includes n×1 signal beam combiners with N paths of input and output with cladding light strippers in both input and output optical fibers, or a non-equal-diameter optical fiber device with cladding light strippers in both input and output optical fibers and with input optical fiber core diameters smaller than 1 path of input and 1 path of output optical fiber core diameters, where N is a positive integer.
Further, the acquisition and calculation module includes: the device comprises an optical power calculation unit, a transmission efficiency calibration unit and a forward and reverse optical power separation unit;
the forward and reverse optical power separation unit respectively receives data of the transmission efficiency calibration unit and the optical power calculation unit;
The optical power calculation unit converts the light intensity signals scattered by the monitored optical fibers collected by the input end photoelectric sensor and the output end photoelectric sensor, namely sampling values of the input end photoelectric sensor and the output end photoelectric sensor, into corresponding detection optical power values, and sends the detection optical power values to the forward and reverse optical power separation unit;
the transmission efficiency calibration unit calibrates and stores the forward transmission efficiency and the reverse transmission efficiency of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device and sends the forward transmission efficiency and the reverse transmission efficiency to the forward and reverse optical power separation unit;
and the forward and reverse optical power separation unit acquires a forward optical power value, a reverse optical power value and a return optical power value according to the forward transmission efficiency, the reverse transmission efficiency and the detection optical power value.
Further, the optical power calculation unit is configured to convert sampling values of the input end photoelectric sensor and the output end photoelectric sensor into corresponding detection optical power values, and includes:
the optical power calculation unit records N input-end photoelectric sensors as { PD ] n Sampled values of n=1, 2, …, N } and 1 output photosensor, denoted PD 0 The sampling value of (1) is converted by a pre-calibrated corresponding relation to obtain (n+1) detection light power values { P) consistent with the transmission laser power in the optical fiber monitored by the photoelectric sensor n N=0, 1, …, N, where N is a positive integer.
Further, the transmission efficiency calibration unit is specifically configured to: the calibration of the forward transmission efficiency and the reverse transmission efficiency of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device is completed before the delivery of the optical fiber laser or after the maintenance of the optical fiber laser; n forward transmission efficiencies { alpha }, when the fiber laser is started to initialize after calibration is completed 1 ,α 2 ,…,α N And N reverse transmission efficiencies { beta }, respectively 1 ,β 2 ,…,β N Reading the data from the memory unit of the transmission calibration unit, and providing the data to the forward and backward direction optical power separation unit.
Further, the forward and reverse optical power separation unit is specifically configured to: according to the (n+1) detected light power values { P } obtained by the light power calculation unit n N=0, 1, …, N } and reads the N forward transmission efficiencies { α } supplied from the transmission efficiency calibration unit 1 ,α 2 ,…,α N And N reverse transmission efficiencies { beta }, respectively 1 ,β 2 ,…,β N Respectively calculating the forward optical power value { X } transmitted on the output optical fiber of each laser beam module when the return light exists 1 ,X 2 ,…,X N Reverse optical power value { Y } 1 ,Y 2 ,…,Y N Transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device output optical fiber forward optical power value X 0 Return optical power value Y 0 ；
Detection light power value { P } obtained by N input-end photoelectric sensors n N=1, …, N } corresponds to the optical power transmitted by the N laser beam output fibers and also corresponds to the optical power transmitted by the N input fibers of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device; detection light power value P obtained by 1 output end photoelectric sensor 0 The optical power transmitted by the output optical fiber corresponding to the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device can be determined according to the physical model and the definition of each variable, and the detected optical power value P when the forward transmission laser light and the return light exist at the same time n The sum of the forward optical power value and the return optical power value output by the laser sub-beam module n multiplied by the reverse transmission efficiency corresponding to the nth path is used for detecting the optical power value P 0 For the sum of the return light power and the forward light power values of all the laser beam modules multiplied by the corresponding forward transmission efficiency products, namely, the variables satisfy the following relation:
equation 2 can be obtained according to equation 1, i.e., the forward optical power value { X } transmitted on the output fiber of each laser beam module when there is return light is calculated 1 ,X 2 ,…,X N Reverse optical power value { Y } 1 ,Y 2 ,…,Y N Transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device output optical fiber forward optical power value X 0 Return optical power value Y 0 ：
Further, the optical power calculating unit is specifically configured to:
before the delivery of the optical fiber laser or after maintenance, calibrating the input end photoelectric sensor and the output end photoelectric sensor in advance, namely, establishing a sampling value of the input end photoelectric sensor/the output end photoelectric sensor and a corresponding table of an optical power test value of the monitored optical fiber transmission laser in advance, namely, a corresponding table of sampling power, and writing the corresponding table of sampling power into a memory of an optical power calculation unit;
When the laser is started to initialize after the calibration is completed, calculating the slope between every two photoelectric sensor sampling value records in all sampling power corresponding tables according to the sampling power corresponding tables of all input photoelectric sensors and output photoelectric sensors read from a storage unit of the optical power calculation unit;
when the laser outputs laser after calibration is completed, according to sampling values of all photoelectric sensors, a sampling power corresponding table obtained from an optical power calculation unit and a slope calculated in an initialization stage, detecting optical power values corresponding to the sampling values of all photoelectric sensors are calculated: comparing sampling values of all photoelectric sensors with sampling value records in a corresponding sampling power corresponding table one by one, and solving a detection light power value corresponding to the sampling value of the photoelectric sensor according to the sampling value records of the photoelectric sensor, the optical power test value record and the slope corresponding to the two continuous records when the sampling value of the photoelectric sensor is between the two continuous sampling value records of the photoelectric sensor; when the sampling value of the photoelectric sensor is larger than the last sampling value record of the photoelectric sensor in the corresponding sampling power corresponding table, solving the detection light power value corresponding to the sampling value of the photoelectric sensor according to the last sampling value record of the photoelectric sensor, the light power test value and the slope.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a forward and backward optical resolution method of an optical fiber laser, including the following steps:
c1, a calibration process before delivery or after maintenance of the fiber laser is performed in advance, sampling power corresponding tables of N input-end photoelectric sensors are obtained, and sampling power corresponding tables of 1 output-end photoelectric sensor are obtained;
c2, carrying out calibration process before delivery or after maintenance of the fiber laser in advance, and obtaining the forward and reverse transmission efficiency values of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device;
c3, before the laser outputs laser, reading forward transmission efficiency and reverse transmission efficiency from a storage unit of the transmission calibration unit, and providing the forward and reverse transmission efficiency and the reverse transmission efficiency for the forward and reverse optical power separation unit;
before the laser outputs laser, a functional relation between sampling values of the sensors and detection light power is established according to a sampling power corresponding table of the photoelectric sensor at the input end and the photoelectric sensor at the output end;
when the laser outputs laser, according to the function relation between the sampling value of each sensor and the detection light power, the sampling values of the photoelectric sensor at the input end and the photoelectric sensor at the output end are converted into detection light power values through a sampling power corresponding table, and the detection light power values are provided for a positive and negative direction light power separation unit for use;
C6, making the forward light power value in each laser sub-beam module output optical fiber of the laser be { X } 1 ,X 2 ,…,X N Reverse optical power value in output optical fiber of each laser sub-beam module is { Y } 1 ,Y 2 ,…,Y N The forward optical power value of the output optical fiber through the nonreciprocal optical device is X 0 The value of the return light power of the output optical fiber passing through the nonreciprocal optical device is Y 0 The detection light power value obtained by the photoelectric sensors at N input ends, namely the light power transmitted by the output optical fibers of N laser sub-beams, namely the light power transmitted in N input optical fibers of the nonreciprocal optical device with transmission efficiency, is { P } 1 ,P 2 ,…,P N The detected light power value obtained by 1 output end photoelectric sensor, namely the light power transmitted by the output optical fiber of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device is P 0 N forward transmission efficiencies of the non-reciprocal optical device are { alpha } 1 ,α 2 ,…,α N N reverse transmission efficiencies of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device are { beta } 1 ,β 2 ,…,β N According to the physical model and the definition of each variable, each variable satisfies the following relationship:
the materials are arranged to obtain the product 2,
according to the method of 2, the forward/reverse optical power separation unit can convert the (n+1) detected optical power values { P) obtained by converting the (n+1) photoelectric sensor sampling values provided by the optical power calculation unit n N=0, 1, …, N }, in combination with N forward transmission efficiencies { α } provided by the transmission efficiency calibration unit 1 ,α 2 ,…,α N And N reverse transmission efficiencies { beta }, respectively 1 ,β 2 ,…,β N Respectively calculating the forward optical power value { X } transmitted on the output optical fiber of each laser beam module when the return light exists 1 ,X 2 ,…,X N Reverse optical power value { Y } 1 ,Y 2 ,…,Y N Transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device output optical fiber forward optical power value X 0 Return optical power value Y 0 。
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
the calibration process before delivery or after maintenance of the fiber laser is performed in advance, sampling power corresponding tables of the N input-end photoelectric sensors are obtained, and sampling power corresponding tables of the 1 output-end photoelectric sensors are obtained; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a1, before the delivery of the fiber laser or after maintenance, the photoelectric sensors of N input ends are marked as { PD ] n N=1, 2, …, N }, N being a positive integer, pre-calibrated:
PD n The optical power meter is arranged on the output optical fiber of the laser sub-beam module n and is used for testing the laser power transmitted forward by the laser sub-beam module n, and the optical power test value obtained by the optical power meter is equal to PD n The current transmitted laser power value of the monitored optical fiber controls the output power of the laser sub-beam module to gradually increase from 0% to 100% with a fixed step length of x%, and the PD under the current output power is tested and recorded once the output power is increased n Wherein the mth recorded PD is n The sampled value of (1) is denoted as V nm The optical power test value recorded at the mth time is recorded as R nm A total of M sets of data;
after the test is completed, PD n Writing the sampled values and the corresponding tables of the optical power test values, namely the corresponding tables of the sampled powers, which are obtained in the calibration process, into a memory of an optical power calculation unit, and sequentially completing the pre-calibration of all N input-end photoelectric sensors and the storage of the corresponding tables of the sampled powers;
a2, marking the output end photoelectric sensor as PD before the delivery of the fiber laser or after maintenance 0 And (3) pre-calibrating:
connecting output optical fibers of N laser sub-beam modules with input optical fibers of a transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device, and connecting PD 0 The optical power meter is used for testing the laser power of the laser beam module, which is transmitted forward through the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device, and the optical power test value obtained by the optical power meter is equal to PD 0 The current transmitted laser power value of the monitored optical fiber is controlled, the output power of all laser sub-beam modules is controlled to be gradually increased from 0% to 100% at a fixed step length x%, and the PD under the current output power is recorded when the output power is increased once 0 Wherein the mth recorded PD is 0 The sampled value of (1) is denoted as V 0m The optical power test value recorded at the mth time is recorded as R 0m A total of M sets of data;
after the test is completed, the photosensor PD 0 And writing the sampling power corresponding table obtained in the calibration process into a memory of the optical power calculation unit.
Further, before the laser outputs laser light, a functional relationship between sampling values of the sensors and detection light power is established according to a sampling power correspondence table of the input end photoelectric sensor and the output end photoelectric sensor, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a3, before the laser outputs laser, reading the sampling power corresponding table of the N input end photoelectric sensors and the 1 output end photoelectric sensor from the storage unit of the optical power calculation unitThen calculate the slope K between every two points nm Wherein the subscript n corresponds to the input/output PD n N=0, 1, …, N, in the following manner: when m is<K at M nm ＝(R n(m+1) -R nm )/(V n(m+1) -V nm ) When m=m, K nM ＝K n(M-1) ；
Wherein, N input end photoelectric sensors are named as PD n N=1, 2, …, N is a positive integer, where PD of the mth record n The sampled value of (1) is denoted as V nm The optical power test value recorded at the mth time is recorded as R nm M groups of data are arranged in the sampling power corresponding tables of the photoelectric sensors at the N input ends; output photoelectric sensor, denoted as PD 0 Wherein the Mth recorded PD 0 The sampled value of (1) is denoted as V 0m The optical power test value recorded at the mth time is recorded as R 0m A total of M sets of data;
when the laser outputs laser, according to the functional relation between the sampling values of the sensors and the detection light power, the sampling values of the photoelectric sensors at the input end and the photoelectric sensors at the output end are converted into detection light power values through a sampling power corresponding table, and the detection light power values are provided for a positive and negative direction light power separation unit;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a4, when the laser outputs laser, the optical power calculation unit obtains sampling values of all the photoelectric sensors
{U n N=0, 1, …, N }, where U n Corresponding PD n Will U n And input terminal PD n The sampling values in the sampling power corresponding table are compared one by one, and a serial number l is found to lead U n ≥V nl At the same time U n <V l+1 V when l=m is the last point l+1 Is not present, at this time satisfy U n ≥V M ；
A5, obtaining corresponding V according to the found sequence number l nl 、R nl 、K nl Calculate PD when the laser outputs laser light n Detection light power value P corresponding to sampling value n Calculation methodThe method comprises the following steps: p (P) n ＝R nl +(U n -V nl )K nl 。
Further, the calibration process before delivery or after maintenance of the fiber laser is performed in advance, to obtain the forward and reverse transmission efficiency values of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device, which specifically includes:
B1, after the laser finishes the pre-calibration of all the input end photoelectric sensors and the output end photoelectric sensors, outputting laser to the light receiving equipment without return light, when n=n=1, controlling the laser sub-beam module to output, when N>1, sequentially controlling the laser sub-beam modules N to output and the rest of the laser sub-beam modules not to output, wherein n=1, … and N; PD on output fiber of laser sub-beam module n n PD on transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device output fiber 0 The sampled value of (2) is sent to an optical power calculation unit to calculate PD according to the steps of A3, A4 and A5 n The power value of the transmission laser in the detected optical fiber, namely the power value P of the forward laser output from the laser sub-beam n to the nth input of the nonreciprocal optical device n The PD is calculated according to the steps of A3-A5 in the optical power calculation unit 0 The power of the transmission laser in the detected optical fiber, namely the laser power value P of the forward laser after passing through the nonreciprocal optical device with transmission efficiency 0 Using P 0 Divided by P n The forward transmission efficiency alpha of the nth input of the non-reciprocal optical device corresponding to the transmission efficiency can be obtained n The values of N are sequentially changed from 1 to N, and the steps are repeated, so that the forward transmission efficiency calibration of all N paths of the corresponding transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device can be completed, and N forward transmission efficiencies { alpha } are obtained 1 ,α 2 ,…,α N }；
B2, connecting the output optical fiber of the reverse efficiency test light source to the output optical fiber of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device, wherein the output optical fiber of the reverse efficiency test light source and the output optical fiber of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device are of the same specification, controlling all laser beam modules to have no output, sending sampling values of all N input end photoelectric sensors and 1 output end photoelectric sensor to an optical power calculation unit, and sending the sampling values to the optical power calculation unit according to the power calculation unitThe step of A3-A5 calculates PD 1 To PD N The power of the transmission laser in the optical fibers detected by all N input detectors, namely the laser power value { P } of the reverse laser output by the reverse efficiency test light source enters the laser sub-beam N after passing through the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device n N=1, …, N }, and PD 0 The power of the transmission laser in the detected optical fiber, namely the laser power value P of the reverse laser output by the reverse efficiency test light source entering the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device 0 Will all { P ] n N=1, …, N } divided by P, respectively 0 Obtaining N reverse transmission efficiency values { beta } of the corresponding transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device 1 ,β 2 ,…,β N }；
B3N forward transmission efficiencies { alpha } of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device 1 ,α 2 ,…,α N And N reverse transmission efficiencies { beta }, respectively 1 ,β 2 ,…,β N Writing into the memory of the transmission efficiency calibration unit.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an anti-return light interference method applied to the forward reflection resolution device of a fiber laser according to any one of the first aspect, including a control module, where the forward and reverse optical power separation units transmit the forward optical power value, the reverse optical power value, and the return optical power value to the control module of the fiber laser according to the forward transmission efficiency and the reverse transmission efficiency provided by the transmission efficiency calibration unit, and the detected optical power value, jie Suanchu forward optical power value, reverse optical power value, and return optical power value provided by the optical power calculation unit;
the control module is used for controlling and realizing safety interlocking on the fiber laser based on the received data;
the operation control module is based on the forward light power value calculated by the forward light reflection calculating device of the fiber laser, and respectively takes the forward light power value transmitted in the output fiber of each laser sub-beam module as a control object, adjusts the output current of a pumping driving unit inside each laser sub-beam module through a closed-loop feedback control algorithm, and performs closed-loop control on the output power of each laser sub-beam module.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a safety interlock method using the forward reflection resolution apparatus of a fiber laser according to any one of the first aspects, including a control module, wherein the forward and reverse optical power separation units transmit forward and reverse optical power values, jie Suanchu forward, reverse and return optical power values, according to the forward and reverse transmission efficiencies provided by the transmission efficiency calibration unit, and the detected optical power value provided by the optical power calculation unit, to the control module of the fiber laser;
The control module is used for controlling and realizing safety interlocking on the fiber laser based on the received data;
the operation control module calculates the deviation proportion or deviation value { delta P of the forward light power value transmitted in the output optical fiber of each laser sub-beam and the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device and the forward light power value under normal condition pre-stored in the control module or obtained by interpolation based on the forward light power value calculated by the forward light reflection calculating device of the fiber laser n ,n＝0,…,N}；
If the laser beam module n corresponds to DeltaP n The absolute value of (a) is greater than a preset safety threshold DeltaR n The safety interlock is started, alarm information of abnormal power output of the laser sub-beam module n is sent, and the pump driving unit n corresponding to the laser sub-beam module n is closed; ΔP if transmission efficiency is not reciprocal optics 0 The absolute value of (a) is greater than a preset safety threshold DeltaR 0 And { DeltaP corresponding to all laser sub-beam modules n N=1, …, N } does not exceed a preset safety threshold Δr n And starting the safety interlock, sending alarm information of abnormal power output of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device, and closing pumping driving units of all the laser beam modules.
In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a safety interlock method using the forward reflection resolution apparatus of a fiber laser according to any one of the first aspects, including a control module, wherein the forward and reverse optical power separation units transmit forward and reverse optical power values, jie Suanchu forward, reverse and return optical power values, according to the forward and reverse transmission efficiencies provided by the transmission efficiency calibration unit, and the detected optical power value provided by the optical power calculation unit, to the control module of the fiber laser;
The control module is used for controlling and realizing safety interlocking on the fiber laser based on the received data;
the operation control module calculates the deviation ratio or deviation value { delta N of the reverse light power value transmitted in the output optical fiber of each laser sub-beam and the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device and the normal reverse light power value pre-stored in the control module or obtained by interpolation based on the forward light power value and the reverse light power value calculated by the forward light reflection calculating device of the fiber laser n ,n＝0,…,N}；
If DeltaN corresponding to the laser beam module N n The absolute value of (a) is greater than a preset safety threshold DeltaR n The safety interlock is started, alarm information of abnormal reverse optical power of the laser sub-beam module n is sent, and the pump driving unit n corresponding to the laser sub-beam module n is closed; if the transmission efficiency is delta N corresponding to the nonreciprocal optical device 0 The absolute value of (a) is greater than a preset safety threshold DeltaR 0 And { DeltaN that all laser beam modules correspond to n N=1, …, N } does not exceed a preset safety threshold Δr n And starting the safety interlock, sending alarm information of abnormal return light power of the non-reciprocal optical device with transmission efficiency, and closing pumping driving units of all the laser beam modules.
The beneficial effects of this application:
According to the forward reflection calculating device, the calculating method and the application method of the fiber laser disclosed by the application, forward transmission optical power, reverse transmission optical power and return optical power in the monitored fiber can be calculated through the photoelectric sensor sampling value under the scene with return optical interference, and the problem that forward transmission laser power calculation is inaccurate due to the existence of return optical interference in the prior art can be solved.
Based on the forward reflection calculation device, the calculation method and the application method of the fiber laser disclosed by the application, the anti-return light interference method can be further obtained, and the calculated forward light power value on the laser sub-beam output fiber is used as a control target during power closed loop feedback control, so that the problems that the actual output power of the fiber laser is lower than a set target value and large fluctuation easily occurs due to return light interference in the prior art can be fundamentally solved, the stability of fiber laser power output and the accuracy of laser power display in the presence of return light are improved, and the stability of laser processing quality is further improved.
Based on the fiber laser positive reflection calculation device, the calculation method and the application method disclosed by the application, two fiber laser safety interlocking methods can be further obtained, when the transmission power in the monitored fiber is abnormal, the fiber laser positive reflection calculation device can be positioned in the condition that the abnormality is caused by the abnormality of an internal module of the fiber laser or caused by the overhigh external return light, and the problem that the traditional safety interlocking scheme cannot accurately position faults can be solved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the present application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the present application and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the present application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a forward and reverse optical resolution device of a single-module fiber laser of a forward and reverse optical resolution device of a fiber laser according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a forward and reverse optical resolution device of a multi-module fiber laser of a forward and reverse optical resolution device of a fiber laser according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of parameter transfer between units in a forward/backward optical resolution method of an optical fiber laser according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples are not representative of all implementations consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the accompanying claims.
The fiber laser is widely applied to the fields of welding, cutting and the like due to the characteristics of good beam quality, high efficiency, compact structure, easy maintenance and the like. In the laser cutting and welding process, materials such as copper alloy, aluminum alloy and the like have extremely strong reflection effect on laser, and although the laser output head of the fiber laser can partially attenuate the light reflected to the fiber laser on the surface of a processing workpiece, part of reflected light finally enters the fiber laser main body along the output fiber through the laser output head. When the return light is too strong, the optical devices in the optical fiber laser can be damaged, so that the return light needs to be monitored and safety interlocking is performed when the return light is too strong, and the optical fiber laser is prevented from being damaged. When the return light power is within the tolerance of the fiber laser, the return light can cause the photoelectric sensor in the fiber laser to be influenced by the forward transmitted output laser and the backward transmitted backward light, so that the laser power calculated according to the sampling value of the photoelectric sensor is higher than the actual output laser power, and the effect of a software control strategy based on the laser power calculated by the sampling value of the photoelectric sensor is interfered, including but not limited to performing closed-loop stable control on the output power of the fiber laser, performing safety interlocking on the abnormal output power of the fiber laser, and the like. The interference can influence the reliability of the long-term operation of the fiber laser and the stability of output power, further influence the consistency of laser processing effect, reduce the yield of processed workpiece products, and have serious influence on the application with high requirement on the consistency of mass processes.
In the prior art, a photoelectric sensor is generally used for laser power monitoring and feedback control in an optical fiber laser, the principle is that the photoelectric sensor is used for detecting the intensity of Rayleigh scattered light in the optical fiber, the power value of guided laser in the optical fiber is calculated according to the acquisition value of the photoelectric sensor, and if a feedback algorithm is further adopted for carrying out closed-loop feedback control on the laser power according to the guided laser power value measured and calculated by the acquisition value of the photoelectric sensor, the high stability of the output power of the optical fiber laser can be realized. When a laser is used for welding or cutting high-reflection materials, reverse transmission light exists in the detected optical fiber besides forward transmission laser, the reverse light refers to attenuation of laser sub-beams, at the moment, the closed loop control algorithm is not maintained to be stable in forward transmission laser, but is maintained to be stable in forward transmission laser and reverse transmission light total power, when the current power closed loop feedback algorithm based on a photoelectric sensor sampling value exists, the returned light refers to external returned total light, the actual output power of the optical fiber laser is lower than a set target value, the power value calculated according to the photoelectric sensor sampling value and transmitted to a user is higher than the actual output power, and more importantly, at the moment, the unavoidable large change of the returned light can cause large fluctuation of the actual output power of the optical fiber laser, obvious change of a processing effect is caused, and the processing yield is reduced.
The mainstream scheme is to add a cladding light stripper (CPS) at the output position of the laser to filter the return light. CPS can scatter the returned light transmitted in the optical fiber cladding to the outside of the optical fiber for filtering, but the CPS cannot be used for the returned light transmitted in the optical fiber core, so that the problem of the interference of the output power of the optical fiber laser caused by the returned light is not fundamentally solved.
The traditional method for safety interlocking based on the sampling value of the photoelectric sensor comprises the following steps: setting the output power of the fiber laser, converting the optical power in the monitored fiber in real time according to the sampling value of the photoelectric sensor, and if the corresponding optical power deviates from the set power value obviously, judging that the fiber laser is abnormal, and closing the fiber laser by safety interlocking. The traditional method can not distinguish the power proportion of forward transmission light and reverse transmission light in the monitored optical fiber, so that only the occurrence of an abnormality can be judged, but the abnormality can not be judged whether the abnormality is caused by the inside of the optical fiber laser or by the too high external return light, and therefore, the traditional safety interlocking method can not give accurate fault location and is not beneficial to fault investigation and diagnosis.
The application provides a forward reflection calculating device, a calculating method and an application method of an optical fiber laser, wherein the corresponding interlocking method can calculate forward transmission optical power, reverse transmission optical power and return optical power in a monitored optical fiber simultaneously through a photoelectric sensor sampling value when return optical interference exists, and the problem that forward transmission laser power calculation is inaccurate due to the existence of the return optical interference in the prior art can be solved.
During power closed loop feedback control, the calculated forward optical power value on the laser sub-beam output fiber is used as a control target, so that the problems that the actual output power of the fiber laser is lower than a set target value and large fluctuation is easy to occur due to return light interference in the prior art can be fundamentally solved, the stability of fiber laser power output and the accuracy of laser power display when the return light exists are improved, and the stability of laser processing quality is further improved.
Because the method provided by the application can accurately acquire the forward optical power value and the reverse transmission optical power value in the optical fiber monitored by the device, a new safety interlocking strategy can be set based on the forward optical power value and the reverse transmission optical power value: if the calculated reverse transmission light power exceeds a preset safety threshold, a safety interlock is started, alarm information of excessive return light is reported to a control system, and a corresponding module in the optical fiber laser is closed, so that the optical fiber laser is prevented from being damaged when the return light is excessive; if the calculated reverse transmission optical power is within the safety threshold value, but the forward optical power value of a certain module in the fiber laser is abnormal, a safety interlock is started, the abnormal power output information of the module is reported to a control system, and the corresponding module is closed so as to prevent secondary damage. In summary, when the transmission power in the optical fiber monitored by the device is abnormal, the safety interlocking strategy can be positioned whether the abnormality is caused by the abnormality of the internal module of the optical fiber laser or caused by the overhigh external return light, and the problem that the traditional safety interlocking scheme cannot accurately perform fault positioning can be solved.
The application scene of the application is as follows: the method comprises the steps of calibrating forward and reverse transmission efficiency, resolving a forward and reverse optical power separating unit, performing output power closed-loop control based on the resolved forward optical power value, and performing safety interlocking based on the resolved forward optical power value, reverse optical power value and return optical power value.
The technical conception of the method is that photoelectric sensors are placed on the N paths of input sides and the 1 paths of output sides of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device by utilizing the characteristic that the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device is different in forward transmission efficiency and reverse transmission efficiency, sampling values of (n+1) monitoring points are obtained at the same time, and then according to the converted (n+1) detection light power values and N groups of forward and reverse transmission efficiencies, forward light power values, reverse light power values and return light power values are calculated according to the calculation method provided by the method.
Example 1:
for the content of the present application, fig. 1 below is a schematic diagram of a forward and reverse optical resolution device of a single-module fiber laser of a forward and reverse optical resolution device of a fiber laser according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a forward and reverse optical resolution device of a multi-module fiber laser of a forward and reverse optical resolution device of a fiber laser according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Fig. 1 and fig. 2 show schematic device diagrams of a forward and reverse optical resolution device of an optical fiber laser on two different module numbers, and for the forward and reverse optical resolution method of an optical fiber laser provided in the application, as shown in fig. 3, the method comprises the following steps:
A. Optical power calculation unit
The optical power calculation unit mainly converts sampling values of the input end photoelectric sensor and the output end photoelectric sensor into corresponding detection optical power values and sends the detection optical power values to the forward and reverse optical power separation unit. The processing method for converting the sampling value of the photoelectric sensor into the detection light power value is as follows. Wherein A1 and A2 are pre-calibration processes before delivery or after maintenance of the fiber laser, and the steps A3-A5 are directly executed without repeated operations in subsequent use.
A1. Before the delivery of the fiber laser or after maintenance, N input-end photoelectric sensors (denoted as { PD ] n N=1, 2, …, N }, N being a positive integer). PD n Is mounted on the output fiber of the laser beam module n,testing the laser power transmitted forward by the laser sub-beam module n using an optical power meter, wherein the optical power test value obtained by the optical power meter is equal to PD n The laser power value currently transmitted by the monitored optical fiber. Controlling the output power of the laser sub-beam module to gradually increase from 0% to 100% by a fixed step length x%, and testing and recording the PD at the current output power every time the output power is increased n Wherein the mth recorded PD is n The sampled value of (1) is denoted as V nm The optical power test value recorded at the mth time is recorded as R nm Together M sets of data. After the test is completed, PD n And writing the sampling value and the corresponding table of the optical power test value (simply called as the corresponding table of the sampling power) obtained in the calibration process into a memory of the optical power calculation unit, and sequentially completing the pre-calibration of all N input-end photoelectric sensors and the storage of the corresponding table of the sampling power.
A2. Before the delivery of the fiber laser or after maintenance, the output end photoelectric sensor (denoted as PD 0 ) And (5) performing pre-calibration. Connecting output optical fibers of N laser sub-beam modules with input optical fibers of a transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device, and connecting PD 0 The optical power meter is used for testing the laser power of the laser beam module, which is transmitted forward through the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device, and the optical power test value obtained by the optical power meter is equal to PD 0 The laser power value currently transmitted by the monitored optical fiber. Simultaneously controlling the output power of all laser sub-beam modules to be gradually increased from 0% to 100% at a fixed step length x%, and recording the PD under the current output power when the output power is increased once 0 Wherein the mth recorded PD is 0 The sampled value of (1) is denoted as V 0m The optical power test value recorded at the mth time is recorded as R 0m Together M sets of data. After the test is completed, the sampling power corresponding table obtained in the photoelectric sensor calibration process is written into a memory of the optical power calculation unit.
A3. Before the laser outputs laser, the sampling power corresponding table of N input end photoelectric sensors and 1 output end photoelectric sensor is calculated from the optical powerRead from the memory cells of the cell and then calculate the slope K between every two points nm Wherein the subscript n corresponds to the input/output PD n N=0, 1, …, N. The calculation method is as follows: when m is<K at M nm ＝(R n(m+1) -R nm )/(V n(m+1) -V nm ) When m=m, K nM ＝K n(M-1) 。
A4. When the laser outputs laser light, the optical power calculation unit obtains sampling values { U } of all the photoelectric sensors n N=0, 1, …, N }, where U n Corresponding PD n Is used for the sampling value of (a). U is set to n And input terminal PD n The sampling values in the sampling power corresponding table are compared one by one, and a serial number l is found to lead U n ≥V nl At the same time U n <V l+1 V when l=m is the last point l+1 Is not present, only needs to meet U n ≥V M And (3) obtaining the product.
A5. Obtaining corresponding V according to the found sequence number l nl 、R nl 、K nl Calculate PD when the laser outputs laser light n Detection light power value P corresponding to sampling value n . The calculation method is as follows: p (P) n ＝R nl +(U n -V nl )K nl 。
B. Transmission efficiency calibration unit
The transmission efficiency calibration unit mainly finishes accurate calibration of forward and reverse transmission efficiency values of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device before delivery or after maintenance of the optical fiber laser, and only N forward transmission efficiencies and N reverse transmission efficiencies are read from a storage unit of the transmission calibration unit and provided for a forward and reverse optical power separation unit to use when the laser is started to initialize after the calibration is finished in daily operation after the calibration is finished. The calibration steps are as follows:
B1. after the laser finishes the pre-calibration of all the input end photoelectric sensors and the output end photoelectric sensors, the laser outputs laser light to a light receiving device without return light, such as a power meter or a light receiving cylinder, so as to avoid the return lightAnd the interference of the return light on the calibration result. When n=n=1, controlling the laser beam module N to output; when N is>1, the laser sub-beam modules N are controlled to output in turn, and the rest of the laser sub-beam modules do not output, wherein n=1, …, N. PD on output fiber of laser sub-beam module n n PD on transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device output fiber 0 The sampled value of (2) is sent to an optical power calculation unit, and PD is calculated according to the steps of A3-A5 in the optical power calculation unit n The power value of the transmission laser in the detected optical fiber, namely the power value P of the forward laser output from the laser sub-beam n to the nth input of the nonreciprocal optical device n The PD is calculated according to the steps of A3-A5 in the optical power calculation unit 0 The power of the transmission laser in the detected optical fiber, namely the laser power value P of the forward laser after passing through the nonreciprocal optical device with transmission efficiency 0 . Using P 0 Divided by P n The forward transmission efficiency alpha of the nth input of the non-reciprocal optical device with transmission efficiency can be obtained n . The values of N are sequentially changed from 1 to N, and the steps are repeated, so that the forward transmission efficiency calibration of all N paths of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device can be completed, and N forward transmission efficiencies { alpha } are obtained 1 ,α 2 ,…,α N }。
B2. The output optical fiber of the reverse efficiency test light source is connected to the output optical fiber of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device, the output optical fiber of the reverse efficiency test light source and the output optical fiber of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device are of the same specification, all laser beam modules are controlled to be output-free, the output power of the reverse efficiency test light source is controlled to be not more than the minimum value of the maximum reverse power bearable by the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device and all laser beam modules, so that the safety of the optical fiber laser in the reverse efficiency test process is ensured, and meanwhile, the output power of the reverse efficiency test light source is controlled to be obviously higher than the sum of the lowest detection powers of all input-end photoelectric sensors, so that the accuracy of the reverse efficiency test is ensured. Sending sampling values of all N input-end photoelectric sensors and 1 output-end photoelectric sensor into an optical power calculation unit, and calculating PD according to the steps A3-A5 in the power calculation unit 1 To PD N All N inputsThe power of the transmission laser in the optical fiber detected by the detector, namely the laser power value { P } of the reverse laser output by the reverse efficiency test light source entering the laser beam n after passing through the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device n N=1, …, N }, and PD 0 The power of the transmission laser in the detected optical fiber, namely the laser power value P of the reverse laser output by the reverse efficiency test light source entering the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device 0 . Will all { P ] n N=1, …, N } divided by P, respectively 0 The N reverse transmission efficiency values { beta } of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device can be obtained 1 ,β 2 ,…,β N }。
B3. N forward transmission efficiencies { alpha } of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device 1 ,α 2 ,…,α N And N reverse transmission efficiencies { beta }, respectively 1 ,β 2 ,…,β N Writing into the memory of the transmission efficiency calibration unit.
C. Forward and reverse optical power separation unit
The forward and reverse optical power separating unit mainly obtains (n+1) power values according to the optical power calculating unit
{P n N=0, 1, …, N }, and reads the N forward transmission efficiencies and the N reverse transmission efficiencies provided by the transmission efficiency calibration unit, and calculates the forward optical power value and the reverse output power according to the method provided by the application.
The forward light power value in the output optical fiber of each laser sub-beam module of the laser at a certain moment is { X } 1 ,X 2 ,…,X N Reverse optical power value in output optical fiber of each laser sub-beam module is { Y } 1 ,Y 2 ,…,Y N The forward optical power value of the output optical fiber through the nonreciprocal optical device is X 0 The value of the return light power of the output optical fiber passing through the nonreciprocal optical device is Y 0 The detection light power value obtained by the photoelectric sensors at N input ends, namely the light power transmitted by the output optical fibers of N laser sub-beams, namely the light power transmitted in N input optical fibers of the nonreciprocal optical device with transmission efficiency, is { P } 1 ,P 2 ,…,P N Detection light power value obtained by 1 output end photoelectric sensor, namely transmission efficiency nonreciprocalThe output optical fiber of the optical device transmits light with power P 0 N forward transmission efficiencies of the non-reciprocal optical device are { alpha } 1 ,α 2 ,…,α N N reverse transmission efficiencies of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device are { beta } 1 ,β 2 ,…,β N According to the physical model and the definition of each variable, each variable satisfies the following relationship:
i.e. when there is both forward transmission laser light and return light, the value of the probe light power P n The sum of the forward optical power value and the return optical power value output by the laser sub-beam module n multiplied by the reverse transmission efficiency corresponding to the nth path is used for detecting the optical power value P 0 The sum of the return light power and the forward light power values of all the laser sub-beam modules is multiplied by the corresponding forward transmission efficiency products.
Finishing the product 1 to obtain
According to the method of 2, the forward/reverse optical power separation unit can convert the (n+1) detected optical power values { P) obtained by converting the (n+1) photoelectric sensor sampling values provided by the optical power calculation unit n N=0, 1, …, N }, in combination with N forward transmission efficiencies { α } provided by the transmission efficiency calibration unit 1 ,α 2 ,…,α N And N reverse transmission efficiencies { beta }, respectively 1 ,β 2 ,…,β N Respectively calculating the forward optical power value { X } transmitted on the output optical fiber of each laser beam module when the return light exists 1 ,X 2 ,…,X N Reverse optical power value { Y } 1 ,Y 2 ,…,Y N Transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device output optical fiber forward optical power value X 0 Return optical power value Y 0 。
Based on the specific example 2 of example 1,
when a 3000W single-module fiber laser leaves a factory and is pre-calibrated, the relation between a photoelectric sensor sampling value and an optical power testing value is shown in table 1. The forward transmission efficiency alpha of the nonreciprocal optical device is calibrated by calibrating the transmission efficiency alpha of the fiber laser 1 98.4% of reverse transmission efficiency beta 1 25.7%.
Table 1 sample power mapping table for a single mode fiber laser photosensor
| Sampling point sequence number | PD 1 Sampling value | PD 0 Sampling value | Optical power test value (W) |
| 1 | 212 | 201 | 312 |
| 2 | 417 | 396 | 621 |
| 3 | 617 | 586 | 927 |
| 4 | 821 | 780 | 1220 |
| 5 | 1031 | 979 | 1540 |
| 6 | 1240 | 1178 | 1841 |
| 7 | 1441 | 1369 | 2150 |
| 8 | 1648 | 1566 | 2451 |
| 9 | 1850 | 1758 | 2755 |
| 10 | 2054 | 1951 | 3060 |
When the fiber laser is used for welding red copper, PD is at a certain moment 1 Sample value is 1340, PD 0 The sample value is 1360.PD (potential difference) device 1 The sampling value is between the sampling value of the sampling point 6 and the sampling value of the sampling point 7, and the section of the sampling point 6 and the sampling point 7Slope K between 16 = (2150-1841)/(1441-1240) = 1.5373, when PD 1 Detection light power value P corresponding to sampling value 1 ＝(1340-1240)×1.5373+1841＝1994.7。PD 0 The sampling value is between the sampling value of the sampling point 6 and the sampling value of the sampling point 7, and the slope K of the section of the sampling point 6 and the sampling point 7 06 = (2150-1841)/(1369-1178) = 1.6178, where PD 0 Detection light power value P corresponding to sampling value 0 ＝(1360-1178)×1.6178+1841＝2135.4。
Power P 1 、P 0 Forward transmission efficiency alpha 1 And reverse transmission efficiency beta 1 Carry in formula 2. And (5) calculating to obtain a return light power value:
Y 0 ＝(2135.4-0.984×1994.7)/(1-0.984×0.257)＝231.04
the reverse optical power value in the output fiber of the laser beam module 1 is as follows:
Y 1 ＝0.257×231.04＝59.377
the forward optical power value in the output fiber of the laser beam module 1 is as follows:
X 1 ＝1994.7-59.377＝1935.3
the final output laser power value is:
X 0 ＝1935.3×0.984＝1904.3。
specific example 3 based on example 1:
when the 9000W multi-module fiber laser leaves a factory and is pre-calibrated, the relations between the sampling values of the photoelectric sensors at the three input ends and the optical power test values are shown in table 3, and the relations between the sampling values of the photoelectric sensors at the output ends and the optical power test values are shown in table 4. The branch forward transmission efficiency alpha of the connection of the nonreciprocal optical device and the laser sub-beam module 1 through the calibration of the transmission efficiency of the fiber laser 1 98.4% of reverse transmission efficiency beta 1 24.8%, and the forward transmission efficiency of the branch connected with the laser sub-beam module 2 is alpha 2 98.6% of reverse transmission efficiency beta 2 24.7% and the branching forward transmission efficiency alpha of the laser sub-beam module 3 3 98.2% of reverse transmission efficiency beta 3 25.1%.
Table 2 sample power mapping table for photoelectric sensor at input end of multimode fiber laser
| Sampling point sequence number | PD 1 Sampling value | PD 2 Sampling value | PD 3 Sampling value | Optical power test value (W) |
| 1 | 212 | 201 | 214 | 300 |
| 2 | 417 | 396 | 401 | 600 |
| 3 | 617 | 586 | 610 | 900 |
| 4 | 821 | 780 | 802 | 1200 |
| 5 | 1031 | 979 | 1002 | 1500 |
| 6 | 1240 | 1178 | 1201 | 1800 |
| 7 | 1441 | 1369 | 1391 | 2100 |
| 8 | 1648 | 1566 | 1588 | 2400 |
| 9 | 1850 | 1758 | 1779 | 2700 |
| 10 | 2054 | 1951 | 1976 | 3000 |
Table 3 sample power mapping table for photoelectric sensor at output end of multimode fiber laser
| Sampling point sequence number | PD 0 Sampling value | Optical power test value (W) |
| 1 | 241 | 900 |
| 2 | 437 | 1800 |
| 3 | 637 | 2700 |
| 4 | 841 | 3600 |
| 5 | 1051 | 4500 |
| 6 | 1260 | 5400 |
| 7 | 1461 | 6300 |
| 8 | 1668 | 7200 |
| 9 | 1870 | 8100 |
| 10 | 2074 | 9000 |
When the laser is used for welding red copper, PD is at a certain moment 1 Sample value is 1340, PD 2 Sample value 1440, PD 3 Sampling value is 1390, PD 0 The sample value is 1505.PD (potential difference) device 1 The sampling value is between the sampling value of the sampling point 6 and the sampling value of the sampling point 7, and the slope K of the section of the sampling point 6 and the sampling point 7 16 = (2100-1800)/(1441-1240) = 1.4925, when PD 1 Detection light power value P corresponding to sampling value 1 ＝(1340-1240)×1.4925+1800＝1949.3。PD 2 The sampling value is between the sampling value of the sampling point 7 and the sampling value of the sampling point 8, and the slope K of the section of the sampling point 7 and the sampling point 8 27 = (2400-2100)/(1566-1369) = 1.5228, where PD 2 Detection light power value P corresponding to sampling value 2 ＝(1440-1369)×1.5228+2100＝2208.1。PD 3 The sampling value is between the sampling value of the sampling point 6 and the sampling value of the sampling point 7, and the slope K of the section of the sampling point 6 and the sampling point 7 26 = (2100-1800)/(1391-1201) = 1.5789, where PD 3 Detection light power value P corresponding to sampling value 3 ＝(1390-1201)×1.5789+1800＝2098.4。PD 0 The sample value is between the sample value of sample point 7 and the sample value of sample point 8,slope K of the interval of sampling point 7 and sampling point 8 07 = (7200-6300)/(1668-1461) = 4.3478, where PD 0 Detection light power value P corresponding to sampling value 0 ＝(1505-1461)×4.3478+6300＝6491.3。
Power P 1 、P 2 、P 3 、P 0 And 3 groups of forward transmission efficiency and reverse transmission efficiency are brought into 2, and a return light power value is calculated:
the reverse optical power value in the output fiber of the laser beam module 1 is as follows:
Y 1 ＝0.248×1261.1＝312.75
the forward optical power value in the output fiber of the laser beam module 1 is as follows:
X 1 ＝1949.3-312.75＝1,636.5
the reverse optical power value in the output fiber of the laser beam module 2 is as follows:
Y 2 ＝0.247×1261.1＝311.49
the forward optical power value in the output fiber of the laser beam module 2 is as follows:
X 2 ＝2208.1-311.49＝1896.6
the reverse optical power value in the output fiber of the laser beam module 3 is as follows:
Y 3 ＝0.251×1261.1＝316.54
the forward optical power value in the output fiber of the laser beam module 3 is as follows:
X 3 ＝2098.4-316.54＝1,781.9
the final output laser power value is:
X 0 ＝1,636.5×0.984+1,896.6×0.986+1,781.9×0.982＝5,230.19。
in the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the modules is merely a logical function division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, for example, multiple modules or components may be combined or integrated into another apparatus, or some features may be omitted or not performed.
The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, i.e., may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network modules. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist alone physically, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module. The integrated modules may be implemented in hardware or in hardware plus software functional modules.
It is to be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, which have been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods or apparatus. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises an element.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. which are within the spirit and principles of the present application are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the application following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the application pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.
It is to be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, which have been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (14)
1. The utility model provides a fiber laser positive reflection of light resolver, its characterized in that, fiber laser positive reflection of light resolver sets up between laser beam module and laser output head, includes:
the device comprises an input end photoelectric sensor, a transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device and an output end photoelectric sensor which are sequentially arranged, wherein the input end photoelectric sensor is arranged on an output optical fiber of the laser sub-beam module, the output end photoelectric sensor is arranged on an output optical fiber of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device, and the input end photoelectric sensor and the output end photoelectric sensor are used for receiving scattered light of the optical fiber;
setting an acquisition and calculation module to be connected with an input end photoelectric sensor and an output end photoelectric sensor in a wired or wireless way;
the acquisition and calculation module receives light intensity signals scattered by the optical fibers detected by the input end photoelectric sensor and the output end photoelectric sensor;
the acquisition and calculation module is used for converting the light intensity signals into detection light power values of the input end photoelectric sensor and the output end photoelectric sensor, and then acquiring the forward light power value, the reverse light power value and the return light power value according to the forward transmission efficiency and the reverse transmission efficiency of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device and the detection light power value.
2. The forward reflection resolver of a fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein the forward transmission efficiency of the laser of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device is not equal to the reverse transmission efficiency thereof, the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device specifically includes an N x 1 signal combiner with N input 1 outputs each having a cladding light stripper in the input/output fiber, or a non-equal-diameter fiber device with a cladding light stripper in the input/output fiber and 1 input 1 output having a core diameter smaller than that of the output fiber, wherein N is a positive integer.
3. The fiber laser forward reflection resolution device of claim 2, wherein the acquisition computation module comprises: the device comprises an optical power calculation unit, a transmission efficiency calibration unit and a forward and reverse optical power separation unit;
the forward and reverse optical power separation unit respectively receives data of the transmission efficiency calibration unit and the optical power calculation unit;
the optical power calculation unit converts the light intensity signals scattered by the monitored optical fibers collected by the input end photoelectric sensor and the output end photoelectric sensor, namely sampling values of the input end photoelectric sensor and the output end photoelectric sensor, into corresponding detection optical power values, and sends the detection optical power values to the forward and reverse optical power separation unit;
The transmission efficiency calibration unit calibrates and stores the forward transmission efficiency and the reverse transmission efficiency of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device and sends the forward transmission efficiency and the reverse transmission efficiency to the forward and reverse optical power separation unit;
and the forward and reverse optical power separation unit acquires a forward optical power value, a reverse optical power value and a return optical power value according to the forward transmission efficiency, the reverse transmission efficiency and the detection optical power value.
4. The optical power calculation unit according to claim 3, wherein the optical power calculation unit is configured to convert sampled values of the input-side photoelectric sensor and the output-side photoelectric sensor into corresponding detected optical power values, and includes:
the optical power calculation unit records N input-end photoelectric sensors as { PD ] n Sampled values of n=1, 2, …, N } and 1 output photosensor, denoted PD 0 The sampling value of (1) is converted by a pre-calibrated corresponding relation to obtain (n+1) detection light power values { P) consistent with the transmission laser power in the optical fiber monitored by the photoelectric sensor n N=0, 1, …, N, where N is a positive integer.
5. The forward reflection resolver of a fiber laser according to claim 4, wherein the transmission efficiency calibration unit is specifically configured to: the calibration of the forward transmission efficiency and the reverse transmission efficiency of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device is completed before the delivery of the optical fiber laser or after the maintenance of the optical fiber laser; n forward transmission efficiencies { alpha }, when the fiber laser is started to initialize after calibration is completed 1 ,α 2 ,…,α N And N reverse transmission efficiencies { beta }, respectively 1 ,β 2 ,…,β N Reading the data from the memory unit of the transmission calibration unit, and providing the data to the forward and backward direction optical power separation unit.
6. The forward and backward optical power separation unit according to claim 5, wherein the forward and backward optical power separation unit is specifically configured to: based on the (n+1) detected light power values obtained by the light power calculation unit
{P n N=0, 1, …, N } and reads the N forward transmission efficiencies { α } supplied from the transmission efficiency calibration unit 1 ,α 2 ,…,α N And N reverse transmission efficiencies { beta }, respectively 1 ,β 2 ,…,β N Each laser beam mode when return light exists is calculatedForward optical power value { X ] transmitted on block output fiber 1 ,X 2 ,…,X N Reverse optical power value { Y } 1 ,Y 2 ,…,Y N Transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device output optical fiber forward optical power value X 0 Return optical power value Y 0 ；
Detection light power value { P } obtained by N input-end photoelectric sensors n N=1, …, N } corresponds to the optical power transmitted by the N laser beam output fibers and also corresponds to the optical power transmitted by the N input fibers of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device; detection light power value P obtained by 1 output end photoelectric sensor 0 The optical power transmitted by the output optical fiber corresponding to the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device can be determined according to the physical model and the definition of each variable, and the detected optical power value P when the forward transmission laser light and the return light exist at the same time n The sum of the forward optical power value and the return optical power value output by the laser sub-beam module n multiplied by the reverse transmission efficiency corresponding to the nth path is used for detecting the optical power value P 0 For the sum of the return light power and the forward light power values of all the laser beam modules multiplied by the corresponding forward transmission efficiency products, namely, the variables satisfy the following relation:
equation 2 can be obtained according to equation 1, i.e., the forward optical power value { X } transmitted on the output fiber of each laser beam module when there is return light is calculated 1 ,X 2 ,…,X N Reverse optical power value { Y } 1 ,Y 2 ,…,Y N Transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device output optical fiber forward optical power value X 0 Return optical power value Y 0 ：
7. The forward reflection resolver of a fiber laser according to claim 6, wherein the optical power calculation unit is specifically configured to:
before the delivery of the optical fiber laser or after maintenance, calibrating the input end photoelectric sensor and the output end photoelectric sensor in advance, namely, establishing a sampling value of the input end photoelectric sensor/the output end photoelectric sensor and a corresponding table of an optical power test value of the monitored optical fiber transmission laser in advance, namely, a corresponding table of sampling power, and writing the corresponding table of sampling power into a memory of an optical power calculation unit;
When the laser is started to initialize after the calibration is completed, calculating the slope between every two photoelectric sensor sampling value records in all sampling power corresponding tables according to the sampling power corresponding tables of all input photoelectric sensors and output photoelectric sensors read from a storage unit of the optical power calculation unit;
when the laser outputs laser after calibration is completed, according to sampling values of all photoelectric sensors, a sampling power corresponding table obtained from an optical power calculation unit and a slope calculated in an initialization stage, detecting optical power values corresponding to the sampling values of all photoelectric sensors are calculated: comparing sampling values of all photoelectric sensors with sampling value records in a corresponding sampling power corresponding table one by one, and solving a detection light power value corresponding to the sampling value of the photoelectric sensor according to the sampling value records of the photoelectric sensor, the optical power test value record and the slope corresponding to the two continuous records when the sampling value of the photoelectric sensor is between the two continuous sampling value records of the photoelectric sensor; when the sampling value of the photoelectric sensor is larger than the last sampling value record of the photoelectric sensor in the corresponding sampling power corresponding table, solving the detection light power value corresponding to the sampling value of the photoelectric sensor according to the last sampling value record of the photoelectric sensor, the light power test value and the slope.
8. The forward and backward light resolving method of the fiber laser is characterized by comprising the following steps:
c1, a calibration process before delivery or after maintenance of the fiber laser is performed in advance, sampling power corresponding tables of N input-end photoelectric sensors are obtained, and sampling power corresponding tables of 1 output-end photoelectric sensor are obtained;
c2, carrying out calibration process before delivery or after maintenance of the fiber laser in advance, and obtaining the forward and reverse transmission efficiency values of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device;
c3, before the laser outputs laser, reading forward transmission efficiency and reverse transmission efficiency from a storage unit of the transmission calibration unit, and providing the forward and reverse transmission efficiency and the reverse transmission efficiency for the forward and reverse optical power separation unit;
before the laser outputs laser, a functional relation between sampling values of the sensors and detection light power is established according to a sampling power corresponding table of the photoelectric sensor at the input end and the photoelectric sensor at the output end;
when the laser outputs laser, according to the function relation between the sampling value of each sensor and the detection light power, the sampling values of the photoelectric sensor at the input end and the photoelectric sensor at the output end are converted into detection light power values through a sampling power corresponding table, and the detection light power values are provided for a positive and negative direction light power separation unit for use;
C6, making the forward light power value in each laser sub-beam module output optical fiber of the laser be { X } 1 ,X 2 ,…,X N Reverse optical power value in output optical fiber of each laser sub-beam module is { Y } 1 ,Y 2 ,…,Y N The forward optical power value of the output optical fiber through the nonreciprocal optical device is X 0 The value of the return light power of the output optical fiber passing through the nonreciprocal optical device is Y 0 The detection light power value obtained by the photoelectric sensors at N input ends, namely the light power transmitted by the output optical fibers of N laser sub-beams, namely the light power transmitted in N input optical fibers of the nonreciprocal optical device with transmission efficiency, is { P } 1 ,P 2 ,…,P N The detected light power value obtained by 1 output end photoelectric sensor, namely the light power transmitted by the output optical fiber of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device is P 0 N forward transmission efficiencies of the non-reciprocal optical device are { alpha } 1 ,α 2 ,…,α N N reverse transmission efficiencies of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device are { beta } 1 ,β 2 ,…,β N According to the physical model and the definition of each variable, each variable satisfies the following relationship:
the materials are arranged to obtain the product 2,
according to the method of 2, the forward/reverse optical power separation unit can convert the (n+1) detected optical power values { P) obtained by converting the (n+1) photoelectric sensor sampling values provided by the optical power calculation unit n N=0, 1, …, N }, in combination with N forward transmission efficiencies { α } provided by the transmission efficiency calibration unit 1 ,α 2 ,…,α N And N reverse transmission efficiencies { beta }, respectively 1 ,β 2 ,…,β N Respectively calculating the forward optical power value { X } transmitted on the output optical fiber of each laser beam module when the return light exists 1 ,X 2 ,…,X N Reverse optical power value { Y } 1 ,Y 2 ,…,Y N Transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device output optical fiber forward optical power value X 0 Return optical power value Y 0 。
9. The method for forward and backward optical resolution of a fiber laser of claim 8, further comprising:
the calibration process before delivery or after maintenance of the fiber laser is performed in advance, sampling power corresponding tables of the N input-end photoelectric sensors are obtained, and sampling power corresponding tables of the 1 output-end photoelectric sensors are obtained; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a1, before the delivery of the fiber laser or after maintenance, the photoelectric sensors of N input ends are marked as { PD ] n N=1, 2, …, N }, N being a positive integer, pre-calibrated:
PD n Mounted on the output fiber of the laser beam module n usingThe optical power meter tests the laser power transmitted forward by the laser sub-beam module n, and the optical power test value obtained by the optical power meter is equal to PD n The current transmitted laser power value of the monitored optical fiber controls the output power of the laser sub-beam module to gradually increase from 0% to 100% with a fixed step length of x%, and the PD under the current output power is tested and recorded once the output power is increased n Wherein the mth recorded PD is n The sampled value of (1) is denoted as V nm The optical power test value recorded at the mth time is recorded as R nm A total of M sets of data;
after the test is completed, PD n Writing the sampled values and the corresponding tables of the optical power test values, namely the corresponding tables of the sampled powers, which are obtained in the calibration process, into a memory of an optical power calculation unit, and sequentially completing the pre-calibration of all N input-end photoelectric sensors and the storage of the corresponding tables of the sampled powers;
a2, marking the output end photoelectric sensor as PD before the delivery of the fiber laser or after maintenance 0 And (3) pre-calibrating:
connecting output optical fibers of N laser sub-beam modules with input optical fibers of a transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device, and connecting PD 0 The optical power meter is used for testing the laser power of the laser beam module, which is transmitted forward through the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device, and the optical power test value obtained by the optical power meter is equal to PD 0 The current transmitted laser power value of the monitored optical fiber is controlled, the output power of all laser sub-beam modules is controlled to be gradually increased from 0% to 100% at a fixed step length x%, and the PD under the current output power is recorded when the output power is increased once 0 Wherein the mth recorded PD is 0 The sampled value of (1) is denoted as V 0m The optical power test value recorded at the mth time is recorded as R 0m A total of M sets of data;
after the test is completed, the photosensor PD 0 And writing the sampling power corresponding table obtained in the calibration process into a memory of the optical power calculation unit.
10. The method for forward and backward optical resolution of an optical fiber laser according to claim 8, wherein before the laser outputs laser light, a functional relationship between sampling values of each sensor and detected optical power is established according to a sampling power correspondence table of the input end photoelectric sensor and the output end photoelectric sensor, specifically comprising:
a3, before the laser outputs laser, reading the sampling power corresponding table of N input end photoelectric sensors and 1 output end photoelectric sensor from the storage unit of the optical power calculation unit, and then calculating the slope K between every two points nm Wherein the subscript n corresponds to the input/output PD n As a result of the sample power mapping table calculation, n=0, 1, …, N, in the following manner: when m is<K at M nm ＝(R n(m+1) -R nm )/(V n(m+1) -V nm ) When m=m, K nM ＝K n(M-1) ；
Wherein, N input end photoelectric sensors are named as PD n N=1, 2, …, N is a positive integer, where PD of the mth record n The sampled value of (1) is denoted as V nm The optical power test value recorded at the mth time is recorded as R nm M groups of data are arranged in the sampling power corresponding tables of the photoelectric sensors at the N input ends; output photoelectric sensor, denoted as PD 0 Wherein the Mth recorded PD 0 The sampled value of (1) is denoted as V 0m The optical power test value recorded at the mth time is recorded as R 0m A total of M sets of data;
when the laser outputs laser, according to the functional relation between the sampling values of the sensors and the detection light power, the sampling values of the photoelectric sensors at the input end and the photoelectric sensors at the output end are converted into detection light power values through a sampling power corresponding table, and the detection light power values are provided for a positive and negative direction light power separation unit;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a4, when the laser outputs laser light, the optical power calculation unit obtains sampling values { U ] of all the photoelectric sensors n N=0, 1, …, N }, where U n Corresponding PD n Will U n And input terminal PD n Is of the (a)Comparing the sampling values in the power mapping table one by one, finding a serial number l to enable U n ≥V nl At the same time U n <V l+1 V when l=m is the last point l+1 Is not present, at this time satisfy U n ≥V M ；
A5, obtaining corresponding V according to the found sequence number l nl 、R nl 、K nl Calculate PD when the laser outputs laser light n Detection light power value P corresponding to sampling value n The calculation mode is as follows: p (P) n ＝R nl +(U n -V nl )K nl 。
11. The method for forward and backward optical resolution of an optical fiber laser according to claim 10, wherein the calibration process before or after shipping of the optical fiber laser is performed in advance to obtain the forward and backward transmission efficiency values of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device, specifically comprising:
b1, after the laser finishes the pre-calibration of all the input end photoelectric sensors and the output end photoelectric sensors, outputting laser to the light receiving equipment without return light, when n=n=1, controlling the laser sub-beam module to output, when N>1, sequentially controlling the laser sub-beam modules N to output and the rest of the laser sub-beam modules not to output, wherein n=1, … and N; PD on output fiber of laser sub-beam module n n PD on transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device output fiber 0 The sampled value of (2) is sent to an optical power calculation unit to calculate PD according to the steps of A3, A4 and A5 n The power value of the transmission laser in the detected optical fiber, namely the power value P of the forward laser output from the laser sub-beam n to the nth input of the nonreciprocal optical device n The PD is calculated according to the steps of A3-A5 in the optical power calculation unit 0 The power of the transmission laser in the detected optical fiber, namely the laser power value P of the forward laser after passing through the nonreciprocal optical device with transmission efficiency 0 Using P 0 Divided by P n The forward transmission efficiency alpha of the nth input of the non-reciprocal optical device corresponding to the transmission efficiency can be obtained n The values of N are changed from 1 to N in sequence to repeat the above stepsThe forward transmission efficiency calibration of all N paths of the corresponding transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device can be completed, and N forward transmission efficiencies { alpha } are obtained 1 ,α 2 ,…,α N }；
B2, connecting the output optical fiber of the reverse efficiency test light source to the output optical fiber of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device, wherein the output optical fiber of the reverse efficiency test light source and the output optical fiber of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device are of the same specification, controlling all laser beam modules to have no output, sending sampling values of all N input end photoelectric sensors and 1 output end photoelectric sensor to an optical power calculation unit, and calculating PD according to the steps of A3-A5 in the power calculation unit 1 To PD N The power of the transmission laser in the optical fibers detected by all N input detectors, namely the laser power value { P } of the reverse laser output by the reverse efficiency test light source enters the laser sub-beam N after passing through the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device n N=1, …, N }, and PD 0 The power of the transmission laser in the detected optical fiber, namely the laser power value P of the reverse laser output by the reverse efficiency test light source entering the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device 0 Will all { P ] n N=1, …, N } divided by P, respectively 0 Obtaining N reverse transmission efficiency values { beta } of the corresponding transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device 1 ,β 2 ,…,β N }；
B3N forward transmission efficiencies { alpha } of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device 1 ,α 2 ,…,α N And N reverse transmission efficiencies { beta }, respectively 1 ,β 2 ,…,β N Writing into the memory of the transmission efficiency calibration unit.
12. The method for resisting return light interference by using the forward and reverse optical power calculation device of the fiber laser according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a control module, wherein the forward and reverse optical power separation unit transmits the forward optical power value, the reverse optical power value and the return optical power value to the control module of the fiber laser according to the forward transmission efficiency and the reverse transmission efficiency provided by the transmission efficiency calibration unit and the detection optical power value, the Jie Suanchu forward optical power value, the reverse optical power value and the return optical power value provided by the optical power calculation unit;
the control module is used for controlling and realizing safety interlocking on the fiber laser based on the received data;
the operation control module is based on the forward light power value calculated by the forward light reflection calculating device of the fiber laser, and respectively takes the forward light power value transmitted in the output fiber of each laser sub-beam module as a control object, adjusts the output current of a pumping driving unit inside each laser sub-beam module through a closed-loop feedback control algorithm, and performs closed-loop control on the output power of each laser sub-beam module.
13. The safety interlock method using the forward and reverse optical power calculation device of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a control module, wherein the forward and reverse optical power separation unit transmits the forward optical power value, the reverse optical power value and the reverse optical power value to the control module of the optical fiber laser according to the forward transmission efficiency and the reverse transmission efficiency provided by the transmission efficiency calibration unit and the detected optical power value, jie Suanchu forward optical power value, reverse optical power value and reverse optical power value provided by the optical power calculation unit;
the control module is used for controlling and realizing safety interlocking on the fiber laser based on the received data;
the operation control module calculates the deviation proportion or deviation value { delta P of the forward light power value transmitted in the output optical fiber of each laser sub-beam and the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device and the forward light power value under normal condition pre-stored in the control module or obtained by interpolation based on the forward light power value calculated by the forward light reflection calculating device of the fiber laser n ,n＝0,…,N}；
If the laser beam module n corresponds to DeltaP n The absolute value of (a) is greater than a preset safety threshold DeltaR n The safety interlock is started, alarm information of abnormal power output of the laser sub-beam module n is sent, and the pump driving unit n corresponding to the laser sub-beam module n is closed; if the transmission efficiency is non-reciprocal optics corresponds ΔP of (1) 0 The absolute value of (a) is greater than a preset safety threshold DeltaR 0 And { DeltaP corresponding to all laser sub-beam modules n N=1, …, N } does not exceed a preset safety threshold Δr n And starting the safety interlock, sending alarm information of abnormal power output of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device, and closing pumping driving units of all the laser beam modules.
14. The safety interlock method using the forward and reverse optical power calculation device of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a control module, wherein the forward and reverse optical power separation unit transmits the forward optical power value, the reverse optical power value and the reverse optical power value to the control module of the optical fiber laser according to the forward transmission efficiency and the reverse transmission efficiency provided by the transmission efficiency calibration unit and the detected optical power value, jie Suanchu forward optical power value, reverse optical power value and reverse optical power value provided by the optical power calculation unit;
the control module is used for controlling and realizing safety interlocking on the fiber laser based on the received data;
the operation control module calculates the reverse light power value, the return light power value and the deviation proportion or deviation value { delta N of the reverse light power value, under normal conditions, the return light power value and the return light power value pre-stored in the control module or obtained by interpolation, of each laser beam and the output optical fiber of the transmission efficiency nonreciprocal optical device based on the forward light power value and the reverse light power value calculated by the forward light reflection calculating device of the fiber laser n ,n＝0,…,N}；
If DeltaN corresponding to the laser beam module N n The absolute value of (a) is greater than a preset safety threshold DeltaR n The safety interlock is started, alarm information of abnormal reverse optical power of the laser sub-beam module n is sent, and the pump driving unit n corresponding to the laser sub-beam module n is closed; if the transmission efficiency is delta N corresponding to the nonreciprocal optical device 0 The absolute value of (a) is greater than a preset safety threshold DeltaR 0 And { DeltaN that all laser beam modules correspond to n N=1, …, N } does not exceed a preset safety threshold Δr n Then the safety interlock is started, and the transmission efficiency is sentAnd the nonreciprocal optical device returns alarm information of abnormal optical power, and the pumping driving units of all the laser beam modules are closed.
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