CN117431449A - Precipitation phase reinforced multi-principal element alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Precipitation phase reinforced multi-principal element alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117431449A CN117431449A CN202311406518.0A CN202311406518A CN117431449A CN 117431449 A CN117431449 A CN 117431449A CN 202311406518 A CN202311406518 A CN 202311406518A CN 117431449 A CN117431449 A CN 117431449A
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- 229910001325 element alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 claims description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/005—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals from non-ferrous metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/20—Arc remelting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-principal element alloy with precipitation strengthening phase and a preparation method thereof. The precipitation-phase-strengthened multi-principal element alloy has high strength, high hardness and excellent plasticity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of advanced metal preparation, in particular to a precipitation phase reinforced multi-principal element alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The traditional alloy mainly takes one to two metal elements as principal components, and optimizes the performance of the alloy by regulating and controlling microelements. In recent years, multi-principal element alloys generally contain three or more elements, each of which is principal element, and have been attracting attention due to their excellent mechanical properties. Due to serious lattice distortion effect and cocktail effect, the multi-principal element alloy with principal elements being refractory elements can show excellent strength and high-temperature performance, and has good engineering application prospect.
With the development of new generation technology in China, the requirements of high-end equipment on material performance are further improved. Under the condition that the traditional nickel-based superalloy can not meet the requirement of the aerospace field on high-temperature resistant materials, the multi-principal-element alloy with excellent research and development performance and novel principal elements being refractory elements has important significance for industry development. At present, the mechanical properties of multi-principal element alloys have a trade-off effect, namely, the alloys are difficult to obtain higher strength and excellent plasticity at the same time. Therefore, the design and preparation of multi-principal element alloys with high strength, high hardness and excellent plasticity remain very challenging.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a precipitation phase reinforced multi-principal element alloy and a preparation method thereof, and aims to ensure that the obtained multi-principal element alloy has high strength, high hardness and better plasticity.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purpose:
a precipitation phase reinforced multi-principal element alloy is characterized in that: the multi-principal element alloy is composed of at least three elements of tungsten, chromium, vanadium and iron, has a tungsten-rich BCC structure (system cube structure) precipitation strengthening phase, and exhibits high strength (yield strength)>1200 MPa), high hardness (Vickers hardness)>700kgf/mm 2 ) Excellent in plasticity (fracture plasticity>25％)。
Preferably, a multi-principal component alloy system with enhanced precipitation phases is FeVCrW, so as to obtain a dendrite structure with element segregation, and enable the alloy to have excellent plasticity.
Further, in order to obtain a precipitation-strengthened phase, the invention utilizes an in-situ generation method to increase the content of dendrites or elements enriched among dendrites so as to obtain the precipitation-strengthened phase.
Preferably, the element regulated and controlled by the invention is W element, and other principal elements have element contents with equal atomic ratio so as to obtain a precipitation strengthening phase of a hard tungsten-rich BCC structure, so that the alloy has high strength and high hardness. The atomic ratio of tungsten element is 15at.% to 20at.%.
The preparation method of the precipitation phase reinforced multi-principal element alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1, taking tungsten, chromium, vanadium and iron with the purity of 99.9wt.% as metal raw materials, removing an oxide layer on the surface of the metal, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and drying, weighing according to a proportion, and accurately obtaining the mass of +/-0.001 g;
step 2, placing the prepared metal raw materials into a crucible of vacuum arc melting equipment according to the sequence of low-melting point elements below and high-melting point elements above, vacuumizing the equipment, and then filling argon as shielding gas;
step 3, smelting a titanium ingot for 2 minutes before smelting the alloy ingot to consume residual oxygen in the furnace; then, the smelting gun is moved to an alloy ingot crucible to smelt the alloy ingot, and the current is 240-300A. After each smelting, the alloy ingot is turned over and depends on the inner wall of the crucible, and the next smelting is performed to slowly smelt from the top of the alloy ingot, so that alloy liquid flows to the bottom of the crucible, and the alloy smelting uniformity is ensured. Finally obtaining FeVCrW multi-principal element alloy ingots.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the multi-principal component alloy with the tungsten-rich BCC structure precipitation phase strengthening provided by the invention has high strength, high hardness and good plasticity, and has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, such as: the multi-principal alloy (FeVCr) 85W15 exhibited a yield strength of 1375MPa, a fracture strength of 3682MPa, a fracture plasticity of 39.1% and a fracture plasticity of 701kgf/mm 2 Is a hardness of (c). The multi-principal alloy (FeVCr) 80W20 exhibited a yield strength of 1580MPa, a breaking strength of 3345MPa, a breaking plasticity of 28.4%, and 829kgf/mm 2 Is a hardness of (c).
2. The multi-principal element alloy system not only has excellent mechanical properties, but also has larger application prospect in the fields of aerospace, nuclear energy and the like based on the high melting point and low activation property of principal elements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the room temperature compressive stress strain curve of the (FeVCr) 85W15 multi-principal element alloy obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the XRD pattern of the (FeVCr) 85W15 multi-principal element alloy obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the room temperature compressive stress strain curve of the (FeVCr) 80W20 multi-principal element alloy obtained in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows the XRD pattern of the (FeVCr) 80W20 multi-principal element alloy obtained in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. The following is merely illustrative and explanatory of the principles of the invention, as it would be apparent to those skilled in this art that various modifications or additions may be made to the specific embodiments described or in a similar manner without departing from the principles of the invention or beyond the scope of the claims.
Example 1
The precipitation phase strengthening multi-principal element alloy has a specific chemical composition of (FeVCr) 85W15, wherein the element content of tungsten is 15 at%, the element contents of chromium, vanadium and iron are 28.33 at%, and the precipitation phase strengthening multi-principal element alloy has a dendrite structure, and a tungsten-rich BCC structure strengthening phase is precipitated in dendrites. The chemical composition of dendrites, inter-dendrites and precipitated phases is shown in table 1:
table 1 (FeVCr) chemical composition of each phase in 85W15
The specific preparation steps of the (FeVCr) 85W15 multi-principal element alloy are as follows:
and step 1, taking tungsten, chromium, vanadium and iron with the purity of 99.9wt.% as metal raw materials, removing a surface oxide layer, ultrasonically cleaning, drying, weighing according to a proportion, and accurately obtaining the mass of +/-0.001 g.
And 2, placing the prepared metal raw material into a crucible of vacuum arc melting equipment according to the sequence of low-melting point elements and high-melting point elements, vacuumizing the equipment, and then filling argon as shielding gas.
And 3, smelting the titanium ingot for 2 minutes before smelting the alloy ingot to consume residual oxygen in the furnace. Then, the melting gun was moved to an alloy ingot crucible to melt an alloy ingot with a current of 260A. After each smelting, the alloy ingot is turned over and depends on the inner wall of the crucible, and the next smelting is performed to slowly smelt from the top of the alloy ingot, so that alloy liquid flows to the bottom of the crucible, and the alloy smelting uniformity is ensured. Finally obtaining (FeVCr) 85W15 multi-main alloy ingot.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the room temperature compressive stress strain curve of the (FeVCr) 85W15 multi-principal component alloy obtained in this example. The test shows that the yield strength of (FeVCr) 85W15 obtained in the example is 1375MPa, the breaking strength is 3682MPa and the plastic deformation is 39.1%. The multi-principal element alloy has higher strength and plasticity and higher Vickers hardness of 701kgf/mm 2 。
FIG. 2 shows the XRD pattern of the (FeVCr) 85W15 multi-principal component alloy obtained in this example, showing that the alloy has a precipitated phase.
Example 2
The precipitation phase strengthening multi-principal element alloy has a specific chemical composition of (FeVCr) 80W20, wherein the element content of tungsten is 20at%, the element contents of chromium, vanadium and iron are 26.67 at%, and the alloy has a dendrite structure, and a tungsten-rich BCC structure strengthening phase is precipitated in dendrites. The chemical composition of dendrites, inter-dendrites and precipitated phases is shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 chemical composition of phases in (FeVCr) 80W20
The specific preparation steps of the (FeVCr) 80W20 multi-principal-element alloy are as follows:
and step 1, taking tungsten, chromium, vanadium and iron with the purity of 99.9wt.% as metal raw materials, removing a surface oxide layer, ultrasonically cleaning, drying, weighing according to a proportion, and accurately obtaining the mass of +/-0.001 g.
And 2, placing the prepared metal raw material into a crucible of vacuum arc melting equipment according to the sequence of low-melting point elements and high-melting point elements, vacuumizing the equipment, and then filling argon as shielding gas.
And 3, smelting the titanium ingot for 2 minutes before smelting the alloy ingot to consume residual oxygen in the furnace. Then, the melting gun was moved to an alloy ingot crucible to melt an alloy ingot with a current of 280A. After each smelting, the alloy ingot is turned over and depends on the inner wall of the crucible, and the next smelting is performed to slowly smelt from the top of the alloy ingot, so that alloy liquid flows to the bottom of the crucible, and the alloy smelting uniformity is ensured. Finally obtaining (FeVCr) 80W20 multi-principal-element alloy ingot.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the room temperature compressive stress strain curve of the (FeVCr) 80W20 multi-principal component alloy obtained in this example. The test shows that the yield strength of the (FeVCr) 80W20 obtained in the example is 1580MPa, the breaking strength is 3345MPa and the plastic deformation is 28.4%. The multi-principal element alloy has higher strength and plasticity and higher Vickers hardness of 829kgf/mm 2 。
FIG. 4 shows the XRD pattern of the (FeVCr) 80W20 multi-principal element alloy obtained in this example, showing that the alloy has a precipitated phase.
Table 3 shows the mechanical properties of the multi-principal component alloys obtained in examples 1 and 2 of the present invention in comparison.
TABLE 3 mechanical Properties of (FeVCr) 85W15 and (FeVCr) 80W20
As can be seen from the strength of the precipitated phase peak in fig. 4, in comparative example 1, the multi-principal component alloy of example 2 has more volume of precipitated phase, has obviously improved yield strength and hardness, still maintains considerable plasticity and has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties.
The foregoing is illustrative only and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and modifications falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A precipitation phase strengthened multi-principal element alloy, characterized by: the multi-principal element alloy is composed of at least three elements of tungsten, chromium, vanadium and iron.
2. The precipitation-strengthened multi-principal alloy of claim 1, wherein: the multi-principal element alloy has a tungsten-rich BCC structure precipitation strengthening phase.
3. The precipitation-strengthened multi-principal alloy of claim 1, wherein: yield strength of the multi-principal element alloy>1200MPa, vickers hardness>700kgf/mm 2 Fracture plasticity>25％。
4. A precipitation-strengthened multi-principal alloy according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the multi-principal element alloy is composed of four elements of tungsten, chromium, vanadium and iron.
5. The precipitation-strengthened multi-principal alloy of claim 4, wherein: the atomic ratio of chromium, vanadium and iron elements in the multi-principal element alloy is equal, and the atomic ratio of tungsten element is 15at.% to 20at.%.
6. A method of producing a multi-principal element alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
step 1, taking tungsten, chromium, vanadium and iron as metal raw materials, removing an oxide layer on the surface of the metal, ultrasonically cleaning, drying, and weighing according to a proportion;
step 2, placing the prepared metal raw materials into a crucible of vacuum arc melting equipment according to the sequence of low-melting point elements below and high-melting point elements above, vacuumizing the equipment, and then filling argon as shielding gas;
step 3, smelting a titanium ingot for 2 minutes before smelting the alloy ingot to consume residual oxygen in the furnace; then, the smelting gun is moved to an alloy ingot crucible to smelt an alloy ingot, and the current is 240-300A; after each smelting, the alloy ingot is turned over and depends on the inner wall of the crucible, the next smelting is to smelt from the top of the alloy ingot, the alloy liquid flows to the bottom of the crucible, the alloy smelting uniformity is ensured, and finally the FeVCrW multi-main-element alloy ingot is obtained.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311406518.0A CN117431449A (en) | 2023-10-27 | 2023-10-27 | Precipitation phase reinforced multi-principal element alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202311406518.0A CN117431449A (en) | 2023-10-27 | 2023-10-27 | Precipitation phase reinforced multi-principal element alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202311406518.0A Pending CN117431449A (en) | 2023-10-27 | 2023-10-27 | Precipitation phase reinforced multi-principal element alloy and preparation method thereof |
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- 2023-10-27 CN CN202311406518.0A patent/CN117431449A/en active Pending
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