CN117433138A

CN117433138A - Residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system

Info

Publication number: CN117433138A
Application number: CN202311545053.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王政玉; 王超颖; 庄茅; 赵培丛
Original assignee: Yili Shuntong Shandong Energy Conservation And Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Yili Shuntong Shandong Energy Conservation And Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-11-20
Filing date: 2023-11-20
Publication date: 2024-01-23

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ventilation and exhaust of residential buildings, in particular to an exhaust and pipe valve connection control system of residential buildings, which comprises the following components: a main exhaust pipe and a main sewer pipe of each layer of kitchen and bathroom; the upper ends of the main exhaust pipes and the main sewer pipes are respectively provided with an upper end and a lower end, a pipeline flap valve is connected in series between the lower ends of the main sewer pipes and a sewage pipe network, and the upper ends of the main exhaust pipes and the main sewer pipes are respectively or communicated through an upper end communicating pipe or a lower end communicating pipe and then are connected into an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device for exhausting, so that the phenomena of smoke cross, odor reflection, smoke accumulation and the like are eliminated; the upper end of each main exhaust pipe and the main sewer pipe or the upper end communicating pipe is connected with a normally closed air valve, and the air outlet of the normally closed air valve is communicated with the atmosphere; the communicating pipes at the upper end and the lower end are connected in series with normally open air valves, when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped, the normally closed air valves are opened, and the normally open air valves are closed, so that the air leakage among the pipelines is prevented.

Description

Residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ventilation of residential buildings, and particularly relates to a dirty gas discharge and pipe valve connection control system for residential buildings.

Background

Residential architecture is a place where people live and work. The indoor air quality of residential buildings is increasingly concerned. The kitchen and bathroom are places where two main pollutants are emitted in the residential building. In order to meet the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction, the building coefficients of residential buildings are smaller and smaller, and the residential buildings are developed towards a more airtight direction. Thus, causing deterioration of indoor air quality, many complain of poor indoor air quality, causing them to undergo some pathological reactions: headache, drowsiness, nausea, runny nose, and the like. The main factors are the combustion of kitchen cooking fuel and the pollutant generated by oil smoke, the components are very complex, and the main components are alkane and alkene, organic acid, aldehyde compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the like. The odor of the bathroom is formed by various substances and factors, wherein the odor contains high concentration of ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide, methane, carbon dioxide and mixed harmful gases emitted from various chemicals. Ammonia is the main pollutant in bathroom air and has strong pungent smell. Data from recent years show that modern people live and work indoors on average 90% of the time, 65% of the time, and that indoor air pollution in modern cities is several times higher than outdoor, so that indoor polluted air is more harmful than outdoor polluted air. Some medical researches relate the incidence rate of diseases such as asthma, tracheitis, heart disease, cancer and the like with indoor air quality, and the hair-beautifying factors of female lung cancer have close relation with air pollution of kitchen small environment except smoking, and 51% of lung squamous cell carcinoma and 61% of lung adenocarcinoma in people are attributed to household kitchen oil smoke pollution.

Effective ventilation is the fundamental means for solving the problem, and an excellent exhaust ventilation system has important significance for creating good indoor air quality and improving the running economy of the ventilation system.

In modern residential buildings, a kitchen and a bathroom are generally arranged indoors, a main exhaust pipeline or a flue and a branch exhaust pipeline are arranged inside or outside the kitchen, the branch exhaust pipeline is communicated with the main exhaust pipeline, and meanwhile, a main sewer pipeline and a branch sewer pipeline are arranged, and the branch sewer pipeline is communicated with the main sewer pipeline. The bathroom is also internally or externally provided with a main exhaust pipeline and a branch exhaust pipeline, the branch exhaust pipeline is communicated with the main exhaust pipeline, and is simultaneously provided with a main sewer pipeline and a branch sewer pipeline, the branch sewer pipeline is communicated with the main sewer pipeline, and when no water flow or less water flow flows in the main sewer pipeline and the branch sewer pipeline, the water pipe is in a gas state. The air flow in the exhaust pipeline and the air flow in the sewer pipeline are mutually communicated and influenced by a non-sealed check valve or a sewer floor drain and a kitchen space and a bathroom space.

At present, most of the existing kitchen and bathroom exhaust systems of residential buildings in China adopt a public centralized exhaust system except for a single-user direct exhaust mode which is rarely adopted. The resistance of the straight-line mode is small, and the exhaust amount is large. However, the fume discharged from the lower layer households of the multi-layer and high-rise buildings can enter the room through the outer windows of the upper layer or nearby households, thereby causing cross contamination; the direct-discharge mode also has the advantage that a large amount of greasy dirt can be accumulated near the exhaust port on the surface of the outer wall after the direct-discharge mode is used for a period of time, so that the appearance of the outer vertical face of the building is influenced. At present, the direct exhaust mode in middle and high-rise houses is basically eliminated, and a public centralized exhaust system is mainly adopted.

The public centralized exhaust system mainly has 3 modes according to different power sources and structures: (1) centralized updraft exhaust system: the system is provided with the roof exhaust fan only at the upper end of the main exhaust pipe of the roof or the roof, so that the shared main exhaust pipe is kept in a negative pressure state, and the air required to be exhausted by each resident can enter the main exhaust pipe to play a role in inducing air and exhausting air. Disadvantages of such exhaust systems are: firstly, the air quantity of households at the bottoms of medium-rise and high-rise houses is smaller, the air quantity of the upper portion is large, and the households at the bottoms still cannot effectively exhaust, so that the method is more suitable for single-layer or low-rise houses. Secondly, when the main exhaust pipeline is used for exhausting air and when the sewer sealing devices of the sewer pipes in the kitchen and the toilet are not tightly sealed, odor in the sewer pipe can be sucked into a room. (2) a hybrid updraft system: on the basis of a centralized exhaust system, besides a roof fan, each resident is provided with an exhaust machine or a range hood, so that the system increases the trapping capability of kitchen fume and bathroom gas and has more initiative. The defects are that: first, for middle and high-rise houses, the higher the starting rate of the exhaust machine of each household, the higher the static pressure in the exhaust pipe at the bottom, the lower the bottom exhaust amount, and the phenomenon of odor and smoke mixing of each household below the pressure neutral surface. Secondly, when the main exhaust pipeline is used for exhausting air and when the sewer sealing devices in the kitchen and the toilet are not tightly sealed, odor in the sewer pipeline can be sucked into a room. (3) a distributed exhaust system: compared with a mixed exhaust system, the distributed smoke exhaust system adopts an unpowered hood on a roof, and exhaust mainly depends on a smoke exhaust ventilator or an exhaust machine installed by each resident, so that the distributed smoke exhaust system is the most common exhaust system form applied at present. However, both theoretical studies and practices have demonstrated that the following drawbacks also exist: first, when the system is opened more, the static pressure in the bottom exhaust pipe is higher, and the bottom exhaust amount is smaller. Secondly, the flue gas of the booted householder can be strung into the booted householder. Thirdly, when the external working condition of the pipeline changes, for example: when the wind direction changes, the wind speed is lower or no wind exists, and when the external atmospheric pressure is low, the problems of lower layer odor tainting, insufficient exhaust gas amount and the like still occur frequently. Fourth, when the air extraction amount of the main exhaust pipeline is large, and when the sealing of the sewer sealing devices in the kitchen and the toilet is not tight, odor in the sewer pipeline can be sucked into a room. The national air conditioning equipment quality supervision and inspection center and Zhao Dan, xu Zhao of China construction science, inc. disclose in a paper "analysis of ventilation performance test of residential kitchen flue gas duct system" published in period 3 of journal 2019, refrigeration and air conditioning: (1) The lower the floor corresponding to the main exhaust pipe is, the higher the static pressure in the exhaust pipe is, and the higher the floor is, the lower the static pressure in the exhaust pipe is. (2) The higher the starting-up rate of the range hood is, the higher the static pressure in the exhaust pipeline is; the lower the average displacement of each layer.

The addition of an exhauster at the upper port of the main exhaust pipe is a common method, and particularly for medium-low residential houses, the requirement of negative pressure in the main exhaust flue can be basically ensured by using a higher-power exhauster, for example: industry standard JG/T194-2006 for residential kitchen exhaust flue, JGJ/T455 for residential exhaust plumbing engineering technical standard, 19CYH03 for residential exhaust plumbing engineering technical standard design and application atlas, etc. all require an additional exhaust device at the upper port of the exhaust duct at the top of the building. And the following steps: the same applies to the Chinese patent, 202123455569.1, a multi-layer residential exhaust system, 202111665015.6, a multi-layer residential exhaust system and a control method thereof, and the like. However, for high-rise or super high-rise houses, only the exhaust device is arranged on the outlet of the main exhaust pipe at the top of the house, the pressure in the exhaust pipelines at a plurality of layers at the bottom of the house is still higher, the airflow velocity is lower, the exhaust quantity is smaller, and the pressure difference between the upper and lower sides in the exhaust pipe is higher, so that the phenomena of smoke pouring and odor mixing often occur, and particularly, when the sealing of the sewer sealing device is not tight, the odor in the sewer pipeline is sucked into a room. Another example is: the utility model provides a chinese patent, application number 201921520267.8 'a new trend system of flue of discharging fume' connects the pipe system of leading in the bottom of public flue, and the bottom of leading the pipe system is connected and is led the ware, is equipped with the air-blower in the ware of leading, and this air-blower is to the blast of public flue in and the outside exhaust, and this kind of technical scheme has certain efflux to the air current of bottom kitchen or bathroom to dredge the effect, can increase static pressure in the trunk line of upper and middle layer, is unfavorable for the exhaust of upper and middle layer. Meanwhile, the method still solves the problem that odor in a sewer pipe is sucked into a room when the air extraction volume of a main exhaust pipe is large and when sewer sealing devices in a kitchen and a toilet are not tightly sealed.

In order to solve the problem of non-uniformity of smoke discharged from each floor, two solutions are proposed in a paper of Changxiu on China's known network, namely, research on a centralized smoke discharging system of multi-layer residence: firstly, the exhaust gas amount of the bottom floor is optimized by installing a smoke exhaust ventilator with larger air volume and high air pressure on the branch exhaust pipe of the resident on the lower floor and installing a smoke exhaust ventilator with smaller air volume and low air pressure on the branch exhaust pipe of the resident on the upper floor. And secondly, increasing the opening degree of the check valve on the branch exhaust pipe of the resident on the lower floor, reducing the opening degree of the check valve on the branch exhaust pipe of the resident on the upper floor, and optimizing the uniformity of the exhaust gas quantity in the exhaust flue by changing the resistance coefficient. The control systems of the two schemes are very complex, have high cost and low reliability, and are very difficult in engineering practical operation. The phenomenon that odor in a sewer pipe is sucked into a room when the air extraction quantity of a main exhaust pipe is large and when the sewer sealing devices in a kitchen and a toilet are not tightly sealed can not be solved.

In order to solve the phenomena of odor and smoke, besides the method, people adopt various measures from the inside of the exhaust passage to solve the problems: for example: set up primary and secondary flue, vary voltage flue and variable cross section flue etc. for example: the inducer which is installed at the air inlet of the exhaust duct and is developed by the air conditioning institute of China construction science institute and the building materials Limited company of Beijing city, has a certain improvement effect, but still does not fundamentally solve the problems of high smoke mixing and bottom flue pressure and low airflow velocity when the sewer odor is reversed and the opening rate of the smoke exhaust ventilator is high. The phenomenon that odor in a sewer pipe is sucked into a room when the air extraction quantity of a main exhaust pipe is large and when the sewer sealing devices in a kitchen and a toilet are not tightly sealed can not be solved.

The existing negative pressure type residential fresh air system has an obvious effect on improving indoor air quality, and can realize a negative pressure state relative to the external atmosphere in a room, but the research and the application of the existing negative pressure type residential fresh air system are generally independent separate systems, namely, an exhaust system takes a single household as an independent system. A multi-story or high-rise residence, with some households installed and some not, still suffers from the following disadvantages: (1) When the sewer floor drain or the sewer valve leaks air, the dirty gas in the sewer can also enter the room under the action of negative pressure in the room. (2) The adjacent A households are provided with a fresh air system and are started, the other B households are provided with fresh air systems which are not started or are not provided with fresh air systems, and when the check valve of the branch exhaust pipe is not tightly sealed, the dirty gas of the A households can enter the B households through the exhaust passage. (3) Each household is required to be in a negative pressure state, a negative pressure fresh air system is required to be installed, and each household is required to be started and operated in the same negative pressure state at the same time. The low-power fans of each household have extremely low efficiency, so that the problem of high energy consumption is also caused.

In studying the problem of kitchen and bathroom exhaust, we found that: (1) The main exhaust passage body structure and the exhaust of a single resident are more focused, and the mutual influence between the exhaust passage and a sewer and the system exhaust of the whole building are extremely little focused. Practice and theoretical analysis prove that only the problems of odor mixing, smoke mixing and backflow of the exhaust passage are solved, and the problem of odor reversion of the sewer indoors still exists; only solves the exhaust problem of one house, but can not solve the exhaust problem of each resident of the whole building. (2) There is much attention paid to installing an exhaust device only on the upper end of a main exhaust pipe, there is little attention to the problem of exhaust at the lower end of the main exhaust pipe, the lower end or the upper end of a main sewer pipe, and there is little study on the effect of closing the upper port of the exhaust pipe and installing an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device at the lower end of the main exhaust pipe.

In summary, the existing residential building has the phenomena of smoke, smell back and smoke back, and is mainly represented under the following working conditions: (1) The temperature in the exhaust duct is sometimes higher than the outdoor ambient temperature (such as winter), and sometimes lower than the outdoor temperature (such as high temperature in summer, especially when the air conditioner is installed in the house for refrigeration), the higher the air temperature is, the lower the air expansion air density is, and the lower the static pressure is. When the temperature of the flue gas in the main exhaust pipeline is lower than the indoor temperature (such as the high Wen Shimou family house temperature in summer is higher), namely: the air density in the main exhaust pipe is higher, the static pressure is higher, the indoor temperature of a certain household is higher, the density is lower, the static pressure is lower, and the phenomenon of mutual odor and smoke mixing often occurs between a certain household and a resident for installing a refrigeration air conditioner or between the main exhaust pipe and a certain household. (2) When the wind direction of the smoke outlet at the upper end of the main exhaust pipe tangentially blows into the smoke outlet or the wind pressure of the exhaust outlet is higher, the smoke reflux or backflow phenomenon can occur. (3) When the indoor air pressure is lower than the air pressure in the pipeline, the dirty air in the flue and the sewer can flow back to the room, and the phenomena of smoke pouring and odor reversing occur. (4) When the exhaust machine of the kitchen and the bathroom is started, negative pressure can be generated in the kitchen and the bathroom, and the one-way valve of the sewer is not tightly sealed, dirty gas of the sewer can enter the room. (5) When the opening probability of the smoke exhaust ventilator of each layer is higher, the phenomenon of unsmooth exhaust or smoke dumping occurs on the lower floors. (6) When the indoor ventilation passes through, the indoor air pressure is lower than the internal pressure of the exhaust pipe and the sewer, and the phenomenon of odor reversion and smoke cross often occurs. (7) When the weather is overcast and rainy, the atmospheric pressure and the indoor air pressure are reduced, and the sewer odor-reflecting phenomenon can occur frequently in overcast and rainy weather. (8) When the adjacent A households are provided with the fresh air system and are started, the other B households are provided with the fresh air system which is not started or not provided with the fresh air system, and when the check valve of the bronchus is not tightly sealed, the dirty gas of the A households can enter the B households through the exhaust passage.

In addition, it is worth noting that, because modern houses mostly adopt gas or electric heating, the temperature of the bottom of the boiler can reach 300 ℃ to 400 ℃, the temperature in the smoke exhaust air passage is not high, the temperature in the smoke exhaust air passage is generally 3 ℃ to 6 ℃ higher than the temperature in the space in the kitchen, and the exhaust effect of the chimney effect of the smoke exhaust pipe is not obvious. The temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part in the chimney is generally not more than 10 ℃, the chimney effect is extremely small, the temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part in the chimney for burning firewood in the common rural area can reach 80-90 ℃, the temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part in the chimney of the bituminous coal boiler is higher, and the chimney effect is obvious.

In a word, because of the temperature, pressure, wind direction, wind speed, size of resistance coefficient, performance, opening probability, position of pressure neutral surface, etc. of the exhaust pipe, there are phenomena of odor mixing, smoke mixing, backflow, odor reflection, and odor accumulation of indoor oil smoke under certain working conditions. The retention of dirty gas and gas with virus in the room or the cross-linking between layers seriously affect the physical health and life quality of people. See in detail a paper "study of problems of common high-rise residential centralized exhaust air system" and questionnaire thereof by chinese-knowledge net author Liu Ning.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system which can effectively solve the problems of odor tainting, smoke string, backflow, odor reversion and odor accumulation of indoor oil smoke, and can not cause the phenomenon of mutual odor tainting among all main exhaust pipes, all main sewer pipes or all main exhaust pipes and all pipelines and rooms when an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device is stopped due to power failure or maintenance cleaning.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

a residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system comprising: the main exhaust pipes and the main sewer pipes are respectively arranged in or outside each layer of kitchen and bathroom of the residential building, and one residential building is provided with N main exhaust pipes and M main sewer pipes; the upper ends of the main exhaust pipes and the main sewer pipes are respectively provided with an upper end and a lower end, the lower ends of the main exhaust pipes and the upper ends of the main sewer pipes in the kitchen and the bathroom are respectively or communicated through the upper end communicating pipe, the upper ends of the main sewer pipes and the sewage pipe network are respectively or communicated through the upper end communicating pipe and then connected with the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device in series, the lower ends of the main sewer pipes are respectively or communicated through the communicating pipe and then connected with the sewage pipe network through check valves or water seal valves or pipeline flap valves in series, the upper ends or the upper end communicating pipe of the main sewer pipes and the main sewer pipes are respectively provided with a normally closed air valve, the air inlet of the normally closed air valve is communicated with the upper ends or the upper end communicating pipe of the main sewer pipes, the air outlet of the normally closed air valve is communicated with the atmosphere, and the normally closed air valve is opened for exhausting outwards when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped.

According to the technical scheme, the inside of the main exhaust pipe and the inside of the main sewer pipe are in a negative pressure state.

When the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is in normal exhaust operation, the phenomena of odor tainting, smoke tainting, backflow, odor counteraction, odor accumulation of indoor lampblack and the like among pipelines and indoor can be eliminated.

During the shutdown of the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device, because the atmospheric pressure of the same horizontal plane of the roof is basically the same, as long as the pressure in each main exhaust pipe and each main sewer pipe is higher than the atmospheric pressure of the roof, the opened normally closed air valve exhausts outwards, and the phenomena of air and odor can be basically prevented from occurring between each pipeline and the indoor space.

The exhaust device or the exhaust purification device can be operated by a common single machine, or can be operated by a timing speed-changing unit, or can be operated by a plurality of units in series and parallel, and when the units are operated in parallel, the air inlets of the units are provided with normally open air valves, and when the units are stopped, the normally open air valves are automatically closed. For the exhaust system of each household in the direct exhaust mode, a centralized exhaust pipeline can be additionally arranged outdoors, and the pipe valve connection and control are carried out according to the centralized exhaust pipeline mode after the exhaust ports of each household are communicated with the centralized exhaust pipeline.

In this application, the exhaust gas purification device is an integrated exhaust gas purification device comprising an exhaust gas machine and a gas purifier, wherein the purifier is arranged in front of the exhaust gas machine or behind the exhaust gas machine, and the purifier is preferentially recommended to be arranged in front of the exhaust gas machine.

In this application file, main blast pipe, main downcomer include: one main exhaust pipe, one main sewer pipe or one main exhaust pipe, one main sewer pipe, such as: a plurality of kitchens for one household, a plurality of bathroom rooms, an exhaust pipe, a sewer pipe and the like of an independent laundry room.

The upper end of the main exhaust pipe and the upper end of the main sewer pipe of the kitchen and bathroom are connected into an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device, and the device comprises: the upper ends of a plurality of main exhaust pipes and the upper ends of a plurality of main sewer pipes are respectively connected with an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device; or the upper end of each main exhaust pipe is communicated with the upper end of each main sewer pipe through an upper end communicating pipe and then is connected into an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device; or the upper end of each main exhaust pipe and the upper end part of each main sewer pipe are independently connected into the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device, and the rest parts are connected into the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device after being communicated through pipelines. A fire-proof valve can be installed between the upper end of the main exhaust pipe and the air inlet of the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device.

In this application, the exhaust means refers to a ventilation device with power and with an air inlet and an air outlet, such as an electric fan. The exhaust gas purifying device refers to an air or flue gas purifying device or an exhaust gas purifying device with an exhaust machine and a purifier integrated. The exhaust gas purifying device can also be a hybrid exhaust device or an exhaust gas purifying device combining natural power and electric power. The exhaust device comprises various axial flows, diagonal flows, centrifugal fans and the like.

In this application, main blast pipe upper end, lower extreme, main downcomer upper end, lower extreme, side and cross section port including upper end, lower extreme.

The residential building in the invention refers to a building with a kitchen or a bathroom or both for people to live daily. Comprising the following steps: residential buildings such as houses, villas, dormitories, apartments, hotels, nursing homes, and the like.

The exhaust and pipe valve connection control system for the residential building comprises the following alternative technical schemes: and the communicating pipes at the upper ends are connected in series with normally open air valves, and the normally open air valves are closed when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped. The closed normally open air valve can prevent high-pressure air in other main exhaust pipes and main sewer pipes from being strung into the low-pressure pipeline when the air pressure in one pipeline is lower than the air pressure in other pipelines. The communicating pipe is connected with a normally open air valve in series, namely a normally open air valve is arranged at a certain part of the communicating pipe, and an air inlet and an air outlet of the normally open air valve are respectively communicated with the communicating pipe. The technical scheme is particularly suitable for medium-low-rise residential buildings.

The normally closed type air valve or the normally open type air valve in the application document comprises an air valve driven by manual, electric, pneumatic or hydraulic power and also comprises an air valve with an adjustable valve plate opening. When the very manual normally closed air valve or the normally open air valve is adopted, the normally closed air valve can be automatically opened for exhausting outwards when the air exhausting device or the air exhausting purifying device is stopped through the linkage of the control device and the power source of the air exhausting device or the air exhausting purifying device; the normally open air valve can adjust the opening degree of the valve plate when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device operates, and is automatically closed when the machine is stopped.

Any residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system, the alternative technical scheme is: the method comprises the steps that an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device is connected to the middle part of each main exhaust pipe near the pressure neutral surface of the middle part of the vertical height of each main exhaust pipe in a kitchen or a bathroom or near the refuge floor of a residential building respectively or after the middle part communicating pipe is arranged, a normally closed air valve is arranged on the side surface of the middle part of each main exhaust pipe or on the middle communicating pipe, an air inlet of the normally closed air valve is communicated with the main exhaust pipe respectively or through the middle communicating pipe, and an air outlet of the normally closed air valve is communicated with the atmosphere; and each middle communicating pipe is connected with a normally open air valve in series. The normally closed air valve is opened to exhaust outwards when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped, and the normally open air valve is closed when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped. The technical scheme is particularly suitable for high-rise residential buildings.

Any residential building exhaust pipe valve connection control system, the alternative technical scheme is: an exhaust cap is arranged on the air outlet of the normally closed air valve. When the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped, the exhaust cap exhausts, so that gas and odor can be prevented from being mixed between the smoke accumulation and the pipelines and between the pipelines and the indoor space. The exhaust cap is a natural power exhaust cap or a hybrid power exhaust cap combining natural power and electric power, or a pure electric microminiature exhaust fan with a protective cap, and the like.

During the shutdown of the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device, because the atmospheric pressure of the same horizontal plane of the roof is basically the same, as long as the pressure in each main exhaust pipe and each main sewer pipe is higher than the atmospheric pressure of the roof, the opened normally closed air valve exhausts outwards, and the phenomena of air and odor can be prevented from occurring between pipelines, between pipelines and indoors.

A residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system comprising: the main exhaust pipes and the main sewer pipes are respectively arranged in or outside each layer of kitchen and bathroom of the residential building, and one residential building is provided with N main exhaust pipes and M main sewer pipes; the upper ends of the main exhaust pipes and the main sewer pipes are respectively provided with an upper end and a lower end, the upper ports of the main exhaust pipes are closed, and the upper ends of the main sewer pipes are opened or communicated through communicating pipes and then are connected with an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device; the lower ends of the main exhaust pipes of the kitchen and bathroom are respectively or communicated through a communicating pipe at the lower end and then connected into an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device; the lower ends of the main sewer pipes are respectively or respectively communicated through communicating pipes and then are connected in series with a check valve or a water seal valve or a pipeline flap valve between the main sewer pipes and a sewage pipe network; the lower end communicating pipe of each main exhaust pipe is connected in series with a normally open air valve, and the normally open air valve is closed when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped; the air inlet of the normally closed air valve is communicated with the main exhaust pipe respectively or through the upper end communicating pipe, the air outlet of the normally closed air valve is communicated with the atmosphere, and the normally closed air valve is used for opening exhaust when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped so as to prevent smoke accumulation and air leakage between the pipelines and the indoor.

According to the technical scheme, when the upper ends of the main exhaust pipes are closed and the exhaust machine or the exhaust purification device at the lower ends of the main exhaust pipes run, the air inlet of the upper ports can be prevented, and the improvement of the negative pressure degree in the pipes is facilitated. The practical test that the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is arranged at the lower port of the main exhaust pipe through a pipeline and the exhaust device with the completely same power is arranged at the upper port of the main exhaust pipe proves that the exhaust device is arranged at the lower port of the main exhaust pipe, so that the indoor smoke can be effectively discharged, the installation and the maintenance of the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device can be facilitated, and the influence of the vibration and the noise of an exhaust machine on households can be reduced. The technical scheme is particularly suitable for medium-low-rise residential buildings.

The exhaust and pipe valve connection control system for the residential building comprises the following alternative technical schemes: and the normally open air valves are connected in series on the communicating pipes at the upper ends, and are closed when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped, so that the air leakage among the main exhaust pipes, the main sewer pipes and the indoor air leakage among the pipelines is prevented.

Any residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system, the alternative technical scheme is: the method comprises the steps of connecting an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device to the middle part of each main exhaust pipe near the pressure neutral surface of the middle part of the vertical height of each main exhaust pipe in a kitchen or a bathroom or near the refuge floor of a residential building respectively or after the middle part is communicated by arranging a middle communicating pipe, arranging a normally closed air valve on the side surface of the middle part of each main exhaust pipe or on the middle communicating pipe, communicating an air inlet of the normally closed air valve with the main exhaust pipe respectively or through the middle communicating pipe, communicating an air outlet of the normally closed air valve with the atmosphere, and connecting the normally open air valve in series on each middle communicating pipe. The normally closed air valve is opened to exhaust outwards when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped, and the normally open air valve is closed when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped. The technical scheme is particularly suitable for medium-high-rise residential buildings.

Any residential building exhaust pipe valve connection control system, the alternative technical scheme is: an exhaust cap is arranged on the air outlet of the normally closed air valve. When the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped, the exhaust cap exhausts, so that the smoke accumulation and the cross gas between the pipelines and the indoor space are prevented.

A residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system comprising: the main exhaust pipes and the main sewer pipes are respectively arranged in or outside each layer of kitchen and bathroom of the residential building, and one residential building is provided with N main exhaust pipes and M main sewer pipes; the upper ends of the main exhaust pipes and the main sewer pipes of the kitchen and the bathroom are respectively or respectively communicated by an upper end communicating pipe and then connected to an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device; the lower ends of the main exhaust pipes of the kitchen and the bathroom are respectively or communicated through a lower end communicating pipe and then connected into an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device; the lower ends of the main downpipes are respectively or respectively communicated with a sewage pipe network through communicating pipes, a check valve, a water seal valve or a pipeline flap valve is connected in series between the lower ends of the main downpipes and the sewage pipe network, a normally closed air valve is arranged on the communicating pipes at the upper ends or the upper ends of the main downpipes, an air inlet of the normally closed air valve is communicated with the communicating pipes at the upper ends or the upper ends of the main exhaust pipes and the main downpipes, an air outlet of the normally closed air valve is communicated with the atmosphere, and the normally closed air valve opens exhaust when an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device is stopped.

According to the technical scheme, the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is arranged at the lower end of the main exhaust pipe, and the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is arranged at the upper ends of the main exhaust pipe and the main sewer pipe, so that the uniformity of the gas flow velocity in the pipe can be greatly improved, the non-uniformity of the pressure difference between the exhaust pipe and the indoor space between the layers can be reduced, and the efficiency of the system can be improved. The device has the function of reducing static pressure in the exhaust pipe and the main sewer pipe of each floor, and can effectively solve the problems of smoke, smell mixing, smell reversing and backflow smoke caused by uneven exhaust capacity of each floor due to high static pressure and low exhaust speed in the main exhaust pipe and the main sewer pipe of middle and high-rise houses. Tests prove that the phenomena of smoke mixing, smell reversing and smoke backflow can not occur as long as the exhaust ventilator has enough suction capability even if all layers of smoke exhaust ventilators are started or are partially started. The technical scheme is particularly suitable for medium-high-rise residential buildings.

The exhaust and pipe valve connection control system for the residential building comprises the following alternative technical schemes: the communicating pipes at the upper ends are connected in series with normally open air valves, and the normally open air valves are closed when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped; the lower end communicating pipe of each main exhaust pipe is connected in series with a normally open air valve, and the normally open air valve is closed when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped.

Any residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system, the alternative technical scheme is: the method is characterized in that the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is connected to the middle part of the main exhaust pipes near the pressure neutral surface of the middle part of the vertical height of the main exhaust pipes of the kitchen and the toilet or near the refuge floor of the residential building respectively or after the communication of the main exhaust pipes by arranging a middle communicating pipe, a normally closed air valve is arranged on the side surface of the middle part of each main exhaust pipe or on the middle communicating pipe, an air inlet of the normally closed air valve is communicated with the main exhaust pipe respectively or through the middle communicating pipe, an air outlet of the normally closed air valve is communicated with the atmosphere, and the normally open air valve is connected to the middle communicating pipes in series. The normally closed air valve is opened to exhaust outwards when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped, and the normally open air valve is closed when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped. The technical scheme can further reduce the static pressure of the middle part in the main exhaust pipe, improve the exhaust speed of households in the middle part, and is particularly suitable for high-rise or extra-high-rise residential buildings. For the ultra-high-rise building, a plurality of exhaust devices or exhaust purification devices can be connected at intervals in the height range of the main exhaust pipe.

Any residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system, the alternative technical scheme is: the lower end of the main sewer pipe is upwards connected with the lower port of the air-water communication pipeline on the pipeline between the check valve or the water seal valve or the flap valve, the upper port of the air-water communication pipeline is provided with an exhaust valve or an automatic water-isolation exhaust valve, the exhaust valve or the automatic water-isolation exhaust valve is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is communicated with the upper port of the air-water communication pipeline, and the air outlet is communicated with the air inlet of the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device at the lower end of the main exhaust pipe through the air communication pipeline.

Any residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system, the alternative technical scheme is: an exhaust cap is arranged on the air outlet of the normally closed air valve. When the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped, the exhaust cap exhausts, so that the smoke accumulation and the cross gas between the pipelines and the indoor space are prevented.

Any residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system, the alternative technical scheme is: and when the exhaust devices or the exhaust purification devices are maintained and cleaned, the standby exhaust devices or the standby exhaust purification devices are started, and meanwhile, the normally open type air valve is closed, and the normally closed type air valve is opened. The backup exhaust device or the backup exhaust purification device can also be a movable backup exhaust device or a backup exhaust purification device, and when each exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is maintained and cleaned, the movable backup exhaust device or the backup exhaust purification device can be temporarily installed for exhausting.

The various residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control systems can adopt the following alternative technical schemes: and each exhaust device or each exhaust purification device is connected with a standby power supply, and when the main power grid is powered off, the standby power supply drives the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device to operate.

Any residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system, the alternative technical scheme is: exhaust pipelines are communicated with the main exhaust pipe in living rooms, bedrooms and study rooms of the residence. The exhaust pipeline can realize uniform exhaust in each main room.

Any residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system, the alternative technical scheme is: and the air outlets of the exhaust devices or the exhaust purification devices on the lower end parts of the main exhaust pipes are communicated with a sewage pipe network through pipelines. The manhole cover on the sewer pipe network should be sealed well.

Any residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system, the alternative technical scheme is: an exhaust pipe is connected to the sewage pipe network far from the residential building, and an exhaust purification device can be opened or installed on the upper port of the exhaust pipe.

The beneficial effects are that: according to the technical scheme, when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is in normal exhaust operation, the phenomena of odor mixing, smoke mixing, backflow, odor reflection, odor accumulation of indoor lampblack and the like among pipelines and between pipelines and the indoor space can be eliminated. When the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped due to power failure or maintenance cleaning, the phenomena of mutual air cross and dirty air accumulation between the main exhaust pipes, between the main sewer pipes or between the main exhaust pipes and the main sewer pipes and between the pipelines and the indoor space can be eliminated, the spreading and infection risk of viruses is reduced, and fresh air ventilation is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a building top exhaust purification apparatus and pipe valve connection for two groups of households in a unit of a residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a building bottom exhaust purification device and pipe valve connection for two groups of households of a unit of another residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall exhaust and pipe valve connections of a group of buildings of yet another residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

in fig. 1 described above: the group A-two-dot chain line corresponds to the group A household building top, the group B-two-dot chain line is internally opposite to the group B household building top, the group 1a-A kitchen main exhaust pipe upper end, the group 2a-A bathroom main exhaust pipe upper end, the group 3a-A kitchen main exhaust pipe upper end normally closed type air valve, the group 4a-A bathroom main exhaust pipe upper end normally closed type air valve, the group 5a-A kitchen main exhaust pipe upper end exhaust cap, the group 6a-A bathroom main exhaust pipe upper end exhaust cap, the group 7a-A kitchen main exhaust pipe upper end communicating pipe upper normally open type air valve, the group 8a-A bathroom main exhaust pipe upper end communicating pipe upper normally open type air valve, the group 9a-A kitchen sewer pipe upper end, the group 10a-A bathroom sewer pipe upper end, the group 11a-A bathroom sewer pipe upper end, the group 12a-A bathroom sewer pipe upper end normally closed type air valve, the group 13a-A bathroom sewer pipe upper end normally closed type air valve, the group 14a-A bathroom sewer pipe upper end communicating pipe upper normally open type air valve, the group 16a sewer pipe upper end communicating pipe upper end and the group 16a sewer pipe upper end. The upper end of the main exhaust pipe of the kitchen of the 1B-B group, the upper end of the main exhaust pipe of the bathroom of the 2B-B group, the normally closed air valve at the upper end of the main exhaust pipe of the kitchen of the 3B-B group, the normally closed air valve at the upper end of the main exhaust pipe of the bathroom of the 4B-B group, the upper end exhaust cap of the main exhaust pipe of the kitchen of the 5B-B group, the upper end exhaust cap of the main exhaust pipe of the bathroom of the 6B-B group, the normally open air valve on the communicating pipe at the upper end of the main exhaust pipe of the kitchen of the 7B-B group, the normally open air valve on the communicating pipe at the upper end of the main exhaust pipe of the bathroom of the 8B-B group, the upper end of the kitchen sewer pipe of the 9B-B group, the upper end of the bathroom sewer pipe of the 10B-B group, the upper end of the bathroom sewer pipe of the 11B-B group, the normally closed air valve of the upper end of the kitchen sewer pipe of the 12B-B group, the normally closed air valve of the upper end of the bathroom sewer pipe of the 13B-B group, the normally open air valve of the communicating pipe of the upper end of the kitchen sewer pipe of the 14B-B group, the normally open air valve of the communicating pipe of the upper end of the bathroom sewer pipe of the 17B-B group, the communicating pipe of the upper end of the main exhaust pipe of the 15B-B group and the communicating pipe of the upper end of the sewer pipe of the 16B-A group. 18-roof exhaust purification device.

In fig. 2 described above: the A-chain double-dot line corresponds to the bottom of the building of the A group, the B-chain double-dot line corresponds to the bottom of the building of the B group, the lower end of the main exhaust pipe of the kitchen of the 1c-A group, the lower end of the main exhaust pipe of the bathroom of the 2c-A group, the communicating pipe of the lower end of the kitchen of the 7c-A group is normally opened with an air valve, the communicating pipe of the lower end of the bathroom of the 8c-A group is normally opened with an air valve, the lower end of the sewer pipe of the kitchen of the 9c-A group, the lower end of the sewer pipe of the bathroom of the 10c-A group, the lower end of the sewer pipe of the washing room of the 11c-A group, the communicating pipe of the lower end of the main exhaust pipe of the 15c-A group and the lower end of the sewer pipe of the 16c-A group are communicated. The lower end of the main exhaust pipe of the kitchen of the 1d-B group, the lower end of the main exhaust pipe of the bathroom of the 2d-B group, the normally open air valve on the communicating pipe of the lower end of the main exhaust pipe of the kitchen of the 7d-B group, the normally open air valve on the communicating pipe of the lower end of the main exhaust pipe of the bathroom of the 8d-B group, the lower end of the sewer pipe of the bathroom of the 9d-B group, the lower end of the sewer pipe of the bathroom of the 10d-B group, the lower end of the sewer pipe of the washroom of the 11d-B group, the lower end communicating pipe of the main exhaust pipe of the 15d-B group and the lower end communicating pipe of the sewer pipe of the 16 d-group. 19-floor exhaust purification device, 20, 21-sewer pipeline flap valve.

In fig. 3 described above: 1-kitchen main exhaust pipe, 2-bathroom main exhaust pipe, 3-kitchen main exhaust pipe normally closed air valve, 4-bathroom main exhaust pipe normally closed air valve, 5-kitchen exhaust cap, 6-bathroom exhaust cap, 7, 8, 9-upper end communicating pipe upper normally open air valve, 10-roof exhaust device, 11-roof purifier, 12-kitchen range hood, 13-kitchen sewer pipe, 15-bathroom sewer pipe, 16-bathroom exhaust machine, 17-kitchen, 18-bathroom, 19-kitchen air inlet, 20-bathroom air inlet, 21-kitchen fire check valve, 21 b-fire check valve, 22 a-kitchen sewer floor drain, 22-bathroom sewer floor drain, 23, 24-upper end communicating pipe, 25, 26, 27-lower end communicating pipe, 28-air water communicating pipe, 29, 30, 31-lower end communicating pipe upper normally open air valve, 32-automatic water-separating exhaust valve, 33-pipeline air outlet valve, 34-lower end air blower, 35-lower end vertical purifier, 36-lower end sewage water inlet, 37-lower end communicating pipe normally closed air valve, 37-lower end normally open air valve, and normally closed type upper and 39-lower water bathroom air valve.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.

Example 1: a schematic diagram of a residential building exhaust purification device and pipe valve connection for the roof of two groups of households in one unit of an exhaust pipe and valve connection control system as shown in fig. 1. The group A is corresponding to the group A building top in the double-dot chain line, the group B is used for the group B building top in the double-dot chain line, the group A kitchen main exhaust pipe upper end 1a is connected with a normally closed type air valve 3a, the normally closed type air valve 3a is communicated with an exhaust cap 5a, the group A bathroom main exhaust pipe upper end 2a is connected with a normally closed type air valve 4a, the normally closed type air valve 4a is communicated with an exhaust cap 6a, the kitchen main exhaust pipe upper end 1a is communicated with the bathroom main exhaust pipe upper end 2a through an upper end communicating pipe 15a, the upper end communicating pipe 15a is respectively connected with normally open type air valves 7a and 8a in series, the kitchen sewer pipe 9a upper end is communicated with the bathroom sewer pipe 10a upper end and the upper end of the washing room sewer pipe 11a through an upper end communicating pipe 16a, normally closed type air valves 12a and 13a are respectively arranged, and the normally open type air valves 14a and 17a are respectively connected with the sewer pipe upper end 16a in series.

The upper end 1B of the main exhaust pipe of the kitchen room of the group B is connected with a normally closed air valve 3B, the normally closed air valve 3B is communicated with an exhaust cap 5B, the upper end 2B of the main exhaust pipe of the bathroom of the group B is connected with a normally closed air valve 4B, the normally closed air valve 4B is communicated with an exhaust cap 6B, the upper end 1B of the main exhaust pipe of the kitchen is communicated with the upper end 2B of the main exhaust pipe of the bathroom through an upper communicating pipe 15B, normally open air valves 7B and 8B are respectively connected in series with the upper communicating pipe 15B, the kitchen sewer pipe 9B is communicated with the bathroom sewer pipe 10B and the upper communicating pipe 15B through an upper communicating pipe 16B, normally closed air valves 12B and 13B are respectively arranged in series with the upper communicating pipe 16B of the sewer pipe, and normally open air valves 14B and 17B are respectively connected in series with the upper communicating pipe 16B of the sewer pipe.

An exhaust gas purifying device 18 is connected between the communication pipe 15a and the communication pipe 15b through a communication line.

When the exhaust gas purifying device 18 pumps exhaust gas, the normally closed dampers 3a, 4a, 3b, 4b, 12a, 13a, 12b, 13b are in a closed state; the normally open dampers 7a, 8a, 7b, 8b, 14a, 17a, 14b, and 17b are opened, and the dirty gas in the main exhaust pipe and the main sewer pipe is purified and discharged by the exhaust gas purifying device 18 through the upper end communicating pipes.

When the exhaust gas purification device 18 is stopped, the normally closed dampers 3a, 4a, 3b, 4b, 12a, 13a, 12b, 13b are in an open state; the normally open air valves 7a, 8a, 7b, 8b, 14a, 17a, 14b, 17b are closed, and the dirty gas in each main exhaust pipe is sucked by the exhaust caps 5a, 6a, 5b, 6b through the open air valves 3a, 4a, 3b, 4b and discharged to the atmosphere; the dirty gas in each main sewer pipe is discharged to the atmosphere through the opened dampers 12a, 13a, 12b, and 13 b. The air outlets of the air valves 12a, 13a, 12b and 13b can be respectively provided with an exhaust cap, or respectively communicated with the air inlets of the exhaust caps 5a, 6a, 5b and 6b through pipelines, or respectively communicated with the upper ends 1a, 2a, 1b and 2b of the main exhaust pipes. Ensuring that the phenomena of mutual cross gas and accumulation of dirty gas between the main exhaust pipes, between the main downpipes or between the main exhaust pipes and the main downpipes, between the pipes and the room are eliminated when the exhaust purification device 18 is stopped. The embodiment can also be that each main exhaust pipe and each main sewer pipe of a building multi-unit multi-group resident are connected and then connected with one or more exhaust devices or exhaust purification devices, and the pipe valves are connected according to the embodiment and the control under different working conditions is implemented.

Example 2: another residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system, shown in fig. 2, is a schematic illustration of a building bottom exhaust purification device and pipe valve connection for two groups of households. The A-chain double-dot line corresponds to the bottom of the A-group residential building, the B-chain double-dot line is used for the bottom of the B-group residential building, the lower end 1c of the A-group residential kitchen main exhaust pipe is communicated with the lower end 2c of the bathroom main exhaust pipe through a lower end communicating pipe 15c, the lower end communicating pipe 15c is respectively connected with normally open air valves 7c and 8c in series, the lower end 1d of the B-group residential kitchen main exhaust pipe is communicated with the lower end 2d of the bathroom main exhaust pipe through a lower end communicating pipe 15d, and the lower end communicating pipe 15d is respectively connected with normally open air valves 7d and 8d in series.

An exhaust gas purifying device 19 is connected between the lower communication pipes 15c and 15d through communication lines.

The group A kitchen sewer pipe 9c is communicated with the group B kitchen sewer pipe 9d through the lower end communicating pipe 16c and then is connected to the pipeline flap 20, and the group A bathroom sewer pipe 10c and the washing room sewer pipe 11c are communicated with the group B bathroom sewer pipe 10d and the washing room sewer pipe 11d through the lower end communicating pipe 16d and then are connected to the pipeline flap 21.

When the exhaust purification device 19 is exhausting, the normally open air valves 7c, 8c, 7d, 8d are opened, the main exhaust pipe fumes are purified by the exhaust purification device 19 and exhausted, and the dirty gas in the main downcomers is exhausted by the exhaust device or the exhaust cap at the upper end of the main downcomers (not shown in fig. 2). The flaps 20 and 21 prevent the dirty gas in the sewage pipe network from flowing back into the main sewer pipes.

When the exhaust purification device 19 is stopped, the normally open air valves 7c, 8c, 7d, 8d are in a closed state, so that the air leakage between the main exhaust pipes is prevented, the flue gas in each main exhaust pipe is discharged through the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device (not shown in fig. 2) at the upper end of the main exhaust pipe, and the flapper valves 20, 21 can prevent the dirty gas of the sewage pipe network from entering the lower end communicating pipes 16c, 16 d.

The embodiment can also be that each main exhaust pipe and each main sewer pipe of a building multi-unit multi-group resident are connected and then connected with one or more exhaust devices or exhaust purification devices, and the pipe valves are connected according to the embodiment and the control under different working conditions is implemented.

Example 3: an integrated exhaust and pipe valve connection schematic for a group of buildings of a residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system as in fig. 3. The upper end of the kitchen main exhaust pipe 1 is provided with a normally closed air valve 3, the normally closed air valve 3 is provided with an exhaust cap 5, the upper end of the bathroom main exhaust pipe 2 is provided with a normally closed air valve 4, the normally closed air valve 4 is provided with an exhaust cap 6, the upper end of the kitchen main exhaust pipe 1 is communicated with the upper end of the bathroom main exhaust pipe 2 through upper communicating pipes 23 and 24, and is connected with normally open air valves 7, 8 and 9 in series, and the upper communicating pipes 23 and 24 are connected with an upper exhaust device 10 and an upper purifying device 11; the upper end of the main sewer pipe 13 of the kitchen and the upper end of the main sewer pipe 15 of the bathroom are respectively communicated with the upper communicating pipes 23 and 24, and normally closed air valves 37 and 38 are respectively arranged on one side of the upper ends of the main sewer pipe 13 and the main sewer pipe 15.

The lower ends of the main sewer pipe 13 and the main sewer pipe 15 are connected with a one-way valve or a flap valve 33 through a gas-water communicating pipe 28, and the outlet of the one-way valve or the flap valve 33 is communicated with a sewage pipe network 39. A vertical air-water communicating pipe 36 is connected to the inlet pipe of the check valve or flap 33, an automatic water-proof exhaust valve 32 is connected to the upper end of the vertical air-water communicating pipe 36, the air outlet of the automatic water-proof exhaust valve 32 is communicated with the air inlets of the lower-end exhauster 34 and the lower-end gas purifying device 35 through the lower-end communicating pipe 27 and the lower-end communicating pipes 25 and 26, and the lower-end communicating pipes 25 and 26 are respectively connected with normally open air valves 29, 30 and 31 in series.

When the exhauster 10, the gas purifying device 11, the exhauster 34 and the gas purifying device 35 are operated, the normally open type air valves 7, 8, 9, 29, 30 and 31 are in an open state, outdoor fresh air enters the room through the kitchen air inlet 19, the bathroom air inlet 20 or other air inlets of other parts of the house, and enters the kitchen main exhaust pipe 1 and the bathroom main exhaust pipe 2 through the kitchen exhauster 12, the fireproof check valve 21, the exhauster 16 of the bathroom and the fireproof check valve 21b together with dirty air in the kitchen 17 and the bathroom 18, wherein the dirty air in the upper half part of each main exhaust pipe enters the upper communicating pipes 23 and 24; dirty gas in the upper half parts of the kitchen main sewer pipe 13 and the bathroom main sewer pipe 15 also enter the upper communicating pipes 23 and 24, and the dirty gas in the two parts is purified and discharged by the exhaust device 10 and the purification device 11; dirty gas in the lower half parts of the kitchen main exhaust pipe 1 and the bathroom main exhaust pipe 2 enters lower communicating pipes 25 and 26; dirty gas in the lower half of the main sewer pipe 13 and the main sewer pipe 15 of the bathroom also enters the lower air-water communicating pipes 28 and 36, and is purified by the exhauster 34 and the gas purifying device 35 through the automatic water-separating exhaust valve 32 and the lower communicating pipes 27, 26 and 25, and then is discharged.

When the exhaust device 10, the gas purifying device 11, the exhaust device 34, and the gas purifying device 35 are stopped, the normally open dampers 7, 8, 9, 29, 30, 31 are closed, and the normally closed dampers 3, 4, 37, 38 are opened. Outdoor fresh air enters the room through a kitchen air inlet 19, a bathroom air inlet 20 or other air inlets of other parts of the house, and enters the kitchen main exhaust pipe 1 and the bathroom main exhaust pipe 2 respectively through a kitchen range hood 12, a fireproof check valve 21, a bathroom exhaust machine 16 and a fireproof check valve 21 b; dirty gas in the kitchen main exhaust pipe 1, the bathroom main exhaust pipe 2, the kitchen main sewer pipe 13 and the bathroom main sewer pipe 15 is discharged into the atmosphere through the opened normally closed air valve 3, the exhaust cap 5, the opened normally closed air valve 4, the exhaust cap 6 and the opened normally closed air valves 37 and 38. The normally open air valves 7, 8, 9, 29, 30 and 31 are closed to prevent air leakage between the pipelines.

The function of the automatic marine riser vent valve 32 is: during normal operation, a part of dirty gas in each main sewer pipe enters the lower communicating pipes 25, 26 and 27 through the automatic water-proof exhaust valve 32, then enters the exhaust machine 34 and the purification device 35 and is discharged, and meanwhile, sewage in the sewer pipe or the sewage pipe network is prevented from entering the lower communicating pipes 25, 26 and 27 when overflowed; flap valve 33 prevents dirty gas or sewage from the sewage pipe network from entering into lower communication pipes 25, 26, 27.

An air purifier, an air quantity regulating valve, an air inlet fan, a positive pressure fresh air device with a heat exchanger or a combination thereof can be arranged on the kitchen air inlet 19, the bathroom air inlet 20 or other air inlets of other parts of the residence.

The purifier of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus in each of the above embodiments may be installed in front of the exhaust gas machine, or the purifier may be installed in rear of the exhaust gas machine, preferably the purifier is installed in front of the exhaust gas machine.

While a residential building exhaust pipe valve connection control system has been described in connection with preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited to the specific forms described herein, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various alternative forms, subcombinations of the various features, and equivalents thereof, which would, of course, fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system comprising: the main exhaust pipes and the main sewer pipes are respectively arranged in or outside each layer of kitchen and bathroom of the residential building, and one residential building is provided with N main exhaust pipes and M main sewer pipes; each main exhaust pipe and each main sewer pipe are respectively provided with an upper end and a lower end, and the lower ends of the main exhaust pipes are closed, and the device is characterized in that: the upper ends of the main exhaust pipes and the main sewer pipes of the kitchen and the bathroom are respectively or communicated through upper end communicating pipes and then connected into an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device, the lower ends of the main sewer pipes are respectively or communicated through the communicating pipes and then connected with a check valve or a water seal valve or a pipeline flap valve in series, the upper ends or upper end communicating pipes of the main exhaust pipes and the main sewer pipes are respectively provided with normally closed air valves, the air inlets of the normally closed air valves are communicated with the upper ends or upper end communicating pipes of the main exhaust pipes and the main sewer pipes, the air outlets of the normally closed air valves are communicated with the atmosphere, and the normally closed air valves are opened when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped.

2. A residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the communicating pipes at the upper ends are connected in series with normally open air valves, and the normally open air valves are closed when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped.

3. A residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the method comprises the steps that an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device is connected to the middle part of each main exhaust pipe near the pressure neutral surface of the middle part of the vertical height of each main exhaust pipe in a kitchen or a bathroom or near the refuge floor of a residential building respectively or after the middle part communicating pipe is arranged, a normally closed air valve is arranged on the side surface of the middle part of each main exhaust pipe or on the middle communicating pipe, an air inlet of the normally closed air valve is communicated with the main exhaust pipe respectively or through the middle communicating pipe, and an air outlet of the normally closed air valve is communicated with the atmosphere; and the normally open air valves are connected in series on the middle communicating pipes, the normally closed air valves are opened for exhausting outwards when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped, and the normally open air valves are closed when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped.

4. A residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: an exhaust cap is arranged on the air outlet of the normally closed air valve.

5. A residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system comprising: the main exhaust pipes and the main sewer pipes are respectively arranged in or outside each layer of kitchen and bathroom of the residential building, and one residential building is provided with N main exhaust pipes and M main sewer pipes; each main exhaust pipe and each main sewer pipe are respectively provided with an upper end and a lower end, and are characterized in that: the upper end ports of the main exhaust pipes are closed, and the upper ends of the main sewer pipes are opened or communicated through communicating pipes and then connected with an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device; the lower ends of the main exhaust pipes of the kitchen and bathroom are respectively or communicated through a communicating pipe at the lower end and then connected into an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device; the lower ends of the main sewer pipes are respectively or respectively communicated through communicating pipes and then are connected in series with a check valve or a water seal valve or a pipeline flap valve between the main sewer pipes and a sewage pipe network; the lower end communicating pipe of each main exhaust pipe is connected in series with a normally open air valve, and the normally open air valve is closed when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped; the air inlet of the normally closed air valve is communicated with the main exhaust pipe respectively or through the upper end communicating pipe, the air outlet of the normally closed air valve is communicated with the atmosphere, and the normally closed air valve is opened when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped.

6. A residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system as claimed in claim 5, wherein: and the communicating pipes at the upper ends are connected in series with normally open air valves, and the normally open air valves are closed when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped.

7. A residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein: the method comprises the steps that the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is connected to the middle part of each main exhaust pipe near the pressure neutral surface of the middle part of the vertical height of each main exhaust pipe in a kitchen or a bathroom or near the middle part of each main exhaust pipe corresponding to the refuge layer of a residential building respectively or after being communicated by arranging a middle communicating pipe, a normally closed air valve is arranged on the side surface of the middle part of each main exhaust pipe or on the middle communicating pipe, an air inlet of the normally closed air valve is communicated with the main exhaust pipe respectively or through the middle communicating pipe, an air outlet of the normally closed air valve is communicated with the atmosphere, the normally open air valve is connected to the middle communicating pipe in series, the normally closed air valve is opened for exhausting outwards when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped, and the normally open air valve is closed when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped.

8. A residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein: an exhaust cap is arranged on the air outlet of the normally closed air valve.

9. A residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system comprising: the main exhaust pipes and the main sewer pipes are respectively arranged in or outside each layer of kitchen and bathroom of the residential building, and one residential building is provided with N main exhaust pipes and M main sewer pipes; each main exhaust pipe and each main sewer pipe are respectively provided with an upper end and a lower end, and are characterized in that: the upper ends of the main exhaust pipes and the main sewer pipes of the kitchen and the bathroom are respectively or respectively communicated through an upper end communicating pipe, and then are connected to an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device; the lower ends of the main exhaust pipes of the kitchen and the bathroom are respectively or communicated through a lower end communicating pipe and then connected into an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device; the lower ends of the main downpipes are respectively or respectively communicated with a sewage pipe network through communicating pipes, a check valve, a water seal valve or a pipeline flap valve is connected in series between the lower ends of the main downpipes and the sewage pipe network, a normally closed air valve is arranged on the communicating pipes at the upper ends or the upper ends of the main downpipes, an air inlet of the normally closed air valve is communicated with the communicating pipes at the upper ends or the upper ends of the main exhaust pipes and the main downpipes, an air outlet of the normally closed air valve is communicated with the atmosphere, and the normally closed air valve is opened when an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device is stopped.

10. A residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the communicating pipes at the upper ends are connected in series with normally open air valves, and the normally open air valves are closed when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped; the lower end communicating pipe of each main exhaust pipe is connected in series with a normally open air valve, and the normally open air valve is closed when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped.

11. A residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: the method comprises the steps that the middle parts of the main exhaust pipes of a kitchen and a bathroom are communicated with each other through a middle communicating pipe or are connected with an exhaust device or an exhaust purification device after being communicated with each other through the middle communicating pipe, the side surfaces of the middle parts of the main exhaust pipes or the middle communicating pipe are provided with normally closed air valves, air inlets of the normally closed air valves are communicated with the main exhaust pipes respectively or through the middle communicating pipe, air outlets of the normally closed air valves are communicated with the atmosphere, the normally closed air valves are connected with the middle communicating pipes in series, the normally closed air valves are opened to exhaust outwards when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped, and the normally closed air valves are closed when the exhaust device or the exhaust purification device is stopped.

12. A residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: the lower end of the main sewer pipe is upwards connected with the lower port of the air-water communicating pipe on a pipeline between the lower end of the main sewer pipe and the check valve or the water seal valve or the flap valve, the upper port of the air-water communicating pipe is provided with an exhaust valve or an automatic water-proof exhaust valve, the exhaust valve or the automatic water-proof exhaust valve is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is communicated with the upper port of the air-water communicating pipe, and the air outlet is communicated with the air inlet of the air exhaust device or the air exhaust purification device at the lower end of the main exhaust pipe through the air communicating pipe.

13. A residential building exhaust and pipe valve connection control system according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: an exhaust cap is arranged on the air outlet of the normally closed air valve.