CN115216677B - High-entropy alloy material with second phases uniformly distributed and reinforced and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-entropy alloy material with second phases uniformly distributed and reinforced and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN115216677B
CN115216677B CN202210804052.9A CN202210804052A CN115216677B CN 115216677 B CN115216677 B CN 115216677B CN 202210804052 A CN202210804052 A CN 202210804052A CN 115216677 B CN115216677 B CN 115216677B
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马兆龙
谷娣
程兴旺
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
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Abstract

The invention relates to a high-entropy alloy material with uniformly distributed and reinforced second phases and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a TiZrHfCu-series high-entropy alloy material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of high-entropy alloys. In order to solve the problem that the second phase distribution of the second phase strengthening type high-entropy alloy is concentrated at the grain boundary, so that the alloy performance is embrittled, the TiZrHfCu series high-entropy alloy is prepared by a vacuum arc melting method, and is organized into a close-packed Hexagonal (HCP) structure and a body-centered tetragonal (BCT) two-phase structure. The nanoscale fine second phase particles of the BCT structure are uniformly and dispersedly distributed on the HCP matrix, so that the embrittlement problem of grain boundary precipitation is avoided, the nanoscale second phase has higher hardness, the uniform distribution of the nanoscale second phase can fully exert the dispersion strengthening effect, the alloy strength is improved, and meanwhile, the better plasticity is kept. As the atomic percentage of Cu is increased from 1% to 3%, the room temperature fracture strength of the TiZrHfCu-based high-entropy alloy is increased from 912MPa to 1036MPa, and the fracture elongation of more than 8% is maintained, so that the high-entropy alloy has better strong plastic matching.

Description

High-entropy alloy material with second phases uniformly distributed and reinforced and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-entropy alloy material with uniformly distributed and reinforced second phases and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a TiZrHfCu-series high-entropy alloy material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of high-entropy alloys.
Background
In recent years, the proposal of the high-entropy alloy breaks through the limited design method of the traditional alloy with a small amount of other elements added in principal components, and the characteristics of any element proportion of the high-entropy alloy endows the alloy with wide component space and application space, thereby providing infinite possibility for exploring novel materials with excellent performance. Due to the effect of multiple principal elements, high-entropy alloys tend to have a single solid solution structure, and the single-phase structure is difficult to coordinate strength and plasticity, such as good plasticity of FCC solid solution, but lower in strength; BCC solid solution has higher strength but poorer plasticity. In order to solve the problem that single-phase solid solutions cannot achieve both strength and plasticity, researchers aim to coordinate the strength and plasticity of alloys by introducing multiphase structures, particularly such structures that matrix phases and strengthening phases are combined, so as to obtain better comprehensive mechanical properties.
At present, the mode of obtaining the strengthening phase in the high-entropy alloy structure mainly comprises rolling and heating treatment to promote the precipitation of the second phase in the matrix, so as to achieve the purpose of strengthening. However, since there are many crystal defects at the grain boundaries, the energy of the grain boundaries is higher than that of the inside of the crystal grains, and the second phase is mainly precipitated. If the precipitated phase is brittle, its continuous distribution over the grain boundaries can lead to grain boundary embrittlement, worsening alloy properties and accelerating material failure. In addition, the strengthening mode is deeply influenced by the post-treatment process, and different rolling amounts, rolling temperatures, heat treatment temperatures and times can generate precipitated phases with different properties, so that the alloy structure and performance are uncontrollable. In addition, the rolling and heat treatment processes are complicated, so that resources are greatly consumed, and the industrial application cost is increased. Thus, obtaining a high entropy alloy with uniformly distributed second phase strengthening is of great importance for optimizing alloy properties.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the second phase distribution of a second phase reinforced high-entropy alloy is concentrated at a crystal boundary so as to cause embrittlement of alloy performance, and provides a high-entropy alloy material with uniformly distributed and reinforced second phase and a preparation method thereof.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
a second phase uniformly distributed and reinforced high-entropy alloy comprises four elements of titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf) and copper (Cu), wherein the atomic percentage of Ti is 10% -60% of x (Ti), the atomic percentage of Zr is 10% -60% of x (Zr), the atomic percentage of Hf is 10% -60% of x (Hf), and the atomic percentage of Cu is 0.2% -4% of x (Cu). The four elemental compositions are a close packed Hexagonal (HCP) structure and a Body Centered Tetragonal (BCT) structure.
The preferable component ranges are: the atomic percentage of Ti is 30 percent-50 percent, the atomic percentage of Zr is 30 percent-50 percent, the atomic percentage of Hf is 30 percent-50 percent, the atomic percentage of Cu is 1 percent-3 percent.
A preparation method of a high-entropy alloy with uniformly distributed and reinforced second phases comprises the following steps:
step one: selecting Ti, zr, hf, cu metal raw materials with purity of 99.99%, accurately weighing four raw materials according to the atomic percentage of TiZrHfCu series high-entropy alloy, sequentially placing the four raw materials into a copper crucible of a non-consumable vacuum arc melting furnace according to the sequence of low-to-high melting point of metal elements, namely Cu, ti, zr, hf, and simultaneously placing titanium blocks into other copper crucibles for absorbing oxygen;
step two: closing a furnace door, vacuumizing a non-consumable vacuum arc melting furnace to a vacuum state, and then introducing high-purity argon with the purity of 99.99wt% as protective gas;
step three: firstly, starting current to initiate an arc, smelting a titanium block, and absorbing the oxygen content in a vacuum cavity; then moving an arc gun to the position of the high-entropy alloy, smelting the TiZrHfCu-based high-entropy alloy until the alloy is completely melted and uniformly mixed, closing the current, introducing cooling water, turning over the just-smelted button ingot by rotating a mechanical arm after the alloy button ingot is cooled, and adjusting the current to a proper current level, wherein the smelting is performed just like the previous smelting, and repeating the step for each button ingot. In order to ensure that the alloy components are fully and uniformly mixed, after the third and fourth turn-ups, the magnetic stirring function is started to ensure that the alloy has enough flow and uniform components. For each alloy button ingot, 8 times of turning over are carried out, namely 9 times of smelting are carried out.
Step four: after all TiZrHfCu series high-entropy alloy is smelted, waiting for cooling of the copper crucible, opening an air valve, introducing air, opening a furnace door, and taking out the formed high-entropy alloy button ingot.
The vacuum degree after the vacuum pumping in the second step is not higher than 2.5x10 -3 Pa。
And in the second step, the pressure of the high-purity argon is 0.06Mpa.
And in the third step, the time for smelting the titanium block and smelting the high-entropy alloy ingot each time is 2-3 min.
In the third step, the smelting current is 350-450A, and the smelting voltage is 12-16V.
Advantageous effects
1. The TiZrHfCu-based high-entropy alloy provided by the invention has a close-packed Hexagonal (HCP) and body-centered tetragonal (BCT) two-phase structure in a lower content range of Cu atom content of 0.2% to less than or equal to x (Cu) < 4. The close-packed hexagonal phase is used as a matrix and has certain plasticity; the body-centered tetragonal phase, which is a second phase, has a nano-scale fine size and a higher hardness, and is uniformly distributed on the matrix, instead of being concentrated at grain boundaries. Although the atomic content of Cu is lower, the alloy provided by the invention not only realizes uniform distribution of a large number of second phase particles and fully plays a role of dispersion strengthening so as to improve the strength of the alloy, but also keeps the plasticity of the alloy above 8%, and avoids the embrittlement problem caused by grain boundary precipitation.
2. The precipitation of the second phase in the TiZrHfCu-based high-entropy alloy structure provided by the invention can be realized only by a simple arc melting method without complex post-treatment processes such as rolling and heat treatment. Therefore, the resource cost is saved, the preparation process is simple and efficient, and the method is more suitable for industrial application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is Ti 33 Zr 33 Hf 33 Cu 1 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of the high entropy alloy;
FIG. 2 is Ti 33 Zr 33 Hf 32 Cu 2 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of the high entropy alloy;
FIG. 3 is Ti 34 Zr 32 Hf 31 Cu 3 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of the high entropy alloy;
FIG. 4 is Ti 32 Zr 32 Hf 32 Cu 4 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of the high entropy alloy;
FIG. 5 is an X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of a TiZrHfCu based high entropy alloy;
fig. 6 is a room temperature tensile engineering stress strain curve of a tizrbhfcu-based high-entropy alloy.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
The present embodiment is a Ti 34 Zr 33 Hf 32.8 Cu 0.2 The high entropy alloy consists of four elements of Ti, zr, hf, cu, including Ti 34 wt%, zr 33 wt%, hf 32.8 wt% and Cu 33 wt%0.2％。
The purity of the Ti, zr, hf, cu and other metal raw materials is higher than 99.99wt%;
the Ti is 33 Zr 33 Hf 33 Cu 1 The preparation method of the high-entropy alloy comprises the following steps:
step one: selecting four metal raw materials of Ti, zr, hf, cu with purity of 99.99 percent, and the like according to Ti 34 Zr 33 Hf 32.8 Cu 0.2 The atomic percent of the high-entropy alloy is calculated to be the mass percent, the mass percent is weighed on a balance to be 3 rd position after decimal point, and the sum of the mass of the last four elements is 100g, wherein 15.567g of Ti, 28.795g of Zr, 56g of Hf and 0.122g of Cu. Sequentially placing the metal elements into copper crucibles of a non-consumable vacuum arc melting furnace according to the sequence of low-to-high melting point of the metal elements, namely Cu, ti, zr, hf, and simultaneously placing titanium blocks into other copper crucibles for absorbing oxygen;
step two: closing the furnace door, and pumping the non-consumable vacuum arc melting furnace to a vacuum state, namely the vacuum degree is lower than 2.5X10 -3 Pa. Then high-purity argon with the purity of 99.99 weight percent is introduced as shielding gas, and the pressure of the furnace chamber is 0.06MPa;
step three: starting current, adjusting the tungsten electrode to a position 2-3 mm away from the metal raw material for arc striking, adjusting the tungsten electrode to a position about 7mm away from the metal after the arc striking is successful, and smelting a pure titanium block placed in a central copper crucible for absorbing the oxygen content in a vacuum cavity, wherein the smelting time is 2-3 min. The arc gun is then moved to Ti 34 Zr 33 Hf 32.8 Cu 0.2 And smelting the high-entropy alloy until the alloy is completely melted and uniformly mixed, keeping the current at about 400A, keeping the voltage at about 15V, and smelting for 2-3 min. Then reducing current, stopping striking an arc, waiting until alloy button ingots are cooled under the action of cooling water, turning over the button ingots just melted by rotating a mechanical arm, adjusting the current to a proper current, melting by using the same parameters, and repeating the step for each button ingot. In order to make the alloy components fully and uniformly mixed, after the third and fourth turn-ups, the magnetic stirring function is started,so as to ensure that the alloy has enough flow and uniform composition. For each alloy button ingot, 8 times of turning over are carried out, namely 9 times of smelting are carried out.
Step four: after smelting is completed, waiting for the copper crucible to cool to room temperature, opening an air valve, introducing air, opening a furnace door, and taking out the formed high-entropy alloy button ingot.
Example 2
The present embodiment is a Ti 33 Zr 33 Hf 33 Cu 1 The high-entropy alloy consists of four elements of Ti, zr, hf, cu, wherein the relative atomic percentage content of Ti is 33%, the relative atomic percentage content of Zr is 33%, the relative atomic percentage content of Hf is 33%, and the relative atomic percentage content of Cu is 1%.
The purity of the Ti, zr, hf, cu and other metal raw materials is higher than 99.99wt%;
the Ti is 33 Zr 33 Hf 33 Cu 1 The preparation method of the high-entropy alloy comprises the following steps:
step one: selecting four metal raw materials of Ti, zr, hf, cu with purity of 99.99 percent, and the like according to Ti 33 Zr 33 Hf 33 Cu 1 The atomic percent of the high-entropy alloy is calculated as the mass percent, the mass percent is weighed on a balance to the 3 rd position after decimal point, and the sum of the mass of the last four elements is 100g, wherein 14.983g of Ti, 28.550g of Zr, 55.864g of Hf and 0.603g of Cu. Sequentially placing the metal elements into copper crucibles of a non-consumable vacuum arc melting furnace according to the sequence of low-to-high melting point of the metal elements, namely Cu, ti, zr, hf, and simultaneously placing titanium blocks into other copper crucibles for absorbing oxygen;
step two: closing the furnace door, and pumping the non-consumable vacuum arc melting furnace to a vacuum state, namely the vacuum degree is lower than 2.5X10 -3 Pa. Then high-purity argon with the purity of 99.99 weight percent is introduced as shielding gas, and the pressure of the furnace chamber is 0.06MPa;
step three: starting current, adjusting the tungsten electrode to a position 2-3 mm away from the metal raw material for arc striking, adjusting the tungsten electrode to a position about 7mm away from the metal after the arc striking is successful, and smelting a pure titanium block placed in a central copper crucible for suckingThe oxygen content in the vacuum chamber is collected, and the smelting time is 2-3 min. The arc gun is then moved to Ti 33 Zr 33 Hf 33 Cu 1 And smelting the high-entropy alloy until the alloy is completely melted and uniformly mixed, keeping the current at about 400A, keeping the voltage at about 15V, and smelting for 2-3 min. Then reducing current, stopping striking an arc, waiting until alloy button ingots are cooled under the action of cooling water, turning over the button ingots just melted by rotating a mechanical arm, adjusting the current to a proper current, melting by using the same parameters, and repeating the step for each button ingot. In order to make the alloy components fully and uniformly mixed, after the third and fourth turn-over, the magnetic stirring function is started to ensure that the alloy has enough flowing and uniform components. For each alloy button ingot, 8 times of turning over are carried out, namely 9 times of smelting are carried out.
Step four: after smelting is completed, waiting for the copper crucible to cool to room temperature, opening an air valve, introducing air, opening a furnace door, and taking out the formed high-entropy alloy button ingot.
Example 3
The present embodiment is a Ti 33 Zr 33 Hf 32 Cu 2 The high-entropy alloy consists of four elements of Ti, zr, hf, cu, wherein the relative atomic percentage content of Ti is 33%, the relative atomic percentage content of Zr is 33%, the relative atomic percentage content of Hf is 32%, and the relative atomic percentage content of Cu is 2%.
The purity of the Ti, zr, hf, cu and other metal raw materials is higher than 99.99wt%;
the Ti is 33 Zr 33 Hf 32 Cu 2 The preparation method of the high-entropy alloy comprises the following steps:
step one: selecting four metal raw materials of Ti, zr, hf, cu with purity of 99.99 percent, and the like according to Ti 33 Zr 33 Hf 32 Cu 2 The atomic percent of the high-entropy alloy is calculated as the mass percent, the mass percent is weighed on a balance to the 3 rd position after decimal point, and the sum of the masses of the last four elements is 100g, wherein 15.211g of Ti, 28.988g of Zr, 55g of Hf and 1.224g of Cu. According to the melting point of the metal element from low to high, i.eCu, ti, zr, hf, sequentially placing the titanium blocks into copper crucibles of a non-consumable vacuum arc melting furnace, and simultaneously placing titanium blocks into other copper crucibles for absorbing oxygen;
step two: closing the furnace door, and pumping the non-consumable vacuum arc melting furnace to a vacuum state, namely the vacuum degree is lower than 2.5X10 -3 Pa. Then high-purity argon with the purity of 99.99 weight percent is introduced as shielding gas, and the pressure of the furnace chamber is 0.06MPa;
step three: starting current, adjusting the tungsten electrode to a position 2-3 mm away from the metal raw material for arc striking, adjusting the tungsten electrode to a position about 7mm away from the metal after the arc striking is successful, and smelting a pure titanium block placed in a central copper crucible for absorbing the oxygen content in a vacuum cavity, wherein the smelting time is 2-3 min. The arc gun is then moved to Ti 33 Zr 33 Hf 32 Cu 2 And smelting the high-entropy alloy until the alloy is completely melted and uniformly mixed, keeping the current at about 400A, keeping the voltage at about 15V, and smelting for 2-3 min. Then reducing current, stopping striking an arc, waiting until alloy button ingots are cooled under the action of cooling water, turning over the button ingots just melted by rotating a mechanical arm, adjusting the current to a proper current, melting by using the same parameters, and repeating the step for each button ingot. In order to make the alloy components fully and uniformly mixed, after the third and fourth turn-over, the magnetic stirring function is started to ensure that the alloy has enough flowing and uniform components. For each alloy button ingot, 8 times of turning over are carried out, namely 9 times of smelting are carried out.
Step four: after smelting is completed, waiting for the copper crucible to cool to room temperature, opening an air valve, introducing air, opening a furnace door, and taking out the formed high-entropy alloy button ingot.
Example 4
The present embodiment is a Ti 34 Zr 32 Hf 31 Cu 3 The high entropy alloy consists of four elements of Ti, zr, hf, cu, including Ti 34 wt%, zr 32 wt%, hf 31 wt%, and Cu 31 wt%The amount was 3%.
The purity of the Ti, zr, hf, cu and other metal raw materials is higher than 99.99wt%;
the Ti is 34 Zr 32 Hf 31 Cu 3 The preparation method of the high-entropy alloy comprises the following steps:
step one: selecting four metal raw materials of Ti, zr, hf, cu with purity of 99.99 percent, and the like according to Ti 34 Zr 32 Hf 31 Cu 3 The atomic percent of the high-entropy alloy is calculated to be the mass percent, the mass percent is weighed on a balance to be 3 rd position after decimal point, and the sum of the mass of the last four elements is 100g, wherein 15.883g of Ti, 28.489g of Zr, 54g of Hf and 1.860g of Cu. Sequentially placing the metal elements into copper crucibles of a non-consumable vacuum arc melting furnace according to the sequence of low-to-high melting point of the metal elements, namely Cu, ti, zr, hf, and simultaneously placing titanium blocks into other copper crucibles for absorbing oxygen;
step two: closing the furnace door, and pumping the non-consumable vacuum arc melting furnace to a vacuum state, namely the vacuum degree is lower than 2.5X10 -3 Pa. Then high-purity argon with the purity of 99.99 weight percent is introduced as shielding gas, and the pressure of the furnace chamber is 0.06MPa;
step three: starting current, adjusting the tungsten electrode to a position 2-3 mm away from the metal raw material for arc striking, adjusting the tungsten electrode to a position about 7mm away from the metal after the arc striking is successful, and smelting a pure titanium block placed in a central copper crucible for absorbing the oxygen content in a vacuum cavity, wherein the smelting time is 2-3 min. The arc gun is then moved to Ti 34 Zr 32 Hf 31 Cu 3 And smelting the high-entropy alloy until the alloy is completely melted and uniformly mixed, keeping the current at about 400A, keeping the voltage at about 15V, and smelting for 2-3 min. Then reducing current, stopping striking an arc, waiting until alloy button ingots are cooled under the action of cooling water, turning over the button ingots just melted by rotating a mechanical arm, adjusting the current to a proper current, melting by using the same parameters, and repeating the step for each button ingot. In order to make the alloy components fully and uniformly mixed, after the third and fourth turn-ups, the magnetic stirring function is started to ensureThe alloy has enough flowing and uniform composition. For each alloy button ingot, 8 times of turning over are carried out, namely 9 times of smelting are carried out.
Step four: after smelting is completed, waiting for the copper crucible to cool to room temperature, opening an air valve, introducing air, opening a furnace door, and taking out the formed high-entropy alloy button ingot.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example is a Ti 32 Zr 32 Hf 32 Cu 4 The high-entropy alloy consists of four elements of Ti, zr, hf, cu, wherein the relative atomic percentage content of Ti is 32%, the relative atomic percentage content of Zr is 32%, the relative atomic percentage content of Hf is 32%, and the relative atomic percentage content of Cu is 4%.
The purity of the Ti, zr, hf, cu and other metal raw materials is higher than 99.99wt%;
the Ti is 32 Zr 32 Hf 32 Cu 4 The preparation method of the high-entropy alloy comprises the following steps:
step one: selecting four metal raw materials of Ti, zr, hf, cu with purity of 99.99 percent, and the like according to Ti 32 Zr 32 Hf 32 Cu 4 The atomic percent of the high-entropy alloy is calculated as the mass percent, the mass percent is weighed on a balance to the 3 rd position after decimal point, and the sum of the mass of the last four elements is 100g, wherein the mass percent of Ti is 14.720g, the mass percent of Zr is 28.054g, the mass percent of Hf is 54.89g, and the mass percent of Cu is 2.443g. Sequentially placing the metal elements into copper crucibles of a non-consumable vacuum arc melting furnace according to the sequence of low-to-high melting point of the metal elements, namely Cu, ti, zr, hf, and simultaneously placing titanium blocks into other copper crucibles for absorbing oxygen;
step two: closing the furnace door, and pumping the non-consumable vacuum arc melting furnace to a vacuum state, namely the vacuum degree is lower than 2.5X10 -3 Pa. Then high-purity argon with the purity of 99.99 weight percent is introduced as shielding gas, and the pressure of the furnace chamber is 0.06MPa;
step three: starting current, adjusting the tungsten electrode to a position 2-3 mm away from the metal raw material for arc striking, adjusting the tungsten electrode to a position about 7mm away from the metal after the arc striking is successful, and smelting a pure titanium block placed in a central copper crucible for absorbing trueThe oxygen content in the cavity and the smelting time are 2-3 min. The arc gun is then moved to Ti 32 Zr 32 Hf 32 Cu 4 And smelting the high-entropy alloy until the alloy is completely melted and uniformly mixed, keeping the current at about 400A, keeping the voltage at about 15V, and smelting for 2-3 min. Then reducing current, stopping striking an arc, waiting until alloy button ingots are cooled under the action of cooling water, turning over the button ingots just melted by rotating a mechanical arm, adjusting the current to a proper current, melting by using the same parameters, and repeating the step for each button ingot. In order to make the alloy components fully and uniformly mixed, after the third and fourth turn-over, the magnetic stirring function is started to ensure that the alloy has enough flowing and uniform components. For each alloy button ingot, 8 times of turning over are carried out, namely 9 times of smelting are carried out.
Step four: after smelting is completed, waiting for the copper crucible to cool to room temperature, opening an air valve, introducing air, opening a furnace door, and taking out the formed high-entropy alloy button ingot.
SEM microstructure observation, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and room temperature tensile mechanical property test are respectively carried out on the TiZrHfCu series high-entropy alloy prepared by the arc melting method, and the TiZrHfCu series high-entropy alloy is respectively shown in figures 1 to 6. Experiments show that: when the Cu atomic percentage is 1% -3%, the TiZrHfCu series high entropy alloy structure consists of a matrix and nano precipitated phases which are uniformly dispersed, and is shown in figures 1, 2 and 3 respectively; XRD results indicate that the alloy is composed of HCP and (Ti, zr, hf) 2 Cu (BCT structure) two-phase composition as shown in fig. 5; as the Cu atom content increases from 1% to 3%, the room temperature tensile break strength increases, i.e., from 912MPa to 1036MPa, and maintains good plasticity above 8%, with a better strong plastic match, as shown in fig. 6. When the Cu atom percentage is increased to 4%, the alloy generates a network-like second phase at the grain boundary, which is no longer uniformly dispersed, as shown in fig. 4, resulting in embrittlement of the alloy, which is shown in fig. 6, at which the elongation at break is only 4%.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the invention has been presented. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, and the like, which are possible to meet the requirements of the scope of the claims, the summary of the invention, the drawings, and the like, are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A high-entropy alloy material with uniformly distributed and strengthened second phase, which is characterized in that: comprises four elements of titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf) and copper (Cu), wherein the atomic percentage of Ti is 10 percent-60 percent of x (Ti), the atomic percentage of Zr is 10 percent-60 percent of x (Zr), the atomic percentage of Hf is 10 percent-60 percent of x (Hf), and the atomic percentage of Cu is 0.2 percent-4 percent of x (Cu); the high-entropy alloy material composed of four elements is of a close-packed Hexagonal (HCP) structure and a body-centered tetragonal (BCT) structure;
a method of preparing the second phase uniformly distributed strengthened high entropy alloy material comprising the steps of:
step one: selecting Ti, zr, hf, cu metal raw materials with the purity of 99.99%, weighing four raw materials according to the atomic percentage of TiZrHfCu high-entropy alloy, sequentially placing the four raw materials into a copper crucible of a non-consumable vacuum arc melting furnace according to the sequence of low-to-high metal simple substance melting point, namely Cu, ti, zr, hf, and simultaneously placing titanium blocks into other copper crucibles for absorbing oxygen;
step two: closing a furnace door, vacuumizing a non-consumable vacuum arc melting furnace to a vacuum state, and then introducing high-purity argon with the purity of 99.99wt% as protective gas;
step three: firstly, starting current to initiate an arc, smelting a titanium block, and absorbing the oxygen content in a vacuum cavity; then moving an arc gun to the position of the high-entropy alloy, smelting the TiZrHfCu high-entropy alloy until the alloy is completely melted and uniformly mixed, then closing the current, introducing cooling water, turning over the just-smelted button ingot by rotating a mechanical arm after the alloy button ingot is cooled, adjusting the current to a proper value, continuing smelting, and repeating the step for each button ingot; in order to ensure that the alloy components are fully and uniformly mixed, after the third and fourth turn-over, the magnetic stirring function is started to ensure that the alloy has enough flowing and uniform components; 8 times of turning are carried out on each alloy button ingot, namely 9 times of smelting are carried out;
step four: after all TiZrHfCu high-entropy alloy is smelted, waiting for cooling of the copper crucible, opening an air valve, introducing air, opening a furnace door, and taking out the formed high-entropy alloy button ingot.
2. A second phase uniformly distributed strengthened high entropy alloy material according to claim 1, wherein: the vacuum degree after the vacuum pumping in the second step is not higher than 2.5 multiplied by 10 -3 Pa。
3. A second phase uniformly distributed strengthened high entropy alloy material according to claim 1, wherein: and in the second step, the pressure of the high-purity argon is 0.06MPa.
4. A second phase uniformly distributed strengthened high entropy alloy material according to claim 1, wherein: and in the third step, the time for smelting the titanium block and smelting the high-entropy alloy ingot each time is 2-3 min.
5. A second phase uniformly distributed strengthened high entropy alloy material according to claim 1, wherein: in the third step, the smelting current is 350-450A, and the smelting voltage is 12-16V.
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