CN117432464A - Long-acting control method for high-compactness filling mining rock stratum under important facilities - Google Patents
Long-acting control method for high-compactness filling mining rock stratum under important facilities Download PDFInfo
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- CN117432464A CN117432464A CN202311224290.3A CN202311224290A CN117432464A CN 117432464 A CN117432464 A CN 117432464A CN 202311224290 A CN202311224290 A CN 202311224290A CN 117432464 A CN117432464 A CN 117432464A
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- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 325
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 gangue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/02—Supporting means, e.g. shuttering, for filling-up materials
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
- E21D23/04—Structural features of the supporting construction, e.g. linking members between adjacent frames or sets of props; Means for counteracting lateral sliding on inclined floor
- E21D23/0481—Supports specially adapted for use in combination with the placing of filling-up materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/06—Filling-up mechanically
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/08—Filling-up hydraulically or pneumatically
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/08—Filling-up hydraulically or pneumatically
- E21F15/10—Hydraulic or pneumatic filling-up machines
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a long-acting control method for high-compactness filling mining rock strata under important facilities, wherein a used filling hydraulic support comprises a support body part, a solid filling aggregate conveying part, a composite filling part and a filling feedback part; the concrete steps include filling preparation, solid filling aggregate filling operation, cementing slurry application operation and frame moving operation. According to the invention, the goaf is subjected to composite filling operation through the spiral pushing device and the cementing slurry applying device of the filling hydraulic support, the solid filling aggregate is continuously filled and extruded into the goaf through the spiral pushing device to improve the filling compactness of the solid filling aggregate, and the cementing slurry applying device is used for applying the cementing slurry to the preliminarily extruded compact solid filling aggregate filling body to fill gaps among solid filling aggregate particles, so that the stable high-compactness filling body can be obtained, and long-term slow deformation of the earth surface can be effectively controlled on the premise of controlling the initial deformation of the filling body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rock stratum long-acting control method, in particular to a high-compactness filling mining rock stratum long-acting control method under an important facility capable of controlling long-term slow deformation of the earth surface, and belongs to the technical field of mining.
Background
The filling mining is to fill the abandoned filling material into the working face goaf to control the roof to fall, the disturbance to the rock stratum is small after filling, and the rock stratum movement and the ground surface subsidence can be effectively controlled, so that the problems of coal mining environment and the next three-step coal mining are solved, and the method is an important way for improving the coal resource mining rate, improving the mining area environment and realizing the efficient green mining of the coal industry.
With the development of underground filling mining technology of coal mines, the problems of ground subsidence control and solid waste ground emission are partially solved, the situations of ground subsidence damage environment and 'three-lower' rigid resource waste are alleviated, but the underground coal face of places such as strategic pipelines, important electric power facilities, high-rise buildings and the like is provided with higher requirements for overlying strata deformation of the filling mining face and long-term ground subsidence control, and the filling compactness is improved and long-term deformation of a filling body is limited.
The filling hydraulic support is an important supporting device used in underground coal mine filling exploitation, and is mainly used for supporting a top plate, isolating a goaf and protecting the operation safety of underground personnel, and meanwhile, a relatively closed filling area can be formed behind the support, so that the exploitation and the filling can be realized. The existing underground coal mine working face filling and mining technology mainly comprises a solid filling method for filling by using solid wastes such as gangue, waste rocks and the like and a grouting filling method for filling by using pasty materials such as paste, high-water materials and the like according to filling materials and process classifications.
The filling hydraulic support used in the solid filling method generally comprises a scraper conveyor suspended below a top beam and a pushing and tamping mechanism which is arranged in a telescopic way behind a base of the filling hydraulic support, solid wastes are conveyed and conveyed into the goaf through the scraper conveyor, and the solid wastes in the goaf are compacted by controlling the telescopic action of the pushing and tamping mechanism. On the one hand, the pushing and tamping mechanism can only apply discontinuous extrusion force to the filling body, so that solid particles obviously fall back after the pushing and tamping mechanism retracts, and the compactness of the filling body cannot be effectively controlled; on the other hand, in the application process of the solid filling method, because the filling body solid particles are piled up to form a bearing framework structure, and larger gaps exist among the solid particles, the gaps among the solid particles can be gradually closed to release deformation spaces under the long-term action of the overburden load, and the long-term slow deformation phenomenon of the earth surface can be caused.
The filling hydraulic support used in the grouting filling method generally comprises an upper retaining wall which is hung on a top beam, a lower retaining wall which is fixedly arranged at the rear part of a base, and a slurry conveying pipe which is hung under the top beam, wherein a working face and a goaf are isolated through the upper retaining wall and the lower retaining wall, and filling slurry is conveyed into the goaf through the slurry conveying pipe. On one hand, the problems of sinking and bleeding of the filling slurry exist in filling by using the filling slurry, namely, the volume of the filling body formed after the filling slurry is dehydrated and condensed is correspondingly reduced, and the top connection rate of the filling body is low; on the other hand, the initial setting time and the initial setting strength of the filling slurry material have important influence on the control effect of the filling mining rock stratum, the goaf roof is sunk in time when the initial setting strength of the filling slurry material is low, the advancing speed of the working face is greatly influenced by the initial setting time, the efficient production of the working face is limited, and if the filling slurry material capable of being quickly set is adopted, the filling cost is too high and the filling is uneconomical.
If prefabricated gangue aggregate concrete is adopted for goaf filling, although the problem of deformation of particle gaps of solid filling can be avoided, a pipeline conveying mode is adopted, however, dense filling materials with high coarse aggregate content and high mass concentration have extremely high abrasion to conveying pipelines during long-distance conveying, and the pipeline conveying mode has high energy consumption and poor economical efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a long-acting control method for a high-compactness filling mining rock stratum under important facilities, which can realize high-compactness filling of a goaf on the premise that a solid filling aggregate filling body in the goaf forms a high-strength framework supporting structure and the initial deformation of the filling body is controlled, so that the long-term slow deformation of the earth surface can be effectively controlled.
In order to achieve the purpose, the filling hydraulic support used by the method for controlling the high-compactness filling and mining rock stratum in a long-acting manner under the important facilities comprises a support body part, a solid filling aggregate conveying part, a composite filling part and a filling feedback part;
the frame body part comprises a top beam, a stand column, a connecting rod mechanism and a base, and the top beam is connected with the base through the stand column and the connecting rod mechanism in a mounting way;
the composite filling part comprises a spiral pushing device and a cementing slurry applying device;
the spiral pushing device is arranged on the base and comprises a sliding seat, a spiral pushing assembly and a filling isolation vertical plate; the sliding seat is arranged on the base in a sliding fit manner through a sliding guide mechanism arranged along the front-back direction, and is connected with a filling counterforce seat fixedly arranged on the base through a sliding control hydraulic cylinder; the spiral pushing and pressing assembly comprises a spiral pushing and pressing power component, a spiral conveying main shaft and a spiral pushing and pressing sleeve, wherein the spiral conveying main shaft comprising spiral pushing and pressing blades extending along the radial direction is in transmission connection with the spiral pushing and pressing power component, the spiral pushing and pressing sleeve matched with the spiral pushing and pressing blades is sleeved and installed outside the spiral conveying main shaft, the spiral pushing and pressing sleeve with a sealed front end and an open rear end is fixedly installed and connected with the sliding seat, and a filling feed port communicated with the inner cavity of the spiral pushing and pressing sleeve is further arranged on the spiral pushing and pressing sleeve; the vertical filling isolation vertical plate is provided with a filling port correspondingly matched with the spiral pushing sleeve, the filling isolation vertical plate is fixedly connected with the rear end of the spiral pushing sleeve in a sealing manner, the height and the width of the filling isolation vertical plate are respectively matched with the supporting height and the width of the frame body part, and the edge of the outline of the filling isolation vertical plate is fixedly provided with a closed air bag comprising a filling and air discharging mechanism;
the cementing slurry applying device comprises a cementing slurry conveying pipeline and a filling area grouting pipe; the filling area grouting pipe is of a flower pipe structure, and the filling area grouting pipe which is extended backward is fixedly arranged on the filling isolation vertical plate; the input end of the cementing slurry conveying pipeline is connected with the cementing slurry pumping mechanism, and the output end of the cementing slurry conveying pipeline is connected with the grouting pipe of the filling area in a sealing installation manner;
the solid filling aggregate conveying part comprises a feeding conveying device which is obliquely arranged, the feeding conveying device comprises a feeding hole at the low end and a discharging hole at the high end, and the discharging hole is arranged corresponding to the filling feeding hole;
the filling feedback part comprises an optical fiber stress sensor for sensing filling pressure of a filling area and a liquid level sensor for sensing application amount of cementing slurry, the optical fiber stress sensor is wound on an optical fiber paying-off roller positioned on the base, and the liquid level sensor is arranged on the filling isolation vertical plate;
the method for controlling the high-compactness filling and mining rock stratum in a long-acting manner under important facilities specifically comprises the following steps:
a. filling preparation: the filling hydraulic support is in a positioning supporting state on a top plate against which the top beam is propped, the closed air bag is in an uninflated state, the sliding control hydraulic cylinder is controlled to retract, the sliding seat drives the spiral pushing component and the filling isolation vertical plate to integrally move forward to a set position, then the optical fiber stress sensor is discharged from the optical fiber paying-off roller, and the end part of the optical fiber stress sensor is pulled out backward and passes through a gap between the filling isolation vertical plate and the bottom plate and then is fixed on the bottom plate of the filling area;
b. filling operation of solid filling aggregate: filling high-pressure gas into the closed air bag through the gas filling and discharging mechanism, expanding the closed air bag to hermetically isolate a filling area, starting the feeding conveying device to convey solid filling aggregate into the spiral pushing sleeve through the filling feed port, and starting the spiral pushing power component to enable the spiral conveying main shaft to continuously rotate forwards, conveying the solid filling aggregate in the spiral pushing sleeve backwards and pushing the solid filling aggregate into the filling area through the filling port of the filling isolation vertical plate; when the vertical pressure of the feedback filling area of the optical fiber stress sensor reaches a set threshold value, the feeding conveying device and the spiral pushing power component are controlled to be closed;
c. cementing slurry application: controlling the slip control hydraulic cylinder to extend, enabling the hydraulic pressure value to reach a set value and maintaining the pressure, then starting the cementing slurry pumping mechanism to pump cementing slurry into the grouting pipe of the filling area through the cementing slurry conveying pipeline, and controlling to close the cementing slurry pumping mechanism after the filling area is fully filled by feedback of the liquid level sensor;
d. and (3) frame moving operation: after the sliding control hydraulic cylinder is controlled to maintain pressure for a set time, firstly controlling the upright post to descend and enabling the top beam to be separated from the top plate, then controlling the sliding control hydraulic cylinder to extend completely, enabling the base to drive the frame body part to move forwards for one step distance integrally, and simultaneously enabling the optical fiber paying-off roller to pay out the optical fiber stress sensor for paving; after the upright post is controlled to lift to position and support the top plate against which the top beam is propped, firstly controlling the air charging and discharging mechanism to discharge air from the closed air bag, and then controlling the sliding control hydraulic cylinder to retract and reset to enable the sliding seat to drive the spiral pushing and pressing assembly and the filling isolation upright plate to integrally move forwards for resetting;
repeating the steps b, c and d for continuous step filling.
As one embodiment of the present invention, the length dimension of the screw spindle in the front-rear direction is larger than the length dimension of the screw pushing sleeve in the front-rear direction; and d, controlling the sliding control hydraulic cylinder to retract and reset, and controlling the spiral pushing power component to reversely rotate the spiral conveying main shaft.
As another embodiment of the present invention, the length dimension of the screw spindle in the front-rear direction is matched with the length dimension of the screw pushing sleeve in the front-rear direction; and d, controlling the sliding control hydraulic cylinder to retract and reset, and simultaneously controlling the spiral pushing power component to enable the spiral conveying main shaft to reversely rotate or positively rotate.
As a further improvement scheme of the invention, a vibrating rod comprising a vibration driving mechanism is fixedly arranged on the filling isolation vertical plate, and the vibrating rod extends to the rear; b, starting a spiral pushing power component to enable the spiral conveying main shaft to continuously rotate in the forward direction, and starting a vibration driving mechanism of the vibrating rod; and c, starting a cementing slurry pumping mechanism to pump cementing slurry into the grouting pipe of the filling area, and starting a vibration driving mechanism of the vibration rod.
As a further improvement scheme of the invention, the input end of the cementing slurry conveying pipeline is connected with the cementing slurry pumping mechanism through a tee joint control joint, and the other passage of the tee joint control joint is connected with the water injection mechanism; and c, after the cementing slurry pumping mechanism is controlled to be closed, controlling the tee joint control joint to enable the water injection mechanism to be communicated with the cementing slurry conveying pipeline, and injecting clean water into the grouting pipe of the filling area through the cementing slurry conveying pipeline to carry out pipeline flushing.
As a further improvement scheme of the invention, the bottom of the filling isolation vertical plate is provided with a water outlet which can be opened and closed, and the water outlet is provided with a permeable and impermeable selectively permeable membrane; and (3) opening a water outlet when clean water is injected into the grouting pipe of the filling area to flush a pipeline, filtering the cleaning water discharged through the water outlet, discharging the filtered cleaning water into a roadway drainage ditch, closing the water injection mechanism after the pipeline is flushed, and closing the water outlet after the cleaning water is discharged.
As a further improvement scheme of the invention, a synchronous pushing hydraulic cylinder which is consistent with the expansion direction of the sliding control hydraulic cylinder is also arranged on the filling counterforce seat, and the expansion end of the synchronous pushing hydraulic cylinder is connected with the spiral pushing sleeve or the spiral pushing power component in an installation way; and c, controlling the sliding control hydraulic cylinder to stretch out and draw back in the step d, and simultaneously controlling the synchronous pushing hydraulic cylinder to synchronously stretch out and draw back.
As a further improvement scheme of the invention, the top of the filling isolation vertical plate is provided with an openable and closable air outlet; and c, starting a cementing slurry pumping mechanism to pump cementing slurry into the grouting pipe of the filling area, opening the air outlet, and closing the air outlet after the filling area is filled by feedback of the liquid level sensor.
Compared with the prior art, the method for controlling the high-compactness filling mining rock stratum in a long-acting manner under the important facilities carries out compound filling operation on the goaf through the spiral pushing device of the filling hydraulic support and the cementing slurry applying device, namely, the solid filling aggregate is continuously extruded into the goaf through the spiral pushing device to improve the filling compactness of the solid filling aggregate, the solid filling aggregate filler forms a high-strength framework supporting structure capable of resisting initial deformation of surrounding rock caused by mining, and then the cementing slurry applying device applies cementing slurry to the extruded compact solid filling aggregate filler to enable the cementing slurry to fill gaps among solid filling aggregate particles, so that the stable high-strength filler capable of effectively limiting long-term deformation of the earth surface is obtained; the vertical pressure of the filling area is fed back in real time through the optical fiber stress sensor to control the filling amount of the solid filling aggregate, and the application amount of the cementing slurry is controlled through the feedback of the liquid level sensor, so that the accurate control of the filling amount can be realized; the stepping frame moving can be realized through the reaction force of the filling isolation vertical plate on one hand by controlling the expansion and contraction of the sliding control hydraulic cylinder, and on the other hand, the filling isolation vertical plate can further prop up the filling body to increase the supporting strength of the filling body, so that the long-term slow deformation of the ground surface can be effectively controlled on the premise of controlling the initial deformation of the filling body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a filling hydraulic support of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional view of the helical push sleeve and the packing isolation riser of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention in preparation for filling;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the solid-filled aggregate of the present invention during a filling operation;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the present invention during a cementing slurry application operation;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the invention in the case of a frame-moving operation.
In the figure: 1. front top beam, 2, middle top beam, 3, back top beam, 4, front upright post, 5, middle upright post, 6, back upright post, 7, connecting rod mechanism, 8, base, 9, filling reaction seat, 10, synchronous pushing hydraulic cylinder, 11, feeding gesture control device, 12, sliding control hydraulic cylinder, 13, spiral pushing power component, 14, spiral pushing sleeve, 15, filling feed inlet, 16, spiral pushing blade, 17, cementing slurry conveying pipeline, 18, filling area grouting pipe, 19, exhaust port, 20, vibrating rod, 21, water outlet, 22, slide, 23, sliding guide mechanism, 24, post frame cutting device, 25, feeding conveying device, 26, feed inlet, 27, discharge outlet, 28, filling isolation vertical plate, 29, sealing air bag, 30, optical fiber paying-off roller, 31 and liquid level sensor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings (hereinafter, the description will be made with the left direction of fig. 1 as the front).
The filling hydraulic support comprises a support body part, a solid filling aggregate conveying part, a composite filling part and a filling feedback part.
As shown in fig. 1, the frame body part comprises a top beam, a stand column, a connecting rod mechanism 7 and a base 8, wherein the top beam at least comprises a middle top beam 2, the middle top beam 2 is connected with the base 8 through the stand column and the connecting rod mechanism 7, the top beam can also comprise a front top beam 1 and a rear top beam 3 which are connected with the middle top beam 2 in an end-to-end hinged mode, the stand column at least comprises a front stand column 4 and a rear stand column 6, the stand column can also comprise a middle stand column 5, and the connecting rod mechanism 7 can be a four-bar mechanism comprising an oblique beam, a front connecting rod and a rear connecting rod.
The composite filling part comprises a spiral pushing device and a cementing slurry applying device;
the spiral pushing device is arranged on the base 8 and comprises a sliding seat 22, a spiral pushing component and a filling isolation vertical plate 28; the sliding seat 22 is installed on the base 8 in a sliding fit manner through a sliding guide mechanism 23 arranged along the front-rear direction, the sliding seat 22 is connected with a filling counter-force seat 9 fixedly arranged on the base 8 through a sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12, and the sliding guide mechanism 23 can be of a guide groove structure matched with the sliding seat 22 or of other linear reciprocating guide structures such as a guide sliding rail structure matched with the sliding seat 22; the spiral pushing assembly comprises a spiral pushing power component 13, a spiral conveying main shaft and a spiral pushing sleeve 14, the spiral conveying main shaft comprising spiral pushing blades 16 extending along the radial direction is in transmission connection with the spiral pushing power component 13, the spiral pushing sleeve 14 matched with the spiral pushing blades 16 is sleeved outside the spiral conveying main shaft, the spiral pushing sleeve 14 is of a structure with a sealed front end and an open rear end, the spiral pushing sleeve 14 is fixedly connected with a sliding seat 22, a filling feed port 15 penetrating through the inner cavity of the spiral pushing sleeve 14 is further arranged on the spiral pushing sleeve 14, the spiral pushing power component 13 can be a driving motor or a driving hydraulic motor, preferably, the driving hydraulic motor can be used for realizing the rotation of the spiral conveying main shaft along the central axis and further realizing the material conveying to the rear direction by controlling the action of the spiral pushing power component 13; as shown in fig. 2, a filling opening correspondingly matched with the spiral pushing sleeve 14 is formed in the filling isolation vertical plate 28 which is vertically arranged, the filling isolation vertical plate 28 is fixedly and hermetically connected with the rear end of the spiral pushing sleeve 14, the height and width dimensions of the filling isolation vertical plate 28 are respectively matched with the supporting height and width dimensions of the frame body part, a closed air bag 29 with an integral structure is fixedly arranged at the outline edge position of the filling isolation vertical plate 28, the closed air bag 29 comprises a filling and air discharging mechanism, and the sliding seat 22 can drive the spiral pushing assembly and the filling isolation vertical plate 28 to integrally move along the front-back direction by controlling the telescopic action of the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12;
the cementing slurry application device comprises a cementing slurry conveying pipeline 17 and a filling area grouting pipe 18; the filling area grouting pipe 18 is a flower pipe structure comprising a plurality of through holes communicated with the inner cavity of the filling area grouting pipe, the filling area grouting pipe 18 which is extended backward is fixedly arranged on the filling isolation vertical plate 28, and the filling area grouting pipe 18 is positioned at the top of the filling isolation vertical plate 28; the input end of the cementing slurry conveying pipeline 17 is connected with a cementing slurry pumping mechanism, the output end of the cementing slurry conveying pipeline 17 is connected with a filling area grouting pipe 18 in a sealing installation mode, the cementing slurry conveying pipeline 17 can be hung on a top beam for conveniently arranging the cementing slurry conveying pipeline 17, the cementing slurry conveying pipeline 17 is connected with the filling area grouting pipe 18 in a mounting mode, and the front end of the filling area grouting pipe 18 can be connected in a penetrating mode and fixedly installed on a filling isolation vertical plate 28 in a sealing mode.
The solid filling aggregate conveying part comprises a feeding conveying device 25 which is obliquely arranged, the feeding conveying device 25 comprises a feeding hole 26 at the low end and a discharging hole 27 at the high end, the discharging hole 27 is arranged corresponding to the filling feeding hole 15, the feeding conveying device 25 can be of a spiral conveying structure, a scraping plate conveying structure or a belt conveying structure, the feeding conveying device 25 can be hung on a top beam, and the feeding posture control device 11 capable of controlling the pitching and swinging angles of the feeding conveying device 25 can be arranged on the filling counter-force seat 9 as shown in fig. 1.
The filling feedback part comprises an optical fiber stress sensor for sensing the filling pressure of the filling area and a liquid level sensor 31 for sensing the application amount of the cementing slurry, wherein the optical fiber stress sensor is wound on an optical fiber paying-off roller 30 positioned on the base 8, and the liquid level sensor 31 is arranged on the filling isolation vertical plate 28 as shown in fig. 2.
When filling and mining are carried out by using a filling hydraulic support, the method specifically comprises the following steps of:
filling preparation: in the initial positioning and supporting state of the filling hydraulic support, as shown in fig. 3, the upright posts are lifted to prop the top beam against the top plate, the closed air bags 29 are in an uninflated and shrunken state, at the moment, a moving gap is reserved between the filling isolation vertical plate 28 and surrounding rock, the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12 is controlled to retract, the sliding seat 22 drives the spiral pushing component and the filling isolation vertical plate 28 to integrally move to a set position, the front end face of the filling isolation vertical plate 28 can be in butt joint with the rear end of the top beam, then the optical fiber stress sensor is discharged from the optical fiber paying-off roller 30, and the end part of the optical fiber stress sensor is pulled out backward and penetrates through the gap between the filling isolation vertical plate 28 and the bottom plate to be fixed on the bottom plate of a filling area;
filling operation of solid filling aggregate: as shown in fig. 4, the high-pressure gas is filled into the closed air bag 29 through the air charging and discharging mechanism, the closed air bag 29 is inflated to realize a closed isolation filling area, then the feeding conveying device 25 is started to convey solid filling aggregate into the spiral pushing sleeve 14 through the filling feed inlet 15, meanwhile, the spiral pushing power component 13 is started to enable the spiral conveying main shaft to positively rotate to carry out material conveying to the rear, and the solid filling aggregate is pushed into the filling area through the filling opening of the filling isolation vertical plate 28 under the continuous spiral pushing action of the spiral pushing blade 16 and gradually extruded and compacted; the optical fiber stress sensor feeds back the vertical pressure of the filling area in real time, when the vertical pressure of the filling area generated by extrusion of the solid filling aggregate particles reaches a set threshold value, the feeding conveying device 25 and the spiral pushing power component 13 are controlled to be closed, the filling operation of the solid filling aggregate is completed, and the filling feed inlet 15 can be closed at the moment;
cementing slurry application: as shown in fig. 5, the slip control hydraulic cylinder 12 is controlled to extend, the hydraulic pressure value reaches a set value and is maintained, the filling isolation vertical plate 28 is used for jacking up the solid filling aggregate filling body in the filling area, the filling body can form a high-strength framework supporting structure capable of resisting initial deformation of surrounding rock due to mining, then a cementing slurry pumping mechanism is started to pump cementing slurry into the filling area grouting pipe 18 through the cementing slurry conveying pipeline 17, the liquid level sensor 31 feeds back the injection liquid level of the cementing slurry in real time, when the liquid level sensor 31 feeds back the full filling area, the cementing slurry pumping mechanism is controlled to be closed, the cementing slurry application operation is completed, the cementing slurry can fill gaps among solid filling aggregate particles and bond the solid filling aggregate particles together, and the long-term deformation of the earth surface can be effectively limited;
and (3) frame moving operation: after the slip control hydraulic cylinder 12 is controlled to a set time, the cementing slurry does not flow any more to cause cementing and shaping of the solid filling aggregate filling body, firstly, the upright post is controlled to descend, the top beam is separated from the top plate, and then the slip control hydraulic cylinder 12 is controlled to extend completely, as shown in fig. 6, the base 8 drives the whole frame body part to move forwards by one step distance under the pushing action of the slip control hydraulic cylinder 12, and the optical fiber paying-off roller 30 pays out the optical fiber stress sensor while the whole frame body part moves forwards to realize automatic laying of the optical fiber stress sensor; after the forward movement is completed by one step distance, the upright post is controlled to lift to position and support the top plate against which the top beam is propped, then the air charging and discharging mechanism is controlled to discharge air from the closed air bag 29, the sliding seat 22 is controlled to retract and reset the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12, the spiral pushing component and the filling isolation vertical plate 28 are driven to integrally move forward to a set position for resetting, the filling isolation vertical plate 28 is separated from the filling body, a new filling area is formed between the filling isolation vertical plate 28 and the filling body as shown in fig. 1, and the frame moving operation is completed;
by such pushing, the filling operation of the solid filling aggregate, the application operation of the cementing slurry and the frame moving operation are repeated. After each frame moving operation, even if the position of the grouting pipe 18 corresponding to the filling opening and the filling area of the filling isolation vertical plate 28 on the filling body is partially damaged due to the forward movement of the filling isolation vertical plate 28, the partial damaged position of the filling body formed by the previous filling operation can be filled and repaired when the new filling space is filled subsequently, so that a continuous, stable and high-strength integral filling body is formed.
After the cementing slurry application operation is completed, in order to avoid the solidification phenomenon of the cementing slurry in the cementing slurry conveying pipeline 17 and the filling area grouting pipe 18 from influencing the subsequent cementing slurry application operation, as a further improvement scheme of the invention, the input end of the cementing slurry conveying pipeline 17 is connected with a cementing slurry pumping mechanism through a three-way control joint, and the other passage of the three-way control joint is connected with a water injection mechanism. After the cementing slurry application operation is completed, the tee control joint can be controlled to enable the water injection mechanism to be communicated with the cementing slurry conveying pipeline 17, and clean water is injected into the grouting pipe 18 of the filling area through the cementing slurry conveying pipeline 17 for pipeline flushing. In order to facilitate the discharge of the washing water of the washing pipeline, a water outlet 21 which can be opened and closed is arranged at the bottom of the filling isolation vertical plate 28, a permeable and impermeable selective permeable membrane is arranged on the water outlet 21, the water outlet 21 is closed when cementing slurry is applied, the water outlet 21 is opened when the pipeline is washed, and the washing water of the washing pipeline can be discharged through the water outlet 21 and filtered and then discharged into a roadway drainage ditch.
In order to facilitate the exhaust during the cementing slurry application operation, as a further improvement of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, an openable and closable exhaust port 19 may be provided at the top of the filling isolation vertical plate 28, and a permeable and impermeable selectively permeable membrane may be provided on the exhaust port 19, so that the exhaust port 19 is opened during the cementing slurry application operation and the flushing of the pipeline, and the exhaust port 19 is closed when the liquid level sensor 31 feeds back full.
As an embodiment of the screw spindle of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the length dimension of the screw spindle in the front-rear direction is larger than the length dimension of the screw pushing sleeve 14 in the front-rear direction, i.e., the rear end of the screw spindle protrudes outside the screw pushing sleeve 14. When the frame moving operation controls the filling isolation vertical plate 28 to move forward, the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12 is controlled to retract, and the spiral pushing power component 13 is controlled to enable the spiral conveying main shaft to rotate reversely, so that the rear end of the spiral conveying main shaft can reversely unscrew and withdraw the glued filling body, and the degree of local damage of the filling body caused by the forward movement of the filling isolation vertical plate 28 can be reduced to the greatest extent.
As another embodiment of the screw spindle of the present invention, the length dimension of the screw spindle in the front-rear direction is matched with the length dimension of the screw pushing sleeve 14 in the front-rear direction, i.e., the screw spindle is entirely located within the screw pushing sleeve 14. When the frame moving operation controls the filling isolation vertical plate 28 to move forward, the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12 can be directly controlled to fully retract without controlling the spiral pushing power component 13 to reversely rotate the spiral conveying main shaft, or the spiral pushing power component 13 is controlled to reversely rotate the spiral conveying main shaft to separate from the cemented filling body while controlling the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12 to retract; the screw pushing power component 13 can be controlled to rotate the screw conveying main shaft forward while the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12 is controlled to retract, so that the solid filling aggregate in the screw pushing sleeve 14 can be pushed backwards to squeeze the cemented filling body, and further, the auxiliary pushing force for moving the frame can be provided.
In order to increase the packing compactness of the solid packing aggregate and facilitate the application of the cementing slurry, as a further improvement of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a vibrating rod 20 including a vibration driving mechanism is further fixedly provided on the packing isolation vertical plate 28, and the vibrating rod 20 is extended backward, and the vibrating rod 20 may be provided in a plurality of pieces. In the process of filling the solid filling aggregate, the tamping can be performed by controlling the vibrating rod 20 to generate excitation, and in the process of applying the cementing slurry, the cementing slurry can be promoted to downwards diffuse and fill gaps among the solid filling aggregate particles by controlling the vibrating rod 20 to generate excitation.
In order to realize the stability of the whole spiral pushing assembly and the whole filling isolation vertical plate 28 moving along the front-back direction and avoid unbalanced load, as shown in fig. 1, as a further improvement scheme of the invention, a synchronous pushing hydraulic cylinder 10 consistent with the extending and retracting direction of the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12 is also arranged on the filling counter-force seat 9, and the extending and retracting end of the synchronous pushing hydraulic cylinder 10 is connected with the spiral pushing sleeve 14 or the spiral pushing power component 13, and the synchronous pushing hydraulic cylinder 10 can be arranged into a plurality of parts with respect to the geometric symmetry of the spiral pushing sleeve 14. The expansion and contraction actions of the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12 are controlled, and simultaneously, the expansion and contraction of the synchronous pushing hydraulic cylinder 10 is synchronously controlled, so that the stability of the whole spiral pushing component and the filling isolation vertical plate 28 moving along the front and back direction can be realized, and unbalanced load is avoided.
In order to facilitate the laying of the optical fiber stress sensor and avoid the damage of the optical fiber stress sensor in the laying process to the maximum extent, as a further improvement scheme of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, a post-frame slitting device 24 is arranged at the rear end of the base 8 corresponding to the position below the optical fiber paying-off roller 30, the post-frame slitting device 24 comprises a plowshare which is bent forward and downward to form a hook shape, the plowshare is hooked into a bottom plate, and an optical fiber stress sensor traction guide structure is arranged on the plowshare, and the optical fiber stress sensor passes through the optical fiber stress sensor traction guide structure. When the frame is moved, the base 8 moves forwards by one step distance, the rear frame slitting device 24 can slit a groove on the bottom plate through the plow head, and the optical fiber stress sensor is paved in the groove through the traction guiding structure of the optical fiber stress sensor.
According to the method for controlling the high-compactness filling mining rock stratum in a long-acting manner under the important facilities, the goaf is subjected to composite filling operation through the spiral pushing device of the filling hydraulic support and the cementing slurry applying device, the filling body in the goaf can be continuously extruded to construct a high-strength framework supporting structure, so that goaf filling with high compactness is realized on the premise that initial deformation of the filling body is controlled, and the stable high-strength filling body capable of effectively limiting long-term deformation of the earth surface can be obtained.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a high compactness fills mining stratum long-term control method under important facility, the hydraulic support that fills that uses includes support body part, and support body part includes back timber, stand, link mechanism (7) and base (8), and the back timber passes through stand and link mechanism (7) and is connected with base (8) installation; the filling hydraulic support is characterized by further comprising a solid filling aggregate conveying part, a composite filling part and a filling feedback part;
the composite filling part comprises a spiral pushing device and a cementing slurry applying device;
the spiral pushing device is arranged on the base (8) and comprises a sliding seat (22), a spiral pushing component and a filling isolation vertical plate (28); the sliding seat (22) is arranged on the base (8) in a sliding fit manner through a sliding guide mechanism (23) arranged along the front-back direction, and the sliding seat (22) is connected with a filling counter-force seat (9) fixedly arranged on the base (8) through a sliding control hydraulic cylinder (12); the spiral pushing assembly comprises a spiral pushing power component (13), a spiral conveying main shaft and a spiral pushing sleeve (14), wherein the spiral conveying main shaft comprising spiral pushing blades (16) extending out along the radial direction is in transmission connection with the spiral pushing power component (13), the spiral pushing sleeve (14) matched with the spiral pushing blades (16) is sleeved outside the spiral conveying main shaft, the spiral pushing sleeve (14) with a sealed front end and an open rear end is fixedly connected with the sliding seat (22), and a filling feed port (15) communicated with the inner cavity of the spiral pushing sleeve (14) is further arranged on the spiral pushing sleeve (14); the vertical filling isolation vertical plate (28) is provided with a filling port which is correspondingly matched with the spiral pushing sleeve (14), the filling isolation vertical plate (28) is fixedly connected with the rear end of the spiral pushing sleeve (14) in a sealing manner, the height and the width of the filling isolation vertical plate (28) are respectively matched with the supporting height and the width of the frame body part, and the outline edge position of the filling isolation vertical plate (28) is fixedly provided with a closed air bag (29) comprising a filling and deflating mechanism;
the cementing slurry applying device comprises a cementing slurry conveying pipeline (17) and a filling area grouting pipe (18); the filling area grouting pipe (18) is of a flower pipe structure, and the filling area grouting pipe (18) which is arranged in a protruding mode to the rear is fixedly arranged on the filling isolation vertical plate (28); the input end of the cementing slurry conveying pipeline (17) is connected with a cementing slurry pumping mechanism, and the output end of the cementing slurry conveying pipeline (17) is connected with a filling area grouting pipe (18) in a sealing installation manner;
the solid filling aggregate conveying part comprises a feeding conveying device (25) which is obliquely arranged, the feeding conveying device (25) comprises a feeding hole (26) at the low end and a discharging hole (27) at the high end, and the discharging hole (27) is arranged corresponding to the filling feeding hole (15);
the filling feedback part comprises an optical fiber stress sensor for sensing filling pressure of a filling area and a liquid level sensor (31) for sensing application amount of cementing slurry, the optical fiber stress sensor is wound on an optical fiber paying-off roller (30) positioned on the base (8), and the liquid level sensor (31) is arranged on the filling isolation vertical plate (28);
the method for controlling the high-compactness filling and mining rock stratum in a long-acting manner under important facilities specifically comprises the following steps:
a. filling preparation: the filling hydraulic support is in a positioning supporting state on a top plate against which a top beam is propped, the sealing air bag (29) is in an uninflated state, the sliding control hydraulic cylinder (12) is controlled to retract, the sliding seat (22) drives the spiral pushing and pressing component and the filling isolation vertical plate (28) to integrally move forward to a set position, then the optical fiber stress sensor is discharged from the optical fiber paying-off roller (30), and the end part of the optical fiber stress sensor is pulled out backward and passes through a gap between the filling isolation vertical plate (28) and the bottom plate and then is fixed on the bottom plate of a filling area;
b. filling operation of solid filling aggregate: filling high-pressure gas into the closed air bag (29) through the gas filling and discharging mechanism, expanding the closed air bag (29) to hermetically isolate a filling area, then starting the feeding conveying device (25) to convey solid filling aggregate into the spiral pushing sleeve (14) through the filling feeding hole (15), simultaneously starting the spiral pushing power component (13) to enable the spiral conveying main shaft to continuously rotate forwards, conveying the solid filling aggregate in the spiral pushing sleeve (14) backwards and pushing the solid filling aggregate into the filling area through a filling hole of the filling isolation vertical plate (28); when the vertical pressure of the feedback filling area of the optical fiber stress sensor reaches a set threshold value, the feeding conveying device (25) and the spiral pushing power component (13) are controlled to be closed;
c. cementing slurry application: controlling the slip control hydraulic cylinder (12) to extend, enabling the hydraulic pressure value to reach a set value and maintaining the pressure, then starting the cementing slurry pumping mechanism to pump cementing slurry into the grouting pipe (18) of the filling area through the cementing slurry conveying pipeline (17), and controlling to close the cementing slurry pumping mechanism after the liquid level sensor (31) feeds back that the filling area is full;
d. and (3) frame moving operation: after the slip control hydraulic cylinder (12) is controlled to maintain pressure for a set time, firstly, the upright post is controlled to descend, the top beam is separated from the top plate, then the slip control hydraulic cylinder (12) is controlled to extend completely, the base (8) drives the frame body part to move forwards for one step distance integrally, and meanwhile, the optical fiber paying-off roller (30) pays out an optical fiber stress sensor to lay; after the upright post is controlled to lift to position and support the top plate against which the top beam is propped, firstly controlling the air charging and discharging mechanism to enable the closed air bag (29) to be discharged, and then controlling the sliding control hydraulic cylinder (12) to retract and reset, so that the sliding seat (22) drives the spiral pushing and pressing assembly and the filling isolation vertical plate (28) to integrally move forwards for resetting;
repeating the steps b, c and d for continuous step filling.
2. The method for controlling the long-term operation of a high-compactness filling and mining rock stratum under an important facility according to claim 1, wherein the length dimension of the spiral conveying main shaft in the front-rear direction is larger than the length dimension of the spiral pushing sleeve (14) in the front-rear direction;
and d, controlling the sliding control hydraulic cylinder (12) to retract and reset, and controlling the spiral pushing power component (13) to reversely rotate the spiral conveying main shaft.
3. The method for controlling the long-term operation of a high-compactness filling and mining rock stratum under an important facility according to claim 1, wherein the length dimension of the spiral conveying main shaft along the front-rear direction is matched with the length dimension of the spiral pushing sleeve (14) along the front-rear direction;
and d, controlling the sliding control hydraulic cylinder (12) to retract and reset, and simultaneously controlling the spiral pushing power component (13) to enable the spiral conveying main shaft to rotate reversely or positively.
4. A method for controlling the long-term operation of a high-compactness filling and mining rock stratum under an important facility according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a vibrating rod (20) comprising a vibration driving mechanism is fixedly arranged on the filling and isolating vertical plate (28), and the vibrating rod (20) is extended backward;
b, starting a spiral pushing power component (13) to enable the spiral conveying main shaft to continuously rotate in the forward direction, and starting a vibration driving mechanism of the vibrating rod (20); and c, starting a cementing slurry pumping mechanism to pump cementing slurry into the grouting pipe (18) of the filling area, and starting a vibration driving mechanism of the vibrating rod (20).
5. A method for the long-term control of high-compactness filling and mining rock formations under important facilities according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the input end of the cementing slurry conveying pipeline (17) is connected with the cementing slurry pumping mechanism through a tee joint control joint, and the other passage of the tee joint control joint is connected with the water injection mechanism;
and c, after the cementing slurry pumping mechanism is controlled to be closed, controlling the tee joint control joint to enable the water injection mechanism to be communicated with the cementing slurry conveying pipeline (17), and injecting clean water into the grouting pipe (18) of the filling area through the cementing slurry conveying pipeline (17) for pipeline flushing.
6. The method for controlling the high-compactness filling and mining rock stratum long-acting under important facilities according to claim 5, wherein the bottom of the filling and isolating vertical plate (28) is provided with a water outlet (21) which can be opened and closed, and the water outlet (21) is provided with a permeable and impermeable selectively permeable membrane;
when clean water is injected into the grouting pipe (18) of the filling area to wash the pipeline, the water outlet (21) is opened, the cleaning water discharged through the water outlet (21) is filtered and then discharged into a roadway drainage ditch, the water injection mechanism is closed after the pipeline is washed, and the water outlet (21) is closed after the cleaning water is discharged.
7. A method for controlling the long-term use of a high-compactness filling mining rock stratum under an important facility according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a synchronous pushing hydraulic cylinder (10) which is consistent with the extending and contracting direction of a sliding control hydraulic cylinder (12) is further arranged on a filling counter-force seat (9), and the extending and contracting end of the synchronous pushing hydraulic cylinder (10) is connected with a spiral pushing sleeve (14) or a spiral pushing power component (13) in a mounting way;
and c, controlling the sliding control hydraulic cylinder (12) to stretch and retract in the step d, and simultaneously controlling the synchronous pushing hydraulic cylinder (10) to synchronously stretch and retract.
8. A method for the long-term control of high-compactness filling and mining rock formations under important facilities according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the top of the filling and isolating vertical plate (28) is provided with an openable and closable exhaust port (19);
and c, starting a cementing slurry pumping mechanism to pump cementing slurry into the filling area grouting pipe (18), opening the air outlet (19), and closing the air outlet (19) after the filling area is fully filled by the feedback of the liquid level sensor (31).
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| CN202311224290.3A CN117432464A (en) | 2023-09-21 | 2023-09-21 | Long-acting control method for high-compactness filling mining rock stratum under important facilities |
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| CN202311224290.3A CN117432464A (en) | 2023-09-21 | 2023-09-21 | Long-acting control method for high-compactness filling mining rock stratum under important facilities |
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| AU1993183A (en) * | 1982-10-15 | 1984-04-19 | Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Gmbh | Mine roof support |
| CN102251790A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2011-11-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Mining and filling integrated hydraulic support enabling double top beams to be coaxially hinged with four connecting rods |
| CN103233777A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-08-07 | 上海大屯能源股份有限公司 | Safe mine pressure monitoring method and device for roof |
| CN109751078A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-05-14 | 中煤能源研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of coal working face end trigonum device for filling and method |
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2023
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU1993183A (en) * | 1982-10-15 | 1984-04-19 | Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Gmbh | Mine roof support |
| CN102251790A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2011-11-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Mining and filling integrated hydraulic support enabling double top beams to be coaxially hinged with four connecting rods |
| CN103233777A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-08-07 | 上海大屯能源股份有限公司 | Safe mine pressure monitoring method and device for roof |
| CN109751078A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-05-14 | 中煤能源研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of coal working face end trigonum device for filling and method |
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